137 lines
14 KiB
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137 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="D4212986790C5429F6B7AA2123C8B736" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B3CFF86FF56FCE7FB88FAB6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Astrogorgia" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="30E5A31F8AAF10E6BD4EB19456F9B5FE">
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<mods:title id="74DF25753678F01AA6B0800F608AB2D5">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="602A28310A4BCA328C4ED4D88A9BA2FA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="82E6A5CF5AAEB4859CB489BE36E1C5DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9853D839930055346C11CB364CA358EA">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="80CA888B1B74BCD5296E100E116CC368" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F1EF88E0149661D6C57396CEDAF9D68A" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="393CEA30AC4E00BB7309D6C36F155ACF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="414784024DA34391EC0D018E8EBC11CB">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="536C1AF100DB5850305C9BFC194DFDA8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5801-4681</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="86B37C2064B657608C5D42D715996317" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="96ED60635392F5AC0FEF809F2CBF2B00" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D4D3131813CAC32378072B78941FBD35">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="AFBE002A1C02D33F092E57A90209A294" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0DCAE582F0115A508BCE1977E7D3E0A2" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A671E357E2371EDD91FBD19AE77EF560">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DFCBD0ED74319E6CCE6883C6E8375315">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="79A303B02BB6D2AF4C19D0ABDDB1724E">
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<mods:date id="DECD25467AD158042D0F2C2874A4CFAC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="94965EB78F35EE02228B75AC7DE18023">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="71622E6C7AD45C79B6143AD52E87E85D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="962CCF97E90E5400752B8581FFDB8BE6">5236</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="8DD0B9C9F2DF2664DF18D80EA1610AA8" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F4EBCC426B1F01DFDF06CE13B4042C0E">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9340A8B1A82CEF977A4B5B606AC054B0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D1DCFAEEADA38167F66248107607FACA">124</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="5C038DE945315EF5166B2066D24D9765">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A92961DC000D32B5624EB8FD9908A82C" type="CLB-Dataset">54753</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D7CC43C91D8D8567732B29B1437F403" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="762814C3AB44E918DC3F2179928FDA51" type="GBIF-Dataset">64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="89084F5C7039FF49BEB72086F2508C8D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B3CFF86FF56FCE7FB88FAB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640889" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291176" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640889" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B3CFF86FF56FCE7FB88FAB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B3CFF86FF56FCE7FB88FAB6" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B3CFF86FF56FCE7FE79FCF6" box="[151,391,798,825]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3CFF86FF56FCE7FE79FCF6" blockId="42.[151,391,798,825]" box="[151,391,798,825]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B3CFF86FF56FCE7FE79FCF6" bold="true" box="[151,391,798,825]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FF56FCE7FE79FCF6" bold="true" box="[151,391,798,825]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Genus:
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FF39FCE6FE79FCF6" ID-CoL="84M33" ID-ENA="287910" authority="Verrill, 1868" box="[248,391,799,825]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FF39FCE6FE79FCF6" bold="true" box="[248,391,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B3CFF86FF56FC9FFB88FAB6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3CFF86FF56FC9FFF0DFB96" blockId="42.[151,1437,870,1401]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FF56FC9FFE62FC4E" bold="true" box="[151,412,870,897]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Preliminary remarks:</emphasis>
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Species of this genus are extremely difficult to identify because they virtually only contain spindles, and attempts to recognise different taxa are heavily reliant on detailed analyses of the shape and tuberculation of the sclerites and their arrangement in the polyps and calyces being clearly presented in species descriptions. Additionally, branching tends to be irregular and may not differ greatly between species. Any descriptions should ideally be based on multiple specimens to try to cope with character differences that may only be due to intraspecific variation and species can only be separated if descriptions contain these fine details. Unfortunately, such descriptions are rare.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B3CFF86FF06FB9AFB88FAB6" blockId="42.[151,1437,870,1401]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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As mentioned above for the acanthogorgiid genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FD2AFB9AFCA8FBB2" box="[747,854,1123,1149]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FD2AFB9AFCA8FBB2" box="[747,854,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Muricella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, owing to early confusion, species of that genus were thought to have a calyx and retractile polyps, and consequently most species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FBD5FB7EFB81FB6E" box="[1044,1151,1159,1185]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FBD5FB7EFB81FB6E" box="[1044,1151,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Muricella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the older literature are actually species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FE9EFB52FE1EFB0A" box="[351,480,1195,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FE9EFB52FE1EFB0A" box="[351,480,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the family
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FDB1FB52FD0AFB0A" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1859" box="[624,756,1195,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Plexauridae</taxonomicName>
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.The genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FCACFB52FBDFFB0A" box="[877,1057,1195,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Acanthomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FCACFB52FBDFFB0A" box="[877,1057,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Acanthomuricea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a junior synonym of
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FAD5FB52FA63FB0A" box="[1300,1437,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FAD5FB52FA67FB0A" box="[1300,1433,1195,1221]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Astrogorgia</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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It was employed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3CFF86FEB6FB36FDADFB26" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[375,595,1230,1257]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff (1999: 45</bibRefCitation>
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&
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3CFF86FDB6FB36FD24FB26" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[631,730,1231,1257]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref101466" refString="Grasshoff, M. (2000) The gorgonians of the Sinai coast and the Strait of Gubal, Red Sea (Coelenterata, Octocorallia). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 224, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="2000">2000: 76</bibRefCitation>
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) only for practical reasons to separate those
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FB04FB36FA62FB26" box="[1221,1436,1231,1257]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FB04FB36FAB8FB26" box="[1221,1350,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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where some of the coenenchymal spindles are very long and exceed the width of the branch on which they occur, but herein only the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FE42FAEEFDFAFAFE" box="[387,516,1303,1329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FE42FAEEFDFAFAFE" box="[387,516,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is used. There are 32 nominal species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FC7CFAEEFBC0FAFE" box="[957,1086,1303,1329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FC7CFAEEFBC0FAFE" box="[957,1086,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FBB0FAEEFADBFAFE" box="[1137,1317,1303,1329]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Acanthomuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FBB0FAEEFADBFAFE" box="[1137,1317,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Acanthomuricea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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combined, and similar to what
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B3CFF86FEB9FAC2FCD3FA9A" author="Samimi-Namin, K. & van Ofwegen, L. P." box="[376,813,1339,1365]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref106331" refString="Samimi-Namin, K. & van Ofwegen, L. P. (2009) Some shallow water octocorals (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of the Persian Gulf. Zootaxa, 2058 (1), 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2058.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Samimi-Namin & van Ofwegen (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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said about
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FC70FAC2FBE2FA9A" box="[945,1052,1339,1365]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acanthogorgiidae" genus="Muricella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FC70FAC2FBE2FA9A" box="[945,1052,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Muricella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, we believe that without thorough revision of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B3CFF86FE40FAA6FDFCFAB6" box="[385,514,1375,1401]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astrogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B3CFF86FE40FAA6FDFCFAB6" box="[385,514,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Astrogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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it is virtually impossible to identify species of this genus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |