363 lines
43 KiB
XML
363 lines
43 KiB
XML
<document id="3566720811EAD6183E150BFF781B6ECE" ID-CLB-Dataset="28343" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4567.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4532e6c7-62f0-4889-a145-ce6197f18511" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2599033" ID-ZooBank="D6B29008-A2E9-46ED-BB83-541A34348203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553062758368" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kruskop, Sergei V., Kawai, Kuniko & Tiunov, Mikhail P." docDate="2019" docId="68515A40FF9CFFC447E8FF5F51D6FB91" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4567.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4567 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Barbastella pacifica Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="AFD93791-1867-4971-ACDE-64F113BBC7AE" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="471" masterDocId="94682238FF95FFCE477FFFC8510FFFC9" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic status of the barbastelles (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Barbastella) from the Japanese archipelago and Kunashir Island" masterLastPageNumber="476" masterPageNumber="461" pageNumber="470" updateTime="1698702004413" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="620C2B9FDD0DF7B7B2BD9D5D2F5A9F88" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F2DB43D2802893CF01FDEFD1EAF6451C">
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<mods:title id="6068D9D7385A872ED4CBC8F46EFEC82B">Taxonomic status of the barbastelles (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae: Barbastella) from the Japanese archipelago and Kunashir Island</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E08B461CE2A51BF5DC84B8FFFEE70ECA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="0345C78A1043D87AFD9E80D5C304E08F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="96A29A4661AA8F1C5BCC8FF50D6D2E9D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="204EB2511002753D96DCD8D7E798F704">Kruskop, Sergei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="A6BD7EB309F6DBD366D8C873635A530B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="506117757ACFD04D40282DF76E121BFA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BF44E5E9BEED28D60C3D1A78EFE87ADA">Kawai, Kuniko</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="81E3FC5D77A609F5A80987D0F199FACE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2ACCAD726A514C1A739985D7247A65B1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="640AA2B6C5C1E6FB985693A85130795C">Tiunov, Mikhail P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="24A94EC622D306922D8386C4CE7EB729">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DCD0E0401A2B5B0F62A28A5D92D24DD7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="FDACC997FA29028312F4D83A716EE8E0">
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<mods:date id="EE280A1B67C12D16490D404E13D2F08A">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8C1D7B1C76D64049E83C78720FE817CE">2019-03-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5E31A8A33D99DF5CBE58853B152A7949">4567</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="35172290A202B30541780EDEB6367475" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="12B9C994306DAC211A69086BE1E3FA86">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="369829410F8B79C78A1D9B3420228D9C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="91C95F821DD973251118FA8649D8BF34" type="CLB-Dataset">28343</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D36D7F24BC682B8A8239403489BA73CD" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4567.3.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="300642FCA4E39A18B10C6E4D6E2F57BC" type="GBIF-Dataset">4532e6c7-62f0-4889-a145-ce6197f18511</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="86C305B6AFBD5695208FD6E6F489FE95" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E4EE8C279B76597F2A972663B123633F" type="ZooBank">D6B29008-A2E9-46ED-BB83-541A34348203</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="68515A40FF9CFFC447E8FF5F51D6FB91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860422" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154435180" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860422" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFD93791-1867-4971-ACDE-64F113BBC7AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/68515A40FF9CFFC447E8FF5F51D6FB91" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9CFFC747E8FF5F52C0FF1A" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747E8FF5F50E1FF7B" blockId="9.[151,975,151,211]" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<heading id="BB0F5C3AFF9CFFC747E8FF5F50E1FF7B" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747E8FF5F50E1FF7B" bold="true" box="[151,494,151,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC747E8FF5F5086FF78" ID-CoL="8LV98" authority="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov, 2019" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,393,151,177]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacifica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747E8FF5F5086FF78" bold="true" box="[151,393,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Barbastella pacifica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C9BF8A3FFF9CFFC746EFFF5050E1FF7B" box="[400,494,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747E8FF7252C0FF1A" blockId="9.[151,975,151,211]" box="[151,975,186,211]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<uri id="9469E754FF9CFFC747E8FF7252C0FF1A" box="[151,975,186,211]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="945ED183FF9CFFC746D8FF7252C0FF1A" box="[423,975,186,211]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">AFD93791-1867-4971-ACDE-64F113BBC7AE</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9CFFC747E8FF325578FE22" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747E8FF32506EFEFF" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747E8FF32500BFEDA" bold="true" box="[151,260,250,275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<typeStatus id="3F4355F4FF9CFFC747E8FF32500BFEDA" box="[151,260,250,275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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. BSI 168-07, adult male, carcass in alcohol and skull, captured on July, 2006. Collected by Selezneva T.A., Tiunov M.P.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FE8A536DFEB6" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FE8A5069FE92" bold="true" box="[199,358,322,347]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Type locality.</emphasis>
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Kunashir (Kunashiri)
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<collectingCountry id="98EFABC6FF9CFFC7451CFE8A53A5FE92" box="[611,682,322,347]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Island</collectingCountry>
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, Filatova (Ruyabetsu) stream, ca.
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<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74355FE8B556CFE92" box="[1066,1123,322,347]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
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from the mouth (
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<bibRefCitation id="846996A7FF9CFFC74256FE8A5048FEB6" author="Selezneva, T. A. & Tiunov, M. P." pageId="9" pageNumber="470" pagination="443" refId="ref9188" refString="Selezneva, T. A. & Tiunov, M. P. (2007) Barbastella leucomelas (Cretzschmar, 1826) is a new species for fauna of the Russian Far East. In: Rozhnov, V. V. (Ed), Theriofauna of Russia and adjacent territories. Archives of the International conference. KMK Scientific press, Moscow, p. 443. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="2007">Selezneva & Tiunov 2007</bibRefCitation>
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);
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<geoCoordinate id="85CC8D91FF9CFFC74624FEAF50DEFEB6" box="[347,465,359,383]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" precision="55" value="44.19">N 44.190°</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="85CC8D91FF9CFFC746A3FEAF5351FEB6" box="[476,606,358,383]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" precision="55" value="146.023">E 146.023°</geoCoordinate>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FE4255F9FE0E" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC747B8FE42530CFE6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824411" box="[199,515,394,419]" location="Kunashir Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FE425030FE6A" bold="true" box="[199,319,394,419]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<typeStatus id="3F4355F4FF9CFFC747B8FE425030FE6A" box="[199,319,394,419]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<location id="E527BD8DFF9CFFC74633FE42530CFE6A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:68515A40FF9CFFC447E8FF5F51D6FB91:E527BD8DFF9CFFC74633FE42530CFE6A" box="[332,515,394,419]" name="Kunashir Island" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Kunashir Island</location>
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</materialsCitation>
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:
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||
<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC74572FE4355DFFE6A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824414" box="[525,1232,394,419]" collectionCode="NSMT" location="Hokkaido" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectionCode id="86E97393FF9CFFC74572FE435354FE6A" box="[525,603,395,419]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">NSMT</collectionCode>
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M 61925, male, carcass in alcohol and skull;
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<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9CFFC74322FE4255DFFE6A" box="[1117,1232,394,419]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
:
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<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC743A5FE4350A8FE0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824412" collectionCode="NSMT" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectionCode id="86E97393FF9CFFC743A5FE435427FE6A" box="[1242,1320,395,419]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">NSMT</collectionCode>
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M 14816, male, dry skin and skull
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC746CDFE6753F6FE0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824413" box="[434,761,430,455]" collectionCode="NSMT" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectionCode id="86E97393FF9CFFC746CDFE67530FFE0E" box="[434,512,431,455]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">NSMT</collectionCode>
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M 18559, male, skull
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC7447BFE6755FCFE0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824416" box="[772,1267,430,455]" collectionCode="NSMT" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hokkaido" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectionCode id="86E97393FF9CFFC7447BFE67525DFE0E" box="[772,850,431,455]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">NSMT</collectionCode>
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M 18560, female, dry skin and skull
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FE1A5578FE22" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" box="[199,1143,466,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FE1A50EBFE22" bold="true" box="[199,484,466,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Other referred material</emphasis>
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||
.
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<materialsCitation id="5090E10BFF9CFFC7468DFE1B557BFE22" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824415" box="[498,1140,466,491]" location="Honshu" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" specimenCount="19" stateProvince="Hokkaido">
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<specimenCount id="F6FE20DFFF9CFFC7468DFE1B5385FE22" box="[498,650,466,491]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="generic">19 specimens</specimenCount>
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from
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<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9CFFC745B1FE1A5233FE22" box="[718,828,466,491]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
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and
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<location id="E527BD8DFF9CFFC7440CFE1A52C1FE22" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:68515A40FF9CFFC447E8FF5F51D6FB91:E527BD8DFF9CFFC7440CFE1A52C1FE22" box="[883,974,466,491]" name="Honshu" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" stateProvince="Hokkaido">Honshu</location>
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||
; see list above
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9CFFC747B8FE3E53EBFD9E" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FE3E53EBFD9E" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FE3E5338FDC6" bold="true" box="[199,567,502,527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Etymology and common name.</emphasis>
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The name ‘
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<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC745C3FE3F5219FDC6" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[700,790,503,527]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC745C3FE3F5219FDC6" box="[700,790,503,527]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ applies to the species restriction for islands in the North- West Pacific.
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74649FDD25030FDFA" bold="true" box="[310,319,538,563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">‘</emphasis>
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Japanese barbastelle’ can be suggested as a common name for this species since most part of its range cover Japanese islands
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<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9CFFC7469FFDF65341FD9E" box="[480,590,574,599]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
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and Honshu.
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9CFFC747B8FDAA5214FD0A" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FDAA5214FD0A" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FDAA504EFDB2" bold="true" box="[199,321,610,635]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Middle size bat with typical
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<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC745FBFDAB5208FDB2" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[644,775,611,635]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC745FBFDAB5208FDB2" box="[644,775,611,635]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Barbastella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appearance. Large species within the genus (condylo-basal length of skull more than
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC746C0FD4E532BFD57" box="[447,548,646,671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3599999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="13.6">13.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
and forearm length no less than
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC744E2FD4F52FEFD56" box="[925,1009,647,671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
|
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), with proportionally high brain case, moderately sloped facial profile and long dark-brown fur.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9CFFC447B8FD06544FFD39" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FD0651E9FC52" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC747B8FD065056FD2E" bold="true" box="[199,345,718,743]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Description.</emphasis>
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A large species of barbastelle (CBL
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC7447AFD0652C7FD2F" box="[773,968,718,743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.405" metricValueMax="1.4449999999999998" metricValueMin="1.365" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="14.05" valueMax="14.45" valueMin="13.65">13.65–14.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
, CM
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74375FD0655BEFD2F" box="[1034,1201,718,743]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.88" metricValueMax="5.01" metricValueMin="4.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="4.88" valueMax="5.01" valueMin="4.75">4.75–5.01 mm</quantity>
|
||
, HB
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74390FD065463FD2F" box="[1263,1388,718,743]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="56.0" valueMax="61.0" valueMin="51.0">51–61 mm</quantity>
|
||
, FA 39.0–43.0 mm), demonstrating all the typical traits of the genus. Ears are broadly triangular, connected at the frontal point, and relatively long (A 14.1–19.0), without an additional lobe on the outer margin (as opposed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC742FBFCDF502DFC9A" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC742FBFCDF502DFC9A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC74626FCF350F0FC9A" box="[345,511,827,851]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beijingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74626FCF350F0FC9A" box="[345,511,827,851]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. beijingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The tragus is long (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74465FCF2527DFC9A" box="[794,882,826,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and more or less triangular; its posterior margin is slightly concave in the upper third and convex at the widest part of the tragus. Ears and naked facial parts are brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FC6E5202FA83" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
|
||
The fur is long, thick and soft, with somewhat wavy underfur hairs. Hairs are about 10.0–
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC743D0FC6E541EFC77" box="[1199,1297,934,959]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length on the back and about 8.0–
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC746C4FC025319FC2B" box="[443,534,970,995]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long on the belly (almost as long as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC74374FC035589FC2B" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1908" box="[1035,1158,971,994]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74374FC035589FC2B" box="[1035,1158,971,994]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. caspica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and longer than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC742FBFC035039FBCF" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC742FBFC035039FBCF" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="98EFABC6FF9CFFC7453AFC2653A6FBCE" box="[581,681,1006,1031]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
). The underfur is dark brown with a slight mixture of pale grayishbrown hairs; guard hairs are dark brown, with pale terminal parts. In adult animals, lengths of the paler parts vary from ca.
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74781FBFF5059FB87" box="[254,342,1079,1103]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
on the sides of the back to ca.
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC745C1FBFE521AFB87" box="[702,789,1078,1103]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in the middle, and can be nearly absent on the nape and head. The overall appearance is deep brown, shadowed with light brown and definitely less glossy than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC742FBFB9351E2FB5F" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1908" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC742FBFB9351E2FB5F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. caspica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC7465DFBB750B0FB5F" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[290,447,1150,1174]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC7465DFBB750B0FB5F" box="[290,447,1150,1174]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Belly colouration in general is similar to that of the back. Pale tips appear more grayish and are about 1.5–2.0 mm in length. On the sides and in the groin area, the pale parts represent about half of the hair lengths, forming a grayish-coloured zone. On both the back and belly, the transition from dark to pale parts of the hairs is gradual, without any conspicuous border. As a whole, the tone of the fur colouration and the degree of pale shading are most similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC74505FAC75227FAEF" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" box="[634,808,1294,1318]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74505FAC75227FAEF" box="[634,808,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In immature animals, the pale tips of hairs are less developed, which results in a darker overall appearance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC747B8FA9F5415F97A" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
|
||
In the context of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC7456DFA9E539AFAA7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1821" box="[530,661,1366,1390]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC7456DFA9E539AFAA7" box="[530,661,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Barbastella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the skull of the new species has a moderately high and rounded braincase (
|
||
<figureCitation id="78C3F7D3FF9CFFC7466BFAB25054FA5A" box="[276,347,1402,1427]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[171,1410,1161,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[152,1435,1153,1913]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Skulls of the newly describing Barbastella species: a—Barbastella pacifica sp. nov., holotype BSI 168-07, adult male, Kunashir Island; b—Barbastella pacifica sp. nov., NSMT M-8774, female, Honshu, Saitama; c—B. leucomelas, NMP PB2883, adult male, Egypt, Sinai; d—B. cf. darjelingensis, ZMMU S-186685, adult male, Vietnam, Lao Cai. Scale bar 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599045/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Its frontal part is slightly higher than the temporal part, but less than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC743BAFAB3547CFA5A" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" box="[1221,1395,1403,1427]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC743BAFAB3547CFA5A" box="[1221,1395,1403,1427]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC742FBFAB3501AFA7F" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC742FBFAB3501AFA7F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC74644FA5750EFFA7F" box="[315,480,1438,1462]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beijingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74644FA5750EFFA7F" box="[315,480,1438,1462]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. beijingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and a shallow depression can usually be seen on the level of the coronal suture. The sagittal ridge is not developed and the occipital ridge is weak. The facial part is wide, with a shallow but prominent depression, somewhat less pronounced than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC745DBFA2F526DFA37" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[676,866,1510,1534]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC745DBFA2F526DFA37" box="[676,866,1510,1534]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; in the lateral view, the facial profile slopes almost evenly, and concaves only slightly. The anterorbital foramen is large, rounded and situated over the roots of P4; the suborbital channel is ca.
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC746CAF9E7534EF98F" box="[437,577,1583,1607]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The lacrimal foramen is exposed, turned backward and situated above the level of the anterorbital foramen. On the lower jaw, the coronoid process is vertical and short, as in other barbastelles. The angular process is slightly projected backward beyond the level of the articular process, more than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC74794F953509BF97A" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" box="[235,404,1691,1715]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC74794F953509BF97A" box="[235,404,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but less than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9CFFC7452DF9535200F97A" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[594,783,1691,1715]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9CFFC7452DF9535200F97A" box="[594,783,1691,1715]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and its tip is blunter than in the latter species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9CFFC447B8F9765200FF1C" blockId="9.[151,1437,250,2003]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="9" pageNumber="470">
|
||
Teeth are similar to that of other barbastelles. In the upper teeth, the inner incisor is definitely bicuspidate, with a subequal height of both cusps and sometimes with a minute indentation on the posterior edge, about 2/
|
||
<quantity id="270046B3FF9CFFC74259F92A545FF932" box="[1318,1360,1762,1787]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="9" pageNumber="470" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
|
||
height of the appropriate canine. The outer incisor is small, but with a commonly definite posterior cusp (having a sharp rectangular indentation shape); it is similar or slightly smaller than the inner one in the crown area and one third to half of its height. The upper canine is without additional cusps or indentations, and its base is wide-oval on a crosssection. The upper small premolar is highly reduced; in some individuals, it is absent in one or both sides of the jaw. The first and second upper molars have greatly reduced hypocones and basins opened at the base of the metacone. The lower canine has a moderate secondary cusp, which is higher than the outer incisor. The outer incisor crown is somewhat simplified: the posterior supplementary cusp is usually not developed, and in some individuals, one of three main cusps is also rudimentary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9FFFC447B8FF175027FE89" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">
|
||
The baculum, as mentioned above, has a specific feature in the shape of the main shaft, which is proportionally wide with a widened and very blunt distal epiphysis. In comparison to the baculum of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC4431FFECD5412FED5" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[1120,1309,260,284]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC4431FFECD5412FED5" box="[1120,1309,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, it is wider and massive.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9FFFC447B8FE8452F2FDF4" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">
|
||
Overall, the new species, besides genetic differences, can be separated from all other species by its fur colouration: darker, especially on the belly, than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC44473FEB952BFFE41" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[780,944,368,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC44473FEB952BFFE41" box="[780,944,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC4448BFEB9557FFE4E" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1908" box="[1012,1136,368,392]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC4448BFEB9557FFE4E" box="[1012,1136,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. caspica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, more brown than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC442FBFEB9502DFE65" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC442FBFEB9502DFE65" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC44621FE5D532FFE65" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[350,544,404,428]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC44621FE5D532FFE65" box="[350,544,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and, from the latter, it also has longer and less contrasting pale hair tips. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC4465BFE7150CDFE19" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[292,450,440,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC4465BFE7150CDFE19" box="[292,450,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC44687FE7153ADFE19" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" box="[504,674,440,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC44687FE7153ADFE19" box="[504,674,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its larger overall size, and from the latter and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC443B3FE71547DFE19" box="[1228,1394,440,464]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beijingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC443B3FE71547DFE19" box="[1228,1394,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. beijingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by its ear shape. It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC446A8FE15539AFE3D" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[471,661,476,500]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darjelingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC446A8FE15539AFE3D" box="[471,661,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. darjelingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its shorter and blunter angular process of the mandible, and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC447E8FDC9504EFDD1" box="[151,321,512,536]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="beijingensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC447E8FDC9504EFDD1" box="[151,321,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. beijingensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a less inflated braincase. The baculum shape easily distinguishes the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC442FBFDC9502DFDF5" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1774" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbastellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC442FBFDC9502DFDF5" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. barbastellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC44650FDED50C3FDF5" authorityName="Kruskop & Kawai & Tiunov" authorityYear="2019" box="[303,460,548,572]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leucomelas">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC44650FDED50C3FDF5" box="[303,460,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. leucomelas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27F890D5FF9FFFC446A5FDED5340FDF5" authorityName="Satunin" authorityYear="1908" box="[474,591,549,572]" class="Mammalia" family="Vespertilionidae" genus="Barbastella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caspica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC446A5FDED5340FDF5" box="[474,591,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">B. caspica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and barbastelles from Southeast Asia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9FFFC447B8FD8F544FFD39" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC447B8FD8F503AFDA9" bold="true" box="[199,309,583,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. We did not find any variation in the haplotypes between the northern and southern populations of this species, suggesting that the divergence of these populations is very recent. Morphologically, as shown above, these two samples were also indistinguishable; we only found that animals from the Honshu population more frequently lacked upper small premolars. The difference in bacula size between our specimens and an individual depicted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="846996A7FF9FFFC4465FFD1F50ECFD39" author="Yoshiyuki, M." box="[288,483,727,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" refId="ref9820" refString="Yoshiyuki, M. (1989) A Systematic Study of the Japanese Chiroptera. National Science Museum, Tokyo, 242 pp." type="book" year="1989">Yoshiyuki (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
may be a result of age or individual variability, which requires further study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A8E2B8DDFF9FFFC447B8FD3451D6FB91" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9FFFC447B8FD34503EFC6C" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC447B8FD34506FFCDC" bold="true" box="[199,352,764,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The newly described species is restricted in distribution to the Japanese and Southern Kuril Islands and widely separated from the nearest populations of congeneric species living on mainland Asia. It occurs on Kunashir Island, and on most parts of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC44501FC8C53E2FC94" box="[638,749,836,861]" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
|
||
(except the south-west), and has a sporadic distribution on Honshu (recorded in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC446D3FCA050E2FCB6" box="[428,493,872,895]" country="Japan" name="Iwate" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Iwate</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC44688FCAF5378FC49" box="[503,631,871,896]" country="Japan" name="Fukushima" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Fukushima</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC445FDFCAF53C3FC49" box="[642,716,871,896]" country="Japan" name="Tokyo" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Tokyo</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC445A8FCA0525FFC49" box="[727,848,872,896]" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Kanagawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC44425FCA052BBFC49" box="[858,948,872,896]" country="Japan" name="Nagano" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Nagano</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC444C0FCAF52FAFC49" box="[959,1013,871,896]" country="Japan" name="Gifu" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Gifu</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC4437FFCAF5567FC49" box="[1024,1128,871,896]" country="Japan" name="Shizuoka" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Shizuoka</collectingRegion>
|
||
prefectures) and on Sikoku (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="846996A7FF9FFFC447E1FC44502AFC6C" author="Fukui, D." box="[158,293,908,933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" pagination="88 - 89" refId="ref8106" refString="Fukui, D. (2015) Barbastella darjelingensis. In: Ohdachi, S. D., Ishibashi, Y., Iwasa, M. A., Fukui, D. & Saitoh, T. (Eds.), The wild Mammals of Japan. Second edition. Shoukadon Book Sellers, Kyoto, pp. 88 - 89." type="book chapter" year="2015">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC447E1FC4451EEFC6C" box="[158,225,908,933]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E047EB56FF9FFFC447B8FC6751D6FB91" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">
|
||
<emphasis id="D28C3744FF9FFFC447B8FC6750B9FC01" bold="true" box="[199,438,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Ecological remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The natural history is poorly known (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="846996A7FF9FFFC44418FC6752FFFC01" author="Fukui, D." box="[871,1008,943,968]" pageId="10" pageNumber="471" pagination="88 - 89" refId="ref8106" refString="Fukui, D. (2015) Barbastella darjelingensis. In: Ohdachi, S. D., Ishibashi, Y., Iwasa, M. A., Fukui, D. & Saitoh, T. (Eds.), The wild Mammals of Japan. Second edition. Shoukadon Book Sellers, Kyoto, pp. 88 - 89." type="book chapter" year="2015">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="223C25B4FF9FFFC44418FC6752A5FC01" box="[871,938,943,968]" country="Japan" name="Fukui" pageId="10" pageNumber="471">Fukui</collectingRegion>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Most probably, this species is forest dwelling, inhabiting temperate mixed and broad-leafed forests. Hibernation sites and day roosts are in caves, artificial underground shelters and rock crevices. The population number and natural density is not known; the status of the whole population, and especially the isolated southern sub-populations, requires further in-depth study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |