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<document id="FF3F3EE9629D5787CEF99AD03D0EFC29" ID-CLB-Dataset="7241" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e9fcfa2b-72cd-4826-a7e5-c33cd37bf00e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693464" ID-ZooBank="3BAB6920-30AC-410A-995B-BBDA9E2A105D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618485552491" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés &amp; Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia" docDate="2021" docId="03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4959.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4959 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sterphus aurifrons Shannon 1926" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFC43B38FFBA1858FFB00F36FFB0FFD5" masterDocTitle="Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="79" updateTime="1698937080062" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A7F3B471710B99685D09F02772AA0FFE">Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="315A7D5309CA09D37A3F65469C82DE2D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4789EAFC03417F23E61A0DDC62937A5B">Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D46D5F20BFF7AB659291AA14F5D267BC">Riera, Pamela</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4A46EBA8EE65342361ED68C213CAFE8E" type="email">pamela.riera1@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="78F0DC1697BD7056A71A05B1D46E5792">Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F2829F1ACEE2052627969123C17778D9" type="email">laurapaninao@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D57F6EEF17DBCE917D157A676AA83ABE">Guzmán, Vicente Valdés</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E8BDD552159FE5FBBDB4C66C575911AF">Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="70FB9943D6830DC3B5193FC35E342D78" type="email">phenriquezpi@student.unimelb.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7EB937DFE151602A9AE0E09B3337DDB2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A7E1B72C67CF5B705C5F87E65F2DD982">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6F6AEBBC87B1B5137457D5C4DA4FA7EC">2021-04-15</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5D6E38A6183D31D2924A6930C98E4492">4959</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="949D6C57F503C1301E29E32202A83F70">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="55DDC3AA57ED05EB43C9669F413E7539" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4705702" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181520799" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4705702" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFF41816FF270FE9FD8CFF2C" box="[151,572,223,250]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF270FE9FD8CFF2C" blockId="78.[151,572,223,285]" box="[151,572,223,250]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FF270FE9FD8CFF2C" ID-CoL="8F5PQ" authority="Shannon, 1926" authorityName="Shannon" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,572,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sterphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurifrons">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF270FE9FD8CFF2C" bold="true" box="[151,572,223,250]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF270FE9FECCFF2C" bold="true" box="[151,380,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sterphus aurifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FE340FE9FD8CFF2C" author="Shannon, R. C." box="[388,572,223,249]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref139074" refString="Shannon, R. C. (1926) Review of the American xylotine syrphid - flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 69, 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2635" type="journal article" year="1926">Shannon, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFF41816FF270E35FE9EFEC8" box="[151,302,259,285]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF270E35FE9EFEC8" blockId="78.[151,572,223,285]" box="[151,302,259,285]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<figureCitation id="136FEED3FFF41816FF270E35FE9EFEC8" box="[151,302,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 113–116" captionStartId="79.[151,264,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,921,1842]" captionTargetId="figure-327@79.[156,1430,921,1842]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 113–116. Sterphus aurifrons Shannon, 1926: (113) resting in a dead wood, Juan Fernández Island (photo by Cristian Pardo) and (114) resting in Rhaphithamnus venustus (Phil.) B.L. Rob., Juan Fernández Island (photo by Hernán González). Sterphus coeruleus (Rondani, 1863): (115) resting in a leave, Los Lagos (photo by Luis Candia) and (116) dorsal view (photo by Matías Barceló). Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693563/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Figs 113–114</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFF41816FF270E71FDA8FE8A" box="[151,536,327,352]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF270E71FDA8FE8A" blockId="78.[151,536,327,352]" box="[151,536,327,352]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FFF41816FF270E71FDA8FE8A" box="[151,536,327,352]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FFF41816FF270E71FDA8FE8A" author="Shannon, R. C." box="[151,536,327,352]" page="46" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" year="1926">
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FF270E71FDA8FE8A" ID-CoL="8F5PQ" authority="Shannon, 1926: 46" authorityName="Shannon" authorityPageNumber="46" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,536,327,352]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sterphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurifrons">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF270E71FEE3FEB5" box="[151,339,327,352]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sterphus aurifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FEEA0E71FDA8FE8A" author="Shannon, R. C." box="[346,536,327,351]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref139074" refString="Shannon, R. C. (1926) Review of the American xylotine syrphid - flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 69, 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2635" type="journal article" year="1926">Shannon, 1926: 46</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF270EB8FCC6FE7D" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" box="[151,886,397,424]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FF270EB8FCC2FE7D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455102" box="[151,882,397,424]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Chile" location="Juan Fernandez" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF270EB8FE17FE7D" bold="true" box="[151,423,397,424]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<typeStatus id="54EF4CF4FFF41816FF270EB8FF62FE7D" box="[151,210,398,424]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Type</typeStatus>
locality and data.
</emphasis>
“
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FE080EB8FDDDFE7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FE080EB8FDDDFE7D" box="[440,621,398,424]" country="Chile" name="Juan Fernandez" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juan Fernández</location>
,
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFF41816FDC70EB8FD06FE7D" box="[631,694,398,424]" name="Chile" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Chile</collectingCountry>
” (T,
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FD5E0EB8FCB5FE7D" box="[750,773,398,424]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FCA10EB8FCDAFE7D" box="[785,874,398,424]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">BMNH</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770E87FD91FD89" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770E87FE03FE1E" bold="true" box="[199,435,433,459]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FE0D0E84FA28FE19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455177" box="[445,1432,434,460]" collectingDate="1992-12-30" collectionCode="IEUMCE" collectorName="Leg. Marshall &amp; Gonzalez" location="Mirador Selkirk" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FFF41816FE0D0E84FD88FE19" box="[445,568,434,460]" country="Chile" name="Valparaiso" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Valparaíso</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FDF50E84FDD9FE19" box="[581,617,434,460]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FDC90E84FC82FE19" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FDC90E84FC82FE19" box="[633,818,434,460]" name="Mirador Selkirk" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Mirador Selkirk</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FCF00E84FC7CFE19" box="[832,972,434,460]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1992-12-30">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FCF00E84FC7CFE19" box="[832,972,434,460]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1992-12-30">30.XII.1992</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FC6A0E84FBCAFE19" box="[986,1146,434,460]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. Marshall</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FB130E84FABDFE19" box="[1187,1293,434,460]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">González</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FAAE0E84FA20FE19" box="[1310,1424,434,460]" country="Chile" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/85ax-5dji" name="INSTITUTO DE ENTOMOLOGIA UNIVERSIDAD METROPOLITANA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">IEUMCE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FF270EE0FCE1FE25" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454835" box="[151,849,470,496]" collectingDate="2003-01-24" collectionCode="SAG" collectorName="Leg. A. Sandoval" location="Jardines" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FF270EE0FF0CFE25" box="[151,188,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FF770EE0FF5AFE25" box="[199,234,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FF480EE0FEE4FE25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FF480EE0FEE4FE25" box="[248,340,470,496]" name="Jardines" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Jardines</location>
CONAF,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FE740EE0FD81FE25" box="[452,561,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2003-01-24">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FE740EE0FD81FE25" box="[452,561,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2003-01-24">24.I.2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FD8C0EE0FD4DFE25" box="[572,765,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. A. Sandoval</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FCBB0EE0FCF9FE25" box="[779,841,470,496]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2vvw-hn58" name="Sammlung von Algenkulturen at Universitat Gottingen" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">SAG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FCEC0EE0FEE4FDC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455357" collectingDate="2004-07-04" collectionCode="SAG" collectorName="Leg. A. Sandoval" location="Masatierra" municipality="Juan Bautista" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FCEC0EE0FC30FE25" box="[860,896,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F682CFFF41816FC3C0EE0FB95FE25" box="[908,1061,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Juan Bautista</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FB9F0EE0FB1AFE25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FB9F0EE0FB1AFE25" box="[1071,1194,470,496]" municipality="Juan Bautista" name="Masatierra" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Masatierra</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FB040EE0FA8FFE25" box="[1204,1343,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2004-07-04">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FB040EE0FA8FFE25" box="[1204,1343,470,496]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2004-07-04">04.VII.2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FAFA0EE0FF4FFDC1" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. A. Sandoval</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FEBE0ECCFEFCFDC1" box="[270,332,506,532]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2vvw-hn58" name="Sammlung von Algenkulturen at Universitat Gottingen" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">SAG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FED00ECCFC06FDC1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455743" box="[352,950,506,533]" collectingDate="1952-02-05" collectionCode="IEUMCE" collectorName="Leg. Kuschel" location="Masatierra" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FED00ECCFE34FDC1" box="[352,388,506,532]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FE200ECCFDBBFDC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FE200ECCFDBBFDC1" box="[400,523,506,532]" name="Masatierra" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Masatierra</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FDA60ECCFD3DFDC0" box="[534,653,506,533]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1952-02-05">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FDA60ECCFD3DFDC0" box="[534,653,506,533]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1952-02-05">05.II.1952</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FD290ECCFC9EFDC1" box="[665,814,506,532]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. Kuschel</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FC8C0ECCFC1EFDC1" box="[828,942,506,532]" country="Chile" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/85ax-5dji" name="INSTITUTO DE ENTOMOLOGIA UNIVERSIDAD METROPOLITANA DE CIENCIAS DE LA EDUCACION" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">IEUMCE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FC710ECCFE18FDED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454325" collectingDate="1973-02-01" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="Leg. L. E. Pena" location="Plazoleta El Yunque" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="31" specimenCount-female="15" specimenCount-male="16" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FC710ECCFC45FDC1" box="[961,1013,506,532]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="male">16♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FBB00ECCFB82FDC0" box="[1024,1074,506,533]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="female">15♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FB8F0ECCFA94FDC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FB8F0ECCFA94FDC1" box="[1087,1316,506,532]" name="Plazoleta El Yunque" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Plazoleta El Yunque</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FA9E0ECCFA28FDC1" box="[1326,1432,506,532]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1973-02-01">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FA9E0ECCFA28FDC1" box="[1326,1432,506,532]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1973-02-01">1.II.1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FF270D28FEFAFDED" box="[151,330,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. L.E. Peña</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FED00D28FE2FFDED" box="[352,415,542,568]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">CNC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FE090D28FB34FDED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455906" box="[441,1156,542,568]" collectingDate="2016-04-18" collectionCode="CSP" collectorName="Leg. H. Gonzalez" location="Robinson Crusoe" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FE090D28FE6EFDED" box="[441,478,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FE410D28FD0BFDED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FE410D28FD0BFDED" box="[497,699,542,568]" name="Robinson Crusoe" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Robinson Crusoe</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FD7D0D28FCFBFDED" box="[717,843,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2016-04-18">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FD7D0D28FCFBFDED" box="[717,843,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="2016-04-18">18.IV.2016</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FCED0D28FB9FFDED" box="[861,1071,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. H. González</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FBF50D28FBCCFDED" box="[1093,1148,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">CSP</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFF41816FB260D28FDADFD89" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454646" collectingDate="1952-02-05" collectionCode="MZUC" collectorName="Leg. Kuschel" location="Robinson Crusoe" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FB260D28FB09FDED" box="[1174,1209,542,568]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="8E8BA48DFFF41816FB7D0D28FA28FDED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFF41816FF270FE9FEF7FADC:8E8BA48DFFF41816FB7D0D28FA28FDED" box="[1229,1432,542,568]" name="Robinson Crusoe" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Valparaiso">Robinson Crusoe</location>
,
<date id="FFEAD496FFF41816FF270D74FEBEFD88" box="[151,270,578,605]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1952-02-05">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFF41816FF270D74FEBEFD88" box="[151,270,578,605]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" value="1952-02-05">05.II.1952</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFF41816FEAA0D74FE1FFD89" box="[282,431,578,604]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Leg. Kuschel</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFF41816FE0E0D74FDA5FD89" box="[446,533,578,604]" country="Chile" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/70mh-t5r1" name="Museo de Zoologia, Universidad de Concepcion" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">MZUC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFF41816FF770D53FACEFC8D" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770D53FF6AFD38" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770D53FEE0FDAA" bold="true" box="[199,336,613,639]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FEEA0D50FD83FD55" author="Shannon, R. C." box="[346,563,614,640]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref139074" refString="Shannon, R. C. (1926) Review of the American xylotine syrphid - flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 69, 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2635" type="journal article" year="1926">Shannon, 1926: 46</bibRefCitation>
(desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FD2A0D50FBBDFD54" author="Shannon, R. C. &amp; Aubertin, D." box="[666,1037,614,641]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="120 - 170" refId="ref139210" refString="Shannon, R. C. &amp; Aubertin, D. (1933) Syrphidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part 6. Fascicle 3. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 120 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1933">Shannon &amp; Aubertin, 1933: 156</bibRefCitation>
(desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FBC40D50FAE0FD55" author="Stuardo, C." box="[1140,1360,614,640]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" refId="ref140025" refString="Stuardo, C. (1946) Catalogo de los Dipteros de Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura, Chile, Santiago, 251 pp." type="book" year="1946">Stuardo, 1946: 127</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FF270DBCFEFAFD71" author="Fluke, C. L." box="[151,330,650,677]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="39 - 43" refId="ref128616" refString="Fluke, C. L. (1955) Los Insectos de las Islas Juan Fernandez. 18. Syrphidae (Diptera). Revista Chilena de Entomologia, 4, 39 - 43." type="journal article" year="1955">Fluke, 1955: 42</bibRefCitation>
(key &amp; desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FE4C0DBCFD0CFD71" author="Fluke, C. L." box="[508,700,650,677]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 181" refId="ref128681" refString="Fluke, C. L. (1957) Catalog of the family Syrphidae in the Neotropical Region. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 7, 1 - 181." type="journal article" year="1957">Fluke, 1957: 107</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FCBE0DBCFC4AFD71" author="Etcheverry, M." box="[782,1018,650,676]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref127618" refString="Etcheverry, M. (1963) Descripciones originales, sinonimia y distribucion geografica de las especies de la familia Syrphidae (Diptera) en Chile. Publicaciones del Centro de Estudios Entomologicos, 5, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1963">Etcheverry, 1963: 79</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FBFC0DBCFAF5FD71" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[1100,1349,650,676]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="185 - 240" refId="ref140320" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1973) Review of the genus Sterphus Philippi (Diptera, Syrphidae). Part I. Entomologica Americana, 46, 185 - 240." type="journal article" year="1973">Thompson, 1973: 204</bibRefCitation>
(key &amp; desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FF580D98FDAFFD1D" author="Thompson, F. &amp; Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S." box="[232,543,686,712]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref141458" refString="Thompson, F. C, Vockeroth, J. R. &amp; Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898" type="book chapter" year="1976">
Thompson
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FED70D99FE10FD1D" box="[359,416,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">et al.</emphasis>
, 1976: 116
</bibRefCitation>
(cat.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FDC00D98FC61FD1D" author="Hippa, H. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[624,977,686,712]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="483 - 495" refId="ref129758" refString="Hippa, H. &amp; Thompson, F. C. (1994) Revision of the Sterphus cybele species group (Diptera, Syrphidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 96, 483 - 495." type="journal article" year="1994">Hippa &amp; Thompson, 1994: 494</bibRefCitation>
(key);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FB930D98FA2CFD1D" author="Zumbado, M. A. &amp; Thompson, F. C." box="[1059,1436,686,712]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="79 - 90" refId="ref143364" refString="Zumbado, M. A. &amp; Thompson, F. C. (1997) Nuevas especies de Sterphus (Diptera, Syrphidae) de Costa Rica con notas sobre especies presentes en Costa Rica. The Southwestern Entomologist, 22, 79 - 90." type="journal article" year="1997">Zumbado &amp; Thompson, 1997: 87</bibRefCitation>
(key).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770DC0FE4AFCC5" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" box="[199,506,757,784]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770DC0FE1FFCDA" bold="true" box="[199,431,757,784]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">World distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFF41816FE060DC0FE46FCC5" box="[438,502,758,784]" name="Chile" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Chile</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770C2FFABEFCE1" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" box="[199,1294,793,820]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770C2FFE60FCE6" bold="true" box="[199,464,793,819]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Chileand distribution.</emphasis>
Only recorded from Robinson Crusoe, Juan Fernández Islands (
<figureCitation id="136FEED3FFF41816FB100C2CFAB2FCE1" box="[1184,1282,794,820]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="80.[151,250,1198,1222]" captionTargetBox="[171,1391,195,1170]" captionTargetId="figure-23@80.[151,1436,181,1174]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="FIGURE 117. Distribution map of Sterphus aurifrons Shannon, 1926 (blue circles); Sterphus coeruleus (Rondani, 1863) (red circles), and Sterphus plagiatus (Wiedemann, 1830) (yellow circles) in Chile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693565" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693565/files/figure.png" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Fig. 117</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770C0BFACEFC8D" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" box="[199,1406,829,856]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770C0BFE2CFC8D" bold="true" box="[199,412,829,856]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Altitudinal range.</emphasis>
This species inhabits native forests in ravines and clifttops between 100 and
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFF41816FB4C0C08FAFEFC8D" box="[1276,1358,830,856]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FFF41816FB4C0C08FAFAFC8D" box="[1276,1354,830,856]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
a.s.l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFF41816FF770C57FEF7FADC" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770C57FE65FB15" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770C57FE17FCA9" bold="true" box="[199,423,865,892]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Biology and notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FE010C54FD34FCA9" authorityName="Shannon" authorityYear="1926" box="[433,644,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sterphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurifrons">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FE010C54FD34FCA9" box="[433,644,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Sterphus aurifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is associated with native vegetation of the Robinson Crusoe in Juan Fernández Islands. This species was assessed in the local red list of threatened species of the Environmental Ministry of
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFF41816FF050C9CFF42FC11" box="[181,242,938,964]" name="Chile" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Chile</collectingCountry>
under IUCN criteria (CR B1abiii + 2abiii) (www.mma.gob.cl/clasificacionespecies), and was cataloged as threatened due to deforestation and invasive species such as goats
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FCCA0CF8FB20FC3C" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[890,1168,974,1001]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Capra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hircus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FCCA0CF8FBBDFC3D" box="[890,1037,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Capra hircus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
, austral thrushes
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FAFF0CF8FDB0FBD8" authority="(King)" baseAuthorityName="King" class="Aves" family="Turdidae" genus="Turdus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="falcklandii" subSpecies="magellanicus">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FAFF0CF8FE1CFBD9" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Turdus falcklandii magellanicus</emphasis>
(King)
</taxonomicName>
and coatis
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FD320CC5FC2AFBD8" authority="nasua (Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" box="[642,922,1010,1037]" class="Mammalia" family="Procyonidae" genus="Nasua" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasua">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FD320CC5FCA5FBD9" box="[642,789,1011,1036]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Nasua nasua</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
. These species affect
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFF41816FB210CC4FAA6FBD9" authorityName="Shannon" authorityYear="1926" box="[1169,1302,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Sterphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurifrons">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FB210CC4FAA6FBD9" box="[1169,1302,1010,1036]" italics="true" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">S. aurifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in different ways. Goats invade the forests and trample leaf litter and dead wood where larvae probably develop. The coati is a generalist predator that searches the forest floors for invertebrates to feed on and climbs trees in search of other prey. Thrushes are omnivorous introduced birds that attack insects in semi-urban areas (CONAF, pers. comm.).
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFF41816FA910B68FF52FB48" author="Etcheverry, M." pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref127618" refString="Etcheverry, M. (1963) Descripciones originales, sinonimia y distribucion geografica de las especies de la familia Syrphidae (Diptera) en Chile. Publicaciones del Centro de Estudios Entomologicos, 5, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1963">Etcheverry (1963)</bibRefCitation>
recorded the species in Angol, however, it be a labeling error because all other specimens collected are from the Robinson Crusoe Island.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFF41816FF770BFFFEF7FADC" blockId="78.[151,1437,397,1289]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFF41816FF770BFFFE0EFB31" bold="true" box="[199,446,1225,1252]" pageId="78" pageNumber="79">Conservation status.</emphasis>
CR under B1ab (iii) + 2ab (iii); AOO =
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FFF41816FC2E0BFCFC58FB31" box="[926,1000,1226,1252]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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; EOO =
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FFF41816FBEE0BFCFB18FB31" box="[1118,1192,1226,1252]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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and one locality (or subpopulation).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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