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<document id="26A621209158F2CA683B6DE93829243A" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3923.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2822ae22-53bb-45c1-b3a3-49f7b6c0fb53" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241936" ID-ZooBank="2305A96C-0A03-4524-93AA-90359893A4DD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460998774137" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz &amp; Mcinnes, Sandra J." docDate="2015" docId="038FA02EFFBE7A1E4A85BAA0555AF715" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03923p107.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3923 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Milnesium tardigradum subsp. trispinosa Rahm 1932" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFB6D856FF9C7A3C4A12B8175470F34E" masterDocTitle="Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1698564022090" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="CDADF1BAE7C4438389357C0C04C8E99F">Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AD3A6C818DF1356E707685B3C4DE6E27">Kaczmarek, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="351171E0868B376C7AFDCDEDB60E1FE7">Mcinnes, Sandra J.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038FA02EFFBE7A1E4A85BAA0555AF715" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119598105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FA02EFFBE7A1E4A85BAA0555AF715" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038FA02EFFBE7A1E4A85BAA0555AF715" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<heading id="D0D1A654FFBE7A1E4A85BAA0577FF19E" bold="true" box="[151,783,695,720]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BAA0577FF19E" bold="true" box="[151,783,695,720]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
77.
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFFBE7A1E4AD3BAA05693F19E" authority="Rahm, 1932" authorityName="Rahm" authorityYear="1932" box="[193,739,695,720]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Milnesium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subSpecies" species="tardigradum" subSpecies="trispinosa">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4AD3BAA0563EF19E" bold="true" box="[193,590,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Milnesium tardigradum trispinosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E4846BAA05693F19E" author="Rahm" box="[596,739,695,720]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1932) Freilebende Nematoden, Rotatorien und Tardigraden aus Sudamerika (besonders aus Chile). Zoologisher Anzeiger, 98, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1932">Rahm, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[T]
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33C42B3FFBE7A1E4AD5BACB56EBF085" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4AD5BACB5635F05E" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFFBE7A1E4AD5BACB5657F1BC" authority="Doy. 1840" authorityName="Doy." authorityYear="1840" box="[199,551,732,754]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Milnesium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="tardigradum">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4AD5BACB55C7F1BC" box="[199,439,732,754]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Milnesium tardigradum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E4BAFBACA5657F1BC" author="Doy" box="[445,551,732,754]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Doyere, P. L. N. (1840) Memoire sur les Tardigrades. Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Series 2 (Zoologie), 14, 269 - 362." type="journal article" year="1840">Doy. 1840</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFFBE7A1E483FBACA56BCF1BC" box="[557,716,733,754]" class="Heterotardigrada" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="variety" status="var. nov." variety="trispinosum">
var
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4846BACA56BCF1BC" box="[596,716,733,754]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">trispinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2617051FFBE7A1E48C3BACA5759F1BC" box="[721,809,733,754]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="variety">
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFFBE7A1E48C3BACA5754F1BC" box="[721,804,733,754]" class="Heterotardigrada" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="variety" variety="nov">var. nov</taxonomicName>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E4926BACB57DEF1BC" author="Rahm" box="[820,942,732,754]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1931) Tardigrada of the South of America. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 35, 118 - 141." type="journal article" year="1931">Rahm 1931</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E49AABACB579CF1BC" author="Rahm" box="[952,1004,732,754]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1932) Freilebende Nematoden, Rotatorien und Tardigraden aus Sudamerika (besonders aus Chile). Zoologisher Anzeiger, 98, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
)
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4AD5BAEC5635F05E" bold="true" box="[199,581,762,784]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4AD5BAEC5534F05E" bold="true" box="[199,324,762,784]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Terra typica</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4B40BAED55FCF05E" box="[338,396,762,784]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
(South
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4BF2BAED564EF05E" box="[480,574,762,784]" name="United States of America" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">America</collectingCountry>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4A85BB0E5492F061" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" box="[151,226,793,815]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BB0E5492F061" bold="true" box="[151,226,793,815]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4A85BB0E54ADF061" box="[151,221,793,815]" name="Brazil" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BB2E5599F000" box="[151,489,824,846]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFFBE7A1E4AD5BB2F5568F000" box="[199,280,824,846]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="-23.533333">23°32S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFFBE7A1E4B30BB2F550BF000" box="[290,379,824,846]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="-46.633335">46°38W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFFBE7A1E4B95BB2F55B5F000" box="[391,453,824,846]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4BE5BB2F56FBF000" bold="true" box="[503,651,824,846]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus id="549DAF9AFFBE7A1E4BE5BB2F565CF000" box="[503,556,824,846]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
Locality
</emphasis>
: São Paulo State, neighbourhood of São Paulo, mosses.
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4ED4BB2F51E2F000" bold="true" box="[1222,1426,824,846]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E4ED4BB2F513BF000" author="Rahm" box="[1222,1355,824,846]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1931) Tardigrada of the South of America. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 35, 118 - 141." type="journal article" year="1931">Rahm (1931</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E4F44BB2F51FAF000" author="Rahm" box="[1366,1418,824,846]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1932) Freilebende Nematoden, Rotatorien und Tardigraden aus Sudamerika (besonders aus Chile). Zoologisher Anzeiger, 98, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4A85BB4154A9F022" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" box="[151,217,854,876]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BB4154A9F022" bold="true" box="[151,217,854,876]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4A85BB4154A4F022" box="[151,212,854,876]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4A85BB615784F0E4" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BB6155F1F0C5" box="[151,385,885,907]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFFBE7A1E4ADABB625569F0C5" box="[200,281,885,907]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="-33.333332">33°20S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFFBE7A1E4B36BB62550BF0C5" box="[292,379,885,907]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="925" value="-70.6">70°36W</geoCoordinate>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4B9BBB625672F0C5" bold="true" box="[393,514,885,907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFFBE7A1E4B9BBB6255AEF0C5" box="[393,478,885,907]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="1.4">1,400 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4802BB6256D5F0C5" bold="true" box="[528,677,885,907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus id="549DAF9AFFBE7A1E4802BB625635F0C5" box="[528,581,885,907]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
Locality
</emphasis>
: Region RM Metropolitana (Región Metropolitana de Santiago), Santiago de
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4AF5BB83556EF0E4" box="[231,286,916,938]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
and vicinity, Manquehue Mt., dry soil and mosses.
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E493BBB835784F0E4" bold="true" box="[809,1012,916,938]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E493BBB8357DEF0E4" author="Rahm" box="[809,942,916,938]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1931) Tardigrada of the South of America. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 35, 118 - 141." type="journal article" year="1931">Rahm (1931</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FFBE7A1E49ABBB83579DF0E4" author="Rahm" box="[953,1005,916,938]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refString="Rahm, G. (1932) Freilebende Nematoden, Rotatorien und Tardigraden aus Sudamerika (besonders aus Chile). Zoologisher Anzeiger, 98, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4A85BBA556EBF085" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" box="[151,667,946,971]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BBA55518F085" bold="true" box="[151,360,946,971]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Record numbers:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4B7DBBA555C8F085" box="[367,440,946,971]" name="Brazil" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: 1,
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4BCCBBA5566BF085" box="[478,539,946,971]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
1;
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E482DBBA556EBF085" bold="true" box="[575,667,946,971]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">total: 2.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C42B3FFBE7A1E4A85BBC1555AF715" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B991138FFBE7A1E4A85BBC1555AF715" blockId="34.[151,1436,695,1115]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4A85BBC1557DF0A1" bold="true" box="[151,269,982,1007]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks:</emphasis>
Subspecies reported from single localities in
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4902BBC1573CF0A1" box="[784,844,982,1007]" name="Chile" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Chile</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FFBE7A1E4996BBC157BCF0A1" box="[900,972,982,1007]" name="Brazil" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. If the three dorsal spines that define this taxon are not an artefact (
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4BE2BBEB5662F75D" box="[496,530,1020,1043]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">i.e.</emphasis>
cuticular folds observed in some
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFFBE7A1E498ABBED507EF75D" box="[920,1038,1018,1043]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Aphroditidae" genus="Milnesium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E498ABBED507EF75D" box="[920,1038,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Milnesium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species), the subspecies should be elevated to a species level, however this requires a redescription based on
<typeStatus id="549DAF9AFFBE7A1E4E38BC08502AF779" box="[1066,1114,1055,1079]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">type</typeStatus>
material (Michalczyk
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFFBE7A1E4F73BC0851ECF779" box="[1377,1436,1054,1079]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
2012ab).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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