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<document id="8F885ECA01ABDA70C6E6E4A5C71477A4" ID-CLB-Dataset="7241" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e9fcfa2b-72cd-4826-a7e5-c33cd37bf00e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693464" ID-ZooBank="3BAB6920-30AC-410A-995B-BBDA9E2A105D" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618485552491" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés &amp; Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia" docDate="2021" docId="03FD4340FFDA1839FF270D97FE1BF8D3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4959.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4959 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Ornidia obesa" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="FFC43B38FFBA1858FFB00F36FFB0FFD5" masterDocTitle="Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes" masterLastPageNumber="178" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1698937080062" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="81DC7172F617A6FBBEB52B8762C9BDC2">Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2C58C988A0483E233E0D971D9CF85F47">Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DBF7DDEC794CC08D18AF04621C9A368E">Riera, Pamela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8F90C056D9BCDB67806F64A5C3C4A9A3">Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FE7E5DA3C6C48C0BDE13B117AA55C517" type="email">laurapaninao@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="65F076944CCA6FCB9D6AC3F9C0C5C91E">Guzmán, Vicente Valdés</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0738CE421DFB79ADAFE3D2E01578E6D6">Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0186568670E2682881A36E8EA160DF51">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BFB2C6D555754A78AE26BA0B5B5331B1">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="83E4E287BB01B33C9FD2B97E82AE9260">4959</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDA1838FF270D97FDACFD6E" box="[151,540,673,700]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF270D97FDACFD6E" blockId="96.[151,540,673,735]" box="[151,540,673,700]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FF270D97FDACFD6E" ID-CoL="6T78D" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[151,540,673,700]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ornidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF270D97FDACFD6E" bold="true" box="[151,540,673,700]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF270D97FEF1FD69" bold="true" box="[151,321,673,700]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Ornidia obesa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FEE10D97FDA4FD6E" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[337,532,673,699]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref127842" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systemaentomologiae, sistensinsectorumclasses, ordines, genera, species, adiectissynonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDA1838FF270DF3FF45FD0A" box="[151,245,709,735]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF270DF3FF45FD0A" blockId="96.[151,540,673,735]" box="[151,245,709,735]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<figureCitation id="136FEED3FFDA1838FF270DF3FF45FD0A" box="[151,245,709,735]" captionStart="FIGURES 140–143" captionStartId="96.[151,264,1945,1969]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1073,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-260@96.[151,1436,1073,1922]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="FIGURES 140–143. Copestylum willinki (Fluke, 1951): (140) lateral view and (141) dorsal view, female (Photos by Vicente Valdés). (142) Copestylum pseudotachina (Hull, 1936) feeding on Aloysia deserticola (Phil.) Lu-Irving &amp; O’Leary, Socaire (Photo by Diego Reyes). (143) Ornidia obesa (Fabricius, 1775), dorsal view (Photo by Vicente Valdés)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693580/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Fig. 143</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDA1838FF270C32FDB2FCC9" box="[151,514,772,796]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF270C32FDB2FCC9" blockId="96.[151,514,772,796]" box="[151,514,772,796]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FFDA1838FF270C32FDB2FCC9" box="[151,514,772,796]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FFDA1838FF270C32FDB2FCC9" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[151,514,772,796]" page="763" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1775">
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FF270C32FDB2FCC9" authority="Fabricius, 1775: 763" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="763" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,514,772,796]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Syrphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF270C32FE9AFCC9" box="[151,298,772,796]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Syrphus obesa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FE810C32FDB2FCC9" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[305,514,772,796]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref127842" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systemaentomologiae, sistensinsectorumclasses, ordines, genera, species, adiectissynonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775: 763</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDA1838FF270C7DFD75FC78" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF270C7DFB15FCB0" blockId="96.[151,1437,842,1050]" box="[151,1189,842,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFDA1838FF270C7DFB11FCB0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454358" box="[151,1185,842,869]" collectionCode="UZMC" collectorName="Virgin Is." location="West Indies" municipality="St. Croix" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF270C7DFE17FCB0" bold="true" box="[151,423,842,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<typeStatus id="54EF4CF4FFDA1838FF270C7DFF62FCB0" box="[151,210,843,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type</typeStatus>
locality and data.
</emphasis>
“
<location id="8E8BA48DFFDA1838FE070C7DFDF0FCB0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD4340FFDA1839FF270D97FE1BF8D3:8E8BA48DFFDA1838FE070C7DFDF0FCB0" box="[439,576,843,869]" municipality="St. Croix" name="West Indies" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">West Indies</location>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFDA1838FDFB0C7DFD05FCB0" box="[587,693,843,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Virgin Is.</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8F682CFFDA1838FD720C7DFC97FCB0" box="[706,807,843,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">St. Croix</collectingMunicipality>
[as “America”]” (LT,
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFDA1838FB900C7DFB87FCB0" box="[1056,1079,843,869]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFDA1838FBF30C7DFB29FCB0" box="[1091,1177,843,869]" country="Venezuela" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/e6k7-be53" name="Universidad del Zulia" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">UZMC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF770C58FD75FC78" blockId="96.[151,1437,842,1050]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF770C58FE05FC5D" bold="true" box="[199,437,878,904]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFDA1838FE0F0C59FAA6FC5C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080456055" box="[447,1302,879,905]" collectingDate="2017-02-27" collectionCode="PCBRS" collectorName="Leg. L. E. Pena" location="Arica y Parinacota" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Arica y Parinacota">
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FFDA1838FE0F0C59FD2DFC5C" box="[447,669,879,905]" country="Chile" name="Arica y Parinacota" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Arica y Parinacota</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFDA1838FD1B0C59FD7FFC5C" box="[683,719,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, Parinacota,
<date id="FFEAD496FFDA1838FCD80C59FC6FFC5C" box="[872,991,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2017-02-27">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFDA1838FCD80C59FC6FFC5C" box="[872,991,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2017-02-27">27.II.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFDA1838FC5E0C59FB2DFC5C" box="[1006,1181,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Leg. L.E. Peña</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFDA1838FB000C59FABDFC5C" box="[1200,1293,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">PCBRS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFDA1838FA950C59FD71FC78" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455411" collectingDate="2017-03-27" collectionCode="PCRBS" collectorName="Leg. R. Barahona-Segovia" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Arica y Parinacota">
<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFFDA1838FA950C59FAF9FC5C" box="[1317,1353,879,905]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
, Putre,
<date id="FFEAD496FFDA1838FF270CA5FEA7FC78" box="[151,279,915,941]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2017-03-27">
<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFFDA1838FF270CA5FEA7FC78" box="[151,279,915,941]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2017-03-27">27.III.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26A19780FFDA1838FE930CA5FDFCFC78" box="[291,588,915,941]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Leg. R. Barahona-Segovia</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED456A93FFDA1838FDEB0CA5FD08FC78" box="[603,696,915,941]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">PCRBS</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDA1839FF770C80FC26FA16" lastPageId="97" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF770C80FC3DFBCF" blockId="96.[151,1437,842,1050]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF770C80FEE0FC05" bold="true" box="[199,336,950,976]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">References.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FEE60C81FD8BFC04" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[342,571,950,977]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref127842" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systemaentomologiae, sistensinsectorumclasses, ordines, genera, species, adiectissynonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775: 763</bibRefCitation>
(desc.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FD2A0C81FCC4FC04" author="Macquart, J." box="[666,884,951,977]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="5 - 140" refId="ref132717" refString="Macquart, J. (1842) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux oupeuconnus. 1 e Supplement. Memoirs de la Societe Royale des Sciente, de l'Agriculture et des Art, de Lille, 1841, 5 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15792" type="journal article" year="1842">Macquart, 1842: 21</bibRefCitation>
(distr.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FC610C81FB77FC04" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[977,1223,951,977]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="73 - 215" refId="ref140281" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1972 b) A contribution to a generic revision of the Neotropical Milesiinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 23, 73 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Thompson, 1972b: 96</bibRefCitation>
, 106, fig. 16 (head, lateral, male), fig. 25 (wing) (
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FE5D0CEDFDD5FC20" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1845" box="[493,613,987,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Milesiinae">Milesiinae</taxonomicName>
rev.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FD010CEDFC1CFC20" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[689,940,986,1013]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="249 - 262" refId="ref140544" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1991) The flower fly genus Ornidia (Diptera, Syrphidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 93, 249 - 262." type="journal article" year="1991">Thompson, 1991: 256</bibRefCitation>
(desc.); Thompson
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FB220CEDFB7DFC20" box="[1170,1229,987,1013]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al.</emphasis>
, 2010: 789 (rev.);
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FF270CC9FE60FBCC" author="Miranda, G. F. G. &amp; Moran, K." box="[151,464,1022,1049]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="157 - 201" refId="ref134527" refString="Miranda, G. F. G. &amp; Moran, K. (2016) The female abdomen and genitalia of Syrphidae (Diptera). Insect Systematic &amp; Evolution, 48 (2), 157 - 201. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 1876312 X- 48022153" type="journal article" year="2016">
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FFDA1838FF270CC9FF46FBCC" box="[151,246,1023,1049]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Miranda</collectingRegion>
&amp; Moran 2016: 15
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 36–48, 32, 34 (female terminalia).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2BA2DEFFDA1838FF2708AFFB04F82C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693580" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693580" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693580/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" startId="96.[151,264,1945,1969]" targetBox="[151,1436,1073,1922]" targetPageId="96">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDA1838FF2708AFFB04F82C" blockId="96.[151,1436,1945,2042]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF2708AFFED8F864" bold="true" box="[151,360,1945,1969]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">FIGURES 140–143</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FEC608AFFD67F864" ID-CoL="8BKQZ" authority="(Fluke, 1951)" baseAuthorityName="Fluke" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[374,727,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willinki">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FEC608AFFDF1F864" box="[374,577,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Copestylum willinki</emphasis>
(Fluke, 1951)
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FD5208AFFCA9F864" bold="true" box="[738,793,1945,1969]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">(140)</emphasis>
lateral view and
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FC7C08AFFBB3F864" bold="true" box="[972,1027,1945,1969]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">(141)</emphasis>
dorsal view, female (Photos by Vicente Valdés).
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FF42088BFE99F800" bold="true" box="[242,297,1981,2005]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">(142)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FE82088BFD7EF800" ID-CoL="8BKR5" authority="(Hull, 1936)" baseAuthorityName="Hull" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[306,718,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotachina">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FE82088BFDF6F800" box="[306,582,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Copestylum pseudotachina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FDE6088BFD77F800" author="Hull, F. M." box="[598,711,1981,2005]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="167" refId="ref129962" refString="Hull, F. M. (1936) A curious new syrphid fly from Peru. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 38, 167." type="journal article" year="1936">Hull, 1936</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
feeding on
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FCFE088BFA2CF800" ID-CoL="C5S2" authority="(Phil.) Lu-Irving &amp; O'Leary, Socaire" authorityName="Lu-Irving &amp; O'Leary, Socaire" baseAuthorityName="Phil." box="[846,1436,1981,2006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Aloysia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="deserticola">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FCFE088BFBA4F800" box="[846,1044,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Aloysia deserticola</emphasis>
(Phil.) Lu-Irving &amp; O’Leary, Socaire
</taxonomicName>
(Photo by Diego Reyes).
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FE2808D7FE7EF82C" bold="true" box="[408,462,2017,2041]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">(143)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDA1838FE6508D7FCAEF82C" ID-CoL="6T78D" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[469,798,2017,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ornidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDA1838FE6508D7FDD7F82C" box="[469,615,2017,2041]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Ornidia obesa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDA1838FDC408D7FCA7F82C" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[628,791,2017,2041]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref127842" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systemaentomologiae, sistensinsectorumclasses, ordines, genera, species, adiectissynonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observationibus. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal view (Photo by Vicente Valdés).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2BA2DEFFDB1839FF270B98FF65FADB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4693582" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693582/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" startId="97.[151,250,1198,1222]" targetBox="[173,1360,191,1141]" targetPageId="97">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF270B98FF65FADB" blockId="97.[151,1437,1198,1294]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF270B98FE97FB13" bold="true" box="[151,295,1198,1222]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 144</emphasis>
. Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FDB50B98FCDFFB13" ID-CoL="8FLP8" authority="(Philippi, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[517,879,1198,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurea">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FDB50B98FD77FB13" box="[517,711,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Copestylum azurea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDB1839FD650B98FCD8FB13" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[725,872,1198,1222]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(blue circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FBBA0B98FADCFB13" ID-CoL="8BKLQ" authority="(Bigot, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Bigot" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[1034,1388,1198,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripes">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FBBA0B98FB6CFB13" box="[1034,1244,1198,1222]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Copestylum nigripes</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDB1839FB5A0B98FAD5FB13" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[1258,1381,1198,1222]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="277 - 308" refId="ref124446" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. (1857) Dipteres nouveaux provenant du Chili. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 3, 5, 277 - 308." type="journal article" year="1857">Bigot, 1857</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(red circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FF420BE4FD1CFB3F" ID-CoL="8BKNR" authority="(Philippi, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Philippi" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[242,684,1234,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufoscutellare">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF420BE4FDB0FB3F" box="[242,512,1234,1258]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Copestylum rufoscutellare</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDB1839FDA00BE4FD15FB3F" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[528,677,1234,1258]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(black circles);
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FCE90BE4FB51FB3F" ID-CoL="8BKNT" authority="(Bigot, 1883)" baseAuthorityName="Bigot" baseAuthorityYear="1883" box="[857,1249,1234,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Copestylum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saphirinum">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FCE90BE4FBFDFB3F" box="[857,1101,1234,1258]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Copestylum saphirinum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDB1839FBEE0BE4FB6BFB3F" author="Bigot, J. M. F." box="[1118,1243,1234,1258]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="61 - 88" refId="ref124612" refString="Bigot, J. M. F. (1883) Dipteres nouveaux oupeuconnus. 20 &quot; partie, XXXI, Genres Volucella (Geoffr., Hist, des Insectes, 1764) et Phalachromyia (Rondani, Esame d. var. spec. d'Insetti Ditteri Brasiliani, Torino, 1848); 21 e partie, XXXII, Syrphidi (2 e partie); 22 e partie, XXXII, Syrphidi (2 e partie). Especesnouvelles, no. I; Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 6, 3, 61 - 88 + 221 - 258 + 315 - 356." type="journal article" year="1883">Bigot, 1883</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(green circles) in Chile.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF770A0AFC8BFAAF" blockId="97.[151,1437,1340,1799]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF770A0AFE00FA83" bold="true" box="[199,432,1340,1366]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">World distribution.</emphasis>
Originally from southern
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FD680A0AFC95FA83" box="[728,805,1340,1366]" name="United States of America" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
to northern
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FC000A0AFBAFFA83" box="[944,1055,1340,1366]" name="Argentina" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Argentina</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FBE70A0AFB27FA83" box="[1111,1175,1340,1366]" name="Chile" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chile</collectingCountry>
. It has been introduced to Afrotropical (
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FEFB0A56FE68FAAE" box="[331,472,1376,1403]" name="Madagascar" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
), Oriental and Oceania regions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF770AB2FBF8FA4B" blockId="97.[151,1437,1340,1799]" box="[199,1096,1412,1439]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF770AB2FE70FA4B" bold="true" box="[199,448,1412,1438]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chilean distribution.</emphasis>
Only recorded from
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FFDB1839FD1B0AB2FC7AFA4B" box="[683,970,1412,1439]" country="Chile" name="Arica y Parinacota" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Arica y Parinacota region</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="136FEED3FFDB1839FC690AB2FB8CFA4B" box="[985,1084,1412,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 147" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1178,1202]" captionTargetBox="[185,1349,191,1123]" captionTargetId="figure-17@99.[164,1423,181,1154]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 147. Distribution map of Copestylum gibbera (Schiner, 1868) (yellow circles); Copestylum pseudotachina (Hull, 1936) (blue circles); Copestyllum scutellata (Macquart, 1842) (red circles); Copestylum yura (Curran, 1930) (black circles); Copestylum willinki (Fluke, 1951) (green circles); Ornidia obesa (Fabricius, 1775) (pink circles) in Chile." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4693588" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4693588/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF770A9EFC26FA16" blockId="97.[151,1437,1340,1799]" box="[199,918,1448,1475]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF770A9EFE2CFA17" bold="true" box="[199,412,1448,1474]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Altitudinal range.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFFDB1839FE130A9EFC22FA16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454895" box="[419,914,1448,1475]" elevation="4" location="Highland" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Highland">
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FFDB1839FE130A9EFDBBFA17" box="[419,523,1448,1474]" country="United Kingdom" name="Highland" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Highland</collectingRegion>
ecosystems (
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FFDB1839FD100A9EFCE2FA16" box="[672,850,1448,1475]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.075" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.65" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" unit="m" value="4.075" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.65">
<elevation id="00791565FFDB1839FD100A9EFCE2FA16" box="[672,850,1448,1475]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.075" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.65" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" unit="m" value="4.075" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.65">3,650–4,500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.a.s.l.)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFFDB1839FF770AFAFE1BF8D3" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF770AFAFEE0F96A" blockId="97.[151,1437,1340,1799]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF770AFAFE13FA33" bold="true" box="[199,419,1484,1510]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Biology and notes.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FE1A0AFAFDFCFA33" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[426,588,1484,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Ornidia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obesa">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FE1A0AFAFDFCFA33" box="[426,588,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Ornidia obesa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed from the
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FC190AFAFC6FFA33" box="[937,991,1484,1510]" name="United States of America" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">USA</collectingCountry>
to northern
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FBDA0AFAFB17FA33" box="[1130,1191,1484,1510]" name="Chile" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chile</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FB6D0AFAFAE0FA33" box="[1245,1360,1484,1510]" name="Argentina" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. In the Neotropical region, the species is associated with several disturbed ecosystems due to its synanthropic behavior. It is important to notice that this species is usually distributed in low and middle elevations except for
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FB4D0922FA8AF9FB" box="[1277,1338,1556,1582]" name="Chile" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chile</collectingCountry>
where it seems to be restricted to highlands. Larvae are saprophagous of decaying plant species, fruits and non-woody plants. In addition, this species could be associated with animal waste and dung (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FFDB1839FC52096AFB69F9A2" author="Rotheray, G. E. &amp; Hancock, E. G. &amp; Marcos-Garcia, M. A. &amp; Zumbado, M." box="[994,1241,1628,1655]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="419 - 427" refId="ref138020" refString="Rotheray, G. E., Hancock, E. G., Marcos-Garcia, M. A. &amp; Zumbado, M. (2006) Early stages and breeding sites of three species of Neotropical Ornidia (Diptera, Syrphidae). Studia Dipterologica, 12, 419 - 427." type="journal article" year="2006">
Rotheray
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FBE3096BFB3DF9A3" box="[1107,1165,1628,1654]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
, 2006
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FFDB1839FABD096AFAFCF9A3" box="[1293,1356,1628,1654]" name="Chile" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Chile</collectingCountry>
, adults have been recorded visiting flowers of
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FFDB1839FDFC09B6FB3FF94E" authority="(Rich.) E. E. Schill. &amp; Panero" authorityName="E. E. Schill. &amp; Panero" authorityYear="2011" baseAuthorityName="Rich." box="[588,1167,1664,1691]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Aldama" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helianthoides">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FDFC09B6FCF1F94F" box="[588,833,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Aldama helianthoides</emphasis>
(Rich.) E.E. Schill. &amp; Panero
</taxonomicName>
(Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia pers. obs.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FFDB1839FF7709FEFE1BF8D3" blockId="97.[151,1437,1340,1799]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B9202E44FFDB1839FF7709FEFE0DF937" bold="true" box="[199,445,1736,1762]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Conservation status.</emphasis>
LC; AOO =
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FFDB1839FDE309FEFD3DF937" box="[595,653,1736,1762]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C215F1EFFDB1839FD3D09FEFD25F903" attach="left" box="[653,661,1736,1750]" fontSize="6" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">2</superScript>
and two localities (or subpopulations). This species is widely distributed in the New World.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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