522 lines
82 KiB
XML
522 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document id="1947095E80CD730D00A6EC6EAA2EFBA1" ID-CLB-Dataset="2711" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5087.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bfbfe30a-cdd1-485a-8a1e-836d7c65b321" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832830" ID-ZooBank="39E2E033-AB5B-44A2-9438-33360B994FE4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641803589516" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moraes, Leandro J. C. L., Baêta, Délio, Amaro, Renata C., Martensen, Alexandre C. & Pavan, Dante" docDate="2022" docId="0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5087.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5087 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phrynomedusa appendiculata" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="529" masterDocId="FFBFFFE65F7AFF97FFB2435D492A1D10" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of the rare Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Phyllomedusidae) from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="540" masterPageNumber="522" pageNumber="525" updateTime="1699297812769" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E4C9FC8121F098EC999A67AC43BC2CF4">Rediscovery of the rare Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) (Anura: Phyllomedusidae) from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="75B5D1EFFED7BD0AC0EE5D98D14A253B">Moraes, Leandro J. C. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF792B5240AFBCEC07C608BAE0A86C66">Programa de Pós Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 69067 - 375, Manaus, AM, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="47947A30C2038FED89022FEE770D6F6A">Baêta, Délio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="16DEBC4B999CD85F87A114F7BE58A90D">Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos da Universidade do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, R. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485 - 661, Vairão, Portugal. & Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Vertebrados, Museu Nacional, Quinta da Boa Vista, 20940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="99DEC79DC66CDBF947043B042C3B2D04">Amaro, Renata C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A0DC73E6CA922DCAF45AEEAFB12470A8">Programa de Pós Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508 - 900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 69067 - 375, Manaus, AM, Brazil. & amarorc @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CE9FA049DD538071407AC5B4BDB853C3">Martensen, Alexandre C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="51582F4029D0C0CBFB16945CD6C2AF9C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9017-7480</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C680B876ADC0680A0A8638B9CDAE53FD">Universidade Federal de São Carlos-Campus Lagoa do Sino, Centro de Ciências da Natureza, 18245 - 970, Buri, SP, Brazil. acmartensen @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9017 - 7480</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D22E0D9BF175630DD2F4BE3028C7B740" type="email">acmartensen@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E37485F2300DC44D06A672EFD7A4BB20">Pavan, Dante</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="948C9E374C9B25F5A842D4E2F66CA61C">Ecosfera Consultoria e Pesquisa em Meio Ambiente, 29714 - 000 Itapina, ES, Brazil. dtpavan @ yahoo. com. br</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="CCF98C65AAEE4AAA994DE86B93B863F1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4F9FB2A9F1A7A35B32670E95A5E198B4">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832858" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191976533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">
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<subSubSection id="C33565035F79FF94FF25462A4BB51882" box="[151,671,1399,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525" type="nomenclature">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F79FF94FF25462A4BB51882" ID-CoL="4GWLQ" authority="(Lutz, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[151,671,1399,1426]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="525" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F79FF94FF25462A4BB51882" bold="true" box="[151,671,1399,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F79FF94FF25462A4B2A1882" bold="true" box="[151,512,1399,1426]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F79FF94FDA246254BBD1882" author="Lutz, A." box="[528,663,1400,1426]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525" pagination="137 - 139" refId="ref10331" refString="Lutz, A. (1925) Batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus et Memoires Hebdomadaires des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et des ses Filiales, 93 (2), 137 - 139." type="journal article" year="1925">Lutz, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33565035F79FF90FF2546C14C2D1ACA" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="3" pageNumber="525" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9036885F79FF94FF2546C1483818A6" blockId="3.[151,671,1399,1462]" box="[151,274,1436,1462]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F79FF94FF2D46C1482318A6" box="[159,265,1436,1462]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,824,848]" captionStartId-1="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1436,179,798]" captionTargetBox-1="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId-0="figure-19@4.[151,1436,179,798]" captionTargetId-1="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetId-2="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Scale bar = 1.0 mm. Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832832" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5832832/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9036885F79FF94FF2546B94AAA1A52" blockId="3.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F79FF94FF2546B948DA18EE" bold="true" box="[151,496,1508,1534]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">Description of the specimen.</emphasis>
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Adult male (MZUSP 159234; field number DT 2969,
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<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F79FF94FBD546B94D9C18EE" box="[1127,1206,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,824,848]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,179,798]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,179,798]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Scale bar = 1.0 mm. Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832832/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F79FF94FB7446B94DFC18EE" box="[1222,1238,1508,1534]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">2</figureCitation>
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), collected by D. Pavan on
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<date id="FF9110485F79FF94FEB5455548CA1B32" box="[263,480,1544,1570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525" value="2011-12-04">04 December 2011</date>
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. Slender body; head wider than long (33% of SVL); snout acuminate in dorsal view, oblique in lateral view, internarial distance 55% of interorbital distance; nostrils lateral and slightly protuberant;
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F79FF94FF25450D487F1B7A" box="[151,341,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">canthus rostralis</emphasis>
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curved (concave); loreal region oblique; upper lip dermal fringe absent; interorbital region flat; eye large; palpebral membrane not reticulated; eye diameter 82% of interorbital distance; supratympanic fold well defined, extending posteroventrally to above insertion of arm; tympanum visible; tympanic membrane weakly differentiated from surrounding skin; tympanic annulus round, with its uppermost portion obscured by the supratympanic fold, tympanum diameter 47.5% of eye diameter, separated from eye by 21% of tympanum diameter; tongue cordiform, anteriorly attached; dentigerous process of vomer absent; choanae large and elliptical widely separated from each other; vocal sac single, subgular, not externally evident.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9036885F79FF94FF7544104BF31AE6" blockId="3.[151,1437,1508,2039]" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">
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Forearm more robust than upper arm; forearm length 80% of hand length; inner metacarpal tubercle single and elliptical; outer metacarpal tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles rounded; supernumerary tubercles absent; dermal folds smooth on postaxial margin of forearm; webbing formula: I 2
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F79FF94FC3644C94AA71AB2" attach="none" box="[900,909,1940,1954]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">+</superScript>
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–
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F79FF94FC1444C94AE21AB2" attach="left" box="[934,968,1940,1966]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">21/2</superScript>
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II 2 – 3
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F79FF94FB9044C94D001AB2" attach="right" box="[1058,1066,1940,1954]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">–</superScript>
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III
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F79FF94FBE144C94D5C1AB2" attach="left" box="[1107,1142,1940,1966]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="525">22/3</superScript>
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– 2 IV; finger length I <II <IV <III; adhesive discs rounded, more distinct in fingers III and IV; keratinized nuptial pad present at dorsal and preaxial surface of finger I, not extending ventrally.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF5066005F7EFF93FF25406549C01E88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832832" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832832/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" startId="4.[151,250,824,848]" targetBox="[152,1436,179,798]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF25406549C01E88" blockId="4.[151,1437,824,920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FF254065483E1E40" bold="true" box="[151,276,824,848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved adult male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7EFF93FC1C40654C4E1E40" authority="(Lutz, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[942,1380,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FC1C40654DF41E40" box="[942,1246,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7EFF93FB5E40644C771E40" author="Lutz, A." box="[1260,1373,824,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" pagination="137 - 139" refId="ref10331" refString="Lutz, A. (1925) Batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus et Memoires Hebdomadaires des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et des ses Filiales, 93 (2), 137 - 139." type="journal article" year="1925">Lutz, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Scale bar = 1.0 mm. Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF75409A4BB61985" blockId="4.[151,1437,966,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">
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Hind limbs robust; tibia length 51% of SVL; foot length 72.5% of tibia length; triangular calcar appendix present, slender and long, parallel with tarsus sagittal axis and occupying approximately half of tibio-tarsal articulation; smooth lateral fringes present on external face of tibia and feet, less developed at the toe V; inner metatarsal tubercle single and elliptical; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles single and rounded; supernumerary tubercles absent; webbing formula I 2
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F7EFF93FD9A470A4B1B1975" attach="left" box="[552,561,1111,1125]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">+</superScript>
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– 2 II 2
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F7EFF93FD22470A4BB21975" attach="none" box="[656,664,1111,1125]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">–</superScript>
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– 2
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F7EFF93FD70470A4BE11975" attach="left" box="[706,715,1111,1125]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">+</superScript>
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III 1
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<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F7EFF93FCB8470B4A341974" attach="none" box="[778,798,1110,1124]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">1/2</superScript>
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– 2 IV 2
|
||
<superScript id="7C5A9BC05F7EFF93FC33470A4AA31975" attach="left" box="[897,905,1111,1125]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">–</superScript>
|
||
– 1 V; toe length I <II <III <V <IV; adhesive discs rounded, more distinct on toes IV and V.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF7547C24C1E1811" blockId="4.[151,1437,966,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Skin on the dorsal surfaces of head, body and limbs smooth; skin on ventral surfaces smooth to areolate on throat, areolate in chest and belly and almost smooth with few areoles in the posterior region of thigh and arm; cloaca directed posteriorly above dorsal plane of thighs; osteoderms parotoid and dorsolateral glands absent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF7546564B701859" blockId="4.[151,1437,966,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FF7546564B6B1834" bold="true" box="[199,577,1290,1317]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Measurements of the specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
SVL 31.4; HL 10.5; HW 11.6; IN 2.7; IO 4.9; ED 4.0; EN 3.3; TD 1.9; FA 7.9; HA 9.9; TH 15.4; TL 16.0; FL 11.6.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF75460F49D81B9D" blockId="4.[151,1437,966,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FF75460F4865187C" bold="true" box="[199,335,1362,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Coloration.</emphasis>
|
||
The color in life for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7EFF93FDF3460E4BD7187D" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[577,765,1363,1389]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FDF3460E4BD7187D" box="[577,765,1363,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described based on a sketch (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7EFF93FB09460E4C49187D" author="Cochran, D. M." box="[1211,1379,1362,1389]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref8096" refString="Cochran, D. M. (1955) Frogs of Southeastern Brazil. Bulletin of United States National Museum, 206, 1 - 423. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.206.1" type="journal article" year="1955">Cochran, 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and recently redescribed with the aid of old photographs from an individual recorded in Santo André, state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7EFF93FA9E462A4CB61881" box="[1324,1436,1399,1425]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7EFF93FF2D46C6484A18A6" author="Baeta, D. & Giasson, L. O. M. & Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B." box="[159,352,1435,1462]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526" pagination="49 - 78" refId="ref7742" refString="Baeta, D., Giasson, L. O. M., Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2016) Review of the rare genus Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 (Anura: Phyllomedusidae), with description of a new species. Herpetological Monographs, 30 (1), 49 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 15 - 00009.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Baêta
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7EFF93FF5446C6483718A5" box="[230,285,1435,1461]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Here we complement the description of color in life variation for this species based on the newly recorded individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FE3B46E248FD18C9" box="[393,471,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FE5046E248D818C9" box="[482,498,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal surface of the head and body, lateral surface of head and loreal region bright green. Upper and lower lips grayish-white, often delimited above by a thin darker stripe. Grey bordered nostrils. Lateral surface of the body bright green up to its medial portion, abruptly changing to orange. A marbled black and white stripe borders this green color. Lateral surface of the body includes a thin pale orange stripe upon an areolate skin, ventrally changing to bright orange upon a smooth skin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FCE945124A811B79" box="[859,939,1615,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FC0A45124AE21B79" box="[952,968,1615,1641]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Throat, chest and abdomen pale yellow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FF12452E49CF1B9D" box="[160,229,1651,1677]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7EFF93FF7545CA4D151AE5" blockId="4.[151,1437,966,2037]" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">
|
||
In forelimbs, the bright green is present on the dorsal surface of the forearm, bordered by a marble black and white stripe that gradually changes to bright orange in the upper arm and forearm, reaching the finger IV. Remaining dorsal and ventral surfaces of hands pale orange; dorsal surfaces of the adhesive discs in fingers brownish-orange (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FF2D445E49DA1A0D" box="[159,240,1795,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FF4F445E48271A0D" box="[253,269,1795,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nuptial pad brown. On hindlimbs, bright green covers most of the dorsal surface of tibia and reaches the toe V. The bright green is bordered in feet by a marbled black and white stripe, which reaches the dorsal surfaces of toes IV and V and the adhesive disc of toe V. This marble stripe is gradually replaced by bright orange, which covers the remaining dorsal and ventral surfaces of thighs (along with sparse pale yellow over the areolate skin), ventral surface of tibia, and dorsal surface of feet. Dorsal surfaces of adhesive discs of toes brownish-orange. Ventral surface of feet, toes and adhesive discs of toes pale orange. The calcar retains part of the bright green from dorsal surfaces of tibia, but is marble in most of its dorsal and ventral surfaces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FC7444864D3F1AE5" box="[966,1045,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7EFF93FB9344864D1B1AE5" box="[1057,1073,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="526">3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5066005F7FFF92FF2546234DF218A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" startId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" targetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7FFF92FF2546234DF218A9" blockId="5.[151,1436,1406,1466]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FF25462348391886" bold="true" box="[151,275,1406,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7FFF92FC1046234C7E1886" authority="(Lutz, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[930,1364,1406,1430]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FC1046234DFA1886" box="[930,1232,1406,1430]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7FFF92FB6C46234C671886" author="Lutz, A." box="[1246,1357,1406,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" pagination="137 - 139" refId="ref10331" refString="Lutz, A. (1925) Batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus et Memoires Hebdomadaires des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et des ses Filiales, 93 (2), 137 - 139." type="journal article" year="1925">Lutz, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7FFF92FF7546B44BA91B82" blockId="5.[151,1437,1512,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">
|
||
Transparent eyelid, bordered by a thin grayish-white stripe. A black bordered eye with a black pupil, a bicolored iris (golden-yellow in its upper third and light-grey in the remaining lower portion), dark vermiculations and a diffuse dark stripe in the medial region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FDC0456D4BE81B5A" box="[626,706,1584,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1406,1430]" captionTargetBox="[169,1419,182,1381]" captionTargetId="figure-25@5.[168,1419,181,1381]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views of an adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in life, from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Photographs by D. Pavan." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832836" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832836/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FD7C456D4BF41B5A" box="[718,734,1584,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Newly metamorphosed individuals have a similar coloration pattern, except by an olive green color instead of bright green, and by less pronounced grey borders between the olive green and bright orange areas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FD8345254B5F1B82" box="[561,629,1656,1682]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7FFF92FF7545C048D31A56" blockId="5.[151,1437,1512,2043]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">
|
||
In preservative (based on the collected specimen after 10 years of its preservation), green colored areas became light blue, orange areas (at the limbs and the lateral surface of the body) became almost transparent cream, pale yellow areas (the venter and other parts with areolate skin) became creamy-white, as well as the marble stripe delimiting the division of green and orange colored areas; and the pale grey color at dorsal surfaces of hands and feet became greyish-purple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FE14447148C21A56" box="[422,488,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,824,848]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,179,798]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[151,1436,179,798]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the preserved adult male of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 159234; 31.4 mm SVL). Scale bar = 1.0 mm. Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7FFF91FF75440D4A811DE9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1512,2043]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,150,249]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FF75440D489A1A7A" bold="true" box="[199,432,1872,1898]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
The call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7FFF92FD8E440C4BD31A7A" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[572,761,1872,1898]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FD8E440C4BD31A7A" box="[572,761,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the new locality is composed by a single short note, followed by silence intervals with variable duration (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FD7144294A2D1A9E" box="[707,775,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,905,929]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,181,882]" captionTargetId="figure-25@7.[172,1414,181,882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Waveform (A) and spectrogram (B) of the advertisement call of an unvouchered individual of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832840/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Call duration is 0.03 ±
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7FFF92FBAB44294D711A9F" box="[1049,1115,1908,1935]" degrees="0.00" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" precision="555" value="-0.0">0.00 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FBD944284D531A9E" box="[1131,1145,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15 calls), and is emitted at a variable rate of 2.98 ± 1.66 calls/min (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FDCD44C44BA71AA2" box="[639,653,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">n</emphasis>
|
||
=
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D29FD015F7FFF92FD1F44C54A231AA3" box="[685,777,1944,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" type="male">5 males</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62F14E045F7FFF92FCAF44C44A741AA3" box="[797,862,1945,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Notes</collectingCounty>
|
||
are composed of highly fused pulses, the first one more evidently segregated from the others (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7FFF92FD3344E14BED1AC6" box="[641,711,1980,2006]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,905,929]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,181,882]" captionTargetId="figure-25@7.[172,1414,181,882]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Waveform (A) and spectrogram (B) of the advertisement call of an unvouchered individual of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832840/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF4ACF25F7FFF92FD6944E14A611AC6" box="[731,843,1980,2006]" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">Minimum</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
frequency ranges
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7FFF92FBA844E14D731AC7" box="[1050,1113,1980,2007]" degrees="1,236" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" precision="55" value="1.236">1,236</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7FFF92FBEB44E14D8C1AC7" box="[1113,1190,1980,2007]" degrees="1,538" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" precision="55" value="-1.538">–1,538</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7FFF92FB1F44E04DE41AC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7FFF92FB1F44E04DE41AC7" box="[1197,1230,1981,2007]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="Hz" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Hz</location>
|
||
(1,435 ± 86 Hz;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FA3C44E04CB61AC6" box="[1422,1436,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15 calls), peak frequency ranges
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7FFF92FDAF44BD4B701AEB" box="[541,602,2016,2043]" degrees="1,781" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" precision="55" value="1.781">1,781</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7FFF92FDE944BD4B801AEB" box="[603,682,2016,2043]" degrees="2,531" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" precision="55" value="-2.531">–2,531</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7FFF92FD0244BC4BFB1AEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7FFF92FD0244BC4BFB1AEB" box="[688,721,2017,2043]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="Hz" pageId="5" pageNumber="527" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Hz</location>
|
||
(2,118 ± 301 Hz;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7FFF92FC2E44BC4A801AEA" box="[924,938,2017,2042]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="527">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15 calls), and maximum frequency ranges
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7CFF91FF2543CB49FC1DA1" box="[151,214,150,177]" degrees="2,824" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" precision="55" value="2.824">2,824</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1B504F5F7CFF91FF6443CB48091DA1" box="[214,291,150,177]" degrees="3,257" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" precision="55" value="-3.257">–3,257</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7CFF91FE9E43CA48671DA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7CFF91FE9E43CA48671DA1" box="[300,333,151,177]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="Hz" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Hz</location>
|
||
(3,047 ± 109 Hz;
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FD9643CA4B181DA0" box="[548,562,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">n</emphasis>
|
||
= 15 calls).
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7CFF91FD7443CA4BD81DA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7CFF91FD7443CA4BD81DA1" box="[710,754,151,177]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="The" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">The</location>
|
||
recorded advertisement call is very similar to the call from
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7CFF91FF2543E6480F1DC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7CFF91FF2543E6480F1DC5" box="[151,293,187,213]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="Santo Andre" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Santo André</location>
|
||
, state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7CFF91FE3443E648DC1DC5" box="[390,502,187,213]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(recorded in 1963) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7CFF91FD6B43E64AB81DC5" author="Forti, L. R. & Haddad, C. F. B. & Leite, F. & Drummond, L. O. & Assis, C. & Crivellari, L. B. & Mello, C. M. & Garcia, P. C. A. & Zornosa-Torres, C. & Toledo, L. F." box="[729,914,187,213]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" pagination="7612" refId="ref9176" refString="Forti, L. R., Haddad, C. F. B., Leite, F., Drummond, L. O., Assis, C., Crivellari, L. B., Mello, C. M., Garcia, P. C. A., Zornosa-Torres, C. & Toledo, L. F. (2019) Notes on vocalizations of Brazilian amphibians IV: advertisement calls of 20 Atlantic Forest frog species. PeerJ, 7, e 7612. https: // doi. org / 10.7717 / peerj. 7612" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Forti
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FCAA43E64A651DC5" box="[792,847,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8EF060535F7CFF91FC1143E64AE51DC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879E5F79FF90FF25462A4C2D1ACA:8EF060535F7CFF91FC1143E64AE51DC5" box="[931,975,187,213]" county="Notes" latitude="2.824" longLatPrecision="78" longitude="-3.257" municipality="Minimum" name="The" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">The</location>
|
||
only subtle divergences are more evident note pulses, slightly higher maximum frequency, and a lower call rate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5066005F7CFF91FF25456F4BE51B82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" startId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" targetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7CFF91FF25456F4BE51B82" blockId="6.[151,1436,1586,1683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FF25456F483F1B5B" bold="true" box="[151,277,1586,1611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Unvouchered individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7CFF91FDF1456E4AD51B5B" authority="(Lutz, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[579,1023,1587,1611]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FDF1456E4A5E1B5B" box="[579,884,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7CFF91FC31456E4ADD1B5B" author="Lutz, A." box="[899,1015,1587,1611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" pagination="137 - 139" refId="ref10331" refString="Lutz, A. (1925) Batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus et Memoires Hebdomadaires des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et des ses Filiales, 93 (2), 137 - 139." type="journal article" year="1925">Lutz, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7CFF91FF75459C4B2B1AC7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1729,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FF75459C48C51BCB" bold="true" box="[199,495,1729,1755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7CFF91FE47459C4A6E1BCB" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[501,836,1729,1755]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FE47459C4A6E1BCB" box="[501,836,1729,1755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from four localities in montane forests of the Atlantic Plateau at southern Atlantic Forest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7CFF91FD6445B84AB11BEF" author="Baeta, D. & Giasson, L. O. M. & Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B." box="[726,923,1765,1791]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" pagination="49 - 78" refId="ref7742" refString="Baeta, D., Giasson, L. O. M., Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2016) Review of the rare genus Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 (Anura: Phyllomedusidae), with description of a new species. Herpetological Monographs, 30 (1), 49 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 15 - 00009.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Baêta
