174 lines
19 KiB
XML
174 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="491FDFFE92DF4DF208A922A63BABEB31">Chenopodiaceae - Fumariaceae (Chenopodium)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DCCA870AAF2448BD624D56AC77E4E5BA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D57E1B384734F212096FCB973ED61110">Jonsell, B., Karlsson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BE8F2A7CFB2033A0826E1645FD42F45F">Flora Nordica</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="55E1A8A52DC9AC76ACDE068CD22BB55B">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="7961E454C997E068A28324E855F677E1">http://antbase.org/ants/publications/FlNordica_chenop/FlNordica_chenop.pdf</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="E4E63C0C0D92DB30F5EB137545276D24" type="Plazi-MODS">FlNordica_chenop</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="545683B6D3BD8B5E27B0B98D52F52C2E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6265386" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125136088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6265386" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:545683B6D3BD8B5E27B0B98D52F52C2E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/545683B6D3BD8B5E27B0B98D52F52C2E" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">
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<subSubSection id="BD6AD06C9C8F09E2DC5AB225025D0393" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C149A9513D6098F5E9F37DAD24C87BFD" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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19.
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<taxonomicName id="EC87E85FB827743FA546B9AEE5278620" ID-CoL="TX9W" ID-ENA="345311" authority="Moq." authorityName="Moq." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">Chenopodium berlandieri Moq.</taxonomicName>
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Figs 3C, 12A, B
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B8AEB3E6B104DEAEE5A743E26438F8E2" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="BA7200FB8AF1A5B3799B839EC21A9698" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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<bibCitation id="56083FF9D4F843C9E9658E9D51471339" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Moquin-Tandon, Chenop. monogr. enum.: 23 (1840)</bibCitation>
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. - Described from Mexico.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="31BE381932C7FC74F0A3A9AB4808F12F" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C9CEF8FAEF80D1C3F46DC48A9CA4619F" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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<taxonomicName id="2532BBD8F79739F03CFFB13F429D6DEE" authority="(Murr) A. Zobel (1909)" authorityName="(Murr) A. Zobel (" authorityYear="1909" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="31" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="berlandieri" subSpecies="zschackei">C. berlandieri subsp. zschackei (Murr) A. Zobel (1909)</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="002C1AACC758B741837FE9D0475246BA" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E2B0455820BEED7CD94A09619330D7CE" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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F teksasinsavikka. N texasmelde. S
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<normalizedToken id="712F46350F9461B4A82C61846D34E632" originalValue="texasmålla" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">texasmalla</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3651637D3919EB94545A18F93A934DD3" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A39B9FD1F43D312826AE0503775EB7E5" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">Therophyte (summer-annual). 30-70(-200) cm. Stem subangular, pale yellow, often striped, sometimes with small red spots in the axils, rarely reddish, hard, erect, branched in the upper part. Leaves with petiole c. 2/3 the length of the blade; blade suborbicular, broadly ovate or ovate to rhombic or trullate (sometimes narrow),</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B9ED68E1B894937CC5F13FB648343F36" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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2-6 cm, green to yellowish,
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<normalizedToken id="6F7D9D9F1D9547CBD76F894600D34A3F" originalValue="±" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">+/-</normalizedToken>
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farinose; base
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<normalizedToken id="7D3AC90C7D9BDB8BE6D8F3E17EF43466" originalValue="±" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">+/-</normalizedToken>
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cuneate; apex acuminate (except in the lowermost and sometimes in the widest leaves); each margin with 1-2 obtuse, sometimes lobe-like teeth at about the middle, entire in the basal half and entire to few-toothed in the apical part. Bracts elliptic or ovate to lanceolate, entire or sometimes slightly 3-lobed; apex distinctly acuminate; margin entire.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5D6AB550E46BC6E681F5E283593335C0" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">Inflorescences bracteate close to the top, often whitish-farinose especially when young, spike-like to narrowly panicle-like; glomerules usually dense. Flowers bisexual or female. Tepals 5, connate halfway, farinose, winged, with wide membranous margin; apex obtuse to acute. Stamens 5. Stigmas 2, to 1 mm. Seed orbicular in outline, 1.2-1.5 mm; edge rounded; seed-coat black, distinctly honeycomb-pitted. - Summer to autumn.</paragraph>
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<caption id="8C2F1F775CBE11020DA5901DDA8785FA" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">
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<paragraph id="2DFA50E55D02E225D62E6F59928C235A" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="caption">
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Fig. 11.
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<taxonomicName id="2F872C84DB1363010BADF532808B4587" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chenopodium</taxonomicName>
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. Habit x 0.35, leaf x 0.5. - A:
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<taxonomicName id="D60B63C6F10B98390ADD91243C83FE74" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="1895" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="striatiforme">C. striatiforme</taxonomicName>
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(01). - B:
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<taxonomicName id="02D97713C2197EC57D04DA6462733E55" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="1017" genus.bestMatchVote="4" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="strictum" subSpecies="strictum">C. strictum subsp. strictum</taxonomicName>
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(U). ILL. MARJA KOISTINEN
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="44747B95BA4C9620345B4F815D9E1020" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">[2n=36]</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2A505A41CFAA1E8FD87C0AFDBC41F8B" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="DBB080934DCD48420A3A29B8ED2B952A" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="mainText">
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Distribution and habitat. Casual (grain mills, ports, railway areas, poultry farms and tips), mainly brought in with grain from North America. - D first record from 1916; NJy
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<normalizedToken id="57C95B4BD27FE19426A6D552B9D53CF1" originalValue="<22>lborg" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Alborg</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="4C753684460118E98821D8DA6E6AF6A2" originalValue="ØJy" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">OJy</normalizedToken>
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Horsens, Vejle,
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<normalizedToken id="875F2AB894F400EE22D471DA2808D2C0" originalValue="<22>rhus" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Arhus</normalizedToken>
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, SJy
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<normalizedToken id="A4048B9A652873965C856C4E488665A4" originalValue="<22>benr<6E>" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Abenra</normalizedToken>
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, FyL Assens, Middelfart and Svendborg,
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<normalizedToken id="9216D5B4F6847BF7C7A5FABEF42110E6" originalValue="Sjæ" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Sjae</normalizedToken>
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numerous records from c. 9 localities, especially in the
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<normalizedToken id="B7608D3353B31F7AE650FFF2936EB4A7" originalValue="Køben" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Koben</normalizedToken>
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havn area, LFM Maribo,
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<normalizedToken id="962F9ED04B9A2780FE5D7B57F28989C1" originalValue="Nykøbing" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Nykobing</normalizedToken>
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. N several records since 1907, mainly 1959 onwards, from Ak Oslo, Vf Larvik (grain mill), Te Skien and Porsgrunn, AA Arendal, VA Kristiansand (refuse tips), Ro Klepp and Stavanger (grain mill), Ho
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<normalizedToken id="214113E5EC8CCC5C476B08FAD69525D9" originalValue="Ølen" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Olen</normalizedToken>
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, Odda, Bergen and
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<normalizedToken id="26392A9C7A4362BFFBF5A6332273EA57" originalValue="Lindås" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Lindas</normalizedToken>
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(poultry farms), SF
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<normalizedToken id="778E234817A56C7B166C2BEFE3C75F41" originalValue="Jølster" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Jolster</normalizedToken>
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(field manured with poultry farm or mill refuse), ST Skaun and Trondheim (grain mills). S Sk c. 10 localities 1908-35,
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<normalizedToken id="BF0B53E49D3EADB4C34F2F99E1363AF8" originalValue="<22>hus" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Ahus</normalizedToken>
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1986, Kim Kalmar 1917, 1923, SmI
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<normalizedToken id="21C752B0558E2770D14C3BB382F717DF" originalValue="Nässjö" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Naessjoe</normalizedToken>
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1923, HI Halmstad 1917, Falkenberg 1925, BhG many records in the
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<normalizedToken id="1EAD48F89810188BA86591072E9918DE" originalValue="Göte" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Goete</normalizedToken>
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borg area 1902-61, Srm
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<normalizedToken id="507CBEF77C0866119115E1836F16FDD1" originalValue="Nyköping" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Nykoeping</normalizedToken>
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1903, 1911 (with cotton from Texas), Nacka numerous records 1913-31, Stockholm 1922, Upl
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<normalizedToken id="FC5171E81C160BFC547DB5B8822768D3" originalValue="Järfälla" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Jaerfaella</normalizedToken>
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1915, Sollentuna 1925, Stockholm several records 1917-30, Uppsala 1926, 1929, Mpd
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<normalizedToken id="95BA0536239077527E956DF923DF5575" originalValue="Timrå" pageId="21" pageNumber="25">Timra</normalizedToken>
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1889, 1903. F since 1930 (mainly 1950's and 1970's) records from VTurku 1959, Naantali 1975-99, Raisio 1947, U Helsinki 1930-99, St Loimaa 1994, EH Nokia 1983, EP Vaasa, Kn Hyrynsalmi 1985 (road bank) and InL Utsjoki (road bank sown with North American grass seed). I IVe Reykjavik 1946, INo Akureyri 1950.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9E85C69145F84E258814530BFCACD186" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="caption">
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<taxonomicName id="FFF4AF8344130AD456EECCB331A1D80F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="strictum" subSpecies="strictum">Chenopodium strictum subsp. strictum</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D4234F18DF8D862D800C712244C2445" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" type="caption">
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<taxonomicName id="33376155CC9F4AB042590BC75565E87F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="21" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">Chenopodium berlandieri</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="6131647E96B42936192D43526A304DC3" pageId="22" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph id="752D28C8D7BA6EA28CA210C6D5CBC996" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="caption">
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<pageBreakToken id="D01475C1B7DA82E1ECCB06BC02B08CBA" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" start="start">Fig</pageBreakToken>
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, 12.
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<taxonomicName id="E96016B5C10D22D48604ADD4350B6268" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chenopodium</taxonomicName>
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. Leaves and inflorescence branches x 0.5. - A, B:
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<taxonomicName id="451CEDDE3FE79F400BB8D2B7A399B915" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="60" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">C. berlandieri</taxonomicName>
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{U, Sk> V, EH). - C:
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<taxonomicName id="6690757F1C50481BAC969D96063DE808" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="765" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hircinum">C. hircinum</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken id="76CA3FD76275DD2530D1FC486E508A24" originalValue="Sjæ" pageId="22" pageNumber="26">Sjae</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="FA2984BB73B5F836B41D2A558879AD67" originalValue="ØJy" pageId="22" pageNumber="26">OJy</normalizedToken>
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, Sjce, U, Sk). - D:
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<taxonomicName id="9A5C2B088C58028193C3F6948B7B6178" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="1787" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="opulifolium">C. opulifolium</taxonomicName>
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(VO- ILL. MARJA KOISTINEN
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="FD5984EA32F885B375A2F91CCFE43783" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="mainText">North America; in Europe anthropochorous.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C97E5A9E6090B2AC53BC0637BAF52D31" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="588F41687D8E517BA240535FBCB61CE7" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="mainText">Biology. Rarely forming ripe seed in Norden.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D45209F27401A7FAD1B6130954D2151" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="mainText">
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Taxonomy.
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<taxonomicName id="161116298765AFC93C8DB40DF31D0EC2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">Chenopodium berlandieri</taxonomicName>
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is widespread and morphologically variable in North America; several races have been described. Most of the plants collected in Norden (and all over Europe) have been referred to
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<taxonomicName id="8B60A0414F62A1D320C1B7FB936FA296" authority="(Murr) A. Zobel" authorityName="(Murr) A. Zobel" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="berlandieri" subSpecies="zschackei">subsp. zschackei (Murr) A. Zobel</taxonomicName>
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, which is also the most widespread race in North America and the only one reported from Canada. However, the variation has not been sufficiently studied in North America, and the use of infraspecific names for European casual material is premature. The relationship between
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<taxonomicName id="E4D6625FFD1E36261466F78BD8D1B995" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="32" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">C. berlandieri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="924E7B2CA786C193CD322C70BE829030" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="345" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hircinum">C. hircinum</taxonomicName>
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(20) should be studied
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<bibCitation id="19DC2184B1D09CC626DDAFCAC1876884" pageId="22" pageNumber="26">(Bassett & Crompton 1982)</bibCitation>
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; both are tetraploids with 2n=36.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E5654CA4AD56A46C6ABCF4EAB2255176" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6500CB65C99D81FB7F06DB6D4647F299" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" type="mainText">
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Similar taxa.
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<taxonomicName id="1ECAF3385C0877108B02BE53C21E82F4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="berlandieri">Chenopodium berlandieri</taxonomicName>
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in fruit is easily recognized by the honeycomb-pitted seeds. - In the vegetative state sometimes taken for
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<taxonomicName id="E7EA50AA7F202D11950969D107331C5C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="918" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="album">C. album</taxonomicName>
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(15) or
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<taxonomicName id="917BDEB8CA86A3CEF836DE060E8FEAFF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" genus.bestMatchDistance="1610" genus.bestMatchVote="2" genus.innerRound="1" genus.outerRound="1" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="22" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="opulifolium">C. opulifolium</taxonomicName>
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(21), but distinguished from both by the combination of yellowish stem, distinctly acuminate and relatively long leaf-blades with few teeth, and winged tepals. - Sometimes also similar to C. hircinum (20), but not stinking and with narrower, less distinctly 3-lobed leaf-blades.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |