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<document id="D02584591509B38AEECE935CB9BDDD73" ID-CLB-Dataset="7176" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="120db7ca-e885-4d5e-bc3d-83af0671f8d1" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4720674" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2763DA07-4D8F-4CA2-BB63-E5BC26470296" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1619445312570" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Drolshagen, Bastian &amp; Bäckstam, Christian M." docDate="2021" docId="0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.43.10.163-196.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 43 (10)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.7:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Linothele fallax" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FFBFB54DFF9CFFA0757CFF9F44099755" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic review of the mygalomorph spider genus Linothele Karsch, 1879 (Araneae, Dipluridae)" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="163" pageNumber="174" updateTime="1698937603326" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="DBF9006BA72C087F5C268832A5C9BEB7">A taxonomic review of the mygalomorph spider genus Linothele Karsch, 1879 (Araneae, Dipluridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BDB5FE9EC7A7C8217729F6FC123F7CB7">Drolshagen, Bastian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B705BAD5DB8D0D801061183729B53373">Kolberger Strasse 12 F, 76139 Karlsruhe (Germany) bdrolshagen @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1511C2166B6246F1300B2C4F36CD0FEB" type="email">bdrolshagen@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="077E47DB63A1BB1D5E366647D25DD81F">Bäckstam, Christian M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B7A56BE57F089057F5FB2FDD84256215">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm (Sweden) christian. backstam @ nrm. se</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B0A6698D3866B0D3A43EF1227774BAE9" type="email">backstam@nrm.se</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2ED918C5A7F4979621135A5730FDB3FE">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="AC1253072B97BA7FDF8BB67DEEEFF1CB">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="188E12BFD139C6F57495B5FEEFCA2B5F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="ACD34DA69BFD20B0A3953E5E85763DDD">2021-04-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="593F00B32535A90A971983555EE7AC7E">43</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="39325C1F87EC2D3BCF421E54049EC653" type="DOI">10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a10</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4721359" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181600908" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4721359" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF91FFAD76D8F8AE41319019" box="[932,1336,1841,1868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF91FFAD76D8F8AE41319019" blockId="13.[932,1336,1841,1900]" box="[932,1336,1841,1868]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<heading id="D0D8CB4FFF91FFAD76D8F8AE41319019" box="[932,1336,1841,1868]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF91FFAD76D8F8AE41319019" ID-CoL="3V4F5" authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1926)" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[932,1336,1841,1868]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF91FFAD76D8F8AE40449019" bold="true" box="[932,1101,1841,1868]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">Linothele fallax</emphasis>
(Mello-Leitão, 1926)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF91FFAD769DF8CE40F39039" box="[993,1274,1873,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF91FFAD769DF8CE40F39039" blockId="13.[932,1336,1841,1900]" box="[993,1274,1873,1900]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
(
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF91FFAD7694F8CE40259039" box="[1000,1068,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[311,322,1139,1157]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1097]" captionTargetId="figure-401@6.[132,1455,215,1097]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 2. — Specimen of Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926) at the entrance of its burrow. Photo: Bastian Drolshagen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720678" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720678/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">Figs 2</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF91FFAD7144F8CD40419039" box="[1080,1096,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">7</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF91FFAD7128F8CD40649039" box="[1108,1133,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[131,142,1037,1055]" captionTargetBox="[220,1456,199,1007]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 18. — Patterns on opisthosoma in Linothele Karsch, 1879: A-C, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); D, E, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); F, G, L. jelskii (F. O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1896); A, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038), dorsal view; B, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039), dorsal view; C, L. fallax undet. imm. (NHRS-JUST 000000529), ventral view; D, E, L. gaujoni undet. (MCZ-76017); D, dorsal view; E, ventral view; F, L. jelskii male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view; G, L. jelskii imm. male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720736/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">18</figureCitation>
A-C;
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF91FFAD71D0F8CD40CF9039" box="[1196,1222,1874,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1509,1527]" captionTargetBox="[195,1391,222,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-202@30.[179,1411,196,1479]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 19. — Specimens of Linothele Karsch, 1879 in life: A, B, L. curvitarsis Karsch,1879; C-E, L. sericata (Karsch, 1879); F, L. spinosa n. sp.; G, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); H-J, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); A, adult female; B, adult male; C, adult female; D, adult male (both distal articles of PLS are broken); E, undet. juvenile; F, adult female; G, adult female; H, adult female; I. adult male; J, juvenile female. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720738/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">19</figureCitation>
H-J)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF91FFAE7651F80945AA9498" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF91FFAD7651F80940B990FB" blockId="13.[813,1200,1942,1966]" box="[813,1200,1942,1966]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3F5B0DFF91FFAD7651F80940B990FB" box="[813,1200,1942,1966]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF91FFAD7651F80940A590FB" box="[813,1196,1942,1966]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF91FFAD7651F80940A590FB" authority="Mello-Leitao, 1926: 312" authorityName="Mello-Leitao" authorityPageNumber="312" authorityYear="1926" box="[813,1196,1942,1966]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Diplura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF91FFAD7651F80947BB90FB" box="[813,946,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">Diplura fallax</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF91FFAD76C5F80940A590FB" author="LEITAO C. F. &amp; DE" box="[953,1196,1942,1966]" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" pagination="307 - 324" refId="ref25287" refString="MELLO- LEITAO C. F. DE 1926. - Algumas Theraphosoideas novas do Brasil. Revista do Museu Paulista 14: 307 - 324." type="journal article" year="1926">Mello-Leitão, 1926: 312</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF91FFAE7651F84E45AA9498" blockId="13.[813,1329,2001,2025]" lastBlockId="14.[132,774,922,973]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3F5B0DFF91FFAE7651F84E45AA9498" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF91FFAD7651F84E47BF90BC" authority="(Mello-Leitao, 1926)" box="[813,950,2001,2025]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Uruchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF91FFAD7651F84E47BF90BC" box="[813,950,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">Uruchus fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF91FFAD76A0F84E40C390BC" author="BUCHERL W. &amp; TIMOTHEO DA COSTA A. &amp; LUCAS S. M." box="[988,1226,2001,2025]" page="122" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF91FFAD76A0F84E40C390BC" author="Bucherl" box="[988,1226,2001,2025]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bucherl" page="122" pageId="13" pageNumber="174" pagination="117 - 138" refId="ref24105" refString="BUCHERL W., TIMOTHEO DA COSTA A. &amp; LUCAS S. M. 1971. - Revisao de alguns tipos de aranhas caranguejeiras (Orthognatha) estabelecidos por Candido de Mello-Leitao e depositados no Museu Nacional do Rio. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 35: 117 - 138." type="journal article" year="1971">
Bücherl
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF91FFAD7152F84E405490BC" box="[1070,1117,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="174">et al.</emphasis>
1971: 122
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 9-10.
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE75F8FC05451B94E7" ID-CoL="3V4F5" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[132,274,922,946]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE75F8FC05451B94E7" box="[132,274,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF92FFAE7448FC0445C594E6" author="RAVEN R. J." box="[308,460,922,947]" page="74" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE7448FC0445C594E6" author="Raven" box="[308,460,922,947]" firstAuthor="Raven" page="74" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref26139" refString="RAVEN R. J. 1985. - The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of natural History 182: 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1985">Raven 1985: 74</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 75. —
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF92FFAE776BFC0544A99498" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE776BFC0544A99498" author="MOREIRA T. &amp; DA &amp; BAPTISTA R. L. C. &amp; KURY A. B. &amp; GIUPPONI A. P. D. L. &amp; BUCKUP E. H. &amp; BRESCOVIT A. D." pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26337" refString="SILVA- MOREIRA T. DA, BAPTISTA R. L. C., KURY A. B., GIUPPONI A. P. D. L., BUCKUP E. H. &amp; BRESCOVIT A. D. 2010. - Annotated check list of Arachnida type specimens deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. II - Araneae. Zootaxa (2588): 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2588.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
Silva-Moreira
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE77E2FC0446C294E7" box="[670,715,922,946]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
2010: 31
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0A8E5A32FF92FFAE75B6FC2A45979498" author="KURY A. B. &amp; GIUPPONI A. P. L. &amp; MENDES A. C." box="[202,414,949,973]" page="557" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE75B6FC2A45979498" author="Kury" box="[202,414,949,973]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kury" page="557" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="556 - 558" refId="ref25047" refString="KURY A. B., GIUPPONI A. P. L. &amp; MENDES A. C. 2018. - Immolation of Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro - unforgettable fire and irreplaceable loss. Journal of Arachnology 46 (3): 556 - 558. https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / JoA-S- 18 - 094.1" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kury
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE747EFC2945389498" box="[258,305,949,973]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
2018: 557
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF502CABFF92FFAE75F9FCAC40A39409" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720700" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4720700" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720700/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" startId="14.[133,143,819,837]" targetBox="[192,1394,222,718]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F9FCAC40A39409" blockId="14.[132,1457,819,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
FIG. 8. —
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE75A9FCAC45D79410" authority="(Simon, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[213,478,819,837]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE75A9FCAC456B9410" box="[213,354,819,837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele gaujoni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE7410FCAC45D09410" author="Simon" box="[364,473,819,837]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="399 - 404" refId="ref26423" refString="SIMON E. 1889 a. - Revision des Aviculariidae de la Republique de l'Ecuador. Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux 42: 399 - 404." type="journal article" year="1889">Simon, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7499FCAC45FB9410" bold="true" box="[485,498,819,837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7481FCAC46039410" bold="true" box="[509,522,819,837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7769FCAC462A9410" bold="true" box="[533,547,819,837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">D</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE7751FCAC472D9410" authority="Simon, 1889" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" box="[557,804,819,837]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Uruchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7751FCAC46BD9410" box="[557,692,819,837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Uruchus gaujoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE77C6FCAC472D9410" author="Simon" box="[698,804,819,837]" firstAuthor="Simon" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="399 - 404" refId="ref26423" refString="SIMON E. 1889 a. - Revision des Aviculariidae de la Republique de l'Ecuador. Actes de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux 42: 399 - 404." type="journal article" year="1889">Simon, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
female syntypes (MNHN AR4951 (B4348));
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE71ECFCAC40979410" bold="true" box="[1168,1182,819,837]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE71D4FCAC40F09410" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" box="[1192,1273,819,837]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Uruchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE71D4FCAC40F09410" box="[1192,1273,819,837]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">L. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female (MCZ-76017);
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE75F8FCD544989409" bold="true" box="[132,145,842,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">A</emphasis>
, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view;
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7774FCD5461C9409" bold="true" box="[520,533,842,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7763FCD546249409" bold="true" box="[543,557,842,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">C</emphasis>
, spermathecae, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE765DFCD547269409" bold="true" box="[801,815,842,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">D</emphasis>
, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAE75F8FC7A45FD9240" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8FC7A462C9342" blockId="14.[132,775,996,1047]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
TYPE MATERIAL. —
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE743DFC7A462C9342" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159377" collectionCode="MNRJ, MLPC" collectorName="Alvaro Leitao" country="Brazil" location="Alto Jurua" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCode="MNRJ 44, MLPC 679" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE743DFC7A45FD94A8" bold="true" box="[321,500,997,1022]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF92FFAE743DFC7A45AB94A8" box="[321,418,997,1021]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE74D7FC7945EC94AB" box="[427,485,998,1022]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Brazil</collectingCountry>
•
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE7485FC77460394A9" box="[505,522,1000,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
;
<location id="8EF02AF8FF92FFAE776AFC7B467594A9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544:8EF02AF8FF92FFAE776AFC7B467594A9" box="[534,636,996,1020]" country="Brazil" name="Alto Jurua" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Alto Jurua</location>
;
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF92FFAE77F9FC7B470E94A9" box="[645,775,996,1020]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Alvaro Leitão</collectorName>
leg;
<specimenCode id="DB89D458FF92FFAE75D1FC6045199342" box="[173,272,1023,1047]" collectionCode="MNRJ" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/zi1i-a0b5" name="Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">MNRJ 44</specimenCode>
(
<specimenCode id="DB89D458FF92FFAE746BFC6045859342" box="[279,396,1023,1047]" collectionCode="MLPC" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">MLPC 679</specimenCode>
), probably lost.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8FBAF460193B0" blockId="14.[131,775,1071,1253]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE74B5FBAF46289312" bold="true" box="[457,545,1071,1096]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE74B5FBAF4606931D" box="[457,527,1072,1096]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
•
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE7754FBB046A09334" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159364" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCode="NHRS-KASI000000039" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE7754FBB046449313" box="[552,589,1071,1095]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
*;
<collectingRegion id="49EBB2C1FF92FFAE7711FBB046949312" box="[621,669,1071,1095]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Beni</collectingRegion>
, near
<location id="8EF02AF8FF92FFAE77A5FBB044E29334" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386CD35FF91FFAF76D8F8AE454E9544:8EF02AF8FF92FFAE77A5FBB044E29334" name="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" stateProvince="Beni">Rurrenabaque</location>
; 2005;
<collectionCode id="ED3EE4E6FF92FFAE744DFBD6454D9334" box="[305,324,1097,1121]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">A</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26DA19F5FF92FFAE7430FBD6458B9334" box="[332,386,1097,1121]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Stirm</collectorName>
leg.;
<specimenCode id="DB89D458FF92FFAE74C8FBD646A09334" box="[436,681,1097,1121]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">NHRS-KASI000000039</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE77C0FBD646719329" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159341" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE77C0FBD646EB9335" box="[700,738,1097,1121]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
F1; same data as for preceding; NHRS-KASI 000000038
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE77F6FBFB464E93C3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159340" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE77F6FBFB46A5932E" box="[650,684,1124,1148]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
F1; same data as for preceding; NHRS-KASI000000040
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE7726FBE1464193E4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159375" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beni">1 undet. F2; same data as for preceding; NHRS-KASI000000041</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE7720FB064658939E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159317" collectionCode="A" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Beni">1 undet. F2; same data as for preceding; NHRS-JUST000000529</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3B47767EFF92FFAE7714FB2C460D93B0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3091159361" collectionCode="SMNK" collectorName="Stirm" location="Rurrenabaque" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Beni">
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE7714FB2C4686939F" box="[616,655,1203,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
F2 and
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE779DFB2C470C939F" box="[737,773,1203,1227]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
F2; same data as for preceding;
<collectionCode id="ED3EE4E6FF92FFAE74C4FB52460D93B0" box="[440,516,1229,1253]" collectionName="Germany, Karlsruhe, Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/tc3a-fmpc" name="Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">SMNK</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8FB6245FD9240" blockId="14.[132,500,1277,1301]" box="[132,500,1277,1301]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF92FFAE75F8FB6244BC9246" box="[132,181,1277,1300]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY. — Alto Juruá,
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE74C9FB6245F99240" box="[437,496,1277,1301]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAE75F8FAB246B39210" box="[132,698,1325,1349]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8FAB246B39210" blockId="14.[132,698,1325,1349]" box="[132,698,1325,1349]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
DISTRIBUTION. — Juruá,
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE7403FAB245BE9210" box="[383,439,1325,1349]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Brazil</collectingCountry>
to Rurrenabaque,
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE7712FAB246BF9210" box="[622,694,1325,1349]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAE75F8FAC246A591E7" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8FAC246A591E7" blockId="14.[130,777,1372,1714]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
DIAGNOSIS. — The male of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE74FAFAC346189221" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[390,529,1372,1396]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE74FAFAC346189221" box="[390,529,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from those of other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE7416FAE845C892DA" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[362,449,1399,1423]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7416FAE845C892DA" box="[362,449,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the almost straight megaspine, the position of the MP [(IML*100)/MAD = 442] and its v-shaped apex (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE75C3FA3445399291" box="[191,304,1451,1476]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7C, D</figureCitation>
), as well as the embolus [(PL*100)/BD = 322] bearing no keel (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE7457FA59459D928B" box="[299,404,1478,1502]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7A, B</figureCitation>
). It can further be distinguished from the male of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE7584FA7E454092AD" baseAuthorityName="F. O. Pickard-Cambridge" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[248,329,1504,1528]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Neodiplura" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jelskii">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7584FA7E454092AD" box="[248,329,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">L. jelskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the leg formula of 4123 rather than 1423. Females of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE758FFA64458C9146" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[243,389,1531,1555]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE758FFA64458C9146" box="[243,389,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those of most other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE75E2F98A44FC9178" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1879" box="[158,245,1557,1581]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE75E2F98A44FC9178" box="[158,245,1557,1581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their undivided scopula. They can be distinguished from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE7475F9AE4561911D" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" box="[265,360,1585,1608]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Uruchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gaujoni">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7475F9AE4561911D" box="[265,360,1585,1608]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">L. gaujoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their narrow clypeus (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE772BF9AF46AD911D" box="[599,676,1584,1608]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7H</figureCitation>
) and their spermathecae stalks bearing a single retrolateral lobe (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE77FBF9D546DC9137" box="[647,725,1610,1634]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
). Females furthermore differ from the female of
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE774BF9FA46A59128" authority="Drolshagen &amp; Bäckstam, 2021" authorityName="Drolshagen &amp; Bäckstam" authorityYear="2021" box="[567,684,1637,1661]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniformis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE774BF9FA46A59128" box="[567,684,1637,1661]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">L. uniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2681D4AFF92FFAE77CFF9FA46E09129" box="[691,745,1637,1660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by their higher number of maxillary cuspules (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE7758F9E0466591C2" box="[548,620,1663,1687]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
), as well as their spermathecae bearing a single retrolateral lobe (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE772DF90546A991E7" box="[593,672,1690,1714]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAE75F8F94D410E929B" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8F94D451C91BF" blockId="14.[130,776,1746,2028]" box="[132,277,1746,1772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8F96D44B09059" blockId="14.[130,776,1746,2028]" box="[132,185,1778,1804]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE75F8F96D44B09059" box="[132,185,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE75F8F88D47E3935A" blockId="14.[130,776,1746,2028]" lastBlockId="14.[811,1456,917,1039]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
CL = 12.0. CT = 12-13. MC = 48. Colouration in alcohol: Prosoma, chelicerae, legs and pedipalps brown; opisthosoma dorsally with pattern consisting of complete chevrons; maculae absent. Colouration alive (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE74B2F8EE462390DE" box="[462,554,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1509,1527]" captionTargetBox="[195,1391,222,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-202@30.[179,1411,196,1479]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 19. — Specimens of Linothele Karsch, 1879 in life: A, B, L. curvitarsis Karsch,1879; C-E, L. sericata (Karsch, 1879); F, L. spinosa n. sp.; G, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); H-J, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); A, adult female; B, adult male; C, adult female; D, adult male (both distal articles of PLS are broken); E, undet. juvenile; F, adult female; G, adult female; H, adult female; I. adult male; J, juvenile female. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720738/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 19I</figureCitation>
): as for alcohol, but patterns slightly more distinct. Carapace covered with orange setae. Opisthosoma with dorsal chevron pattern (
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE77EAF82E46F0909E" box="[662,761,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[131,142,1037,1055]" captionTargetBox="[220,1456,199,1007]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 18. — Patterns on opisthosoma in Linothele Karsch, 1879: A-C, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); D, E, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); F, G, L. jelskii (F. O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1896); A, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038), dorsal view; B, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039), dorsal view; C, L. fallax undet. imm. (NHRS-JUST 000000529), ventral view; D, E, L. gaujoni undet. (MCZ-76017); D, dorsal view; E, ventral view; F, L. jelskii male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view; G, L. jelskii imm. male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720736/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Fig. 18A</figureCitation>
). Clypeus: narrow. Leg formula: 4123. Preening-combs absent. Leg tarsi pseudo-segmented. Spinnerets: apical segments of the PLS rigid. Palpal organ: [(PL*100)/BD = 322], see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE70F8FC2A479394BA" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figure 7A, B</figureCitation>
. Megaspine and MP: [(IML*100)/MAD = 483], see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE762FFC6B47EE935A" box="[851,999,1012,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figure 7C, D</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651FBAB477F931B" blockId="14.[811,1457,1076,1390]" box="[813,886,1076,1102]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7651FBAB477F931B" box="[813,886,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651FBCB40D19238" blockId="14.[811,1457,1076,1390]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
Colouration as for male, but carapace in alive specimens either orange, or green and pattern on opisthosoma more distinct (especially in younger specimens;
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE7191FB0B416493FB" box="[1261,1389,1172,1198]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[131,142,1037,1055]" captionTargetBox="[220,1456,199,1007]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 18. — Patterns on opisthosoma in Linothele Karsch, 1879: A-C, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); D, E, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); F, G, L. jelskii (F. O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1896); A, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038), dorsal view; B, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039), dorsal view; C, L. fallax undet. imm. (NHRS-JUST 000000529), ventral view; D, E, L. gaujoni undet. (MCZ-76017); D, dorsal view; E, ventral view; F, L. jelskii male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view; G, L. jelskii imm. male syntype (BM1896.12), dorsal view. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720736" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720736/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figs 18B, C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE700BFB0B4731939B" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="30.[132,143,1509,1527]" captionTargetBox="[195,1391,222,1464]" captionTargetId="figure-202@30.[179,1411,196,1479]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIG. 19. — Specimens of Linothele Karsch, 1879 in life: A, B, L. curvitarsis Karsch,1879; C-E, L. sericata (Karsch, 1879); F, L. spinosa n. sp.; G, L. gaujoni (Simon, 1889); H-J, L. fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926); A, adult female; B, adult male; C, adult female; D, adult male (both distal articles of PLS are broken); E, undet. juvenile; F, adult female; G, adult female; H, adult female; I. adult male; J, juvenile female. Not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720738/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">19H, J</figureCitation>
). Clypeus: narrow, see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE7142FB2B40BC939B" box="[1086,1205,1204,1230]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figure 7H</figureCitation>
. Sternum, labium and maxillae: see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE76BDFB4B402293BB" box="[961,1067,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
Figure
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF92FFAE7172FB4B402293BB" box="[1038,1067,1236,1262]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="generic">7F</specimenCount>
</figureCitation>
. Leg formula: 4123. Scopula undivided. Preening-combs absent. Leg tarsi pseudo-segmented. Spinnerets: apical segment of the PLS rigid, see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE7041FA8C41A2927B" box="[1341,1451,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figure 7E</figureCitation>
. Spermathecae: consisting of two stalks, bearing an isolated retrolateral lobe at 1:3A, see
<figureCitation id="131460A6FF92FFAE711EFACC40DA9238" box="[1122,1235,1363,1389]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="13.[132,143,1453,1471]" captionTargetBox="[192,1393,217,1386]" captionTargetId="graphics-2055@13.[190,950,217,850]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIG. 7. — Linothele fallax (Mello-Leitão, 1926): A-D, L. fallax male (NHRS-KASI 000000038); E, G, H, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000039); F, L. fallax female (NHRS-KASI 000000040); A, left palp, prolateral view; B, left palp, retrolateral view; C, left tibia I and metatarsus I, retrolateral view; D, left tibia I and metatarsus I, prolaterovental view; E, spinnerets, ventral view; F, maxillae, labium and sternum, ventral view; G, spermatheca, dorsal view; H, eye tubercle, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4720696" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4720696/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Figure 7G</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651FA0C479592F8" blockId="14.[813,1287,1427,1486]" box="[813,924,1427,1453]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7651FA0C479592F8" box="[813,924,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Variability</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651FA2C410E929B" blockId="14.[813,1287,1427,1486]" box="[813,1287,1459,1486]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">CL = 14.7-16.5. CT = 10-12. MC = 30-50.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAE7651FA6C419A901E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651FA6C4798915E" blockId="14.[811,1457,1523,1867]" box="[813,913,1523,1549]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651F98D40ED91B9" blockId="14.[811,1457,1523,1867]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
According to the first description (Mello-Leitão 1926), the type locality is “Alto Juruá”.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE7122F9AD41349118" author="Bucherl" box="[1118,1341,1586,1613]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bucherl" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="117 - 138" refId="ref24105" refString="BUCHERL W., TIMOTHEO DA COSTA A. &amp; LUCAS S. M. 1971. - Revisao de alguns tipos de aranhas caranguejeiras (Orthognatha) estabelecidos por Candido de Mello-Leitao e depositados no Museu Nacional do Rio. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 35: 117 - 138." type="journal article" year="1971">
Bücherl
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE71C5F9AC40E49119" box="[1209,1261,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
(1971)
</bibRefCitation>
and Silva-
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE7651F9CD401D9138" author="Moreira" box="[813,1044,1618,1645]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Moreira" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26337" refString="SILVA- MOREIRA T. DA, BAPTISTA R. L. C., KURY A. B., GIUPPONI A. P. D. L., BUCKUP E. H. &amp; BRESCOVIT A. D. 2010. - Annotated check list of Arachnida type specimens deposited in the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. II - Araneae. Zootaxa (2588): 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2588.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">
Moreira
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE76F0F9CC47C89139" box="[908,961,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
(2010)
</bibRefCitation>
referred to the type locality as Juruá, Amazonas, ignoring the “alto” part, which might actually refer to the “upper” Jurua river at
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE7122F90C408691F8" box="[1118,1167,1683,1709]" name="Peru" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Peru</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="49EBB2C1FF92FFAE71B9F90D40F091F9" box="[1221,1273,1682,1708]" country="Brazil" name="Acre" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Acre</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE707FF90D414D91F9" box="[1283,1348,1682,1708]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Brazil</collectingCountry>
; thus, the type locality is somewhat ambiguous. The
<typeStatus id="5494C281FF92FFAE719BF92D414C9199" box="[1255,1349,1714,1740]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
could not be located by Silva-Moreira
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7125F94C408491B9" box="[1113,1165,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
(2010).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE763FF96D419A901E" blockId="14.[811,1457,1523,1867]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
Material from
<collectingCountry id="F3383CB3FF92FFAE76A2F96D40209059" box="[990,1065,1778,1804]" name="Bolivia" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
was found to match the descriptions by Mello-Leitão (1926) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE01D2FF92FFAE711DF88D41499079" author="Bucherl" box="[1121,1344,1810,1836]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Bucherl" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" pagination="117 - 138" refId="ref24105" refString="BUCHERL W., TIMOTHEO DA COSTA A. &amp; LUCAS S. M. 1971. - Revisao de alguns tipos de aranhas caranguejeiras (Orthognatha) estabelecidos por Candido de Mello-Leitao e depositados no Museu Nacional do Rio. Memorias do Instituto Butantan 35: 117 - 138." type="journal article" year="1971">
Bücherl
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE71C7F88D40E69079" box="[1211,1263,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">et al.</emphasis>
(1971)
</bibRefCitation>
, as well as the illustration of the spermatheca provided by the latter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3352FA8FF92FFAF7651F8ED454E9544" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAE7651F8ED47FB90DF" blockId="14.[811,1456,1906,2028]" box="[813,1010,1906,1932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">NATURAL HISTORY</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B907C23FF92FFAF7651F80E454E9544" blockId="14.[811,1456,1906,2028]" lastBlockId="15.[132,777,215,529]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">
<taxonomicName id="4C2F07A0FF92FFAE7651F80E47C790FE" baseAuthorityName="Mello-Leitao" baseAuthorityYear="1926" box="[813,974,1937,1963]" class="Arachnida" family="Dipluridae" genus="Linothele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="14" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallax">
<emphasis id="B95BA031FF92FFAE7651F80E47C790FE" box="[813,974,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="175">Linothele fallax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be found in natural crevices near ground level, but also in burrows in the ground. The spiders seem not to burrow, but occupy existing crevices. They usually produce less extensive funnel-webs, which end in a short funnel at the entrance of their burrow. Females produce an egg-sac with up to
<specimenCount id="9D29B7AAFF93FFAF7421FE8845B69667" box="[349,447,279,306]" pageId="15" pageNumber="176" type="egg">120 eggs</specimenCount>
as a fixed hammock, usually attached to the entrance funnel or shortly behind in the tubular retreat. Unfortunately, we lack information on the time of the year the spiders mature and produce offspring in the wild. Under artificial conditions females started to build their egg-sacs after the humidity has been raised, indicating that mating and oviposition take place at the start of the wet season.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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