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FCAD45BB4A731BEF" box="[799,857,1765,1791]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7CFF91FC1545B84AC11A10" box="[935,1003,1765,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1416,1440]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Known localities of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) at southern Brazil (red symbols) upon an elevation background, and the regional landscape characteristics in a 10 km buffer around each locality (data from 2019; MapBiomas 2020). Landscape classes are detailed in the inset legend. The square represent the new locality, in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo; the dotted circle represent the type locality, in São Bento do Sul, state of Santa Catarina, and the hollow circles represent additional localities, in Lauro Müller, state of Santa Catarina and Santo André, state of São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832844/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). These localities are within the limits of the municipalities of São Bento do Sul (
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882A5F7CFF91FDC644544B8C1A33" box="[628,678,1801,1827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) and Lauro Müller in the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7CFF91FBC944544C081A33" box="[1147,1314,1801,1827]" country="Brazil" name="Santa Catarina" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Santa Catarina</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and Santo André in the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7CFF91FE33447048DE1A57" box="[385,500,1837,1863]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Our new record represents the second known locality for the species’ occurrence in the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7CFF91FEA5440C48A11A7B" box="[279,395,1873,1899]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
, also filling a range gap (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7CFF91FD10440C4BCC1A7C" box="[674,742,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1416,1440]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Known localities of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) at southern Brazil (red symbols) upon an elevation background, and the regional landscape characteristics in a 10 km buffer around each locality (data from 2019; MapBiomas 2020). Landscape classes are detailed in the inset legend. The square represent the new locality, in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo; the dotted circle represent the type locality, in São Bento do Sul, state of Santa Catarina, and the hollow circles represent additional localities, in Lauro Müller, state of Santa Catarina and Santo André, state of São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832844/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). This locality is ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD79B6D5F7CFF91FC7F440C4D0B1A7B" box="[973,1057,1873,1900]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" unit="km" value="250.0">250 km</quantity>
|
||
northwards from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882A5F7CFF91FAA3440C4C6B1A7B" box="[1297,1345,1873,1899]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD79B6D5F7CFF91FF5C442848691A9F" box="[238,323,1909,1935]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" unit="km" value="200.0">200 km</quantity>
|
||
southwards from the first record in the state of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86A5F7CFF91FCEE44284AE71A9F" box="[860,973,1909,1935]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7CFF91FC6F44284D081A80" box="[989,1058,1909,1936]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1416,1440]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Known localities of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) at southern Brazil (red symbols) upon an elevation background, and the regional landscape characteristics in a 10 km buffer around each locality (data from 2019; MapBiomas 2020). Landscape classes are detailed in the inset legend. The square represent the new locality, in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo; the dotted circle represent the type locality, in São Bento do Sul, state of Santa Catarina, and the hollow circles represent additional localities, in Lauro Müller, state of Santa Catarina and Santo André, state of São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832844/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is noteworthy that the species has not been recorded since
|
||
<quantity id="4CD79B6D5F7CFF91FE6144C44B441AA3" box="[467,622,1945,1971]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.94538" metricValueMax="5.0038" metricValueMin="4.88696" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" unit="in" value="1947.0" valueMax="1970.0" valueMin="1924.0">1924–1970 in</quantity>
|
||
the other three localities, despite being extensively inventoried (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7CFF91FA8C44C4483B1AC7" author="Verdade, V. K. & Rodrigues, M. T. & Pavan, D." pageId="6" pageNumber="528" pagination="579 - 604" refId="ref11631" refString="Verdade, V. K., Rodrigues, M. T. & Pavan, D. (2009) Anfibios anuros da regiao da Estacao Biologica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba. In: Lopes, M. I. M. S, Kirizawa, M. & Melo, M. M. R. F. (Eds.), Patrimonio da Reserva Biologica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba. A antiga Estacao Biologica do Alto da Serra. Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, pp. 579 - 604." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Verdade
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FF2544E349E51AC7" box="[151,207,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7CFF91FEAE44E048DC1AC7" author="Trevine, V. & Forlani, M. C. & Haddad, C. F. B. & Zaher, H." box="[284,502,1981,2007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="528" pagination="126 - 146" refId="ref11515" refString="Trevine, V., Forlani, M. C., Haddad, C. F. B. & Zaher, H. (2014) Herpetofauna of Paranapiacaba: expanding our knowledge on a historical region in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil. Zoologia, 31 (2), 126 - 146. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1984 - 46702014000200004" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Trevine
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7CFF91FEC844E348981AC7" box="[378,434,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5066005F7DFF90FF2540D44A581ED6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832840" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5832840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832840/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" startId="7.[151,250,905,929]" targetBox="[172,1414,181,882]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7DFF90FF2540D44A581ED6" blockId="7.[151,1436,905,966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF2540D448391EB1" bold="true" box="[151,275,905,929]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Waveform (A) and spectrogram (B) of the advertisement call of an unvouchered individual of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FB6E40D748B91ED5" authority="(Lutz, 1925)" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FB6E40D748251ED6" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Phrynomedusa appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FEAE40F348A71ED5" author="Lutz, A." box="[284,397,941,966]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="137 - 139" refId="ref10331" refString="Lutz, A. (1925) Batraciens du Bresil. Comptes Rendus et Memoires Hebdomadaires des Seances de la Societe de Biologie et des ses Filiales, 93 (2), 137 - 139." type="journal article" year="1925">Lutz, 1925</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7DFF90FF7540A949C8188A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1012,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF7540A948AE191E" bold="true" box="[199,388,1012,1038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Despite the diurnal and nocturnal sampling effort in distinct habitats of the regional landscape, we only recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FED247444B311922" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[352,539,1048,1074]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FED247444B311922" box="[352,539,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
during night surveys and in a single collecting site. The species was recorded in this locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FE99476148511947" box="[299,379,1084,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1416,1440]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[151,1437,202,1352]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Known localities of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) at southern Brazil (red symbols) upon an elevation background, and the regional landscape characteristics in a 10 km buffer around each locality (data from 2019; MapBiomas 2020). Landscape classes are detailed in the inset legend. The square represent the new locality, in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo; the dotted circle represent the type locality, in São Bento do Sul, state of Santa Catarina, and the hollow circles represent additional localities, in Lauro Müller, state of Santa Catarina and Santo André, state of São Paulo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832844" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832844/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FE3A476148BD1947" box="[392,407,1084,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1382,1406]" captionTargetBox="[149,1439,440,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-129@9.[149,1439,417,1359]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitat of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Panoramic view of highland pristine Atlantic Forest (A), a blackwater pond where breeding individuals were recorded (B); and an individual (indicated by the arrow) perched on branches above this pond (C). Photographs by D. Pavan (A) and D.L. Ingui (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832846/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">6</figureCitation>
|
||
) during three distinct days, on
|
||
<date id="FF9110485F7DFF90FD4547614AE61946" box="[759,972,1084,1110]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" value="2011-12-04">04 December 2011</date>
|
||
at ca. 22:00 h, on
|
||
<date id="FF9110485F7DFF90FB2D47614C731946" box="[1183,1369,1084,1110]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" value="2012-01-24">24 January 2012</date>
|
||
at ca. 23:00 h, and on
|
||
<date id="FF9110485F7DFF90FEF9473D4B29196A" box="[331,515,1120,1147]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" value="2012-01-25">25 January 2012</date>
|
||
at ca. 01:00 h. In late January (rainy season), individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FB16473C4C75196A" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1188,1375,1120,1146]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FB16473C4C75196A" box="[1188,1375,1120,1146]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were recorded in breeding activity, based on males emitting advertisement calls and newly metamorphosed individuals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FF1247F549CC19D2" box="[160,230,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). The species was breeding in two near black-water ponds, part of oxbow lakes of an adjacent river (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FADD47F5499019F7" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1382,1406]" captionTargetBox="[149,1439,440,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-129@9.[149,1439,417,1359]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitat of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Panoramic view of highland pristine Atlantic Forest (A), a blackwater pond where breeding individuals were recorded (B); and an individual (indicated by the arrow) perched on branches above this pond (C). Photographs by D. Pavan (A) and D.L. Ingui (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832846/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
||
), corroborating the known habitat condition for breeding events of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FC7447914DE219F6" box="[966,1224,1228,1254]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FC7447914D4419F6" box="[966,1134,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Phrynomedusa</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FB6B479149F8181B" author="Haddad, C. F. B. & Prado, C." pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref9777" refString="Haddad, C. F. B. & Prado, C. (2005) Reproductive modes in frogs and their unexpected diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. BioScience, 55 (3), 207 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2005) 055 [0207: RMIFAT] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2005">Haddad & Prado 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FF6D47AD48F8181A" author="Faivovich, J. & Haddad, C. F. B. & Baeta, D. & Jungfer, K. H. & Alvares, G. F. R. & Brandao, R. A. & Sheil, C. A. & Barrientos, L. S. & Amoros, C. L. & Cruz, C. A. G. & Wheeler, W. C." box="[223,466,1264,1290]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="227 - 261" refId="ref8901" refString="Faivovich, J., Haddad, C. F. B., Baeta, D., Jungfer, K. H., Alvares, G. F. R., Brandao, R. A., Sheil, C. A., Barrientos, L. S., Barrio- Amoros, C. L., Cruz, C. A. G. & Wheeler, W. C. (2010) The phylogenetic relationships of the charismatic poster frogs, Phyllomedusinae (Anura, Hylidae). Cladistics, 26 (3), 227 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2009.00287. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Faivovich
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FEE547AC48BA181A" box="[343,400,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FE6C47AD4B89181B" author="Baeta, D. & Giasson, L. O. M. & Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B." box="[478,675,1264,1291]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="49 - 78" refId="ref7742" refString="Baeta, D., Giasson, L. O. M., Pombal Jr., J. O. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2016) Review of the rare genus Phrynomedusa Miranda-Ribeiro, 1923 (Anura: Phyllomedusidae), with description of a new species. Herpetological Monographs, 30 (1), 49 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 15 - 00009.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Baêta
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FD9747AC4B74181A" box="[549,606,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). About
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D29FD015F7DFF90FCB047AD4A74181A" box="[770,862,1264,1290]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" type="adult">10 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FBBB47AC4DEF181A" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1033,1221,1264,1290]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FBBB47AC4DEF181A" box="[1033,1221,1264,1290]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were assembled at this breeding event based on direct observations and vocalizations. Individuals were spotted perched at leaf petioles, herbaceous vegetation, and thin branches of understory trees, always near or above the water (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FB0946654C1F1842" box="[1211,1333,1336,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1586,1610]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,274,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-71@6.[166,1421,273,1563]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Unvouchered individuals of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925), recorded in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil, including adult males (A–D), a detailed view of the calcar (D) from the male in (C, D), and a newly metamorphosed individual (F). Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832838/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FAF046654C4C1843" box="[1346,1382,1336,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1382,1406]" captionTargetBox="[149,1439,440,1359]" captionTargetId="figure-129@9.[149,1439,417,1359]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Habitat of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) in Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Panoramic view of highland pristine Atlantic Forest (A), a blackwater pond where breeding individuals were recorded (B); and an individual (indicated by the arrow) perched on branches above this pond (C). Photographs by D. Pavan (A) and D.L. Ingui (B, C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832846" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832846/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). No egg-clutch and tadpole were observed. The species was not recorded in lentic rivulets with clean water near these ponds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7DFF90FF7546F948601BCF" blockId="7.[151,1437,1012,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">
|
||
Regarding antipredator mechanisms (following the classification system of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FBAF46F94DD118AE" author="Ferreira, R. B. & Lourenco-de-Moraes, R. & Zocca, C. & Duca, C. & Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D." box="[1053,1275,1444,1470]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="69" refId="ref9026" refString="Ferreira, R. B., Lourenco-de-Moraes, R., Zocca, C., Duca, C., Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D. (2019) Antipredator mechanisms of post-metamorphic anurans: a global database and classification system. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 73, 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00265 - 019 - 2680 - 1" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Ferreira
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FBCC46F84D9D18AE" box="[1150,1207,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we observed that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FF75469448AB18F2" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[199,385,1480,1506]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF75469448AB18F2" box="[199,385,1480,1506]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
avoid detection through a combination of camouflage (background matching with vegetation), immobility and call interruption. To prevent attack, the species performed a series of mechanisms widely employed by phyllomedusids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FEC8454D4B7D1B3A" author="Ferreira, R. B. & Lourenco-de-Moraes, R. & Zocca, C. & Duca, C. & Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D." box="[378,599,1552,1578]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="69" refId="ref9026" refString="Ferreira, R. B., Lourenco-de-Moraes, R., Zocca, C., Duca, C., Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D. (2019) Antipredator mechanisms of post-metamorphic anurans: a global database and classification system. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 73, 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00265 - 019 - 2680 - 1" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Ferreira
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FE69454C4B391B3A" box="[475,531,1552,1578]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): showed hidden orange coloration (supposedly aposematic) in movement; retreated when disturbed, hiding the orange parts of the body (contraction posture); or escaped, by climbing or jumping away (in most cases). Besides the secretory products of cutaneous glands (usual for amphibians;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FAF64505483F1B86" author="Ferreira, R. B. & Lourenco-de-Moraes, R. & Zocca, C. & Duca, C. & Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D." pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="69" refId="ref9026" refString="Ferreira, R. B., Lourenco-de-Moraes, R., Zocca, C., Duca, C., Beard, K. H. & Brodie Jr., E. D. (2019) Antipredator mechanisms of post-metamorphic anurans: a global database and classification system. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 73, 69. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00265 - 019 - 2680 - 1" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Ferreira
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF25452049FB1B86" box="[151,209,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), no additional counterattack mechanism were noted. Other syntopic breeding species included
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FAE1452048FE1BAA" authority="(Boulenger, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Boana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bischoffi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FAE1452049DD1BAA" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Boana bischoffi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FEB845FD48E61BAA" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[266,460,1696,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="295 - 300" refId="ref7974" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1887) Descriptions of new or little-known South-American frogs of the genera Paludicola and Hyla. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 20, 295 - 300. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938709460058" type="journal article" year="1887">Boulenger, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FE5145FD4A9E1BAB" authority="(Mertens, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Mertens" baseAuthorityYear="1950" box="[483,948,1696,1723]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Dendropsophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giesleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FE5145FD4BDB1BAA" box="[483,753,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Dendropsophus giesleri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FCB145FD4A811BAB" author="Mertens, R." box="[771,939,1696,1723]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="173 - 188" refId="ref10494" refString="Mertens, R. (1950) Froschlurche aus Rio de Janeiro und seiner Umgebung. Wochenschrift fur Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde. Braunschweig, 44, 173 - 188." type="journal article" year="1950">Mertens, 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FC4345FD486F1BCF" authority="(Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856)" baseAuthorityName="Lichtenstein & Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Leptodactylidae" genus="Physalaemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olfersii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FC4345FD4DF41BAA" box="[1009,1246,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Physalaemus olfersii</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FB4245FD48171BCF" author="Lichtenstein, H. & Martens, E." pageId="7" pageNumber="529" refId="ref10084" refString="Lichtenstein, H. & Martens, E. (1856) Nomenclator Reptilium et Amphibiorum Musei Zoologici Berolinensis. Namenverziechniss der in der zoologischen Sammlung der Koniglichen Universitat zu Berlin aufgestellten Arten von Reptilien und Amphibien nach ihren Ordnungen, Familien und Gattungen. Berlin, 48 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 45245" type="book" year="1856">Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9036885F7DFF90FF7545B54C2D1ACA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1012,2010]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF7545B54BF61A12" bold="true" box="[199,732,1768,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Molecular-based phylogenetic relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
Our phylogenetic inference mirrored the results of previous phylogenies (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FED344514B051A36" author="Wiens, J. J. & Graham, C. H. & Moen, D. S. & Smith, S. A. & Reeder, T. W." box="[353,559,1804,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="579 - 596" refId="ref11832" refString="Wiens, J. J., Graham, C. H., Moen, D. S., Smith, S. A. & Reeder, T. W. (2006) Evolutionary and ecological causes of the latitudinal diversity gradient in hylid frogs: treefrog trees unearth the roots of high tropical diversity. The American Naturalist, 168 (5), 579 - 596. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 507882" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Wiens
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FE03445048C11A36" box="[433,491,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FD8E44514A1E1A36" author="Faivovich, J. & Haddad, C. F. B. & Baeta, D. & Jungfer, K. H. & Alvares, G. F. R. & Brandao, R. A. & Sheil, C. A. & Barrientos, L. S. & Amoros, C. L. & Cruz, C. A. G. & Wheeler, W. C." box="[572,820,1804,1830]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="227 - 261" refId="ref8901" refString="Faivovich, J., Haddad, C. F. B., Baeta, D., Jungfer, K. H., Alvares, G. F. R., Brandao, R. A., Sheil, C. A., Barrientos, L. S., Barrio- Amoros, C. L., Cruz, C. A. G. & Wheeler, W. C. (2010) The phylogenetic relationships of the charismatic poster frogs, Phyllomedusinae (Anura, Hylidae). Cladistics, 26 (3), 227 - 261. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2009.00287. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Faivovich
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FD0744504BC51A36" box="[693,751,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B795F7DFF90FCF244514D1E1A37" author="Duellman, W. E. & Marion, A. B. & Hedges, S. B." box="[832,1076,1804,1831]" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref8677" refString="Duellman, W. E., Marion, A. B. & Hedges, S. B. (2016) Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae). Zootaxa, 4104 (1), 1 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4104.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
||
Duellman
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FC0A44504AC11A36" box="[952,1003,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) by evidencing a monophyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FF25446D48151A5A" authorityName="Miranda-Ribeiro" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,319,1840,1866]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF25446D48151A5A" box="[151,319,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Phrynomedusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as an early divergent lineage within the phyllomedusid radiation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FBA8446D4D771A5A" box="[1050,1117,1840,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,181,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[290,1297,181,1830]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phylogenetic tree of Phyllomedusidae inferred under Parsimony criterion, based on the variation of four loci (two mitochondrial DNA, 12S and 16S, and two nuclear DNA, Rag1 and Rhod). Nodal support values (Jackknife) are shown below branches, and outgroups were omitted.The generic placement and evolutionary distinctiveness of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) (in bold) was corroborated, based on a newly collected sample from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Photos by L.J.C.L. Moraes, except for P. dryade (C.F.B. Haddad), and A. spurelli (S. Ron; BioWeb Ecuador, https://bioweb.bio)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832850/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). The generic placement and evolutionary distinctiveness of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FE4444084B981A7E" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[502,690,1876,1902]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FE4444084B981A7E" box="[502,690,1876,1902]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was corroborated, as the species is recovered with high support as sister to the clade
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FED144244B541A82" box="[355,638,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FED1442448D91A82" baseAuthorityName="Izecksohn & Cruz" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[355,499,1913,1938]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginata">P. marginata</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FDA644244B541A82" authorityName="Baeta, Giasson, Pombal, & Haddad" authorityYear="2016" box="[532,638,1912,1938]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dryade">P. dryade</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13142A0D5F7DFF90FD3C44254BF81A82" box="[654,722,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,181,1830]" captionTargetId="figure-25@11.[290,1297,181,1830]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7. Phylogenetic tree of Phyllomedusidae inferred under Parsimony criterion, based on the variation of four loci (two mitochondrial DNA, 12S and 16S, and two nuclear DNA, Rag1 and Rhod). Nodal support values (Jackknife) are shown below branches, and outgroups were omitted.The generic placement and evolutionary distinctiveness of Phrynomedusa appendiculata (Lutz, 1925) (in bold) was corroborated, based on a newly collected sample from Capão Bonito, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Photos by L.J.C.L. Moraes, except for P. dryade (C.F.B. Haddad), and A. spurelli (S. Ron; BioWeb Ecuador, https://bioweb.bio)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5832850" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5832850/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Genetic distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FBAB44244DFF1A82" baseAuthorityName="Lutz" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1049,1237,1912,1938]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="appendiculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FBAB44244DFF1A82" box="[1049,1237,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. appendiculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FABF44244CB71A82" baseAuthorityName="Izecksohn & Cruz" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1293,1437,1913,1938]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FABF44244CB71A82" box="[1293,1437,1913,1938]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FF1D44C048301AA6" authorityName="Baeta, Giasson, Pombal, & Haddad" authorityYear="2016" box="[175,282,1948,1974]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dryade">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF1D44C048301AA6" box="[175,282,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. dryade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade range from 8.9–9.1% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FDD544C14BBB1AA6" box="[615,657,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">12S</emphasis>
|
||
), 8.0% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FD4444C14A0A1AA6" box="[758,800,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">16S</emphasis>
|
||
), 1.7% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FC3644C14A951AA6" box="[900,959,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Rag1</emphasis>
|
||
) and 1.3% (
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FBFF44C14DA21AA6" box="[1101,1160,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">Rhod</emphasis>
|
||
), while genetic distance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FF49449C48A11ACA" baseAuthorityName="Izecksohn & Cruz" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[251,395,1985,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FF49449C48A11ACA" box="[251,395,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FE73449C4B011ACA" authorityName="Baeta, Giasson, Pombal, & Haddad" authorityYear="2016" box="[449,555,1984,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dryade">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FE73449C4B011ACA" box="[449,555,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. dryade</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reached 3.0% at the single locus sampled for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0B5F7DFF90FB9F449C4D961ACA" baseAuthorityName="Izecksohn & Cruz" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[1069,1212,1985,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Phyllomedusidae" genus="Phrynomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="529" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marginata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FB9F449C4D961ACA" box="[1069,1212,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">P. marginata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9A5F7DFF90FB7E449D4DDD1ACA" box="[1228,1271,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="529">12S</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |