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<document id="45B95ECA30612B9016416B2323BC6CAE" ID-CLB-Dataset="5271" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.163.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3ba24af3-cde3-4a5e-8117-4f888a34ad1b" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132210" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1627138066502" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, Mejía-Saulés, Teresa &amp; Clark, Lynn G." docDate="2014" docId="03C2EB614623DC1B71E9FBF3FDF10F24" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.163.1.016-026.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 163 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.163.1.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark 2014, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFFB93194627DC13717EFF97FFA80A2B" masterDocTitle="A new endangered species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from the Acatlán volcano in central Veracruz, Mexico, and keys to the Mexican Chusquea species" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="16" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1699037124941" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="31B6F1068A32A9FF21DDA8ACE3E2FE21">A new endangered species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from the Acatlán volcano in central Veracruz, Mexico, and keys to the Mexican Chusquea species</mods:title>
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<mods:role id="EDD339943B2ABE7735DE718F9796EC82">
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<mods:namePart id="687214CC337E944BBD6F05B4F4B9BD3D">Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="65A96429237876EDE17736CA8134F47C">Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Centro Regional del Bajío, Red de Biodiversidad y Sistemática, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas 253, 61600 Pátzcuaro, Michocán, Mexico. E-mail: eduardo. ruiz @ inecol. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="623124E55ECC8A59A62A45676C8014BF">Mejía-Saulés, Teresa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99808FF654F1C03F781D8900C903CAD2">Instituto de Ecología, A. C., Red de Biología Evolutiva, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. E-mail: teresa. mejia @ inecol. mx</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A3F37A6B43BF0189A87DA2D25232EE15">Clark, Lynn G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FFFC51A7127A028A23942D38DC847C2D">Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, 251 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 - 1020 United States of America. E-mail: lgclark @ iastate. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DEEF669C2E2156104BA91664159E317F">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="29128E8422A65607698D363B2B76D874">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C2EB614623DC1B71E9FBF3FDF10F24" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132241" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183733993" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132241" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C2EB614623DC1B71E9FBF3FDF10F24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C2EB614623DC1B71E9FBF3FDF10F24" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="C37109FC4623DC1771E9FBF3FAD10E56" box="[151,1401,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D09CED1B4623DC1771E9FBF3FAD10E56" bold="true" box="[151,1401,1124,1149]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC1771E9FBF3FAD10E56" bold="true" box="[151,1401,1124,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC1771E9FBF3FC320E56" ID-CoL="V3VG" authority="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,922,1124,1149]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica" status="sp. nov.">Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejía-Saulés &amp; L. G. Clark</taxonomicName>
,
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<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC1772D8FBF2FBA60E57" bold="true" box="[934,1038,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">spec. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<figureCitation id="135046F24623DC17755DFBF3FBCE0E56" box="[1059,1126,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,244,1973,1994]" captionTargetBox="[192,1389,153,1951]" captionTargetId="figure-52@5.[185,1402,151,1965]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. Chusquea enigmatica. Complete plant with leptomorph rhizomes (right, vertical orientation). Based on E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; T.M. Mejía-Saulés 434a. Drawn by Edmundo Saavedra." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132212/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135046F24623DC17750AFBF3FB5F0E56" box="[1140,1271,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,246,1859,1880]" captionTargetBox="[229,1361,156,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-122@6.[224,1366,149,1850]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Chusquea enigmatica. A. Part of leptomorph rhizome, shown with vertical orientation. B. Culm fragment showing intravaginal branch pattern and culm leaves. C. Culm fragment showing extravaginal branch pattern, complete culm leaves with erect blade and development of a new branch. D. Nodal section of the culm, showing bud complement, with one main central bud and two subsidiary smaller buds. E. Culm fragment, showing two nodal regions with well development branches. F. Foliage leaf complement, showing inner ligule and finely serrulate margins. Based on E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; T.M. Mejía-Saulés 434a. Drawn by Edmundo Saavedra." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132214/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Fig. 2 A–F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="135046F24623DC17747AFBF3FAD10E56" box="[1284,1401,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,245,1868,1889]" captionTargetBox="[187,1410,151,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-132@7.[187,1411,149,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitat and plants of Chusquea enigmatica. A. Acatlán volcano, black arrow indicates the location of C. enigmatica in Fagus grandifolia dominated Neotropical cloud forests. B. Plants of C. enigmatica in the understory of Fagus grandifolia. C. Small patch of C. enigmatica showing erect habit. D. Foliage leaf complement abaxial view, showing six foliage leaves. E. Leptomorph rhizome. F. Bud complement, showing one triangular central bud and two smaller subsidiary buds. G. Branches, showing three branches per node. H. Extravaginal branch pattern. I. Culm leaves and intravaginal branch pattern. Clb = culm leaf erect blade, Ibp = intravaginal branch pattern. Photos by E. Ruiz-Sanchez." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132216/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Fig. 3 B–I</figureCitation>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<collectionCode id="ED7AC2B24623DC1771E9FB3AFF710EE9" box="[151,217,1197,1218]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">TYPE</collectionCode>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F37C1AE74623DC177182FB3BFECB0EE9" box="[252,355,1196,1218]" name="Mexico" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49AF94954623DC177013FB3AFE630EE9" box="[365,459,1197,1218]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
: cima del volcán de Acatlán sobre el anillo de la parte sureste, suelo negro, planta estéril, bosque de
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<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC177198FB5BFE370ECA" box="[230,415,1227,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Fagus grandifolia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA27864623DC1770D9FB5CFDCD0ECA" author="Ehrhart, J. F." box="[423,613,1227,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" refId="ref6021" refString="Ehrhart, J. F. (1788). Beitrage zur Naturkunde, und den damit verwandten Wissenschaften, besonders der botanik, chemie, haus- und landwirthschaft, arzneigelahrtheit und apothekerkunst. Hannover &amp; Osnabruck. 22 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 44806" type="book" year="1788">Ehrhart (1788: 22)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
con
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC1773E7FB5CFBE30ECA" authority="Lundell (1937: 212)" authorityName="Lundell" authorityPageNumber="212" authorityYear="1937" box="[665,1099,1227,1249]" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="matudae">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC1773E7FB5CFCDA0ECA" box="[665,882,1227,1249]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Podocarpus matudae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA27864623DC177204FB5CFBE30ECA" author="Lundell, C. L." box="[890,1099,1227,1249]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" pagination="212" refId="ref6536" refString="Lundell, C. L. (1937) Studies of Mexican and Central America Plants II (a). Phytologia 6: 212" type="journal article" year="1937">Lundell (1937: 212)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5F3CB04623DC177528FB5CFB420ECA" box="[1110,1258,1227,1249]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" precision="1" seconds="48.2" value="19.796722">19°47'48.2'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5F3CB04623DC17758BFB5CFA300ECA" box="[1269,1432,1227,1249]" degrees="100" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" precision="1" seconds="42.3" value="-100.69508">100°41'42.3'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1771B9FB7DFEBC0ED4" box="[199,276,1258,1280]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="m" value="1960.0">1960 m</quantity>
elevation,
<date id="FFD57CB74623DC1770FBFB7DFD950F2B" box="[389,573,1258,1280]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" value="2013-02-19">19 February 2013</date>
,
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. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp;
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.
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. Mejía-Saulés
</emphasis>
434a (
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:
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!, isotypes:
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!,
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!,
<collectionCode id="ED7AC2B24623DC1771B9FA9FFEB30F35" box="[199,283,1288,1310]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" name="Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">MEXU</collectionCode>
!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD45A774623DC1771E9FAD1FB9B0F51" blockId="4.[151,1436,1350,1402]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC1771E9FAD1FEDE0F77" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,374,1350,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC1771E9FAD1FEDE0F77" box="[151,374,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC17737AFAD1FD1F0F77" authorityName="L. G. Clark" authorityYear="1989" box="[516,695,1350,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC17737AFAD1FD1F0F77" box="[516,695,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">Chusquea glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC1773B8FAD1FC920F77" box="[710,826,1350,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muelleri">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC1773B8FAD1FC920F77" box="[710,826,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">C. muelleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44623DC17720FFAD1FC7C0F77" authorityName="Clark &amp; Londono" authorityYear="1991" box="[881,980,1350,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="B91F86654623DC17720FFAD1FC7C0F77" box="[881,980,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">C. repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in having leptomorph rhizomes, delicate small culms, erect habit and an intravaginal or extravaginal branching pattern.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD45A774623DC1771E9FA30FC0E0DBD" blockId="4.[151,1436,1447,1943]" pageId="4" pageNumber="20">
Rhizomes leptomorph to
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long. Culms 0.2–1.0 cm tall,
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in basal diameter, erect, decumbent and geniculate. Internodes
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long, 12–15 per culm, terete, glabrous, green, solid. Culm leaves
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1775A1FA5CFAF40FC8" box="[1247,1372,1483,1508]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.55" metricValueMax="4.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="3.55" valueMax="4.8" valueMin="2.3">2.3–4.8 cm</quantity>
long, glabrous, straw-colored, deciduous as branches develop; sheaths
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1772DEFA78FB8C0C2C" box="[928,1060,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–3.9 cm</quantity>
long, rectangular with rounded shoulders, 4–6 times as long as the blade, the margins entire or ciliate on both sides, glabrous; blades
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC17747EF984FAF50C00" box="[1280,1373,1555,1580]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="3.0">3–9 mm</quantity>
long, narrowly triangular, erect, deciduous, apex acuminate, margins entire or slightly ciliate, glabrous; girdle not developed, inner ligule
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1770DDF9CCFD830C58" box="[419,555,1627,1652]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous, truncate. Nodes at mid culm with 1–3 buds, composed of one larger triangular central bud subtended by 1–2 slightly smaller triangular, closely adjacent subsidiary buds arranged in a single line; nodal line horizontal, supranodal ridge present and prominent. Branching extravaginal or intravaginal, the sheaths deciduous, 1–3 branches per node, diverging from the main culm at 45
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,
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1775A6F95DFA910CCA" box="[1240,1337,1738,1763]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="12.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="9.0">9–15 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1774FEF95DFF460D2D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1– 1.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter, some rebranching. Foliage leaves (5)6–9(11) per complement; sheaths glabrous, the summit short ciliate; leaf blades
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1770D2F885FD980D02" box="[428,560,1810,1835]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="10.85" valueMax="11.7" valueMin="10.0">10–11.7 cm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC177307F885FD500D02" box="[633,760,1810,1835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.2 cm</quantity>
wide,
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:
<collectionCode id="ED7AC2B24623DC177224F885FCDF0D02" box="[858,887,1810,1833]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
= 8–14, abaxially glaucous and adaxially green, glabrous, not tessellate, the base oblique, the apex apiculate, the margin finely serrulate on both sides; pseudopetioles
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC177034F8CDFE160D5A" box="[330,446,1882,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
long, adaxially and abaxially glabrous, inner ligule
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC177562F8CDFBD60D5A" box="[1052,1150,1882,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
, rounded; outer ligule to
<quantity id="4C93F7924623DC1771E9F8E9FEB60DBD" box="[151,286,1918,1943]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous or finely ciliate. Synflorescences not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF140AFF4622DC1671E9F822FD600DC3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132212" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132212/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="21" startId="5.[151,244,1973,1994]" targetBox="[192,1389,153,1951]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BD45A774622DC1671E9F822FD600DC3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1972,2024]" pageId="5" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="B91F86654622DC1671E9F822FEA50DE1" bold="true" box="[151,269,1973,1994]" pageId="5" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44622DC16706DF822FE4D0DE1" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[275,485,1973,1994]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654622DC16706DF822FE4D0DE1" box="[275,485,1973,1994]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="21">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Complete plant with leptomorph rhizomes (right, vertical orientation). Based on
<emphasis id="B91F86654622DC167581F822FE3D0DCC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="21">E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; T.M. Mejía-Saulés 434a</emphasis>
. Drawn by Edmundo Saavedra.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF140AFF4621DC1571E9F8D4FF5E0DC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132214" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132214" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132214/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" startId="6.[151,246,1859,1880]" targetBox="[229,1361,156,1850]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BD45A774621DC1571E9F8D4FF5E0DC0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1858,2027]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B91F86654621DC1571E9F8D4FEB80D73" bold="true" box="[151,272,1859,1880]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44621DC157066F8D4FE590D73" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[280,497,1859,1880]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654621DC157066F8D4FE590D73" box="[280,497,1859,1880]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="22">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Part of leptomorph rhizome, shown with vertical orientation. B. Culm fragment showing intravaginal branch pattern and culm leaves. C. Culm fragment showing extravaginal branch pattern, complete culm leaves with erect blade and development of a new branch. D. Nodal section of the culm, showing bud complement, with one main central bud and two subsidiary smaller buds. E. Culm fragment, showing two nodal regions with well development branches. F. Foliage leaf complement, showing inner ligule and finely serrulate margins. Based on
<emphasis id="B91F86654621DC15727AF82FFB690DE6" box="[772,1217,1976,1997]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="22">E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; T.M. Mejía-Saulés 434a</emphasis>
. Drawn by Edmundo Saavedra.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF140AFF4620DC1471E9F8DBFD190DDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132216/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" startId="7.[151,245,1868,1889]" targetBox="[187,1410,151,1850]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BD45A774620DC1471E9F8DBFD190DDF" blockId="7.[151,1436,1868,2036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC1471E9F8DBFEA50D4A" bold="true" box="[151,269,1868,1889]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Habitat and plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC147099F8DBFD110D4A" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[487,697,1868,1889]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC147099F8DBFD110D4A" box="[487,697,1868,1889]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Acatlán volcano, black arrow indicates the location of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC147584F8DBFA2B0D4A" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[1274,1411,1868,1889]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC147584F8DBFA2B0D4A" box="[1274,1411,1868,1889]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">C. enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC1471E9F8FDFEE00D54" authorityName="Ehrhart" authorityYear="1788" box="[151,328,1898,1919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC1471E9F8FDFEE00D54" box="[151,328,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">Fagus grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dominated Neotropical cloud forests. B. Plants of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC14724BF8FDFC160D54" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[821,958,1898,1919]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC14724BF8FDFC160D54" box="[821,958,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">C. enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the understory of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC1475F4F8FDFA910D54" authorityName="Ehrhart" authorityYear="1788" box="[1162,1337,1898,1919]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC1475F4F8FDFA910D54" box="[1162,1337,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">Fagus grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. C. Small patch of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F44620DC147190F810FED00DB7" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[238,376,1927,1948]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F86654620DC147190F810FED00DB7" box="[238,376,1927,1948]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="23">C. enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing erect habit. D. Foliage leaf complement abaxial view, showing six foliage leaves. E. Leptomorph rhizome. F. Bud complement, showing one triangular central bud and two smaller subsidiary buds. G. Branches, showing three branches per node. H. Extravaginal branch pattern. I. Culm leaves and intravaginal branch pattern. Clb = culm leaf erect blade, Ibp = intravaginal branch pattern. Photos by E. Ruiz-Sanchez.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BD45A77462FDC1B71B8FF00FC850B84" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71B8FF00FE580A9B" bold="true" box="[198,496,151,176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Habitat and distribution</emphasis>
:—This species is only known from one population at the summit of the volcano Acatlán (
<figureCitation id="135046F2462FDC1B7181FF2BFEF30AFE" box="[255,347,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,245,1868,1889]" captionTargetBox="[187,1410,151,1850]" captionTargetId="figure-132@7.[187,1411,149,1850]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Habitat and plants of Chusquea enigmatica. A. Acatlán volcano, black arrow indicates the location of C. enigmatica in Fagus grandifolia dominated Neotropical cloud forests. B. Plants of C. enigmatica in the understory of Fagus grandifolia. C. Small patch of C. enigmatica showing erect habit. D. Foliage leaf complement abaxial view, showing six foliage leaves. E. Leptomorph rhizome. F. Bud complement, showing one triangular central bud and two smaller subsidiary buds. G. Branches, showing three branches per node. H. Extravaginal branch pattern. I. Culm leaves and intravaginal branch pattern. Clb = culm leaf erect blade, Ibp = intravaginal branch pattern. Photos by E. Ruiz-Sanchez." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132216" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132216/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). This volcano is part of the easternmost portion of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt in central
<collectingRegion id="49AF9495462FDC1B71E9FF77FEA80ADC" box="[151,256,224,247]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B706EFF48FDEC0AD3" author="Gomez-Tuena, A. &amp; Orozco-Esquivel, M. T. &amp; Ferrari, L." box="[272,580,223,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" pagination="129 - 181" refId="ref6289" refString="Gomez-Tuena, A., Orozco-Esquivel, M. T. &amp; Ferrari, L. (2007) Igneous petrogenesis of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Geological Society of America Special Paper 422: 129 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1130 / 2007.2422 (05)" type="journal article" year="2007">
Gómez-Tuena
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B70BCFF76FE5E0AD3" box="[450,502,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2007
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B732DFF48FC9A0AD3" author="Ferrari, L. &amp; Orozco-Esquivel, T. &amp; Manea, V. &amp; Manea, M." box="[595,818,223,248]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" pagination="122 - 149" refId="ref6078" refString="Ferrari, L., Orozco-Esquivel, T., Manea, V. &amp; Manea, M. (2012) The dynamic history of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and the Mexico subduction zone. Tectonophysics 522 - 523: 122 - 149. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. tecto. 2011.09.018" type="journal article" year="2012">
Ferrari
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B73D2FF76FD480AD3" box="[684,736,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7238FF77FBEF0ADC" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[838,1095,224,248]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7238FF77FBEF0ADC" box="[838,1095,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B75C6FF77FF510B37" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">bosque mesófilo de montaña</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B7076FE93FE6F0B36" author="Rzedowski, J." box="[264,455,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" refId="ref6867" refString="Rzedowski, J. (1978) Vegetacion de Mexico. Limusa, Mexico, DF. 422 pp." type="book" year="1978">Rzedowski 1978</bibRefCitation>
) or Neotropical cloud forest (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B7268FE93FC1D0B36" author="Webster, G. L." box="[790,949,260,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" pagination="53 - 77" refId="ref6993" refString="Webster, G. L. (1995) The panorama of Neotropical cloud forests. In: Churchill, S. P., Balslev, H., Forero E. &amp; Luteyn J. L. (eds.) Biodiversity and conservation of Neotropical montane forests. The New York Botanical Garden, New York, pp. 53 - 77" type="book chapter" year="1995">Webster 1995</bibRefCitation>
) dominated by
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7518FE92FA9A0B37" authorityName="Ehrhart" authorityYear="1788" box="[1126,1330,260,284]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7518FE92FA9A0B37" box="[1126,1330,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Fagus grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inside of the crater and codominant stands at the rim and top of the same volcano (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B72A6FEB0FAB00B6B" author="Williams-Linera, G. &amp; Duvell, M. &amp; Alvarez-Aquino, C." box="[984,1304,295,320]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" pagination="1297 - 1309" refId="ref7058" refString="Williams-Linera, G., Duvell, M. &amp; Alvarez-Aquino, C. (2000) A relict population of Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana at the Acatlan Volcano, Mexico: structure, phenology, litterfall and dendroecology. Journal of Biogeography 27: 1297 - 1309. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2699.2000.00500. x" type="journal article" year="2000">
Williams-Linera
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B75E4FEBEFB640B6B" box="[1178,1228,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
). The mean temperature is
<geoCoordinate id="EE5F3CB0462FDC1B703DFED9FE2D0B72" box="[323,389,331,359]" degrees="15.2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" precision="5555" value="15.2">
15.2
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<collectionCode id="ED7AC2B2462FDC1B70F8FED9FE330B4C" box="[390,411,334,359]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
, and total mean annual precipitation is
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B721BFED9FC7D0B4D" box="[869,981,334,359]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5319999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1532.0">1532 mm</quantity>
, with three seasons described: dry cold (October-March); dry warm (April–May) and wet warm (June–September). Humidity is high and fog is frequent during most days of the year (
<bibRefCitation id="EFFA2786462FDC1B709BFE01FC890B84" author="Williams-Linera, G. &amp; Duvell, M. &amp; Alvarez-Aquino, C." box="[485,801,406,431]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" pagination="1297 - 1309" refId="ref7058" refString="Williams-Linera, G., Duvell, M. &amp; Alvarez-Aquino, C. (2000) A relict population of Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana at the Acatlan Volcano, Mexico: structure, phenology, litterfall and dendroecology. Journal of Biogeography 27: 1297 - 1309. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1365 - 2699.2000.00500. x" type="journal article" year="2000">
Williams-Linera
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B73DBFE0FFD7E0B84" box="[677,726,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2000
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37109FC462FDC1B71B8FE2DFE1C09E0" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD45A77462FDC1B71B8FE2DFE1C09E0" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71B8FE2DFEF20BF8" bold="true" box="[198,346,442,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Comparison</emphasis>
:—At first glance
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7354FE2CFD610BF9" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[554,713,443,466]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7354FE2CFD610BF9" box="[554,713,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
looks like an herbaceous bamboo in the forest understory; it is the presence of multiple buds per node that places it in
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7268FE48FC200BDC" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1822" box="[790,904,479,503]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7268FE48FC200BDC" box="[790,904,479,503]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The first collection of this plant was made in 2010 and the plants looked like seedlings. After three years collecting the species several times in the same place and during different seasons, it is observed that the size of the plants did not change. However, individual observations of plants growing in a clearing, exposed to direct sunlight, revealed that this group of plants registered the highest growth, reaching one meter tall. Further observation suggested some similarities to
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7580FDF8FAD908AC" authorityName="L. G. Clark" authorityYear="1989" box="[1278,1393,623,647]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7580FDF8FAD908AC" box="[1278,1393,623,647]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, an endemic species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7002FD04FD0B0881" box="[380,675,659,683]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Serpentes">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7002FD04FE470880" box="[380,495,659,683]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B734DFD04FD0B0881" box="[563,675,659,682]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Serpentes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurring on the slopes of the Cofre de Perote volcano in central
<collectingRegion id="49AF9495462FDC1B71E9FD20FF5608E5" box="[151,254,695,718]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F37C1AE7462FDC1B7076FD21FEC908E4" box="[264,353,694,719]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Mexico</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7015FD20FDF608E4" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[363,606,695,719]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7015FD20FDF608E4" box="[363,606,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B72F5FD20FC5008E4" authorityName="L. G. Clark" authorityYear="1989" box="[907,1016,695,719]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B72F5FD20FC5008E4" box="[907,1016,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. glauca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by several characters such as delicate culms 0.2–1.0 m tall and
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B70CDFD4DFD8D08D9" box="[435,549,730,755]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 mm</quantity>
in diameter (vs.
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B739FFD4DFC8208D9" box="[737,810,730,755]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 m</quantity>
, to
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B722DFD4DFC2608D8" box="[851,910,730,755]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
), erect culms (vs. scandent), an extravaginal or intravaginal branching pattern (vs. infravaginal), and foliage leaf blades
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B72BEFD69FBEA093D" box="[960,1090,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.085" metricValueMax="1.17" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="10.85" valueMax="11.7" valueMin="10.0">10–11.7 cm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B75CFFD69FA86093D" box="[1201,1326,766,791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="1.0" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1.2 cm</quantity>
wide (vs.
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B71E9FCB5FE8E0911" box="[151,294,802,827]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.17" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.44" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="21.7" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="14.4">14.4–29 cm</quantity>
,
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B704AFCB5FE0F0910" box="[308,423,802,827]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="cm" value="3.05" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.1">2.1–4 cm</quantity>
). There are two other small Mexican
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7215FCB4FBE80910" box="[875,1088,802,827]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7215FCB4FC480910" box="[875,992,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from section
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7596FCB4FAD90910" box="[1256,1393,803,827]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Longifoliae</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B74FFFCB4FF500974" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muelleri">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B74FFFCB4FF500974" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. muelleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B704DFCD0FE0A0974" authorityName="Clark &amp; Londono" authorityYear="1991" box="[307,418,839,863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B704DFCD0FE0A0974" box="[307,418,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, that could be regarded as similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B7225FCD0FC570974" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[859,1023,839,863]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B7225FCD0FC570974" box="[859,1023,839,863]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">C. enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but there are several characters to differentiate them from it.
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B70BCFCFCFD1F09A9" authorityName="Ruiz-Sanchez, Mejia-Saules &amp; L. G. Clark" authorityYear="2014" box="[450,695,875,899]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B70BCFCFCFD1F09A9" box="[450,695,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea enigmatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thin culms
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B7216FCFDFC7309A9" box="[872,987,874,899]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 mm</quantity>
wide (vs.
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B752FFCFDFB0709A9" box="[1105,1199,874,899]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
wide), one main and two subsidiary buds (vs. one main and several subsidiary buds), and an extravaginal or intravaginal branching pattern (vs. infravaginal).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37109FC462FDC1B71B8FC41FDF10F24" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BD45A77462FDC1B71B8FC41FEA60E1D" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71B8FC41FEEF09C4" bold="true" box="[198,327,982,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet refers to the unusual morphology with leptomorph rhizomes and reduction in bud and culm sizes and the consequent difficulty in classifying this species within one of the known sections of
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B71E9FB88FEAF0E1C" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1822" box="[151,263,1055,1079]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71E9FB88FEAF0E1C" box="[151,263,1055,1079]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD45A77462FDC1B71B8FBD5FB650E55" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71B8FBD5FEEA0E70" bold="true" box="[198,322,1090,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Synflorescences and flowers of this species are unknown, but the plants are under cultivation in the National Bamboo Collection at the Francisco Clavijero Botanic Garden in Xalapa,
<collectingRegion id="49AF9495462FDC1B751CFBF0FB610E55" box="[1122,1225,1127,1150]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD45A77462FDC1B71B8FB1DFDF10F24" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B71B8FB1DFD970E88" bold="true" box="[198,575,1162,1187]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<collectingCountry id="F37C1AE7462FDC1B731EFB1DFD7C0E88" box="[608,724,1162,1187]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49AF9495462FDC1B73A0FB1CFCEE0E89" box="[734,838,1163,1186]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
: cima del volcán de Acatlán sobre el anillo de la parte sureste, suelo negro, planta estéril, bosque de
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B73BBFB27FC360EEC" authorityName="Ehrhart" authorityYear="1788" box="[709,926,1199,1223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandifolia">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B73BBFB27FC360EEC" box="[709,926,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Fagus grandifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
con
<taxonomicName id="4C6B21F4462FDC1B72A5FB38FB700EEC" authorityName="Lundell" authorityYear="1937" box="[987,1240,1199,1223]" class="Pinopsida" family="Podocarpaceae" genus="Podocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="matudae">
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B72A5FB38FB700EEC" box="[987,1240,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">Podocarpus matudae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5F3CB0462FDC1B7594FB39FA300EED" box="[1258,1432,1198,1223]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="48.2" value="19.796722">19°47'48.2'' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE5F3CB0462FDC1B71E9FB45FEE20EC1" box="[151,330,1234,1259]" degrees="100" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" precision="1" seconds="42.3" value="-100.69508">100°41'42.3'' W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="4C93F792462FDC1B702BFB45FE020EC1" box="[341,426,1234,1259]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1960.0">1960 m</quantity>
elevation,
<date id="FFD57CB7462FDC1B735BFB45FD150EC0" box="[549,701,1234,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" value="2010-06-28">28 June 2010</date>
,
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B73B6FB44FB980EC0" box="[712,1072,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; J. F. Ornelas</emphasis>
299 (XAL);
<date id="FFD57CB7462FDC1B75BDFB45FAD10EC0" box="[1219,1401,1234,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="24" value="2013-08-17">17 August 2013</date>
,
<emphasis id="B91F8665462FDC1B74FAFB44FE650F24" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="24">E. Ruiz-Sanchez &amp; L. G. Clark</emphasis>
460 (XAL).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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