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<document id="B2B1A35FB83B7072EEF113107B6228AB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.273481" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c4724f81-91db-4969-9b8d-b96a706b9247" ID-ISSN="11755326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="273481" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459769680337" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nearns, Eugenio H. &amp; Ray, Ann M." docDate="2006" docId="03DF87CAE108FFD74F20FEE27E9BFDAD" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01256p057.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1256" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFE6FFB2E10AFFD14E28FFFE7C08FFBB" masterDocTitle="A new species of Curius Newman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Venezuela with notes on sexual dimorphism within the genus" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1698217086787" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="6409F67E5009492FC4DEF2D05984741A">A new species of Curius Newman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Venezuela with notes on sexual dimorphism within the genus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DF1AC52D40DB03F01C2FE1B8BAD47891">Nearns, Eugenio H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F23F3E60E214B2941BB6C3DABB7DF550">Ray, Ann M.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C36C6557E108FFD34F20FEE27DC2FEE2" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE108FFD34F20FEE27F24FE8E" blockId="2.[264,812,283,345]" box="[264,812,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="D08181B0E108FFD34F20FEE27F24FE8E" bold="true" box="[264,812,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34F20FEE27F24FE8E" bold="true" box="[264,812,283,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE108FFD34F20FEE27E87FE8E" ID-CoL="32KHX" authority="Nearns &amp; Ray" authorityName="Nearns &amp; Ray" box="[264,655,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34F20FEE27DDCFE8D" bold="true" box="[264,468,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Curius chemsaki</emphasis>
Nearns &amp; Ray
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23157B5E108FFD34CB4FEE57F24FE8E" box="[668,812,283,309]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="8BC936DCE108FFD34F20FEC17DC2FEE2" blockId="2.[264,812,283,345]" box="[264,458,319,345]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34F20FEC17D8DFEE2" box="[264,389,319,345]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. a – b" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a – b, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c, Curius dentatus Newman, male, dorsal habitus; d, Curius punctatus (Fisher), holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e, Curius panamensis Bates, male, dorsal habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figs. 1a–b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34FB9FEC17DC2FEE2" box="[401,458,319,345]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">2a–d</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C6557E108FFD54F20FE777E64FA18" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE108FFD34F20FE777D9AFE19" blockId="2.[264,1324,393,1897]" box="[264,402,393,418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34F20FE777D9AFE19" box="[264,402,393,418]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE108FFD24F10FE517F0EFE15" blockId="2.[264,1324,393,1897]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1323,284,430]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
MALE. Length 8.4 mm, width 1.7 mm (measured across humeri). Habitus as in
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34AF6FE517D2EFE4A" captionStart="FIGURE 1. a – b" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a – b, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c, Curius dentatus Newman, male, dorsal habitus; d, Curius punctatus (Fisher), holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e, Curius panamensis Bates, male, dorsal habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Figure 1a</figureCitation>
. General form small, narrow, subcylindrical. Integument testaceous, with portions of head, antennal apices, pronotum, elytra, apical portions of femora and tibiae, and sternum ferrugineus.
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34FB6FDD97DD6FDFB" box="[414,478,551,576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Head</emphasis>
with front nearly flat, transverse, with a median, shallow groove from between eyes to just beyond vertex, concave between antennal tubercles, which are moderately raised and widely separated. Eyes coarsely faceted, transverse, subreniform, shallowly emarginate. Antennae elevensegmented, subcylindrical, about 1.5 times longer than body; scape slightly bowed, slightly longer than fourth antennomere, third antennomere longest, more than 2 times longer than fourth, slightly longer than fifth, fifth is second longest, seventh slightly longer than sixth. Antennomeres 2–8 ciliate beneath with coarse, moderately long, suberect, hairs.
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34D0DFCC17F91FCE3" box="[805,921,831,856]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Pronotum</emphasis>
subcylindrical, about 1.5 times as long as wide, evenly rounded at sides, widest at middle, slightly broader at base than apex, slightly constricted at basal third; disk convex, each side of pronotum with one long, suberect, pale hair position anterolaterally. Surface opaque, granulatepunctate, with a dense field of gland pores (rounded, elevated tubercles with circular median impressions, for example,
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34F8BFBF97DFFFB9A" box="[419,503,1031,1057]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
); surface ornamented with ferrugineus markings as follows: a narrow, longitudinal, median vitta, extending from anterior margin to middle, where it is divided into two longitudinal vittae, which extend to the base, a thinner longitudinal sinuate vitta on each side (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34FEDFB817E2AFB22" box="[453,546,1151,1177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. a – b" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a – b, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c, Curius dentatus Newman, male, dorsal habitus; d, Curius punctatus (Fisher), holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e, Curius panamensis Bates, male, dorsal habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
). Lateral margins of pronotum ferrugineus.
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE108FFD34A77FB8178DAFB23" box="[1119,1234,1151,1176]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34A77FB8178DAFB23" box="[1119,1234,1151,1176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Scutellum</emphasis>
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small, subquadrate, a little longer than broad, granulose.
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34D7FFB597FA8FB7B" box="[855,928,1191,1216]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Elytra</emphasis>
about 3 times as long as width at humeri, a little more than 4 times as long as pronotal length, about 1.4 times broader basally than pronotum at widest (at middle); sides moderately sinuate around middle; elytral apices separately pointed; epipleural margin moderately sinuate. Elytral disk nearly flat; base of each elytron slightly raised. Elytral surface opaque, with three irregularly shaped, ferrugineus, lateral vittae arranged as follows: one at basal half, two at apical half (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34F39FA697D66FA0A" box="[273,366,1431,1457]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. a – b" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a – b, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c, Curius dentatus Newman, male, dorsal habitus; d, Curius punctatus (Fisher), holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e, Curius panamensis Bates, male, dorsal habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273482/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
); punctation moderately dense, coarse, and deep at basal third; punctures becoming shallower towards apex and sides, almost obsolete at apical third.
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34A98FA417922FA63" box="[1200,1322,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Underside</emphasis>
with prosternum slightly shining, granulatepunctate, with raised nodules interspersed among a dense field of gland pores (rounded, elevated tubercles with circular median impressions) (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34F87F9C97E2AF9EA" box="[431,546,1591,1617]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2a, c</figureCitation>
); prosternal process between coxae nearly flat, narrowest area of prosternal process about 0.3 times as wide as coxal cavity, and about 0.5 times the width of apex of process which is cordate (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E108FFD34C85F9797F0FF91A" box="[685,775,1671,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Mesosternum surface shining, sparsely and finely punctate. Metasternum surface shining, sparsely punctate, with moderately dense deeper punctures. Metepisternum sparsely clothed with short, recumbent, pale pubescence. Abdomen shining; sparsely, shallowly punctate; abdomen with a few long, suberect, pale hairs and punctures with a short, fine, pale hair; fifth sternite broadly subtruncate, slightly shorter than preceding sternite.
<emphasis id="B902EACEE108FFD34D5EF8B17FA6F8D3" box="[886,942,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Legs</emphasis>
with femora clavate, meso and metafemora slightly arcuate, shining, clothed with recumbent, short, pale pubescence; underside of each femoral club with a small, acute triangular tooth with posterior edge smooth; metatibiae nearly straight, very slightly sinuate; clothed with fine, recumbent, pale pubescence, becoming longer apically.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936DCE109FFD24F20F91F7D54F8E3" blockId="3.[264,1323,1761,1880]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE109FFD24F20F91F7D82F942" bold="true" box="[264,394,1761,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
a–b,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE109FFD24FECF91C7F1FF943" authority="Nearns &amp; Ray" authorityName="Nearns &amp; Ray" box="[452,791,1761,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE109FFD24FECF91C7E7FF942" box="[452,631,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Curius chemsaki</emphasis>
Nearns &amp; Ray
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23157B5E109FFD24D09F91F7FADF943" box="[801,933,1761,1784]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE109FFD24CB3F8FC7FB3F8A3" authority="Newman" authorityName="Newman" box="[667,955,1793,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE109FFD24CB3F8FC7F44F8A2" box="[667,844,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Curius dentatus</emphasis>
Newman
</taxonomicName>
, male, dorsal habitus; d,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE109FFD24ACAF8FC7DDCF883" authority="Fisher" authorityName="Fisher" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE109FFD24ACAF8FC7D67F882" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Curius punctatus</emphasis>
(Fisher)
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE109FFD24D58F8DC7898F883" authority="Bates" authorityName="Bates" box="[880,1168,1825,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE109FFD24D58F8DC784CF882" box="[880,1092,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Curius panamensis</emphasis>
Bates
</taxonomicName>
, male, dorsal habitus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF096654E10EFFD54F20FBC77852FB2B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F20FBC77852FB2B" blockId="4.[264,1322,1081,1168]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10EFFD54F20FBC77D82FBEA" bold="true" box="[264,394,1081,1105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
a–d,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10EFFD54FEDFBC77F10FBEB" authority="Nearns &amp; Ray" authorityName="Nearns &amp; Ray" box="[453,792,1081,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10EFFD54FEDFBC77E70FBEB" box="[453,632,1081,1104]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Curius chemsaki</emphasis>
Nearns &amp; Ray
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23157B5E10EFFD54D0BFBC77FAEFBEB" box="[803,934,1081,1104]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430× magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400× magnification).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F10FB3F7E64FA18" blockId="4.[264,1323,1217,1443]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
FEMALE. Length 7.5–8.6 mm; width 1.5–1.7 mm (measured across humeri). Very similar to male except pronotum not as elongate, about 1.3 times as long as wide; pronotum and prosternum lacking gland pores, prosternum with sparse, shallow punctures with a short hair (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E10EFFD54FF5FAC77E3FFAE8" box="[477,567,1337,1363]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
); narrowest area of prosternal process 0.3–0.5 times as wide as coxal cavity (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E10EFFD54F82FA9F7E0CFAC0" box="[426,516,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with terminal sternite evenly, broadly rounded, slightly longer than preceding sternite.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36C6557E10EFFD44F20FA297E0CFE4A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F20FA297D8DFA4B" blockId="4.[264,1323,1495,1633]" box="[264,389,1495,1520]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10EFFD54F20FA297D8DFA4B" box="[264,389,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F10FA027851F9DA" blockId="4.[264,1323,1495,1633]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">We are pleased to name this species for John A. Chemsak, Curator Emeritus, Essig Museum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, for his invaluable contributions and lifelong dedication to the study of cerambycid beetles.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F20F96F7D40F911" blockId="4.[264,1323,1681,1894]" box="[264,328,1681,1706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10EFFD54F20F96F7D40F911" box="[264,328,1681,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CD887EE10EFFD54F20F96F7D40F911" box="[264,328,1681,1706]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Types</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10EFFD54F10F94978B4F8DD" blockId="4.[264,1323,1681,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
<typeStatus id="54CD887EE10EFFD54F10F9497DA0F96A" box="[312,424,1719,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, male,
<collectingCountry id="F361764CE10EFFD54C27F9497EC8F96A" box="[527,704,1719,1745]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, Arag., Rancho Grande,
<date id="FFC8101CE10EFFD54A22F94978BAF96A" box="[1034,1202,1719,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="1969-02-14" valueMax="1969-02-21" valueMin="1969-02-14">II14211969</date>
, P. &amp; P. Spangler, collected at blacklight (USNM). Allotype, female,
<collectingCountry id="F361764CE10EFFD54A6BF92278FDF94D" box="[1091,1269,1756,1782]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, El Encantado, Arajua [sic]
<date id="FFC8101CE10EFFD54C68F8FF7EC5F8A0" box="[576,717,1793,1819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="2001-06-30">30VI2001</date>
, Cope collection (JAMC).
<typeStatus id="54CD887EE10EFFD54A06F8FF789FF8A0" box="[1070,1175,1793,1819]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, 1: female,
<collectingCountry id="F361764CE10EFFD54F20F8D97DB2F8FA" box="[264,442,1831,1857]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, Aragua, Rancho Grande,
<quantity id="4C8E9B39E10EFFD54CDCF8D97F5AF8FA" box="[756,850,1831,1857]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
.,
<date id="FFC8101CE10EFFD54D4CF8D9780DF8FA" box="[868,1029,1831,1857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="1978-01-17" valueMax="1978-01-20" valueMin="1978-01-17">17–20 I 1978</date>
, blacklight, cloud forest, J.B. Heppner (USNM);
<specimenCount id="9D70FD55E10EFFD54C09F8B27E9DF8DD" box="[545,661,1868,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, Aragua: Geremba,
<quantity id="4C8E9B39E10EFFD54DA8F8B27FDDF8DD" box="[896,981,1868,1894]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="2050.0">2050m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFC8101CE10EFFD54DC8F8B27843F8DD" box="[992,1099,1868,1894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" value="1991-07">VII.1991</date>
(MNRJ).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10FFFD44F10FEE27E0CFE4A" blockId="5.[264,1323,284,497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
Additional specimens have been reported to us by Alain Audureau (Saint Gilles Croix de Vie,
<collectingCountry id="F361764CE10FFFD44F4DFEBF7DB1FEE0" box="[357,441,321,347]" name="France" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">France</collectingCountry>
), but were not available for study in time for inclusion as part of the
<typeStatus id="54CD887EE10FFFD44ADDFEBF792FFEE0" box="[1269,1319,321,347]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
series:
<specimenCount id="9D70FD55E10FFFD44F4FFE997E1EFE3A" box="[359,534,359,385]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="generic">18 specimens</specimenCount>
, all from
<collectingCountry id="F361764CE10FFFD44C85FE997F57FE3A" box="[685,863,359,385]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, Aragua, Geremba (
<quantity id="4C8E9B39E10FFFD44A59FE9978C0FE3A" box="[1137,1224,359,385]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" unit="m" value="2050.0">2050m</quantity>
), Alain Audureau, collection dates:
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44C72FE727EEAFE1D" box="[602,738,396,422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="1999-04-12">12/04/1999</date>
,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44CD9FE727F71FE1D" box="[753,889,396,422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="1999-05-15">15/05/1999</date>
, 07/1999,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44DD3FE727810FE1D" box="[1019,1048,396,422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2000-06-09">09</date>
/06/2000, 07/2002,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44B2CFE727928FE1D" box="[1284,1312,396,422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2002-09-25">25</date>
/ 09/2002,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44F52FE4F7D9FFE70" box="[378,407,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2002-09-29">29</date>
/09/2002,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44C39FE4F7E23FE70" box="[529,555,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2003-02-15">15</date>
/02/2003,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44C80FE4F7ECDFE70" box="[680,709,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2003-02-22">22</date>
/02/2003,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44D17FE4F7F54FE70" box="[831,860,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2003-04-07">07</date>
/04/2003,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44DFEFE4F7FF9FE70" box="[982,1009,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2004-02-21">21</date>
/02/2004,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44A45FE4F7881FE70" box="[1133,1161,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2005-05-12">12</date>
/05/2005,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44B2DFE4F7929FE70" box="[1285,1313,433,459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2005-05-14">14</date>
/ 05/2005,
<date id="FFC8101CE10FFFD44F5EFE297D9BFE4A" box="[374,403,471,497]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" value="2005-05-28">28</date>
/05/2005.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36C6557E10FFFD74F20FDDF7E9BFDAD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10FFFD44F20FDDF7D81FD81" blockId="5.[264,1324,545,1878]" box="[264,393,545,570]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44F20FDDF7D81FD81" box="[264,393,545,570]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Discussion</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10FFFD44F10FDB97D8EFB9A" blockId="5.[264,1324,545,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
This species can be distinguished from its presently known congeners by the following characters: the third antennomere is longest, slightly longer than the fifth and without a spine, the fifth antennomere is about twice as long as the fourth, and the elytral apices are separately pointed.
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44FDBFD497EB2FD6B" box="[499,698,695,720]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44FDBFD497EB2FD6B" box="[499,698,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Curius chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be confused with
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44DF8FD49787CFD6B" box="[976,1140,695,720]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensi">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44DF8FD49787CFD6B" box="[976,1140,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s since the two species share similar pronotal proportions and markings (
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E10FFFD44D9FFD227823FD4D" box="[951,1067,732,758]" captionStart="FIGURE 1. a – b" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[308,1283,479,1739]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. a – b, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, dorsal habitus; b, allotype, female, dorsal habitus; c, Curius dentatus Newman, male, dorsal habitus; d, Curius punctatus (Fisher), holotype, male, dorsal habitus; e, Curius panamensis Bates, male, dorsal habitus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273482/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1a–b</figureCitation>
, e) as well as similar pronotal and prosternal punctation and nodules. However, the new species can be distinguished by antennal morphology: both sexes of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44D52FCD9782EFCFB" box="[890,1062,807,832]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44D52FCD9782EFCFB" box="[890,1062,807,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a strong spine at the apex of the third antennomere (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44D03FCB27FB6FCDE" box="[811,958,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44D03FCB27FB6FCDE" box="[811,958,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the third antennomere is equal to or slightly shorter than the fifth in
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44D1CFC8F7FEFFC31" box="[820,999,881,906]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44D1CFC8F7FEFFC31" box="[820,999,881,906]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the third antennomere is slightly longer than the fifth in
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44C8CFC697F33FC0B" box="[676,827,919,944]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44C8CFC697F33FC0B" box="[676,827,919,944]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Also, the pronotum and elytra of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44B38FC697D9AFC6E" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44B38FC697D9AFC6E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are clothed with short, pale, recumbent, moderately dense hairs (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44B38FC427D7DFC41" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44B38FC427D7DFC41" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the elytral apices of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44C9CFC1F7F6AFC41" box="[692,866,993,1018]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44C9CFC1F7F6AFC41" box="[692,866,993,1018]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are rounded (separately pointed in
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44B38FC1F7D7DFB9B" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44B38FC1F7D7DFB9B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10FFFD44F10FBD27E97FA9D" blockId="5.[264,1324,545,1878]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44F10FBD27DE0FBFD" author="Linsley" box="[312,488,1068,1094]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1963) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 165 pp." type="book" year="1963">Linsley (1963)</bibRefCitation>
defined the genus based on the North American species,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44AB4FBD2792BFBFE" box="[1180,1315,1068,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44AB4FBD2792BFBFE" box="[1180,1315,1068,1093]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Based on Bates’ original description and figure,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44D6BFBAF7FF9FBD0" author="Linsley" box="[835,1009,1105,1131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1963) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 165 pp." type="book" year="1963">Linsley (1963)</bibRefCitation>
expressed doubt about the placement of the only other
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44C7EFB897EAEFB2B" box="[598,678,1143,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44C7EFB897EAEFB2B" box="[598,678,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Curius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species at the time of his writing,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44A68FB8978E5FB2B" box="[1088,1261,1143,1168]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44A68FB8978E5FB2B" box="[1088,1261,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Our detailed examination of the pronotal and prosternal punctation of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44A4FFB6278FEFB0E" box="[1127,1270,1180,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44A4FFB6278FEFB0E" box="[1127,1270,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44B38FB627D9AFB61" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44B38FB627D9AFB61" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44F8BFB3F7E30FB61" box="[419,568,1217,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44F8BFB3F7E30FB61" box="[419,568,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44C54FB3F7F04FB61" box="[636,780,1217,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44C54FB3F7F04FB61" box="[636,780,1217,1242]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, revealed a new synapomorphy for the genus overlooked by previous workers, malespecific gland pores (rounded, elevated tubercles with circular median impressions).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936DCE10FFFD74F10FACF7E9BFDAD" blockId="5.[264,1324,545,1878]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1323,284,534]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">
Notes on sexual dimorphism seen in gland pores: Sexual dimorphism in pronotal and/ or prosternal punctation has been noted in morphological descriptions of cerambycine species from several tribes (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44CB4FA827F5AFA2D" author="LeConte" box="[668,850,1404,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="LeConte, J. L. (1873) New species of North American Coleoptera, prepared for the Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11 (264), 169 - 238; (265), 279 - 348." type="journal article" year="1873">LeConte, 1873</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44D4BFA827FFEFA2D" author="Casey" box="[867,1014,1404,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Casey, T. L. (1912) Studies in the Longicornia of North America. In: Memoirs on the Coleoptera, vol. 3. The New Era Printing Company, Lancaster, PA. 215 - 376 pp." type="journal article" year="1912">Casey 1912</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44A2FFA8278B2FA2D" author="Dusham" box="[1031,1210,1404,1430]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Dusham, E. H. (1921) The painted hickory borer. Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 407, 173 - 203." type="journal article" year="1921">Dusham, 1921</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44AE3FA827D4EFA00" author="Linsley" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Linsley, E. G. (1963) The Cerambycidae of North America. Part IV. Taxonomy and classification of the subfamily Cerambycinae, tribes Elaphidionini through Rhinotragini. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 165 pp." type="book" year="1963">Linsley, 1963</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44F79FA5F7E76FA00" author="Mermudes" box="[337,638,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Mermudes, J. R. M. &amp; Napp, D. S. (2000) Review of the genus Haenkea Tippmann (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae, Cleomenini). The Coleopterists Bulletin, 54, 511 - 519." type="journal article" year="2000">Mermudes &amp; Napp, 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44CA1FA5F7FBEFA00" author="Mermudes" box="[649,950,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Mermudes, J. R. M. &amp; Napp, D. S. (2004) Comparative morphological study of the Neotropical Cleomenini genera and their tranferences to the tribes Rhopalophorini Blanchard and Rhinotragini Thomson (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 48, 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="2004">Mermudes &amp; Napp, 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44DEAFA5F78CCFA00" author="Monne" box="[962,1220,1441,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Monne, M. L. &amp; Napp, D. S. (2005) Cladistic analysis of the tribe Torneutini Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Cerambycinae: Trachyderoinia). Zootaxa, 1062, 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="2005">Monné &amp; Napp, 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44AF8FA5F7DDAFA5A" author="Micheli" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Micheli, C. J. &amp; Nearns, E. H. (2005) Two new species of Plectromerus Haldeman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from the West Indies. Zootaxa, 1028, 23 - 36." type="journal article" year="2005">Micheli &amp; Nearns, 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44FCCFA397F06FA5A" author="Nearns" box="[484,782,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Nearns, E. H. &amp; Steiner, W. E. (2006) A new species of Plectromerus Haldeman (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Navassa Island, Greater Antilles. Zootaxa, 1163, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2006">Nearns &amp; Steiner, 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Within taxonomic literature, malespecific punctures have not previously been linked to aspects of natural history or behavior. We here include the presence of malespecific pheromone gland pores as a morphological character and suggest that the presence of gland pores may indicate that volatile pheromones play a role in the reproductive behavior of this species. Histology and SEM studies of three cerambycine species revealed that malespecific punctures contain gland pores that are pheromone release sites (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44CC9F9597F96F97A" author="Iwabuchi" box="[737,926,1703,1729]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Iwabuchi, K. (1986) Mating behavior of Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) III: Pheromone secretion by male. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 21, 606 - 612." type="journal article" year="1986">Iwabuchi, 1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44D85F95978B0F97A" author="Nakamuta" box="[941,1208,1703,1729]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Nakamuta, K., Sato, H., &amp; Nakashima, T. (1994) Behavioral and morphological evidence for a male-produced sex pheromone in the cryptomeria twig borer, Anaglyptus subfasciatus Pic (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Japanese Journal of Entomology, 62, 371 - 376." type="journal article" year="1994">Nakamuta et al., 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10FFFD44AEFF9597D7BF95D" author="Noldt" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" refString="Noldt, U., Fettkother, R., &amp; Dettner, K. (1995) Structure of the sex pheromone-producing prothoracic glands of the male old house borer, Hylotrupes bajulus (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology, 24, 223 - 234." type="journal article" year="1995">Noldt et al., 1995</bibRefCitation>
). We have identified malespecific gland pores (rounded, elevated tubercles with circular median impressions) on the pronota and prosterna of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44DD2F90F7885F8B1" box="[1018,1165,1777,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chemsaki">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44DD2F90F7885F8B1" box="[1018,1165,1777,1802]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. chemsaki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="134D2A59E10FFFD44A88F90F78F1F8B0" box="[1184,1273,1777,1803]" captionStart="FIGURE 2. a – d" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1081,1105]" captionTargetBox="[377,1219,313,1074]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1220,313,1074]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. a – d, Curius chemsaki Nearns &amp; Ray, new species; a, holotype, male, prosternal detail; b, allotype, female, prosternal detail; c, holotype, male, prosternal gland pores (430 × magnification); d, allotype, female, prosternal punctation (400 × magnification)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
), as well as on the pronota and prosterna of males of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44D5DF8E97808F88B" box="[885,1024,1815,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44D5DF8E97808F88B" box="[885,1024,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44A3CF8E978CDF88B" box="[1044,1221,1815,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamensis">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44A3CF8E978CDF88B" box="[1044,1221,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. panamensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10FFFD44B38F8E97D72F8EE" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10FFFD44B38F8E97D72F8EE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="54">C. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(unpublished data). In addition, we have identified malespecific gland pores with a different morphological structure on the prosterna of another curiine,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10CFFD74AA6FEE27E22FEE0" authority="Olivier, 1790" authorityName="Olivier" authorityYear="1790" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Plectromerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentipes">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10CFFD74AA6FEE27D61FEE1" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">Plectromerus dentipes</emphasis>
(Olivier, 1790)
</taxonomicName>
(unpublished data). Volatile pheromone production by curiine species is supported by the presence of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D5FE10CFFD74D3DFE997FABFE3B" box="[789,931,359,384]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Curius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentatus">
<emphasis id="B902EACEE10CFFD74D3DFE997FABFE3B" box="[789,931,359,384]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="55">C. dentatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in traps baited with synthetic pheromone (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10CFFD74FB4FE727E7EFE1D" author="Lacey" box="[412,630,396,422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="56" refString="Lacey, E. S., Ginzel, M. D., Millar, J. G., &amp; Hanks, L. M. (2004) Male-produced aggregation pheromone of the cerambycid beetle Neoclytus acuminatus acuminatus. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 30, 1493 - 1507." type="journal article" year="2004">Lacey et al., 2004</bibRefCitation>
). A recent morphological survey by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B2DE10CFFD74A0CFE7278E3FE1D" box="[1060,1259,396,422]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" refString="Ray, A. M., Lacey, E. S., &amp; Hanks, L. M. (2006) Predicted taxonomic patterns in pheromone production by longhorned beetles. Naturwissenschaften, [in press]" type="book">Ray et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
used SEM to identify malespecific gland pores in 50 additional cerambycine species, suggesting gland pores are an informative morphological character that provides information about natural history.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>