134 lines
13 KiB
XML
134 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045" ID-GBIF-Dataset="520b438a-c989-40ee-9522-bf11d5b80d97" ID-PMC="PMC3088046" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-79-21" ID-PubMed="21594143" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-79-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 79" ModsDocTitle="Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species" checkinTime="1451250809105" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Baldwin, Carole C., Castillo, Cristina I., Weigt, Lee A. & Benjamin C., Victor" docDate="2011" docId="B628CBA0662BC3C529A409311AB22093" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 79: 21-72" docOrigin="ZooKeys 79" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045" docTitle="Starksia williamsi Baldwin & Castillo, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="FF97F44DFFD1CA6FFFCAFFDCE6454965" masterDocTitle="Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668166334148" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Baldwin, Carole C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Castillo, Cristina I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Weigt, Lee A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Benjamin C., Victor</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>79</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>21</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>72</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.79.1045</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-79-21</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159361220" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7C75F463-D33D-4411-8222-BAA0556FDEC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B628CBA0662BC3C529A409311AB22093" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7C75F463-D33D-4411-8222-BAA0556FDEC4" authority="Baldwin & Castillo" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi Baldwin & Castillo</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="14" pageNumber="35">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figs 181011Table 2
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Type Locality:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Saba Bank, Netherland Antilles</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">USNM 387675, sta. SABA-06-12, 21 mmSL, male, Saba Bank (Netherland Antilles), 19 m, 17°14'23"N, 63°26'55"W, 8 Jan 2006, Saba 2006 expedition team.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="paratypes (all saba bank, netherland antilles)">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Paratypes (all Saba Bank, Netherland Antilles).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">All paratypes are non-DNA vouchers except USNM 397396. USNM 397396, sta. SABA-06-01, female, just south of Poison Bank, 17°28.47'N, 63°13.40'W, 24-27 m, 4 Jan 2006 (DNA voucher of SAB 0601010-length unknown, posterior portion of body removed for DNA tissue sample); USNM 399613, sta. SABA-06-12, 3 specimens: (1) 21.5 mm SL male, (1) 22.5 mm SL female, (1) 20.0 mm SL female, 19 m, 17°14'23"N, 63°26'55"W, 8 Jan 2006;USNM 387869, sta. SABA-06-05, 4 specimens: (1) 21.5 mm SL male, (1) 19.5 mm SL male, (1) 19.5 mm SL female, (1) 19 mm SL female, overall bank, east side, 26-28 m, 17°24'36"N, 63°11'45"W, 6 Jan 2006; USNM 388033, sta. SABA-06-25, 8 specimens: (1) 22.5 mm SL male, (1) 20.5 mm SL female (1) 20.0 mm SL female (1) 19.5 mm SL female, (1) 21.5 mm SL male, (3) juveniles 8.5 -11.5 mm SL, near Coral Garden at southeast, 15-18 m, 17°21'10"N, 63°15'08"W, 14 Jan 2006. USNM 388444, sta. SABA-06-21, 4 specimens: (1)18.5 mm SL female, (3) juveniles 7.5-9.0 mm SL, northeastern shallow flats, 20 m, 17°28'03"N, 63°14'59"W, 12 Jan 2006; USNM 387767, (3) females 19.5-20.0 mm SL, (4) juveniles 8.0-11.0 mm SL, sta. SABA-06-01, just south of Poison Bank, groove in reef with sand bottom, 24-27 m, 17°28'47"N, 63°13'40"W, 4 Jan 2006.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="additional material (not dna vouchers, all saba bank, netherland antilles)">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Additional Material (not DNA vouchers, all Saba Bank, Netherland Antilles).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">USNM 388392, 6 specimens; USNM 388589, 3; USNM 387623, 1; USNM 387733, 4; USNM 388355, 2.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="35">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="14" pageNumber="35">
|
||
A species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia" order="Perciformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Starksia</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinguished by the following combination of characters: orbital cirrus present; belly scaled; trunk pale to tan (dark orange/tan to bright orange in life), without distinct bars or other markings; lips without conspicuous white spotting, distinct banding, or dark bars-usually with lightly scattered melanophores
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="36" start="start">in</pageBreakToken>
|
||
preserved specimens; total dorsal elements 27; total vertebrae usually 32; dorsal spines + anal soft rays + vertebrae modally 75.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
See Table 2. Dorsal spines
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="XIX–XX">XIX-XX</normalizedToken>
|
||
, rarely XX (XIX in holotype); segmented dorsal rays 7-8, usually 8 (8); total dorsal elements (27); anal spines II; segmented anal rays 16-17, rarely 17 (16); dorsal segmented caudal-fin rays (7); ventral segmented caudal-fin rays (6); dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays bimodal at 5-6 (6); ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 5-6, rarely 6 (6); segmented pelvic-fin rays 2; pectoral-fin rays 11-13, usually 13 (13); vertebrae 9-10+22= 31-32, rarely 31 (10+22=32); usually one pair of infraorbital pores at 3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
|
||
(one specimen with all infraorbital pores unpaired); orbital cirri present; nape cirri present; anterior nostril cirri present; belly and pectoral-fin base completely scaled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Figure 8. Male and female color patterns of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia williamsi" order="Perciformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="williamsi">Starksia williamsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
: A USNM 387869, 19.5 mm SL, male, paratype B USNM 387767, 20.2 mm SL, female, paratype. Photographs by Jeffrey Williams.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Specimens examined ranging from 18.5 mm to 22.5 mm SL; HL 34-38% SL; male genital-papilla length between two-thirds and three-fourths length of first anal spine, papilla 1.0-1.25 mm and free from spine.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="pigment">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Pigment.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
|
||
Trunk dark orange/tan to bright orange, color nearly uniform-i.e., without indistinct dark bars and pale areas; two small (less than half pupil diameter) dark spots on posterior portion of trunk, one at posterior end of dorsal fin and one at posterior base of anal fin. Both sexes with orange heads, a few small pale spots on lips and lacrimal region, and six or seven white spots around pupil, spots separated by darker areas (effectively a candy-stripe pattern). Males with prominent dark blotch on cheek and uniformly orange/tan lips; females without dark blotch on cheek and with mottling of orange and pale blotches on lips. Males with red pigment on dorsal fin largely confined to blotches at base and little red pigment on rest of fin and other median fins (but with numerous melanophores on dorsal, caudal, and anal fins); females
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="37" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
|
||
bright orange spotting on dorsal, anal, and caudal fins (but without prominent melanophores except one dark spot sometimes present in anterior portion of spinous dorsal); males with yellowish brown pectoral fin, females with orange pectoral fin; pelvic fin clear.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="37" type="color in preservative">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Color in preservative.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Males tan, usually with fairly heavy pigment on head, trunk, and dorsal-, anal-, outer caudal-, and posterior portions of pectoral-fin rays; prominent dark blotch on cheek retained in preservative; no dark spots, streaks or bars on lips. Females mostly pale, sometimes with noticeable concentrations of melanophores on cheek, jaws and gular region, but no prominent dark cheek blotch; lightly scattered melanophores usually present on branchiostegals, opercle, belly, median and pectoral fins; no conspicuous pattern of dark and pale blotches on lips, but light bar present across lips just posterior to symphysis and sometimes a few spots present just anterior to end of upper and lower jaws; posterior tips of upper and lower jaws usually pale.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
|
||
Named in honor of Jeffrey T. Williams,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Smithsonian’s">Smithsonian's</normalizedToken>
|
||
National Museum of Natural History, in recognition of his work on blennioid fishes, including
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labrisomidae" genus="Starksia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Starksia" order="Perciformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Starksia</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jeff’s">Jeff's</normalizedToken>
|
||
field-collecting efforts at Saba Bank, Tobago, and Turks and Caicos resulted in numerous specimens utilized in this study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="37">Known only from Saba Bank, Netherland Antilles.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |