treatments-xml/data/EF/0D/87/EF0D878F165E4A76F4CB6426FF5D2C25.xml
2024-06-21 12:57:04 +02:00

187 lines
23 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="9BEFD976A944DD1E5A0481913D62704F" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4127.3.10" ID-CLB-Dataset="38721" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4127.3.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dc1ccd74-a60c-4c78-b6ed-5b92c3d67f68" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="255112" ID-ZooBank="070257B2-DF5C-4BA8-B6EB-7929B8D385BA" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466753293575" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Radashevsky, Vasily I., Pankova, Victoria V. &amp; Nuzhdin, Sergey V." docDate="2016" docId="EF0D878F165E4A76F4CB6426FF5D2C25" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4127.3.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4127 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhynchospio foliosa Imajima 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="584" masterDocId="1334FFF7165A4A73F45C6501FFB72859" masterDocTitle="Molecular analysis of six Rhynchospio Hartman, 1936 species (Annelida: Spionidae) with comments on the evolution of brooding within the group" masterLastPageNumber="590" masterPageNumber="579" pageNumber="583" updateTime="1698663167636" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="B92A2FEB4422B0B412CCFF618B786E53" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3A839F4E8A0F877D7F95F8FD9C097287">
<mods:title id="849A0872C68DA4073F1F29D78869F07D">Molecular analysis of six Rhynchospio Hartman, 1936 species (Annelida: Spionidae) with comments on the evolution of brooding within the group</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D1B187309B0D8D4F014704F7C4F6A7BB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2EB7328A7B1F7CB4DD14EAEA1AB94B0C">
<mods:roleTerm id="79B1AD8BE5557DFFD96E5C309848A95A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6BDC33F2C24DC677AF77236AC106FA2C">Radashevsky, Vasily I.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DD3050244897B430E4D7D8CD4B146002" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BA38F1EB21821B0C1B880E92AD9EEB3E">
<mods:roleTerm id="986230044FF60111DBE3EC779A4A6856">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7036987B87E4B0232D08FE843DF10C6F">Pankova, Victoria V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C812965639FC0F2F06D38196CDF7A3A5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="85681D1994AF89590805867E78DA3CA1">
<mods:roleTerm id="AD987D1A20A265CEE24DDAAA49D76D45">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9AD8FDB56C27572F9D56C3A0F0BC3485">Nuzhdin, Sergey V.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="8CD09CCC6E6335CA291040CDA83D2DBC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="07D81D30E81B4C0FB6CAB563A673420D" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="28FC5FE00D7158F8F7E192579C4B44AD">
<mods:title id="F03CDE2B30FB704EB00FD6ADCA18EF15">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="859EFD2FFDF42D0900A702A618848283">
<mods:date id="A914DD430C863E307145688A769BEC4F">2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D0473A3E405E32F501BE9C0A76ACAAE6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F0CEEBAD6F0A8EF980521F8CC530D982">4127</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9857966E40D99BEAF67D54D39E01B8F0" type="issue">
<mods:number id="BFD32B391C3621F83DDB24CDD58DC3F7">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B9AFE01130BF2CBBB5F3C88964C5DE29" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B6976CB36483469DA2FC9B94A802743E">579</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9F62745FFB3320D7F4D0E642AA1C7543">590</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="6E1C31B04C30729114B01CA0E661E42C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C34CAB51C1C0F5C3DF8D251CE53F61A2" type="CLB-Dataset">38721</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2FE9F2BCA8D1CCD121EFD814F8BA761D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4127.3.10</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8FA530620E174815C1BE0FE12706949A" type="GBIF-Dataset">dc1ccd74-a60c-4c78-b6ed-5b92c3d67f68</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DA758AE50273F6C941784F0D02ECC67F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0786493025DC2AFA6F9E38C8CABEB182" type="Zenodo-Dep">255112</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F706E9B545549C82E45DD5D3A80B30A0" type="ZooBank">070257B2-DF5C-4BA8-B6EB-7929B8D385BA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="EF0D878F165E4A76F4CB6426FF5D2C25" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6069946" ID-GBIF-Taxon="121066955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6069946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF0D878F165E4A76F4CB6426FF5D2C25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF0D878F165E4A76F4CB6426FF5D2C25" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<subSubSection id="2FBE6512165E4A77F4CB6426FF5C293A" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A77F4CB6426FDD8291B" blockId="4.[151,623,295,355]" box="[151,623,295,322]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<heading id="3C5381F5165E4A77F4CB6426FDD8291B" bold="true" box="[151,623,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165E4A77F4CB6426FDD8291B" ID-CoL="797SH" authority="Imajima, 1991" authorityName="Imajima" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,623,295,322]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4CB6426FDD8291B" bold="true" box="[151,623,295,322]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4CB6426FE822918" bold="true" box="[151,309,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Rhynchospio</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F53D6426FE052918" bold="true" box="[353,434,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">foliosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="03354B68165E4A77F5E66429FDD8291B" author="Imajima" box="[442,623,296,322]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" refString="Imajima, M. (1991) Spionidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Japan. VI. The genera Malacoceros and Rhynchospio. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 17 (1), 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1991">Imajima, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A77F4CB644BFF5C293A" blockId="4.[151,623,295,355]" box="[151,235,330,355]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
(
<figureCitation id="FF9F2A1C165E4A77F4C3644BFF57293A" box="[159,224,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,585,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,585,1555]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gamete morphology of Rhynchospio cf. foliosa (fixed material). A, B, developed coelomic oocytes. A, external honey-combed surface of oocyte thick envelope. B, optical section of an oocyte, showing 20 30 vesicles (cortical alveoli, ve) associated with inner surface, germinal vesicle (gv) and single nucleolus (nl). C, D, spermatozoa, showing conical acrosome (ac) with a small dark spherical structure in anterior part and a transparent central part, ovoid nucleus (nu), a few spherical mitochondria, and a long flagellum. Scale bars: A C = 10 µm; D = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255113/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FBE6512165E4A77F4CB6493FD0629F1" box="[151,689,402,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A77F4CB6493FD0629F1" blockId="4.[151,689,402,424]" box="[151,689,402,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="47B411B7165E4A77F4CB6493FD0629F1" box="[151,689,402,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165E4A77F4CB6493FD9129F1" ID-CoL="797SH" authority="Imajima, 1991: 14" authorityName="Imajima" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,550,402,424]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4CB6493FED229F1" box="[151,357,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Rhynchospio foliosa</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="E6051088165E4A77F5376493FD9129F1" author="Imajima" box="[363,550,402,424]" page="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="03354B68165E4A77F5376493FDB529F1" author="Imajima" box="[363,514,402,424]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" refString="Imajima, M. (1991) Spionidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Japan. VI. The genera Malacoceros and Rhynchospio. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 17 (1), 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1991">Imajima, 1991</bibRefCitation>
: 14
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
17, figs 6, 7.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FBE6512165E4A76F4CB64D4FE902A95" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A77F4CB64D4FCCB2A48" blockId="4.[151,1436,469,530]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4CB64D4FF4829B7" bold="true" box="[151,255,469,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Material</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="1FB37609165E4A77F54B64D4FEF829B7" box="[279,335,469,494]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F54B64D4FEF829B7" bold="true" box="[279,335,469,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">USA</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F53B64D4FE7629B7" bold="true" box="[359,449,469,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Oregon</emphasis>
, Newport, sea water pump of the Hatfield Marine Science Center,
<geoCoordinate id="0290505E165E4A77F14764D4FA2F29B7" box="[1307,1432,469,494]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" precision="5" value="44.6223">44.6223°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0290505E165E4A77F4CB64F8FE912A48" box="[151,294,505,529]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" precision="5" value="-124.0433">124.0433°W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. J.W. Chapman,
<date id="131A1059165E4A77F64664F8FD102A48" box="[538,679,505,529]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" value="2010-10-20">20 Oct 2010</date>
,
<collectionCode id="01B5AE5C165E4A77F6EE64FBFCB72A48" box="[690,768,506,529]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/063z-3mpp" name="Museum of the Institute of Marine Biology" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">MIMB</collectionCode>
28 104 (2).
</paragraph>
<caption id="33DB6611165E4A77F4CB632AFC372EE2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255113/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" targetBox="[151,1435,585,1554]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A77F4CB632AFC372EE2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1579,1723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4CB632AFEA32E18" bold="true" box="[151,276,1579,1601]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Gamete morphology of
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165E4A77F64F632AFCB32E18" box="[531,772,1579,1601]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F64F632AFD212E18" box="[531,662,1579,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Rhynchospio</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F6E3632AFCB32E18" box="[703,772,1579,1601]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(fixed material). A, B, developed coelomic oocytes. A, external honey-combed surface of oocyte thick envelope. B, optical section of an oocyte, showing 2030 vesicles (cortical alveoli,
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F121634BFA242E06" box="[1405,1427,1610,1631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">ve</emphasis>
) associated with inner surface, germinal vesicle (
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F6D46368FD282E27" box="[648,671,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">gv</emphasis>
) and single nucleolus (
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F7CF6369FC102E27" box="[915,935,1640,1662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">nl</emphasis>
). C, D, spermatozoa, showing conical acrosome (
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F4C36389FF012EC4" box="[159,182,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">ac</emphasis>
) with a small dark spherical structure in anterior part and a transparent central part, ovoid nucleus (
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F0916389FB512EC4" box="[1229,1254,1672,1693]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">nu</emphasis>
), a few spherical mitochondria, and a long flagellum. Scale bars: AC = 10 µm; D = 5 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="671B3699165E4A76F49B63E9FE902A95" blockId="4.[151,1437,1768,2009]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,1148]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="584" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165E4A77F49B63E9FE982F58" bold="true" box="[199,303,1768,1793]" pageId="4" pageNumber="583">Synopsis</emphasis>
. Up to
<quantity id="A05C9B7C165E4A77F5DD63E9FE782F59" box="[385,463,1768,1792]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="A05C9B7C165E4A77F64863E9FDE22F59" box="[532,597,1768,1792]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="583" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide for 90 chaetigers. Prostomium with two conical pointed fronto-lateral horns. Caruncle low and indistinct, decreasing in height and ending at posterior margin of chaetiger 1. Occipital antenna absent. Two pairs of dark red eyes arranged trapezoidally, comprising one pair of small median eyes and one pair of slightly larger lateral eyes situated anteriorly and set wider apart. Nuchal organs metameric, one pair of metamers on posterior half of each chaetiger ending on about chaetiger 25. Chaetiger 1 with capillaries and postchaetal lamellae in both rami; notopodial capillaries directed upwards, about 1.5 times as long as those on succeeding chaetigers. Notopodia with only capillary chaetae throughout body. Sabre chaetae in neuropodia as gradual transformation of inferior capillaries on chaetigers 2530; chaetae with narrow limbation and granulation on distal part of shaft. Hooks in neuropodia from chaetigers 1718, with only outer hood, tridentate, with two small upper teeth arranged in line above main fang; shaft slightly curved, with weak constriction in upper part. Branchiae from chaetiger 2 onwards, large, broad and foliaceous on anterior chaetigers, gradually becoming narrower and smaller on posterior chaetigers, flattened, with surfaces oriented parallel to body axis, free from notopodial lamellae. Pygidium with one pair of ventral cirri and up to 15 pairs of thinner and longer dorsal cirri; ventral cirri with dark pigment diffused in basal part; dorsal cirri transparent. Simultaneous hermaphrodites with sperm in chaetigers 1334 and oocytes from chaetiger 36 onwards. Oogenesis intraovarian; vitellogenesis occurring when oocytes growing attached to segmental blood vessels. Vitellogenic oocytes subspherical, up to about 50 µm in diameter, with honey-combed envelope without vesicles. Developed coelomic oocytes oval, up to
<date id="131A1059165F4A76F0A764DDFA9229AC" box="[1275,1317,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" value="1975-10">75x</date>
125 µm in diameter, with germinal vesicle about 40 µm and single nucleolus 12 µm in diameter; envelope about 6 µm thick, with external honey-combed surface and 2030 vesicles (cortical alveoli) each 67 µm in diameter associated with inner surface (
<figureCitation id="FF9F2A1C165F4A76F5656746FECE2A39" box="[313,377,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,585,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,585,1555]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gamete morphology of Rhynchospio cf. foliosa (fixed material). A, B, developed coelomic oocytes. A, external honey-combed surface of oocyte thick envelope. B, optical section of an oocyte, showing 20 30 vesicles (cortical alveoli, ve) associated with inner surface, germinal vesicle (gv) and single nucleolus (nl). C, D, spermatozoa, showing conical acrosome (ac) with a small dark spherical structure in anterior part and a transparent central part, ovoid nucleus (nu), a few spherical mitochondria, and a long flagellum. Scale bars: A C = 10 µm; D = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255113/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
A, B). Spermatids joined in tetrads; spermatozoa ect-aquasperm with conical acrosome about 1.5 µm long and 1 µm in diameter, ovoid nucleus 2 µm long and 1.5 µm in diameter, a few spherical mitochondria, and a long flagellum; acrosome with transparent central part and a small dark spherical structure in anterior part (
<figureCitation id="FF9F2A1C165F4A76F4C367B5FF682A95" box="[159,223,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,585,1554]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,585,1555]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Gamete morphology of Rhynchospio cf. foliosa (fixed material). A, B, developed coelomic oocytes. A, external honey-combed surface of oocyte thick envelope. B, optical section of an oocyte, showing 20 30 vesicles (cortical alveoli, ve) associated with inner surface, germinal vesicle (gv) and single nucleolus (nl). C, D, spermatozoa, showing conical acrosome (ac) with a small dark spherical structure in anterior part and a transparent central part, ovoid nucleus (nu), a few spherical mitochondria, and a long flagellum. Scale bars: A C = 10 µm; D = 5 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/255113/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
C, D).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2FBE6512165F4A76F49B67D6FF5D2C25" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="671B3699165F4A76F49B67D6FE5F2B91" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F49B67D6FE832AA9" bold="true" box="[199,308,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165F4A76F51E67D9FD912AA9" box="[322,550,728,752]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F51E67D9FD912AA9" box="[322,550,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Rhynchospio foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described by
<bibRefCitation id="03354B68165F4A76F73667D6FBAE2AA9" author="Imajima" box="[874,1049,727,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" refString="Imajima, M. (1991) Spionidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Japan. VI. The genera Malacoceros and Rhynchospio. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A (Zoology), 17 (1), 5 - 17." type="journal article" year="1991">Imajima (1991)</bibRefCitation>
from a single complete individual (
<quantity id="A05C9B7C165F4A76F4FC67FDFF472B4D" box="[160,240,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
long, about
<quantity id="A05C9B7C165F4A76F5DC67FDFE752B4D" box="[384,450,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide for 79 chaetigers, with sabre chaetae in neuropodia from chaetiger 15 and hooks from chaetiger 17) from Usujiri Bay, Hokkaido Is.,
<collectingCountry id="1FB37609165F4A76F68B6621FCAC2B6E" box="[727,795,800,823]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Japan</collectingCountry>
. The species has never been redescribed or reported from outside of the
<typeStatus id="B81F883B165F4A76F5696644FED22B04" box="[309,357,837,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">type</typeStatus>
locality. Individuals from Oregon match the description of
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165F4A76F7A26644FBDE2B05" box="[1022,1129,836,860]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F7A26644FBDE2B05" box="[1022,1129,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">R. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in most diagnostic features but differ in having up to 32 pygidial cirri instead of 18. This difference may be due to ontogenetic or individual variability which remain unknown in this species, but such variability has been documented in other similar spionids (Radashevsky 2012).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="671B3699165F4A76F49B66D4FF5D2C25" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">
No
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165F4A76F4AF66D5FE332BB5" box="[243,388,980,1004]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F4AF66D5FE332BB5" box="[243,388,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Rhynchospio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with numerous pygidial cirri and broad and foliaceous branchiae similar to those from the Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, Oregon has been reported from the Pacific coast of North
<collectingCountry id="1FB37609165F4A76F16966F6FA2E2C49" box="[1333,1433,1015,1040]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">America</collectingCountry>
. Whether the worms from Newport belong to a rare new species native in Oregon or result from an introduction of
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165F4A76F4CB6140FEB02C01" box="[151,263,1088,1112]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F4CB6140FEB02C01" box="[151,263,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">R. foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="1FB37609165F4A76F50E6141FE252C0E" box="[338,402,1088,1111]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">Japan</collectingCountry>
or elsewhere, remains uncertain. Herein, we therefore tentatively refer to them as
<taxonomicName id="A0A44D1A165F4A76F1006140FF542C25" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Rhynchospio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="5" pageNumber="584" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="foliosa">
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F1006140FAC22C01" box="[1372,1397,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">R.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="55D0EA8B165F4A76F4CB6165FF542C25" box="[151,227,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="584">foliosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>