247 lines
30 KiB
XML
247 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8A1A2738E5E9B2E4DAAFE4B3C4BB4720">World revision of Iteaphila with unbranched radial vein (Diptera: Empidoidea: Iteaphilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DC040FEC6309F707B0E22FCF304D9684" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="22A67EE5E894FB5C66E61FE85758418C">Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E0822BAC6909D542EC97E1B18499E906" type="email">bradley.sinclair@canada.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4D3D17C48560EF4D91D053E49E2F0DF8">Shamshev, Igor V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F05AB7381B9D50A4B46A446424868545" type="email">bradley.sinclair@canada.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="5B46C8AB062C8AB7F39DF7D3DA53CD98">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A58A037E4984402EA06D4E0E9389AB93">
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<mods:date id="E539A7A90A3F676538C3028C1992D692">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="44277F15E218C4EE5E9697F73CE58341">2021-05-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7EB87A2B89EF9E3EF2863ED6A3AFC8CF">4968</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0E6887D4FF90FFBD4EBCFF5CFABEB368" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4814456" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182399088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4814456" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9E5C6D82-4060-4FA6-8462-5740F09A3D4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E6887D4FF90FFBD4EBCFF5CFABEB368" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF90FFBE4EBCFF5CFE4DB2BC" box="[151,465,151,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EBCFF5CFE4DB2BC" blockId="33.[151,963,151,250]" box="[151,465,151,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="DD3681AEFF90FFBE4EBCFF5CFE4DB2BC" bold="true" box="[151,465,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="41C14D41FF90FFBE4EBCFF5CFEF0B2BF" ID-CoL="9HV3R" authority="Sinclair & Shamshev, 2021" authorityName="Sinclair & Shamshev" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,364,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Iteaphilidae" genus="Iteaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arnaudi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4EBCFF5CFEF0B2BF" bold="true" box="[151,364,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Iteaphila arnaudi</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8657ABFF90FFBE4F58FF5CFE4DB2BC" box="[371,465,151,177]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF90FFBE4EBCFF70FC5FB2F7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EBCFF70FEBBB2D8" blockId="33.[151,963,151,250]" box="[151,295,187,213]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1EFA2A47FF90FFBE4EB4FF70FF6AB2D8" box="[159,246,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,337,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-79@31.[151,1436,309,1819]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 36–40. Male terminalia of Iteaphila with unbranched R 4+5, lateral view. 36, I. longiphallus sp. nov.; 37, I. arnaudi sp. nov.; 38, I. bayarea sp. nov.; 39, same, apex of hypandrium, posterior view; 40, Iteaphila sp., apex of hypandrium, posterior view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: pgt—postgonite; ph—phallus; ph gd—phallic guide; sur—surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745596" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745596/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Figs 37</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1EFA2A47FF90FFBE4F29FF70FE83B2D8" box="[258,287,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-106@45.[151,1436,381,1820]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Distribution of Iteaphila with unbranched R. 49, I. arnaudi sp. nov., I. bayarea sp. nov., I. grandis sp. 4+5 nov., I. sierrensis sp. nov.; 50, I. brooksi sp. nov., I. lolo sp. nov.; 51, I. flavipilosa (Coquillett); 52, I. glabricula sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745604/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">49</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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, labelled: “
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[37.9538133° -122.6349820°],
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/ arnaudi/ Sinclair & Shamshev [red label]” (
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E Pescadero
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],
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(
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|
||
<collectionCode id="E0D0AE07FF90FFBE4FA7FE7AFE5BB3C6" box="[396,455,433,459]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECFE1FFBCDB01E" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4EECFE1FFEC1B3E3" bold="true" box="[199,349,468,494]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Recognition.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is distinguished from the similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41C14D41FF90FFBE4DA2FE1EFB8FB3E3" authority="Sinclair & Shamshev, 2021" authorityName="Sinclair & Shamshev" authorityYear="2021" box="[905,1043,468,495]" class="Insecta" family="Iteaphilidae" genus="Iteaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnupta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4DA2FE1EFB8FB3E3" box="[905,1043,468,495]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">A. subnupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4A35FE1EFBE0B3E2" bold="true" box="[1054,1148,469,495]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8657ABFF90FFBE4A35FE1EFBE0B3E2" box="[1054,1148,469,495]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by the dorsally directed surstylus and elongate postgonite extended just below the epandrial margin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1EFA2A47FF90FFBE4DDBFE33FBD8B01E" box="[1008,1092,504,531]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,337,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-79@31.[151,1436,309,1819]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 36–40. Male terminalia of Iteaphila with unbranched R 4+5, lateral view. 36, I. longiphallus sp. nov.; 37, I. arnaudi sp. nov.; 38, I. bayarea sp. nov.; 39, same, apex of hypandrium, posterior view; 40, Iteaphila sp., apex of hypandrium, posterior view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: pgt—postgonite; ph—phallus; ph gd—phallic guide; sur—surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745596" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745596/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF90FFBD4EECFDD7FE3EB2BC" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECFDD7FEE6B177" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4EECFDD7FEC5B03B" bold="true" box="[199,345,540,566]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wing length
|
||
<quantity id="41399B27FF90FFBE4FC3FDD6FDC6B03A" box="[488,602,541,567]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4C49FDD6FD39B03A" bold="true" box="[610,677,541,567]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Head dark brown in ground-colour, with pale brown to black setation, occiput thinly to densely greyish pollinose. Eyes holoptic, with upper ommatidia enlarged. Frons represented by small triangular space just above antennae, bare, greyish pollinose. Ocellar triangle prominent, with 2 pairs of hairlike setae, posterior pair distinctly shorter than anterior pair. Postvertical setae subequal in length to postocular setae, thin; occiput covered with numerous similar setae in lower part; pale setae posterior to mouth opening. Antenna dark brown; scape short, slightly shorter than globular pedicel, both with short setulae; postpedicel nearly 3 times longer than basal width, base expanded and tapered apically; stylus
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF90FFBE4DB8FD3EFC31B103" box="[915,941,757,782]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ca</emphasis>
|
||
4 times longer than wide, sensillum-tipped; segment 9 tubular, 3 times longer than wide, apical sensillum about half length of segment 9. Proboscis mediumlength, projected obliquely; labium slightly shorter than head height; palpus projected parallel to labrum, somewhat shorter than labrum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECFC4FFE0EB6B3" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Thorax dark brown in ground-colour with posterior part of postpronotal lobe and postalar tubercle paler, with brown to black setation; scutum viewed dorsally entirely greyish pruinescent, without distinct vittae; viewed anteriorly densely brown pruinose, without vittae; mesopleuron uniformly greyish brown pollinose. Proepisternum with a few hair-like setae. Postpronotal lobe with 1 long thin and several shorter setae. Mesonotal setae distinct, thin; acr very short, 4-serial, arranged in 2 pairs of closely spaced irregular rows, lacking on prescutellar depression, distance between paired rows greater than length of acr; dc uniserial (with some additional setulae in anterior part), offset from row anteriorly, slightly longer than acr, 2–3 distinct prescutellar dc; 1 ph, 1 presut spal (sometimes with additional setulae), 3–4 npl (with a few additional shorter setae), several psut spal setulae, 1 pal and several short setulae, 5 pairs of sctl.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECFB02FF4EB7B7" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Legs, including coxae, mostly yellowish brown, hindleg and tarsi somewhat darker. Coxae and trochanters with unmodified hair-like setae. Fore femur with row of short anteroventral hair-like setae and somewhat longer setae on posteroventral, dorsal and posterior faces. Mid femur with moderately long posteroventral bristly setae along entire length, bearing some moderately long setae on dorsal and posterior faces. Hind femur with long anteroventral and dorsal setae along whole length. Tibiae without prominent posterodorsal setae. Tarsomere 1 of mid and hindlegs with pair of rows of stiff ventral setae; tarsomere 5 somewhat flattened on all legs; pulvilli broad, shorter than tarsal claw.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECFA0FFC79B463" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Wing distinctly uniformly brownish infuscate; basal costal seta absent; pterostigma distinct brownish, elliptical, overlapping apex of R
|
||
<subScript id="1A453487FF90FFBE4FB4FA30FE3BB404" attach="left" box="[415,423,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">1</subScript>
|
||
; anal lobe very prominent, acute. Sc complete; R
|
||
<subScript id="1A453487FF90FFBE4DDCFA30FB8CB404" attach="left" box="[1015,1040,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">2+3</subScript>
|
||
often slightly bowed posterior to pterostigma; R
|
||
<subScript id="1A453487FF90FFBE4F17F9D4FECAB420" attach="left" box="[316,342,1567,1581]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">4+5</subScript>
|
||
unbranched; cell dm broad, longer than basal cells, truncate apically; base of M
|
||
<subScript id="1A453487FF90FFBE4AFAF9D4FB45B420" attach="left" box="[1233,1241,1567,1581]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">2</subScript>
|
||
(crossvein) more than one-third length of dm-m, M branches widely separated; dm-m crossvein slightly concave. Apex of cell cua recurved, CuA+CuP long, faint ending short of wing margin. Halter brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF90FFBE4EECF9B3FAB3B5F7" blockId="33.[151,1437,288,2043]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Abdomen brown, subshiny, finely brownish grey pollinose, covered with long pale setae. Terminalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1EFA2A47FF90FFBE4B44F9B3FF28B4BA" captionStart="FIGURES 36–40" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1842,1866]" captionTargetBox="[168,1426,337,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-79@31.[151,1436,309,1819]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 36–40. Male terminalia of Iteaphila with unbranched R 4+5, lateral view. 36, I. longiphallus sp. nov.; 37, I. arnaudi sp. nov.; 38, I. bayarea sp. nov.; 39, same, apex of hypandrium, posterior view; 40, Iteaphila sp., apex of hypandrium, posterior view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: pgt—postgonite; ph—phallus; ph gd—phallic guide; sur—surstylus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745596" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745596/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) concolorous with abdomen, small. Hypandrium with several long setae, rounded, upcurved apically with narrowly rounded and truncate apex; gonocoxal apodeme short and expanded apically; inner apodeme expanded and flattened, slightly shorter than gonocoxal apodeme; postgonite long, arched, extending near epandrial margin, apex flattened, plate-like. Phallic guide extended slightly beyond epandrium, parallel with phallus and bent nearly at right angles subapically; bent apical section paired with jagged or toothed surface apically; apex tapered. Epandrium not inflated laterally; dorsal bridge moderately narrow; produced distally into broad, dorsally projected surstylus; apex of surstylus with tooth-like projection medially. Phallus slender, arched slightly beyond epandrium, bent nearly at right angles subapically; apical section slender, tapered; ejaculatory apodeme plate-like, rounded, slightly longer than gonocoxal apodeme. Cercus short, triangular, one-quarter length of epandrium; apex rounded, extended free from epandrium; hypoproct produced into pair of short, slender processes, projecting beyond epandrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF93FFBD4EECFF5CFE3EB2BC" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[199,418,151,177]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4EECFF5CFEB9B2BC" bold="true" box="[199,293,151,177]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF93FFBD4EECFF71FE4FB2F4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF93FFBD4EECFF71FE4FB2F4" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4EECFF71FEFDB2D9" bold="true" box="[199,353,186,212]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Nearctic:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FED67652FF93FFBD4FF2FF70FD93B2D8" box="[473,527,187,213]" name="United States of America" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4405F820FF93FFBD4C0BFF70FD04B2DB" box="[544,664,187,214]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
). This species is presently known only from the San Francisco Bay Area in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4405F820FF93FFBD4EDAFF14FEFFB2F4" box="[241,355,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1EFA2A47FF93FFBD4F59FF14FE5BB2F4" box="[370,455,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–52" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1820]" captionTargetId="figure-106@45.[151,1436,381,1820]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 49–52. Distribution of Iteaphila with unbranched R. 49, I. arnaudi sp. nov., I. bayarea sp. nov., I. grandis sp. 4+5 nov., I. sierrensis sp. nov.; 50, I. brooksi sp. nov., I. lolo sp. nov.; 51, I. flavipilosa (Coquillett); 52, I. glabricula sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745604" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745604/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF93FFBD4EECFEC8FACEB34C" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF93FFBD4EECFEC8FACEB34C" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4EECFEC8FED2B310" bold="true" box="[199,334,259,285]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named after dipterist, Paul H. Arnaud (former curator of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4405F820FF93FFBD4ABCFEC8FA95B310" box="[1175,1289,259,285]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
Academy of Sciences, San Francisco,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FED67652FF93FFBD4F98FEECFE73B34C" box="[435,495,295,321]" name="United States of America" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
), who collected many very interesting empidoids, including this new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="CEDB6549FF93FFBD4EECFE80FABEB368" box="[199,1314,331,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="867E36C2FF93FFBD4EECFE80FABEB368" blockId="34.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[199,1314,331,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4EECFE80FEA7B368" bold="true" box="[199,315,331,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="41C14D41FF93FFBD4CBDFE80FC88B368" authority="Sinclair & Shamshev, 2021" authorityName="Sinclair & Shamshev" authorityYear="2021" box="[662,788,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Iteaphilidae" genus="Iteaphila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnupta" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4CBDFE80FC88B368" box="[662,788,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">I. subnupta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B4B5EAD0FF93FFBD4D30FE80FCE9B368" bold="true" box="[795,885,331,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8657ABFF93FFBD4D30FE80FCE9B368" box="[795,885,331,357]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, distinguished by the male terminalia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |