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<document id="EC9117960A1FF2EAF0010A26F12C871C" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3923.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2822ae22-53bb-45c1-b3a3-49f7b6c0fb53" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="241936" ID-ZooBank="2305A96C-0A03-4524-93AA-90359893A4DD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460998774137" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Michalczyk, Łukasz &amp; Mcinnes, Sandra J." docDate="2015" docId="038FA02EFF957A354A85BB7A56F4F555" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03923p107.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3923 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Echiniscus arctomys subsp. sensu Kaczmarek, Michalczyk &amp; Mcinnes, 2015, sensu" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFB6D856FF9C7A3C4A12B8175470F34E" masterDocTitle="Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698564022090" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7C7131E1479D5014B1539CF7600ED037">Annotated zoogeography of non-marine Tardigrada. Part II: South America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F90280A7A0A23B84F663B8C6171E87C">Kaczmarek, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF63B794BD2D200580FD0021A73081FF">Michalczyk, Łukasz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9EE0DDA52E4AD2FF7F06CEBF4348F022">Mcinnes, Sandra J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="18570AF28B43BB4E129F722C9E62BB0D">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038FA02EFF957A354A85BB7A56F4F555" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5687834" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119598333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5687834" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038FA02EFF957A354A85BB7A56F4F555" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038FA02EFF957A354A85BB7A56F4F555" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="C33C42B3FF957A354A85BB7A5754F0C8" box="[151,804,877,902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BB7A5754F0C8" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" box="[151,804,877,902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0D1A654FF957A354A85BB7A5754F0C8" bold="true" box="[151,804,877,902]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BB7A5754F0C8" bold="true" box="[151,804,877,902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
10.
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354AD3BB7A56B5F0CB" box="[193,709,877,902]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="subSpecies" species="arctomys" subSpecies="sensu">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354AD3BB7A55DFF0CB" bold="true" box="[193,431,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Echiniscus arctomys</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354BA4BB7A560DF0C8" author="Ehrenberg" box="[438,637,877,902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ehrenberg, C. G. (1853) Diagnoses novarum formarum. Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 8, 526 - 533." type="journal article" year="1853">Ehrenberg, 1853</bibRefCitation>
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354896BB7956B5F0CB" bold="true" box="[644,709,878,901]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2617051FF957A354896BB7956B5F0CB" box="[644,709,878,901]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" sensu="lato">sensu</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lato [T]
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C42B3FF957A354AD5BB8556A5F7B5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354AD5BB85564AF0E9" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" box="[199,570,913,935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354AD5BB85564AF0E9" bold="true" box="[199,570,913,935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354AD5BB855534F0E9" bold="true" box="[199,324,913,935]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Terra typica</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FF957A354B40BB8655A3F0E9" box="[338,467,913,935]" name="Switzerland" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(Europe)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BBA7557CF088" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" box="[151,268,944,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BBA7557CF088" bold="true" box="[151,268,944,966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FF957A354A85BBA75579F088" box="[151,265,944,966]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Argentina</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BBC757CAF74D" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BBC755F0F0AA" box="[151,384,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
•
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354ADABBD95569F0AA" box="[200,281,974,996]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-41.983334">41°59′S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354B31BBD9550AF0AA" box="[291,378,974,996]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-71.566666">71°34′W</geoCoordinate>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B94BBD9559AF0AA" bold="true" box="[390,490,974,996]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFF957A354B94BBD955B7F0AA" box="[390,455,974,996]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, Valley of Rio Azul, mosses on tree (
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354EBABBC7510AF0AB" box="[1192,1402,976,997]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Myrceugenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="exupca">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354EBABBC7510AF0AB" box="[1192,1402,976,997]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Myrceugenia exupca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in the
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354AFCBBF956EAF74D" box="[238,666,1005,1027]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354AFCBBF955B1F74D" box="[238,449,1006,1027]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Myrceugenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="exupca">Myrceugenia exupca</taxonomicName>
-
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354BDBBBFA56EAF74D" box="[457,666,1005,1027]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="dombeyi">Nothofagus dombeyi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
marsh forest.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354939BBFA57CAF74D" author="Iharos" box="[811,954,1005,1027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Iharos, G. (1963) The zoological results of Gy. Topal's collections in South Argentina, 3. Tardigrada. Annales Historico Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 55, 293 - 299." type="journal article" year="1963">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354939BBFA57CAF74D" bold="true" box="[811,954,1005,1027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iharos (1963)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BC1A5715F70E" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BC1A55F1F76C" box="[151,385,1036,1058]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
•
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354ADABC1B5569F76C" box="[200,281,1036,1058]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-41.983334">41°59′S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354B31BC1B550BF76C" box="[291,379,1036,1058]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-71.51667">71°31′W</geoCoordinate>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B95BC1B559CF76C" bold="true" box="[391,492,1036,1058]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFF957A354B95BC1B55B8F76C" box="[391,456,1036,1058]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
: Rio Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., mosses on wet cliff of promontory, partly on soil and mosses on dry ledge (2 samples).
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A3548C4BC3D5715F70E" author="Iharos" box="[726,869,1066,1088]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Iharos, G. (1963) The zoological results of Gy. Topal's collections in South Argentina, 3. Tardigrada. Annales Historico Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 55, 293 - 299." type="journal article" year="1963">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A3548C4BC3D5715F70E" bold="true" box="[726,869,1066,1088]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iharos (1963)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BC5D5583F730" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BC5D55F1F711" box="[151,385,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
•
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354ADABC5E5569F711" box="[200,281,1097,1119]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-41.983334">41°59′S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354B31BC5E550AF711" box="[291,378,1097,1119]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-71.51667">71°31′W</geoCoordinate>
;
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B9ABC5E559DF711" bold="true" box="[392,493,1097,1119]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFF957A354B9ABC5E55B9F711" box="[392,457,1097,1119]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="460.0">460 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
: Negro Province, El Bolsón, foot of Piltriquitron Mt., live and decayed mosses on and under stones on cliff.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354B76BC7F5583F730" author="Iharos" box="[356,499,1128,1150]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Iharos, G. (1963) The zoological results of Gy. Topal's collections in South Argentina, 3. Tardigrada. Annales Historico Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 55, 293 - 299." type="journal article" year="1963">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B76BC7F5583F730" bold="true" box="[356,499,1128,1150]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Iharos (1963)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BC915492F7D2" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" box="[151,226,1158,1180]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BC915492F7D2" bold="true" box="[151,226,1158,1180]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FF957A354A85BC9154ADF7D2" box="[151,221,1158,1180]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BCB155A6F794" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BCB15581F7F5" box="[151,497,1189,1211]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
•
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354ADABCB25569F7F5" box="[200,281,1189,1211]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-22.966667">22°58′S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE1277FFFF957A354B37BCB2550DF7F5" box="[293,381,1189,1211]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-43.25">43°15′W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4CDEBCDDFF957A354B99BCB255BBF7F5" box="[395,459,1189,1211]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="450.0">450 m</quantity>
asl
</emphasis>
: Rio de Janeiro State, neighbourhood of Rio de Janeiro, Tijuca National Park, mosses and algae.
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B19BCD355A6F794" bold="true" box="[267,470,1220,1242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354B19BCD355E0F794" author="Rahm" box="[267,400,1220,1242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Rahm, G. (1931) Tardigrada of the South of America. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 35, 118 - 141." type="journal article" year="1931">Rahm (1931</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354B89BCD355BFF794" author="Rahm" box="[411,463,1220,1242]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Rahm, G. (1932) Freilebende Nematoden, Rotatorien und Tardigraden aus Sudamerika (besonders aus Chile). Zoologisher Anzeiger, 98, 94 - 128." type="journal article" year="1932">1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BCF556A5F7B5" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" box="[151,725,1250,1275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BCF55518F7B5" bold="true" box="[151,360,1250,1275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Record numbers:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FF957A354B7DBCF55593F7B5" box="[367,483,1250,1275]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Argentina</collectingCountry>
: 3,
<collectingCountry id="F33151A8FF957A35481BBCF55622F7B5" box="[521,594,1250,1275]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: 1;
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A35486BBCF556A5F7B5" bold="true" box="[633,725,1250,1275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">total: 4.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33C42B3FF957A354A85BD1156F4F555" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354A85BD1155CDF69D" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354A85BD11557DF651" bold="true" box="[151,269,1286,1311]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Remarks:</emphasis>
Currently
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354B9BBD10567FF650" box="[393,527,1287,1310]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="arctomys">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354B9BBD10567FF650" box="[393,527,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E. arctomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered a species complex nested within a larger group (
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354EC9BD105131F650" box="[1243,1345,1287,1310]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="arctomys">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354EC9BD105131F650" box="[1243,1345,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">arctomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group -
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354AD5BD3B5575F60D" box="[199,261,1324,1347]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354B1FBD3D563CF60D" author="Ramazzotti" box="[269,588,1322,1347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354B1FBD3D55FDF60D" box="[269,397,1322,1347]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="ramazzotti">Ramazzotti</taxonomicName>
&amp; Maucci 1983
</bibRefCitation>
), defined via a single pair of body cirri but with variable cuticle sculpture and other morphological traits. The loss of body cirri is a potential homoplasy while diverse cuticular sculpture and other traits require a number of evolutionary steps, so it is very likely that the
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354E8ABD63508DF6C5" box="[1176,1277,1396,1419]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Echiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="arctomys">
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354E8ABD63508DF6C5" box="[1176,1277,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">arctomys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (
<emphasis id="B952CD2AFF957A354F4CBD6351ECF6C5" box="[1374,1436,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354AD5BD81567CF6E1" author="Ramazzotti" box="[199,524,1430,1455]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ramazzotti, G. &amp; Maucci, W. (1983) Il Phylum Tardigrada. Memorie dell'Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, 41, 1 - 1012." type="journal article" year="1983">
<taxonomicName id="4C266ABBFF957A354AD5BD815537F6E1" box="[199,327,1430,1455]" class="Heterotardigrada" family="Echiniscidae" genus="Pseudechiniscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Echiniscoidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tardigrada" rank="species" species="ramazzotti">Ramazzotti</taxonomicName>
&amp; Maucci 1983
</bibRefCitation>
) is polyphyletic, but this has to be verified via integrated morphological and molecular techniques.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B991138FF957A354AD5BDC956F4F555" blockId="9.[151,1436,877,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The nominal species of the complex was originally described from Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB76CC9FF957A354E27BDC9509FF6B9" author="Ehrenberg" box="[1077,1263,1502,1527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Ehrenberg, C. G. (1853) Diagnoses novarum formarum. Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 8, 526 - 533." type="journal article" year="1853">Ehrenberg 1853</bibRefCitation>
), so this South American record requires confirmation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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