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<document id="87EE16F567F2A1EA857ABAD134258D2C" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.015" ID-ISSN="1727-9321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496693" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1705063527863" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Bergh, N. G. &amp; Manning, J. C." docDate="2019" docId="03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6" docLanguage="en" docName="SAfrJBot.125.434-456.pdf" docOrigin="South African Journal of Botany 125" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.015" docStyle="DocumentStyle:AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4.1:SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="AD72C92759D651943977BAEA6E2218B4" docStyleName="SAfrJBot.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Achyranthemum recurvatum N.G.Bergh, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="448" masterDocId="FFDA943CB03D1714FFA6C52CEA51CF0C" masterDocTitle="Achyranthemum N. G. Bergh, a new genus segregated from Syncarpha DC. (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) *" masterLastPageNumber="456" masterPageNumber="434" pageNumber="446" updateTime="1706017119964" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:title id="208DC88B06F550F419ECBB1AD6AAEAF3">Achyranthemum N. G. Bergh, a new genus segregated from Syncarpha DC. (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) *</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="8AEEAE4C698492B434D5C6C3610BE0D7">South African Journal of Botany</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<heading id="D0BDEA3EB0311718FFFCC6EFEB31CB6F" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FFFCC6EFEB31CB6F" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FFFCC6EFE8A9CCDB" box="[90,760,963,983]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FFFCC6EFE8A9CCDB" blockId="12.[90,760,963,1123]" box="[90,760,963,983]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
4.3.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FF37C6EFEBE3CCDB" ID-CoL="995P" authority="(L.f.) N.G.Bergh" authorityName="N.G.Bergh" baseAuthorityName="L.f." box="[145,434,963,983]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Achyranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">Achyranthemum recurvatum</taxonomicName>
(L.f.) N.G.Bergh,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D3C3BB0311718FD24C6EFE8A9CCDB" box="[642,760,963,983]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FFFCC6F3E8ECCB27" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FFFCC6F3E8ECCB27" blockId="12.[90,760,963,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FFFCC6F3EB04CCFF" authority="L.f." box="[90,341,991,1011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">Xeranthemum recurvatum</taxonomicName>
L.f.,
<bibCitation id="5E60553EB0311718FE27C6F3E803CCFF" box="[385,594,991,1011]" page="366" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" score="0.2594558430405583" volumeTitle="Suppl. Pl." year="1782">Suppl. Pl.: 366 (1782)</bibCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FDFBC6F3E882CCFF" baseAuthorityName="Harvey" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[605,723,991,1011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Helichrysum</taxonomicName>
(as Elichrysum)
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FF7AC6D7EB1BCB03" authority="(L.f.) Willd." box="[220,330,1019,1039]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">recurvatum</taxonomicName>
(L.f.) Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 3(3): 1906 (1803).
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FFFCC13BEB4ECB27" authority="(L.f.) B.Nord." box="[90,287,1047,1067]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Syncarpha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvata">Syncarpha recurvata</taxonomicName>
(L.f.)
<bibCitation id="5E60553EB0311718FEF8C13BE8E9CB27" author="B. Nord." box="[350,696,1047,1067]" journal="Comp. Newsl." page="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" score="0.002983313392518313" volume="17" year="1989">
B.Nord.,
<bibCitation id="5E60553EB0311718FE16C13BE8E9CB27" box="[432,696,1047,1067]" journal="Comp. Newsl." page="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" score="0.002983313392518313" volume="17" year="1989">Comp. Newsl. 17: 6 (1989)</bibCitation>
</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FD62C13BEB31CB6F" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FD62C13BEB31CB6F" blockId="12.[90,760,963,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FD62C13BEB31CB6F" collectionCode="LINN" country="South Africa" location="Cape of Good Hope" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cape of Good Hope" typeStatus="holotype">
Type:
<collectingCountry id="F35D1DC2B0311718FFFCC11FEA99CB4B" box="[90,200,1075,1095]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E93B0B0311718FF76C11FEB2BCB4B" box="[208,378,1075,1095]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Cape of Good Hope</collectingRegion>
, without date or locality, Herb. Bäck (
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990.25,
<typeStatus id="54F1E3F0B0311718FF04C163EA9ACB6F" box="[162,203,1103,1123]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">holo</typeStatus>
.digital image!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</emphasis>
</heading>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FFDCC1A4EBFAC858" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FFDCC1A4EBFAC858" blockId="12.[90,760,1160,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
Low, tangled shrublet to about
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FE66C1A4EBAACB97" box="[448,507,1160,1179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="m" value="0.4">0.4 m</quantity>
, branches often trailing, decumbent, forming loose mats, slender, woody, leafless below; young branches densely white-felted, glabrescent.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FDCCC192E8FBCBDE" box="[618,682,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Leaves</emphasis>
closely alternate-decussate, sessile and slightly decurrent, stiff and recurved, strongly conduplicate, linear to lanceolate, 1033 × 3.0
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FF05C03FEAA9CA2B" box="[163,248,1299,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, pungent, apical mucro ±
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FD86C03FE824CA2B" box="[544,629,1299,1319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
long; firm-textured, abaxial surface with very long (
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FE5AC003E800CA4E" box="[508,593,1327,1346]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">23 mm</quantity>
or longer) stout silvery-white arachnoid hairs that cohere to form a a thick, longitudinally oriented irregularly reticulating lattice-like sheath, ends of hairs projecting from margins in silky clumps, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely arachnoid.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FEDDC0B1EB9ACABD" box="[379,459,1437,1457]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Capitula</emphasis>
terminal, solitary, depressed-globose,
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FF12C097EB73CAC2" box="[180,290,1467,1486]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">1214 mm</quantity>
long and (10)1215(18) mm wide, usually distinctly pedunculate, peduncles robust, straight,
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FDF9C0FAE8EECAE6" box="[607,703,1494,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="5.0">535 mm</quantity>
long, densely pale-grey felted and bearing one or a few widely spaced, narrow, involucre-like bracteoles; involucral bracts ±70, in ±12 series, outer erect, lanceolate, acute, 7 ×
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FE16C306EBBDC931" box="[432,492,1578,1597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
, stereome small, greenish, bearing white hairs, lamina smooth and dirty-white, middle series erect, subspathulate with acute to obtuse apex, 11 ×
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FDFCC34EE8C5C979" box="[602,660,1634,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
, stereome as in outer bracts, lamina white tinged rose-pink, innermost series erect to cucculate, obovate with obtuse apex, 57 ×
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FDC0C3B6E8E5C9A1" box="[614,692,1690,1709]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, white tinged pink.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FF72C398EB42C9C4" box="[212,275,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Florets</emphasis>
±60 to 75, yellow, 5.5 ×
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FDAAC39AE809C9C5" box="[524,600,1718,1737]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
, lobes erect; anther apical appendage caudiculate.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FE09C3FCE850C9E8" box="[431,513,1744,1764]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Cypselae</emphasis>
ovoid, 3.0 ×
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FDDDC3FDE897C9E9" box="[635,710,1745,1765]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, pale brown.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FF03C3C0EAB8C80C" box="[165,233,1772,1792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Pappus</emphasis>
bristles nude at the base where they are united into a smooth ring, otherwise barbellate, apices slender, acute.
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FD3EC224EADAC834" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Flowering time:</emphasis>
mainly OctoberNovember, but plants can be found in flower in April and other months (
<figureCitation id="137141D7B0311718FECFC26DEBCCC858" box="[361,413,1857,1876]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[240,265,1842,1856]" captionTargetBox="[349,1262,142,1757]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[349,1262,142,1758]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 5. Achyranthemum recurvatum. A.Habit.B. Leaves. C. Capitulum.D.Leaf indumentum (Haiden 6, NBG).E. Distribution.All photographs N.G. Bergh." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496705/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FFDCC270EF42CFC6" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FFDCC270EF42CFC6" blockId="12.[90,760,1160,1988]" lastBlockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FFDCC270EB38C87C" box="[122,361,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
Highly localised endemic of the
<collectingRegion id="498E93B0B0311718FD08C271EAD8C880" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
from Hankey to Alexandria, restricted to low-lying areas (from sea level up to
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FF41C2B9EB72C8A4" box="[231,291,1941,1960]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
altitude in the Bontveld, a highly restricted vegetation
<typeStatus id="54F1E3F0B0311718FF3BC29DEA99C8C8" box="[157,200,1969,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">type</typeStatus>
that covers only
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FE26C29CEB9CC8C8" box="[384,461,1968,1988]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C3FF01AB0311718FE68C281EB86C8B5" attach="left" box="[462,471,1965,1977]" fontSize="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">2</superScript>
and consists of a mosaic of bushclumps and grassveld. Within the Bontveld,
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FB5CC5B6EF2DCFA2" box="[1274,1404,154,174]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB5CC5B6EF2DCFA2" box="[1274,1404,154,174]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A. recurvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is confined to shallow calcareous sands on calcrete ridges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FCE2C5FEE98ECECA" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FCE2C5FEE98ECECA" blockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FCE2C5FEE9F3CFEA" box="[836,930,210,230]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
A highly distinctive species, the only one in the genus with strictly solitary capitula. The relatively small, stiff leaves are strongly recurved, with the adaxial surface ±glabrous while the abaxial surface is covered with long matted hairs, clumps of these hairs projecting from the margins like soft, curled spines. The indumentum appears as a surface layer of silvery tissue that has been reticulately disrupted, and due to clumping the individual hairs are not discernable. In this feature, the leaf indumentum in
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FBA0C4B9EED4CEA5" box="[1030,1157,405,425]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FBA0C4B9EED4CEA5" box="[1030,1157,405,425]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A. recurvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FA9CC4B9EF93CEA5" box="[1338,1474,405,425]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Achyranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FA9CC4B9EF93CEA5" box="[1338,1474,405,425]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A.paniculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FCE8C49DE98BCEC9" box="[846,986,433,453]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Gnaphalium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mucronatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FCE8C49DE98BCEC9" box="[846,986,433,453]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A. mucronatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FCE2C4E2EE0ACD84" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FCE2C4E2EE0ACD84" blockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
This is the most morphologically uniform species in the genus. The solitary capitula, usually on long straight peduncles, with pink-tinged involucres, together with the small, recurved leaves, are diagnostic.
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FC83C70DEE6ECD39" box="[805,1087,545,565]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Achyranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C70DEE6ECD39" box="[805,1087,545,565]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Achyranthemum recurvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might be confused with forms of
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FC83C711E9CECD5D" box="[805,927,573,593]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sordescens">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C711E9CECD5D" box="[805,927,573,593]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A. sordescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC0FC711E9A5CD5D" box="[937,1012,573,593]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
A. af
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC74C712E98FCD5D" bold="true" box="[978,990,574,593]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">fi</emphasis>
ne
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FB82C711EECECD5D" authorityName="Thunb. (Thunberg" authorityYear="1800" baseAuthorityName="Thunb." box="[1060,1183,573,593]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argenteum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB82C711EECECD5D" box="[1060,1183,573,593]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">A. argenteum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with recurved leaves, but can be distinguished by the leaf indumentum and capitulum characters (see under species descriptions).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FCE2C7BCEF6BCCDB" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FCE2C7BCEF6BCCDB" blockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FCE2C7BCEE55CDA8" box="[836,1028,656,676]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Conservation status:</emphasis>
This species is listed as Endangered (www. redlist.sanbi.org accessed
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FB8EC781EEFBCDCC" box="[1064,1194,685,704]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2018-08">August 2018</date>
). At the time of assessment, eight severely fragmented subpopulations were thought to remain, and these were in decline due to cement mining, urban expansion and alien plant invasion. Exploitation as everlasting cut flowers may also pose a threat in populations that are easily accessible. The plant is rarely collected, being confined to a rare habitat that has come under threat due to habitat transformation, such as the development of the Coega Industrial Zone. A study by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB20A3B0311718FAAEC65DEFDDCC8F" author="Swart, P. A." box="[1288,1420,880,900]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" refId="ref27915" refString="Swart, P. A., 2006. Horticultural Propagation of the Threatened Species, Syncarpha recurvata (L. f.) B. Nord. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (MSc thesis)." type="book" year="2006">Swart (2006)</bibRefCitation>
indicated that only four populations remained. Conservation through relocation is the focus of ongoing studies by E. E.Campbell and students at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B0311718FCE2C6F3EF91CB4B" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311718FCE2C6F3EF91CB4B" blockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FCE2C6F3EEDCCCFF" box="[836,1165,991,1011]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
History:
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0311718FC33C6F3EEDCCCFF" box="[917,1165,991,1011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">Xeranthemum recurvatum</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was described by Linnaeus f. in 1781 based on an unlocalised specimen in the collection of Abraham Bäck (17131795), Swedish physician and close friend of Carl Linnaeus snr. The identity of the species is clear-cut and there are no synonyms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3500ED9B031171AFCE2C163EAB2CFC6" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="448" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0311719FCE2C163E84DC807" blockId="12.[805,1475,154,1988]" lastBlockId="13.[349,540,1775,1803]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="447" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FCE2C163EE01CB6F" box="[836,1104,1103,1123]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Additional specimens seen:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBFBC17CEF54CB73" collectionCode="DD" country="South Africa" county="Steytlerville" location="Humansdorp" municipality="Hankey" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
<collectingCountry id="F35D1DC2B0311718FBFBC17CEE8FCB6F" box="[1117,1246,1104,1123]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">South Africa</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="498E93B0B0311718FB4BC17CEF24CB6F" box="[1261,1397,1104,1123]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
. 3324 (
<collectingCounty id="629425DEB0311718FC8DC140E9F9CB73" box="[811,936,1132,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Steytlerville</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FC1EC140EE52CB73" box="[952,1027,1132,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Hankey</collectingMunicipality>
, near
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB98C140EEEFCB73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB98C140EEEFCB73" box="[1086,1214,1132,1151]" country="South Africa" county="Steytlerville" municipality="Hankey" name="Humansdorp" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Humansdorp</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB7BC140EEAECB73" box="[1245,1279,1132,1151]" country="India" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13033" name="Forest Research Institute, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">DD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAA9C140E9CBCB97" collectingDate="1966-10-03" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Bayliss" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FAA9C140EF28CB73" box="[1295,1401,1132,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1966-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FAA9C140EF28CB73" box="[1295,1401,1132,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1966-10-03">3 Oct 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FA25C147E905CB96" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FA25C147EF93CB73" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FA25C147EF93CB73" box="[1411,1474,1131,1151]" country="South Africa" name="Bayliss" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Bayliss</location>
3605
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FCC6C1A4E9C5CB97" box="[864,916,1160,1179]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC16C1ABEFEFCB97" box="[944,1470,1159,1179]" collectionCode="CB" country="South Africa" county="Port Elizabeth" location="Kaba Valley" municipality="Alexandria" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
3325 (
<collectingCounty id="629425DEB0311718FC48C1A4EED0CB96" box="[1006,1153,1159,1179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Port Elizabeth</collectingCounty>
):
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FB37C1ABEEACCB96" box="[1169,1277,1159,1178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Alexandria</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FAA1C1ABEF2ACB96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FAA1C1ABEF2ACB96" box="[1287,1403,1159,1178]" country="South Africa" county="Port Elizabeth" municipality="Alexandria" name="Kaba Valley" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Kaba Valley</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FA3CC1A4EFE9CB97" box="[1434,1464,1160,1179]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC83C188EE3ACBBB" box="[805,1131,1186,1207]" collectingDate="1954-07-23" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Archibald" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC83C188E9CACBBA" box="[805,923,1187,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-07-23">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC83C188E9CACBBA" box="[805,923,1187,1207]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-07-23">23 July 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC05C18EEE7DCBBA" box="[931,1068,1186,1206]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC05C18EE9ABCBBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC05C18EE9ABCBBA" box="[931,1018,1186,1206]" country="South Africa" name="Archibald" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Archibald</location>
5504
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB91C188EE34CBBB" box="[1079,1125,1188,1207]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBD5C18FE9CCCBDE" collectionCode="CB" country="South Africa" location="Zwartkop River" municipality="Uitenhage District" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FBD5C18FEF4ECBBA" box="[1139,1311,1187,1206]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Uitenhage District</collectingMunicipality>
, by the
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FAC1C18FE908CBDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FAC1C18FE908CBDE" country="South Africa" municipality="Uitenhage District" name="Zwartkop River" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zwartkop River</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FCDFC193E9C6CBDE" box="[889,919,1215,1234]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC01C1ECEEFECBDE" box="[935,1199,1214,1235]" collectionCode="BOL, SAM" collectorName="Nov" country="South Africa" location="Drege" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC01C1ECE981CBDF" box="[935,976,1216,1235]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Nov</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC7FC192EE68CBDE" box="[985,1081,1214,1234]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC7FC192EE5ECBDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC7FC192EE5ECBDE" box="[985,1039,1214,1234]" country="South Africa" name="Drege" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Drège</location>
416
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FBE3C193EE22CBDE" box="[1093,1139,1215,1234]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FBD1C193EEF8CBDE" box="[1143,1193,1215,1234]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">SAM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB1EC193EF35CBDE" box="[1208,1380,1215,1234]" collectionCode="CD" collectorName="Uitenhage" country="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FB1EC193EF4CCBDE" box="[1208,1309,1215,1234]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Uitenhage</collectorName>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FA98C193EF0FCBDE" box="[1342,1374,1215,1234]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAC8C192E98ACBE2" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" country="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FAC8C192E9DECBE2" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FAC8C192EFFACBDE" box="[1390,1451,1214,1234]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Ecklon</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC83C1F6E935CBE2" box="[805,868,1242,1262]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zeyher</collectorName>
418
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC38C1F7E984CBE2" box="[926,981,1243,1262]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">SAM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC40C1F7EF30CBE2" box="[998,1377,1243,1263]" collectionCode="CD" country="South Africa" location="Uitenhage" municipality="Good Hope" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingRegion id="498E93B0B0311718FC40C1F7EE44CBE2" box="[998,1045,1243,1262]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Cape</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FB9EC1F7EEF9CBE3" box="[1080,1192,1243,1263]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Good Hope</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB12C1F7EF4BCBE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB12C1F7EF4BCBE2" box="[1204,1306,1243,1262]" country="South Africa" municipality="Good Hope" name="Uitenhage" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" stateProvince="Western Cape">Uitenhage</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FA9DC1F7EF0ACBE2" box="[1339,1371,1243,1262]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FACBC1F6EE70CA06" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" country="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FACBC1F6E98ACA06" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FACBC1F6EFFACBE2" box="[1389,1451,1242,1262]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Ecklon</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC83C1DAE935CA06" box="[805,868,1270,1290]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zeyher</collectorName>
PRE 11,967
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC4DC1DBEE4BCA06" box="[1003,1050,1271,1290]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB88C1DBEF79CA06" box="[1070,1320,1271,1291]" collectionCode="CD" country="South Africa" location="Blue Horizon Bay" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB88C1DBEE8ECA07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB88C1DBEE8ECA07" box="[1070,1247,1271,1291]" country="South Africa" name="Blue Horizon Bay" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Blue Horizon Bay</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAA4C1DBEF73CA06" box="[1282,1314,1271,1290]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA90C1DBEE72CA2A" collectingDate="2002-05-21" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Potgieter" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FA90C1DBEFEECA06" box="[1334,1471,1271,1291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2002-05-21">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FA90C1DBEFEECA06" box="[1334,1471,1271,1291]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2002-05-21">21 May 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C03EE986CA2A" box="[805,983,1298,1318]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C03EE928CA2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C03EE928CA2A" box="[805,889,1298,1318]" country="South Africa" name="Potgieter" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Potgieter</location>
FP00919
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC4BC03FEE4DCA2A" box="[1005,1052,1299,1318]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB93C03FE90CCA4E" collectionCode="CD" collectorName="Grahamstown" country="South Africa" location="River Mouth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FB93C03FEE90CA2A" box="[1077,1217,1299,1318]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Grahamstown</collectorName>
, Maitland
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FA9CC03FEFEECA2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FA9CC03FEFEECA2A" box="[1338,1471,1299,1318]" country="South Africa" name="River Mouth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">River Mouth</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC9CC003E904CA4E" box="[826,853,1327,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FCC4C003EEA2CA4E" box="[866,1267,1326,1346]" collectingDate="1982-09-11" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Van Jaarsveld" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FCC4C003E9B7CA4E" box="[866,998,1327,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1982-09-11">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FCC4C003E9B7CA4E" box="[866,998,1327,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1982-09-11">11 Sept. 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC56C002EEFCCA4E" box="[1008,1197,1326,1346]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC56C002EE3CCA4E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC56C002EE3CCA4E" box="[1008,1133,1326,1346]" country="South Africa" name="Van Jaarsveld" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Van Jaarsveld</location>
6847C
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB1FC003EEBCCA4E" box="[1209,1261,1327,1346]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB5BC003EF62CA52" collectionCode="CD" collectorName="De Stades" country="South Africa" location="Maitlands Forest Reserve" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB5BC003E90BCA52" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB5BC003E90BCA52" country="South Africa" name="Maitlands Forest Reserve" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Maitlands Forest Reserve</location>
, next to footpath on
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FBE4C067EEF7CA52" box="[1090,1190,1355,1374]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">De Stades</collectorName>
route, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAABC067EF7CCA52" box="[1293,1325,1355,1374]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAE4C067EE92CA76" collectingDate="2009-11-07" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Weatherall-Thomas" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FAE4C067EFEECA52" box="[1346,1471,1355,1374]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2009-11-07">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FAE4C067EFEECA52" box="[1346,1471,1355,1374]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2009-11-07">7 Nov 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C04AEE2BCA76" box="[805,1146,1382,1402]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C04AE98FCA76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C04AE98FCA76" box="[805,990,1382,1402]" country="South Africa" name="Weatherall-Thomas" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Weatherall-Thomas</location>
CR15098/PEG18
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB21C04BEEEDCA76" box="[1159,1212,1383,1402]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB6AC04BEE88CA9A" collectionCode="DA" country="South Africa" location="Centilivers" municipality="Addo" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
road side of fence,
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FA22C04BEF93CA76" box="[1412,1474,1383,1402]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
from turnoff from
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FC71C0AEEE5BCA99" box="[983,1034,1410,1429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Addo</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB8CC0AEEEC2CA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB8CC0AEEEC2CA99" box="[1066,1171,1410,1429]" country="South Africa" municipality="Addo" name="Centilivers" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Centilivers</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB17C0AFEE82CA9A" box="[1201,1235,1411,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB44C0AFE92BCABE" collectingDate="2011-03-12" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Haiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FB44C0AFEF27CA9A" box="[1250,1398,1410,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2011-03-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FB44C0AFEF27CA9A" box="[1250,1398,1410,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2011-03-12">12 March 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FA26C0ADE960CABD" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FA26C0ADEF93CA99" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FA26C0ADEF93CA99" box="[1408,1474,1409,1429]" country="South Africa" name="Haiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Haiden</location>
5
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC98C0B3E922CABE" box="[830,883,1439,1458]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC23C0B3E9F0CAC1" collectionCode="DA" country="South Africa" location="Centilevers" municipality="Addo" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FC23C0B3E992CABD" box="[901,963,1438,1458]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
from turnoff from
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FB22C0B2EEE9CABD" box="[1156,1208,1438,1457]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Addo</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB7CC0B2EF18CABD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB7CC0B2EF18CABD" box="[1242,1353,1438,1457]" country="South Africa" municipality="Addo" name="Centilevers" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Centilevers</location>
, roadside of fence, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FCDFC096E9CACAC1" box="[889,923,1466,1485]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC0DC096EE83CAC1" box="[939,1234,1465,1486]" collectingDate="2011-06-12" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Haiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC0DC096EE7DCAC1" box="[939,1068,1466,1486]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2011-06-12">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC0DC096EE7DCAC1" box="[939,1068,1466,1486]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="2011-06-12">12 June 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB90C095EEDACAC1" box="[1078,1163,1465,1485]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB90C095EE28CAC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB90C095EE28CAC1" box="[1078,1145,1465,1485]" country="South Africa" name="Haiden" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Haiden</location>
6
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB31C096EE9ACAC1" box="[1175,1227,1466,1485]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB7AC096EE0ACAE5" collectionCode="DA" country="South Africa" location="Windmolen Farm" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<locationDeviation id="9A474470B0311718FB7AC096E90CCAE5" firstLocation="Centlivres" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" secondLocation="Addo">between Centlivres and Addo</locationDeviation>
:
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FCC0C0FAEE45CAE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FCC0C0FAEE45CAE6" box="[870,1044,1494,1514]" country="South Africa" name="Windmolen Farm" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Windmolen Farm</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB95C0FAEE04CAE5" box="[1075,1109,1494,1513]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBC3C0FAEFEECAE5" box="[1125,1471,1493,1513]" collectingDate="1984-09-29" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Stirton" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FBC3C0FAEEBDCAE5" box="[1125,1260,1494,1513]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1984-09-29">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FBC3C0FAEEBDCAE5" box="[1125,1260,1494,1513]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1984-09-29">29 Sept. 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB50C0F9EF2DCAE5" box="[1270,1404,1493,1513]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB50C0F9EF67CAE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB50C0F9EF67CAE5" box="[1270,1334,1493,1513]" country="South Africa" name="Stirton" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Stirton</location>
10,850
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FA2FC0FAEFE9CAE5" box="[1417,1464,1494,1513]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC83C0DEEFF1C92D" collectionCode="DA" collectorName="Lime Hill" country="South Africa" county="Addo" location="Alexandra" municipality="Port Elizabeth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC83C0DEE92FC909" box="[805,894,1522,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Lime Hill</collectorName>
on rd. to
<collectingCounty id="629425DEB0311718FC79C0DEEE45C909" box="[991,1044,1522,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Addo</collectingCounty>
, ±
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FB93C0DEEE2EC909" box="[1077,1151,1522,1541]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C3FF01AB0311718FBD9C0C2EED9CAF6" attach="left" box="[1151,1160,1518,1530]" fontSize="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">2</superScript>
around
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FB7AC0DEEF36C909" box="[1244,1383,1522,1541]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Port Elizabeth</collectingMunicipality>
, as far as
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C322E9DDC92D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C322E9DDC92D" box="[805,908,1550,1569]" country="South Africa" county="Addo" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Alexandra" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Alexandra</location>
; on road
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC40C322EE1CC92D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC40C322EE1CC92D" box="[998,1101,1550,1569]" country="South Africa" county="Addo" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Zwartkops" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zwartkops</location>
to
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FBCBC322EEF3C92D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FBCBC322EEF3C92D" box="[1133,1186,1550,1569]" country="South Africa" county="Addo" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Addo" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Addo</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A474470B0311718FB0AC322EF08C92D" box="[1196,1369,1550,1569]" location="De Rust" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FB0AC322EE89C92D" box="[1196,1240,1550,1569]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.04672" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mi" value="5.0">5 mi</quantity>
N of De Rust
</locationDeviation>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FADEC322EFCBC92D" box="[1400,1434,1550,1569]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA0CC322EE6DC931" collectingDate="1977-11-19" collectionCode="BOL" country="South Africa" location="Anderson" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FA0CC322E9D5C931" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1977-11-19">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FA0CC322E9D5C931" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1977-11-19">19 Nov 1977</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC28C305E9A8C931" box="[910,1017,1577,1597]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC28C305E9B7C931" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC28C305E9B7C931" box="[910,998,1577,1597]" country="South Africa" name="Anderson" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Anderson</location>
4
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FBA3C306EE67C931" box="[1029,1078,1578,1597]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBE0C306E9A2C955" collectionCode="DA" collectorName="Uitenhage Div." country="South Africa" location="Port Elizabeth" municipality="Addo" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FBE0C306EE88C931" box="[1094,1241,1578,1597]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Uitenhage Div.</collectorName>
, along rd. from
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FAD2C306EFF6C931" box="[1396,1447,1578,1597]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Addo</collectingMunicipality>
to
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C36AE9FFC955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C36AE9FFC955" box="[805,942,1606,1625]" country="South Africa" municipality="Addo" name="Port Elizabeth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Port Elizabeth</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC6BC36AE9BCC955" box="[973,1005,1606,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC5FC36AEF18C955" box="[1017,1353,1605,1625]" collectingDate="1965-12-30" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Troughton" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC5FC36AEE25C955" box="[1017,1140,1606,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1965-12-30">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC5FC36AEE25C955" box="[1017,1140,1606,1625]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1965-12-30">30 Dec 1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FBD8C369EF56C955" box="[1150,1287,1605,1625]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FBD8C369EE8FC955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FBD8C369EE8FC955" box="[1150,1246,1605,1625]" country="South Africa" name="Troughton" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Troughton</location>
223
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAB2C36AEF13C955" box="[1300,1346,1606,1625]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAF4C36AE9B8C979" collectionCode="DC" country="South Africa" location="Coega" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="7">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FAF4C36AEFDCC955" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FAF4C36AEFDCC955" box="[1362,1421,1606,1625]" country="South Africa" name="Coega" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Coega</location>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4C96DBB0311718FA31C36AEF92C955" box="[1431,1475,1606,1625]" count="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="generic">7 M.</specimenCount>
<locationDeviation id="9A474470B0311718FC83C34EE9F4C979" box="[805,933,1634,1653]" location="Coega" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">ENE of Coega</locationDeviation>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC65C34EE9B2C979" box="[963,995,1634,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC54C34EEF12C979" box="[1010,1347,1633,1653]" collectingDate="1948-03-04" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC54C34EEE26C979" box="[1010,1143,1634,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1948-03-04">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC54C34EEE26C979" box="[1010,1143,1634,1653]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1948-03-04">4 March 1948</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB27C34DEF52C979" box="[1153,1283,1633,1653]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB27C34DEEEEC979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB27C34DEEEEC979" box="[1153,1215,1633,1653]" country="South Africa" name="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Acocks</location>
14,054
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAA9C34EEF6CC979" box="[1295,1341,1634,1653]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAEAC34EE9F6C99D" collectionCode="DC" country="South Africa" location="Coega." pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
3.5 MI NE of
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C352E934C99D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C352E934C99D" box="[805,869,1662,1681]" country="South Africa" name="Coega." pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Coega.</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC26C352E9F0C99D" box="[896,929,1662,1681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC17C352EF4BC99D" box="[945,1306,1661,1681]" collectingDate="1954-03-17" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC17C352EE16C99C" box="[945,1095,1661,1681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC17C352EE16C99C" box="[945,1095,1661,1681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">17 March 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FBF7C351EE86C99D" box="[1105,1239,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FBF7C351EEC1C99D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FBF7C351EEC1C99D" box="[1105,1168,1661,1681]" country="South Africa" name="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Acocks</location>
17,621
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB42C352EF42C99D" box="[1252,1299,1662,1681]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA85C352EEF8C9A1" collectionCode="DC" country="South Africa" location="Coega on Grahamstown" municipality="Coega" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FA85C352EF0EC99D" box="[1315,1375,1662,1681]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Coega</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FACFC352EF93C99D" box="[1385,1474,1662,1681]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8624256" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mi" value="2.4">2.4 miles</quantity>
from
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FCFCC3B6EE14C9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FCFCC3B6EE14C9A0" box="[858,1093,1689,1709]" country="South Africa" municipality="Coega" name="Coega on Grahamstown" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Coega on Grahamstown</location>
rd, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB24C3B6EEF2C9A1" box="[1154,1187,1690,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB15C3B6E930C9C4" collectingDate="1954-03-17" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Comins" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FB15C3B6EF18C9A0" box="[1203,1353,1689,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FB15C3B6EF18C9A0" box="[1203,1353,1689,1709]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">17 March 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FAF5C3B4EF93C9A0" box="[1363,1474,1688,1708]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FAF5C3B4EFC9C9A0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FAF5C3B4EFC9C9A0" box="[1363,1432,1688,1708]" country="South Africa" name="Comins" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Comins</location>
758
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC8DC399E90BC9C4" box="[811,858,1717,1736]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FCCDC399EE89C9C4" box="[875,1240,1717,1737]" collectionCode="DC" country="South Africa" county="Algoa Bay" location="Strand" municipality="St. George'" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="629425DEB0311718FCCDC399E99CC9C5" box="[875,973,1717,1737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Algoa Bay</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FC71C39AEE11C9C4" box="[983,1088,1717,1737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">St. George</collectingMunicipality>
s
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FBF6C399EEC3C9C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FBF6C399EEC3C9C4" box="[1104,1170,1717,1736]" country="South Africa" county="Algoa Bay" municipality="St. George'" name="Strand" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Strand</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB14C399EE82C9C4" box="[1202,1235,1717,1736]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">DC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB44C39AE930C9E8" collectingDate="1932-11-20" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Long" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FB44C39AEF30C9C5" box="[1250,1377,1718,1737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1932-11-20">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FB44C39AEF30C9C5" box="[1250,1377,1718,1737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1932-11-20">20 Nov 1932</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FACDC398EF93C9C4" box="[1387,1474,1716,1736]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FACDC398EFC6C9C4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FACDC398EFC6C9C4" box="[1387,1431,1716,1736]" country="South Africa" name="Long" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Long</location>
840
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC8DC3FDE90BC9E8" box="[811,858,1745,1764]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FCCAC3FEEE92C9E8" box="[876,1219,1745,1765]" collectionCode="DD" collectorName="Humansdorp" country="South Africa" location="Hankey" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
near
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC06C3FDEE70C9E8" box="[928,1057,1745,1764]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Humansdorp</collectorName>
,
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB8BC3FDEE28C9E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB8BC3FDEE28C9E8" box="[1069,1145,1745,1764]" country="South Africa" name="Hankey" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Hankey</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB3CC3FDEEECC9E8" box="[1178,1213,1745,1764]" country="India" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13033" name="Forest Research Institute, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">DD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB69C3FDE936C80C" collectingDate="1966-10-03" collectionCode="NBG" country="South Africa" location="Bayliss" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FB69C3FDEF6FC9E8" box="[1231,1342,1745,1764]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1966-10-03">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FB69C3FDEF6FC9E8" box="[1231,1342,1745,1764]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1966-10-03">3 Oct 1966</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FAECC3FCEF93C9E8" box="[1354,1474,1744,1764]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FAECC3FCEFDBC9E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FAECC3FCEFDBC9E8" box="[1354,1418,1744,1764]" country="South Africa" name="Bayliss" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Bayliss</location>
3605
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC8DC3C1E931C80C" box="[811,864,1773,1792]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FCD6C3C1EE48C810" collectionCode="CD" collectorName="Distr. Uitenhague" country="South Africa" location="Karoolike" municipality="Zwartkop river" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FCD6C3C1EE4DC80C" box="[880,1052,1773,1792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Distr. Uitenhague</collectorName>
, by the
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FBCCC3C1EEAFC80C" box="[1130,1278,1773,1792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zwartkop river</collectingMunicipality>
, amongst shrubs on the
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FCECC225E9F7C810" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FCECC225E9F7C810" box="[842,934,1801,1820]" country="South Africa" municipality="Zwartkop river" name="Karoolike" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Karoolike</location>
hills, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC55C225EE42C810" box="[1011,1043,1801,1820]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CD</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB85C224EF58C810" box="[1059,1289,1800,1820]" collectionCode="BOL" country="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCode="BOL 103120" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB85C224EE2BC810" box="[1059,1146,1800,1820]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">unknown</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBECF529B0311718FB23C225EF53C810" box="[1157,1282,1801,1820]" collectionCode="BOL" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">BOL 103120</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAB9C225EF4AC834" collectionCode="CA" country="South Africa" location="Port Elizabeth" municipality="Port Elizabeth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
3326 (
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FAFAC225E906C834" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Port Elizabeth</collectingMunicipality>
):
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FCCFC209E9A4C834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FCCFC209E9A4C834" box="[873,1013,1829,1848]" country="South Africa" municipality="Port Elizabeth" name="Port Elizabeth" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Port Elizabeth</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="9A474470B0311718FBA6C209EE84C834" box="[1024,1237,1829,1848]" location="Coega" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<quantity id="4CB2F0B7B0311718FBA6C209EE04C834" box="[1024,1109,1829,1848]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.632704" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" unit="mi" value="35.0">35 miles</quantity>
NE of Coega
</locationDeviation>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FB50C209EF47C834" box="[1270,1302,1829,1848]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA80C209E9A0C858" collectingDate="1954-03-17" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FA80C209EFEFC834" box="[1318,1470,1829,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FA80C209EFEFC834" box="[1318,1470,1829,1848]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-03-17">17 March 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C26CE9FDC858" box="[805,940,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C26CE935C858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C26CE935C858" box="[805,868,1856,1876]" country="South Africa" name="Acocks" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Acocks</location>
17,621
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC1DC26DE9BBC858" box="[955,1002,1857,1876]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FC5BC26DEF60C858" box="[1021,1329,1857,1876]" collectionCode="CB" collectorName="Alexandria" country="South Africa" location="Kaba Valley" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC5BC26DEE38C858" box="[1021,1129,1857,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Alexandria</collectorName>
,
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FBD3C26DEEBAC858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FBD3C26DEEBAC858" box="[1141,1259,1857,1876]" country="South Africa" name="Kaba Valley" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Kaba Valley</location>
, (
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAABC26DEF7AC858" box="[1293,1323,1857,1876]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">CB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA9BC26DE9A1C87C" collectingDate="1954-07-23" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" location="Archibald" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FA9BC26DEFEFC858" box="[1341,1470,1857,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-07-23">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FA9BC26DEFEFC858" box="[1341,1470,1857,1876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1954-07-23">23 July 1954</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC83C270E9E0C87C" box="[805,945,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC83C270E92CC87C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC83C270E92CC87C" box="[805,893,1884,1904]" country="South Africa" name="Archibald" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Archibald</location>
5504
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC1BC271E9BBC87C" box="[957,1002,1885,1904]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Without precise locality:
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FB4AC271EE35C887" collectingDate="1940-01" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="Lauterwater" country="Taiwan" location="Stokoe" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCode="SAM 54700" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F35D1DC2B0311718FB4AC271EF11C87C" box="[1260,1344,1885,1904]" name="Taiwan" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Formosa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FAEFC271EFEEC87C" box="[1353,1471,1885,1904]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Lauterwater</collectorName>
,
<date id="FFF47B92B0311718FC83C255E929C880" box="[805,888,1913,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1940-01">
<collectingDate id="EFB0827AB0311718FC83C255E929C880" box="[805,888,1913,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" value="1940-01">Jan 1940</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FC26C254E98FC880" box="[896,990,1912,1932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FC26C254E9EDC880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FC26C254E9EDC880" box="[896,956,1912,1932]" country="Taiwan" name="Stokoe" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Stokoe</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBECF529B0311718FC4EC255EE0CC887" box="[1000,1117,1912,1932]" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">SAM 54700</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBCAC254EF2FC880" box="[1132,1406,1912,1932]" collectionCode="PRE" country="Formosa" location="Castelnau" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
1856,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB03C254EF11C880" box="[1189,1344,1912,1932]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
de
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB66C254EF48C880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB66C254EF48C880" box="[1216,1305,1912,1932]" country="Formosa" name="Castelnau" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Castelnau</location>
136
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FAEDC255EF29C880" box="[1355,1400,1913,1932]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FA21C254EE45C8A4" collectionCode="BOL, PRE" collectorName="Ecklon &amp; Zeyher" country="Formosa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FA21C254E9F3C8AB" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FA21C254EF92C880" box="[1415,1475,1912,1932]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Ecklon</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC9DC2BFE92BC8AB" box="[827,890,1939,1959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zeyher</collectorName>
416
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC08C2B9E98BC8A4" box="[942,986,1941,1960]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC44C2B9EE5FC8A4" box="[994,1038,1941,1960]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FBB8C2BFEF5AC8A4" box="[1054,1291,1939,1960]" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="Zeyher" country="Formosa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCode="SAM 16339" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FBB8C2BFEED0C8AB" box="[1054,1153,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FBB8C2BFEE0CC8AB" box="[1054,1117,1939,1959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zeyher</collectorName>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBECF529B0311718FB2AC2B9EF55C8A4" box="[1164,1284,1941,1960]" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mhew-9czz" name="South African Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">SAM 16339</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FAB3C2BFE90EC8CF" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Zeyher" country="Formosa" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FAB3C2BFEF93C8AB" box="[1301,1474,1939,1959]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FAB3C2BFEF05C8AB" box="[1301,1364,1939,1959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Zeyher</collectorName>
PRE 43,776
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED5BC597B0311718FC8DC29CE908C8CF" box="[811,857,1968,1987]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B22570FB0311718FCCFC29DEFD0C8CF" box="[873,1409,1967,1988]" collectionCode="PRE" collectorName="Van Staden' &amp; River" country="Formosa" location="Drege" municipality="Uitenhague" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" specimenCode="PRE 204291" specimenCount="1">
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FCCFC29DE98BC8CF" box="[873,986,1968,1988]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Van Staden</collectorName>
s
<collectorName id="26BF3884B0311718FC4FC29CEE4DC8CF" box="[1001,1052,1968,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">River</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C728B0311718FB80C29CEEC7C8CF" box="[1062,1174,1968,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Uitenhague</collectingMunicipality>
,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0311718FB39C283EEA8C8CF" box="[1183,1273,1967,1987]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">
<location id="8E950B89B0311718FB39C283EE84C8CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EC44B031171AFFFCC6EFEAB2CFC6:8E950B89B0311718FB39C283EE84C8CF" box="[1183,1237,1967,1987]" country="Formosa" municipality="Uitenhague" name="Drege" pageId="12" pageNumber="446">Drège</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
(
<specimenCode id="DBECF529B0311718FB5BC29DEF2BC8CF" box="[1277,1402,1968,1988]" collectionCode="PRE" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="12" pageNumber="446" type="Herbarium">PRE 204291</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; South
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0301719FEFBC3C3E84DC807" box="[349,540,1775,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Xeranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0301719FEFBC3C3E84DC807" box="[349,540,1775,1803]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="447">A.recurvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF350DDAB0301719FF56C21EEF0CC84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10496705" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10496705" box="[240,1373,1841,1856]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10496705/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="447" startId="13.[240,265,1842,1856]" targetBox="[349,1262,142,1757]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B0301719FF56C21EEF0CC84C" blockId="13.[240,1373,1841,1856]" box="[240,1373,1841,1856]" pageId="13" pageNumber="447">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0301719FF56C21EEB4EC84C" bold="true" box="[240,287,1842,1856]" pageId="13" pageNumber="447">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4A26D1B0301719FE85C21DEBA5C84C" box="[291,500,1841,1856]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Achyranthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="13" pageNumber="447" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="recurvatum">
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0301719FE85C21DEBA5C84C" box="[291,500,1841,1856]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="447">Achyranthemum recurvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habit. B. Leaves. C. Capitulum. D. Leaf indumentum (
<emphasis id="B93E8140B0301719FC3AC21DE98CC84C" box="[924,989,1841,1856]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="447">Haiden 6</emphasis>
, NBG). E. Distribution. All photographs N.G. Bergh.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF55D52B033171AFFFCC5B7EAB2CFC6" blockId="14.[90,760,154,202]" pageId="14" pageNumber="448">
Africa,
<emphasis id="B93E8140B033171AFF3BC5B6EAA9CFA2" box="[157,248,154,174]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="448">Drège s.n.</emphasis>
(BOL);
<emphasis id="B93E8140B033171AFE98C5B6EBAACFA2" box="[318,507,154,174]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="448">Ecklon &amp; Zeyher s.n.</emphasis>
(PRE 204292);
<emphasis id="B93E8140B033171AFD32C5B6E8A9CFA2" box="[660,760,154,174]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="448">Zeyher s.n.</emphasis>
(PRE 204290).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>