360 lines
32 KiB
XML
360 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6162ab6f-6b50-40ee-b28e-c72eee01e99e" ID-PMC="PMC5996013" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-763-1" ID-PubMed="29896045" ID-ZBK="90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-763-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 763" ModsDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)" checkinTime="1528130281812" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goulding, Tricia C., Khalil, Munawar, Tan, Shau Hwai & Dayrat, Benoit" docDate="2018" docId="61D44A71264FE5B28159CE18B0B2D16B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 763: 1-111" docOrigin="ZooKeys 763" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252" docTitle="Wallaconchis melanesiensis Goulding & Dayrat, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="31E8A78F-1DF3-4B41-A6EB-F0E5F515299A" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFF78434FFEAFFF5FFBBF264B1300C6B" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668165860460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomy of a new and highly-diverse genus of onchidiid slugs from the Coral Triangle (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Onchidiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goulding, Tricia C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Khalil, Munawar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tan, Shau Hwai</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dayrat, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>763</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>111</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.763.21252</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-763-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">90B772554C5E436CA793D924892B5B14</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="144234922" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:31E8A78F-1DF3-4B41-A6EB-F0E5F515299A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/61D44A71264FE5B28159CE18B0B2D16B" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/31E8A78F-1DF3-4B41-A6EB-F0E5F515299A" authority="Goulding & Dayrat" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis Goulding & Dayrat</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Papua New Guinea, Madang, SW Hargun Island,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-5.0266666">05°01.60'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="145.79834">145°47.90'E</geoCoordinate>
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, st PM24, night tide.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype, 13/10 mm [5417], designated here (IM-2013-13761).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Indonesia, Lombok, Seriwe Bay,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-8.861667">08°51.70'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="116.54784">116°32.87'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 27/14 mm [2963], st 147, small beach of coral rubble and rocks (UMIZ 00070); Sulawesi, Tamperong,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.6918333">01°41.51'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="125.013336">125°00.80'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 8/7 mm [2202], st 85, sand and small rocks outside a mangrove (UMIZ 00066); Sulawesi, Bahoi,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.7226667">01°43.36'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="125.0205">125°01.23'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 26/17 mm [2215], st 88, sand and small rocks outside a mangrove (UMIZ 00067); Ambon, Haruku Island,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-3.6086667">03°36.52'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.41783">128°25.07'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 3 specimens 31/25 mm [2735], 31/25 mm [2732], and 13/8 mm [2733], st 127, rocky
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<taxonomicName class="Cephalopoda" family="Hoplitidae" genus="Sonneratia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sonneratia" order="Ammonoidea" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Sonneratia</taxonomicName>
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mangrove with coral rubble (UMIZ 00068); Halmahera, Sofifi,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.7566667">00°45.40'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.59116">127°35.47'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 15/8 mm [5065], st 204, muddy, rocky intertidal (UMIZ 00065); Halmahera, Foli,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.2443333">01°14.66'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.17683">128°10.61'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4 specimens 27/17 mm [5133], 25/19 mm [5131], 23/18 mm [5132], and 22/13 mm [5026], st 217, large rocks with algae high in intertidal of beach (UMIZ 00069). Papua New Guinea, Madang, SW Hargun Island,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-5.0266666">05°01.60'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="145.79834">145°47.90'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 17/14 mm [5421], st PM24, night tide (IM-2013-14039); Madang, SW Hargun Island,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-5.0266666">05°01.60'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="145.79834">145°47.90'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 7/6 mm [5446], st PM24, night tide (IM-2013-14046); New Ireland, Kavieng,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-2.6833334">02°41.00'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="150.95">150°57.00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 19/18 mm [6089], st KM05, mixed hard platform and seagrass bed at outlet of rivulet (IM-2013-53524); New Ireland, Kavieng,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-2.6833334">02°41.00'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="150.95">150°57.00'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 20/15 mm [6090], st KM05, mixed hard platform and seagrass bed at outlet of rivulet (IM-2013-53522). Vanuatu, Santo Rose Point,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-15.581667">15°34.90'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="167.04">167°02.40'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 14/13 mm [5483], st VM02, intertidal, coral sand (IM-2013-62405); Santo Rose Point,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-15.581667">15°34.90'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="167.04">167°02.40'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1 specimen 14/12 mm [5484], st VM02, intertidal, coral sand (IM-2013-62406).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Indonesia: Ambon, Halmahera, and Sulawesi. Papua New Guinea: Madang and Kavieng. Vanuatu.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Fig. 59, Table 3).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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is found in the rocky intertidal, on rocks or large pieces of coral rubble generally covered by a thin mat of algae.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 59. Habitats,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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, Indonesia. A Halmahera, Foli, large rocks with algae high in intertidal (st 217) B Close-up of boulder showing the algae where the onchidiid was found (same locality as A) C Lombok, Seriwe Bay, narrow rocky beach between a cliff and the sea water D Halmahera, Sofifi, muddy, rocky intertidal (st 204).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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is named after the region of Melanesia, as it is the only
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species found in Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Table 5). Externally,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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cannot be distinguished from grey or black specimens of other
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species. Internally, the combination of a narrow penis, an apple-shaped spermatheca, and a free oviduct (not attached to the body wall by fibers) distinguishes
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. melanesiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">W. melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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from all
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
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species except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="W. comendadori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="comendadori">W. comendadori</taxonomicName>
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, from which it differs by a shorter penis and a less convoluted deferent duct (in the anterior copulatory apparatus).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="color and morphology of live animals">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Color and morphology of live animals</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(Fig. 60). The dorsal notum is generally grey, but may be blackish red. The ocular tentacles are dark grey. The hyponotum is light grey. The foot is yellow-orange.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 60. Live specimens,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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, Indonesia. A Dorsal view, 25 mm long [5131], Halmahera (UMIZ 00069) B Dorsal view, 27 mm long [5133], Halmahera (UMIZ 00069) C Holotype, dorsal view, 15 mm long [5065], Halmahera (UMIZ 00065) D Dorsal view, 23 mm long [5132], Halmahera (UMIZ 00069) E Dorsal view, 27 mm long [2963], Lombok (UMIZ 00070) F Dorsal view, 43 mm long [2735], Ambon (UMIZ 00068) G Ventral view, same as B H Ventral view, same as C.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="external morphology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Between eight and ten papillae bear dorsal eyes (three or four per papilla). There is a retractable papilla with eyes in the center of the dorsal notum, which is not raised above the other papillae.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="digestive system">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Digestive system</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Figs 61-62, Table 4). Examples of radular formulae are presented in Table 4. The length of the rachidian teeth is approximately 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, significantly smaller than that of the lateral teeth. The length of the hook of the lateral teeth gradually increases (from 30 to 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from the inner to the outer teeth (excluding the innermost and outermost lateral teeth which are significantly smaller). The intestinal loops are of type I.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 61. Radula,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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, Indonesia (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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) Halmahera [5132] (UMIZ 00069) (D) Ambon [2733] (UMIZ 00068). A Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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B Rachidian and inner left lateral teeth, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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C Transition between inner lateral teeth and outer lateral teeth, scale bar 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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D Outermost lateral teeth, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 62. Radula,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
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, Vanuatu [5484] (IM-2013-62406). A Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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B Rachidian and inner left lateral teeth, scale bar 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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C Transition between inner lateral teeth and outer lateral teeth, scale bar 100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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D Outermost lateral teeth, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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E Hook of left lateral teeth from underneath, without basal lateral spine, scale bar 30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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F Hook of left lateral teeth from underneath, without basal lateral spine, scale bar 20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reproductive system">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Reproductive system</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">(Fig. 63). The oviduct is narrow (approximately the same width as the deferent duct). The spermatheca is apple-shaped, with two lobes, and joins the oviduct through a short duct.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Figure 63. Reproductive system, hermaphroditic (female), posterior parts,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis." order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis.">Wallaconchis melanesiensis.</taxonomicName>
|
||
A Indonesia, Halmahera, scale bar 2 mm [5131] (UMIZ 00069) B Vanuatu, scale bar 1 mm [5484] (IM-2013-62406) C Indonesia, Lombok, scale bar 2.4 mm [2963] (UMIZ 00070). Abbreviations: dd deferent duct fgm female gland mass hd hermaphroditic duct hg hermaphroditic gland ov oviduct rs receptaculum seminis sp spermatheca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="copulatory apparatus">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Copulatory apparatus</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
(Figs 64-65). The penis (from 0.5 to 1 mm long) is extremely narrow (approximately 20-30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) and smooth with no hooks (Fig. 65). The penial sheath is narrow proximally and widens distally into a vestibule (of which the shape varies) (Fig. 64). The penis is within the proximal region of the vestibule, i.e., near the end of the penial sheath (Fig. 64A). The deferent duct is highly convoluted. The length of the penial sheath is approximately two thirds of the body cavity. The deferent duct is thicker than the penial sheath (excluding the vestibule). The retractor muscle is narrow and inserts at the posterior end of the body cavity, near the rectum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 64. Reproductive system, anterior, male copulatory parts,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A Vanuatu, scale bar 1 mm [5484] (IM-2013-62406) B Indonesia, Halmahera, scale bar 2 mm [5132] (UMIZ 00069) C Indonesia, Lombok, scale bar 2 mm [2963] (UMIZ 00070). Abbreviations: dd deferent duct p penis ps penial sheath rm retractor muscle v vestibule.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Figure 65. Penis,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Papua New Guinea, Madang, scale bar 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
[5421] (IM-2013-14039).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis melanesiensis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">Wallaconchis melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species found in New Ireland (Papua New Guinea), which is the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium granulosum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="granulosum">Onchidium granulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Lesson, 1826.
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lesson’s">Lesson's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1826: pl. 14, fig. 2) illustration of the dorsal notum and his written description of small, dorsal tubercles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lesson 1830</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are similar to the granular dorsal notum of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmann, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Jena)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="29 - 118" title="Zur Kenntnis der Oncidiiden." volume="55" year="1928">Hoffmann (1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:86) considered
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium granulosum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="granulosum">Onchidium granulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be part of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Oncis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncis (Platevindex)" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Platevindex">Oncis (Platevindex)</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Oncis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncis lata" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lata">Oncis lata</taxonomicName>
|
||
to be a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. granulosum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="granulosum">O. granulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium granulosum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="granulosum">Onchidium granulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Platevindex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platevindex" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Platevindex</taxonomicName>
|
||
because the foot originally illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lesson (1826</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 14, fig. 2B) is much wider than the very narrow foot of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Platevindex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platevindex" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Platevindex</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. However, while the width of the foot indicates it does not belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Platevindex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platevindex" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Platevindex</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is not enough information to confirm it is a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Because Lesson did not describe or illustrate the internal anatomy and because the type material is lost,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium granulosum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="granulosum">Onchidium granulosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is regarded here as a nomen dubium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The application of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium cinereum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinereum">Onchidium cinereum</taxonomicName>
|
||
Quoy & Gaimard, 1832 (with a type locality in Tonga) has remained confusing. The original description is short and uninformative. The type material was not located. At this stage, it cannot be determined whether
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium cinereum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinereum">Onchidium cinereum</taxonomicName>
|
||
applies to a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Peronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peronia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Peronia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or another genus. Therefore,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Onchidium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Onchidium cinereum" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinereum">Onchidium cinereum</taxonomicName>
|
||
is regarded here as a nomen dubium. Semper re-described
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. cinereum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cinereum">O. cinereum</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on Tonga specimens from the collections of the Museum Godeffroy (not part of the type series), and these specimens are part of a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (based on the anatomical characters mentioned). The specimens that Semper examined indicate that a
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species lives in Tonga, which could be
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. comendadori" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="comendadori">W. comendadori</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. melanesiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">W. melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or even a distinct species, but this could not be tested here because we did not have access to Tonga material. Finally, note that
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmann, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher (Jena)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="29 - 118" title="Zur Kenntnis der Oncidiiden." volume="55" year="1928">Hoffmann (1928)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Labbe, A" journalOrPublisher="Annales de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="173 - 246" title="Les Silicodermes (Labbe) du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Premiere partie: Classification, formes nouvelles ou peu connues." volume="14" year="1934">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Labbé">Labbe</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1934)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
commented on
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. cinereum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cinereum">O. cinereum</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Semper’s">Semper's</normalizedToken>
|
||
re-description, not based on the original descriptiotion or new material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Intra-specific genetic divergence is higher in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. melanesiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">W. melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Wallaconchis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Wallaconchis" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Wallaconchis</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Specimens from Vanuatu are 3.8% to 5.6% genetically divergent from the other specimens (from Indonesia and Papua New Guinea). High genetic divergences are even observed between specimens from the same locality (e.g., 3.4% within Vanuatu and Halmahera, and 4.4% within Kavieng, Papua New Guinea). The genetic divergence between the individuals from Vanuatu and those from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia could simply be an artifact of the geographic isolation of Vanuatu. Also, intra-specific divergences up to 5.5% were observed within other onchidiid species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dayrat, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 40" title="Integrative taxonomy of the genus Onchidium Buchannan, 1800 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Onchidiidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.636.8879" volume="636" year="2016">Dayrat et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The presence of a distinct species in Vanuatu cannot be excluded but would result in splitting
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="W. melanesiensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="melanesiensis">W. melanesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
into three or more species, as the specimens from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia are not reciprocally monophyletic with respect to Vanuatu individuals; therefore, specimens from Vanuatu are not currently considered to be a distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |