271 lines
32 KiB
XML
271 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="F6490B834ADA51CB06A68E874B472651" ID-CLB-Dataset="29345" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4446.2.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b73cb86b-9a7b-41c9-aedd-f6c3ad5ab7a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1444163" ID-ZooBank="31733F69-86BA-4093-B1CC-0AB37B94A405" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1538626131454" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schoeninger, Karine, Silva, Thiago S. R., Kawada, Ricardo & Torrens, Javier" docDate="2018" docId="03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4446.2.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4446 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Colocharis hungi Torrens 2012" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="268" masterDocId="FFF6FF99636DFFC1FFE9FFA71A72FFA5" masterDocTitle="Description of the female of Colocharis hungi Torréns (Hymenoptera, Eucharitidae) and identification key for the species of Colocharis" masterLastPageNumber="272" masterPageNumber="265" pageNumber="267" updateTime="1698562423623" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D5E535EA0FD094C3EED55B112A6667A5">Description of the female of Colocharis hungi Torréns (Hymenoptera, Eucharitidae) and identification key for the species of Colocharis</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C7D531871E6065018885C8E9878C5D5C">Schoeninger, Karine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DDF36D4F0CAAA81CCA59CF23B2794757">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="07E718B176979B8E613B5DE6F47BE0A0">Silva, Thiago S. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4DD89F24E459E67174DFDAEF7BD29EFA">Kawada, Ricardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="7B9BC53841A96435A3EC7F1AF8148644" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2CB42D99F529A188B44AEDEDB9F36D0D">Torrens, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1378FCAFF9037E6B8D80989C13CF11FF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="71D3529EE735767382C2A70D8BEE6377">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="354A40F59346BF4A113011B8034A272F">2018-07-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="82A3C870AF95B21864DC73683E4366AB">4446</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5967009" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148456424" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5967009" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">
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<subSubSection id="C37C657C636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1B6CF801" pageId="2" pageNumber="267" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1864F826" blockId="2.[151,534,1897,1957]" box="[151,534,1897,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">
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<heading id="D091819B636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1864F826" bold="true" box="[151,534,1897,1923]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="267" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D74636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1864F826" authority="Torrens 2012" authorityName="Torrens" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,534,1897,1923]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Colocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hungi">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1864F826" bold="true" box="[151,534,1897,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636FFFC3FF7EF8CE1B18F826" bold="true" box="[151,362,1897,1923]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">Colocharis hungi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636FFFC3FE98F8CE1864F826" box="[369,534,1897,1923]" pageId="2" pageNumber="267" refId="ref4264" refString="Torrens, J. (2012) Primer registro de Colocharis (Chalcidoidea: Eucharitidae) en la Argentina y descripcion de una nueva especie. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 71 (3 - 4), 215 - 218." type="journal article">Torréns 2012</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636FFFC3FF7EF82B1B6CF801" blockId="2.[151,534,1897,1957]" box="[151,286,1932,1957]" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">
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(
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636FFFC3FF76F82B1B64F801" box="[159,278,1932,1957]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[229,1354,195,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[229,1357,193,1949]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Specimen measurements. A, frontal view of head; B, antenna, female; C, mesosoma in dorsal view; D, head to petiole in lateral view; E, fore wing." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444165/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">Fig. 1A‒E</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C657C636FFFC2FF7EF8731FEFFF5D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="2" pageNumber="267" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636FFFC2FF7EF8731FEFFF5D" blockId="2.[151,1436,2004,2033]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636FFFC3FF7EF8731B63F848" bold="true" box="[151,273,2004,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="267">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The female is distinguished by a short FL2, 2.7× as long as greatest width and 1.3× as long as following flagellar segment (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FE85FF301BB7FF15" box="[364,453,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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); propodeal disc with weak, broadly areolate sculpture and petiole with rough surface (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FF76FF1B1A85FF71" box="[159,247,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
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) and two weak longitudinal carinae and a weak basal carina. The male has a shorter flagellum than
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D74636EFFC2FA6BFF1B1A8BFF5D" authorityName="Heraty" authorityYear="2002" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Colocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="napoana">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FA6BFF1B1A8BFF5D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">C. napoana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(1.3× height of head), a long fore wing (2.4× as long as broad), and the propodeal disc is sharply areolate.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C657C636EFFC2FF2EFEA318F1FC68" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFEA31E93FEE5" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFEA31B2BFEB8" bold="true" box="[199,345,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FE88FEA31BCEFEB9" box="[353,444,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Female.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4C9E9B12636EFFC2FDF5FEA318D7FEB9" box="[540,677,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" unit="mm" value="2.0999999999999996" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.9">
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1.9
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FDD6FEA3183FFEB8" bold="true" box="[575,589,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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2.3 mm
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</quantity>
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(
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FD5CFEA3197CFEB9" box="[693,782,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
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). Head, mesosoma, and petiole black; gaster dark brown; antennal flagellum, pedicel, scape, and legs white; wings hyaline; fore wing venation light brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFEEB1885FDBB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFEEB1B76FEC1" box="[199,260,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Head</emphasis>
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. 1.3
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FEDCFEEB1B31FEC0" bold="true" box="[309,323,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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1.4× as broad as high. Face, including genae, smooth and shining, with sparse, fine appressed hairs (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FF76FEC81A8FFE2D" box="[159,253,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
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); vertex slightly rugose. Eyes separated by 1.9‒2.0× their height. Malar space 0.6
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FB5AFEC81EB3FE2D" bold="true" box="[1203,1217,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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0.9‒ height of eye. Scape 3.3
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FEEFFE331B66FE08" bold="true" box="[262,276,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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4.7‒ as long as wide, elongate and smooth, with scattered semierect hairs in dorsal region; flagellum with 6 segments (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FE8AFE101BCFFE75" box="[355,445,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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), length of flagellum 1.3
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FD32FE10189BFE75" bold="true" box="[731,745,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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1.5× height of head, FL2 2.7
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FBC7FE101E4EFE75" bold="true" box="[1070,1084,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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3.3× as long as greatest width, 1.3
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF53FE791ABAFE52" bold="true" box="[186,200,478,503]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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1.7× as long as greatest length of following flagellar segment; FL2 swollen in apical half; clava elongate, about as long as previous two segments combined (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FD7BFDA21898FDBB" box="[658,746,517,542]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFD8D1BF7FC98" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFD8D1B34FDE4" box="[199,326,554,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
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Mesoscutum midlobe with irregular carinae radiating from midpoint to posterior margins, evenly covered with fine appressed hairs; lateral lobes smooth and shining, with sparse setae. Axillae and scutellar disc with parallel longitudinal carinae dorsally, lateral face of axilla with some irregular striae, axillula with oblique carinae; frenal process 2.1
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FE29FD321BBCFD0B" bold="true" box="[448,462,661,686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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3.3× as long as broad. Propodeal disc with weak, broadly areolate sculpture, bordered by propodeal carina (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FE6CFD1E1BACFD77" box="[389,478,697,722]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
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). Metacoxa 2.0
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FD62FD1E18EBFD77" bold="true" box="[651,665,697,722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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2.1× as long as broad, smooth, shining, and bare. Metafemur smooth with semi-appressed setae (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FE27FD7A1858FD53" box="[462,554,733,758]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[181,1402,193,1921]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Specimen from Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados. A‒E, Colocharis hungi (female). A, head and antennae, frontal view; B, head, frontolateral view, and antenna, lateral view; C, propodeum and petiole; D, wings; E, head and mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444167/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
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). Fore wing 2.4
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FD34FD7A1899FD53" bold="true" box="[733,747,733,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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2.5× as long as broad, stigmal vein subquadrate, 1.2
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<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FAD5FD7A1F38FD53" bold="true" box="[1340,1354,733,758]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
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1.4× as long as broad; postmarginal vein indistinct, but apparently a little longer than stigmal vein; entire wing pilose except for basal area.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFCED18F1FC68" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFCED1B31FCC4" box="[199,323,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||
Petiole 4.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FE2AFCEE1BA3FCC7" bold="true" box="[451,465,841,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">‒</emphasis>
|
||
5.1×x as long as broad and 1.5× as long as metacoxa, cylindrical in cross section with rough surface, with two weak longitudinal carinae and weak basal carina. First gastral segment smooth and bare. Hypopygium with one seta on each side of mucro. Ovipositor sheath extending beyond cerci (and metasoma) by much more than one diameter of the cercus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C657C636EFFC2FF2EFC7E1998FC57" box="[199,1002,985,1010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFC7E1998FC57" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" box="[199,1002,985,1010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFC7E1B12FC57" bold="true" box="[199,352,985,1010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717667636EFFC2FE8EFC7E1BA4FC57" box="[359,470,985,1010]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717667636EFFC2FDE4FC7E1823FC57" box="[525,593,985,1010]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FD89FC7D1930FC57" box="[608,834,985,1010]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FC90FC7E19ADFC57" box="[889,991,985,1010]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Roraima</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C657C636EFFC2FF27FC5A1892FBFB" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF27FC5A1892FBFB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0E3CAA636EFFC2FF27FC5A1838FB9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914122842" collectingDate="2016-01-01" collectingDateMax="2016-01-15" collectingDateMin="2016-01-01" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="Malaise Gressit-Gressit & Rafael" country="Brazil" county="Material" location="Serra do Tepequem" municipality="Amajari" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Roraima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF27FC5A1840FBB3" bold="true" box="[206,562,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62B84E7B636EFFC2FF27FC5A1B44FBB3" box="[206,310,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Material</collectingCounty>
|
||
examined.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717667636EFFC2FE54FC5A185EFBB3" box="[445,556,1021,1046]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FDD0FC5918D6FBB0" box="[569,676,1022,1045]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FDD0FC5918ECFBB0" box="[569,670,1022,1045]" country="Brazil" name="Roraima" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Roraima</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BBDAC8D636EFFC2FD42FC5A1978FBB3" box="[683,778,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Amajari</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8EB9602C636EFFC2FCFDFC59199DFBB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF:8EB9602C636EFFC2FCFDFC59199DFBB3" box="[788,1007,1021,1046]" country="Brazil" county="Material" municipality="Amajari" name="Serra do Tepequem" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" stateProvince="Roraima">Serra do Tepequém</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9CE9DF636EFFC2FC13FC5A1EF1FBB3" box="[1018,1155,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" value="2016-01-01" valueMax="2016-01-15" valueMin="2016-01-01">
|
||
<date id="FFD81037636EFFC2FC13FC5A1EF1FBB3" box="[1018,1155,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" value="2016-01-01" valueMax="2016-01-15" valueMin="2016-01-01">1‒15.i.2016</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26935321636EFFC2FB67FC5A1FEAFBB3" box="[1166,1432,1021,1046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Malaise Gressit-Gressit</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26935321636EFFC2FF7EFB861A92FB9F" box="[151,224,1057,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Rafael</collectorName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF05FB851B50FB9C" box="[236,290,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. col.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60FD7E636EFFC2FE99FB861BE1FB9C" box="[368,403,1057,1081]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60FD7E636EFFC2FE3AFB861B8AFB9C" box="[467,504,1057,1081]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE32636EFFC2FDE1FB851838FB9F" box="[520,586,1058,1082]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0E3CAA636EFFC2FDB2FB8518AEFBFB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1914122843" collectingDate="2015-05-26" collectionCode="UFES" collectorName="Calhau & Kawada & Coelho" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.221111" location="Dourados" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.805553" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" specimenCount="17" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="14" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FDB2FB85193BFB9C" box="[603,841,1057,1081]" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FDB2FB85193BFB9C" box="[603,841,1057,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
Mato
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FD48FB85193BFB9C" box="[673,841,1057,1081]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8EB9602C636EFFC2FCB5FB8619BEFB9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87E1636FFFC2FF7EF8CE1965F9DF:8EB9602C636EFFC2FCB5FB8619BEFB9F" box="[860,972,1057,1082]" country="Brazil" latitude="-22.221111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.805553" name="Dourados" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" stateProvince="Mato Grosso do Sul">Dourados</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE525030636EFFC2FC32FB861E16FB9F" box="[987,1124,1057,1082]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" precision="15" value="-22.221111">22°13’16’’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
/
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE525030636EFFC2FB6AFB861F64FB9F" box="[1155,1302,1057,1082]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" precision="15" value="-54.805553">54°48’20’’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9CE9DF636EFFC2FACEFB861FE5FB9F" box="[1319,1431,1057,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" value="2015-05-26">
|
||
<date id="FFD81037636EFFC2FACEFB861FE5FB9F" box="[1319,1431,1057,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" value="2015-05-26">26.v.2015</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26935321636EFFC2FF7EFBE21A9BFBFB" box="[151,233,1093,1118]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Calhau</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26935321636EFFC2FF1DFBE21B22FBFB" box="[244,336,1093,1118]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Kawada</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26935321636EFFC2FE9DFBE21BB7FBFB" box="[372,453,1093,1118]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Coelho</collectorName>
|
||
col.,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60FD7E636EFFC2FDEAFBE11854FBFB" box="[515,550,1094,1118]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D60FD7E636EFFC2FDB5FBE118FCFBFB" box="[604,654,1094,1118]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="male">14♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED77AE32636EFFC2FD7DFBE118AEFBFB" box="[660,732,1094,1118]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/n6nq-8nqh" name="Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">UFES</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C657C636EFFC2FF2EFBCE1965F9DF" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFBCE1825FA07" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FF2EFBCE1B49FB27" bold="true" box="[199,315,1129,1154]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D74636EFFC2FEABFBCE1874FB24" box="[322,518,1129,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Colocharis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hungi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FEABFBCE1874FB24" box="[322,518,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Colocharis hungi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is recorded, so far, from two distinct biogeographic provinces,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FB3BFBCD1F6CFB27" box="[1234,1310,1130,1154]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
Forest and Pantepui provinces (
|
||
<figureCitation id="135D2A72636EFFC2FE6DFB2A1BBFFB03" box="[388,461,1165,1190]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1676,1698]" captionTargetBox="[184,1421,761,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,746,1655]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Distribution map with records for species of Colocharis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1444171/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Both provinces are structurally dissimilar, with a transition between savannas and humid forests in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717667636EFFC2FE3FFB16186FFB6F" box="[470,541,1201,1226]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, with characteristic sandstone plateaus, representing the Pantepui province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FF77FB711B3EFB4B" box="[158,332,1238,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3762" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2000) A new regional biogeography of the Amazonian subregion, mainly based on animal taxa. Anales del Instituto de Biologia serie Zoologia, 71 (2), 99 - 123." type="journal article">Morrone 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and humid and seasonal forests representing the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A2F815636EFFC2FC52FB711E75FB4B" box="[955,1031,1238,1262]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Paraná</collectingRegion>
|
||
Forest province (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FB08FB711FE2FB4B" box="[1249,1424,1238,1262]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3803" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2001) The Parana subregion and its provinces. Physis, Secciones A, B y C, 58, 1 - 7." type="journal article">Morrone 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Although both provinces present little similarity in fauna and flora (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FC2EFB5D1E00FAB7" box="[967,1138,1274,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3762" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2000) A new regional biogeography of the Amazonian subregion, mainly based on animal taxa. Anales del Instituto de Biologia serie Zoologia, 71 (2), 99 - 123." type="journal article">Morrone 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FB6AFB5D1ECFFAB7" box="[1155,1213,1274,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3803" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2001) The Parana subregion and its provinces. Physis, Secciones A, B y C, 58, 1 - 7." type="journal article">2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FB26FB5D1F79FAB7" box="[1231,1291,1274,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3834" refString="Morrone, J. J. (2014). Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa, 3782 (1), 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3782.1.1" type="journal article">2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), we cannot properly infer if historical events and regional characteristics shape eucharitid distribution, since their presence in a specific location could be constrained by other factors, such as host availability and preference for oviposition sites. As long as our knowledge on the biology of this group remains scant we will not fully comprehend the processes that explain their distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFA0A1E72FA4F" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B06636EFFC2FE8CFA091875FA63" box="[357,519,1454,1478]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" refId="ref3573" refString="Heraty, J. M. (2002) A Revision of the Genera of Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) of the World. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 68, 1 - 368." type="journal article">Heraty (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, there are specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAE5636EFFC2FCF6FA0A19DBFA60" box="[799,937,1453,1477]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Cholocharis</emphasis>
|
||
collected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717667636EFFC2FBD6FA091E07FA60" box="[1087,1141,1454,1477]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but not for the described species, indicating that the diversity of this genus remains largely unexplored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936F7636EFFC2FF2EFA521965F9DF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="268">
|
||
Undersampling can inhibit our ability to understand the species distribution in many genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D74636EFFC2FAE1FA521FEBF9AB" box="[1288,1433,1525,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eucharitidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Sadly, we do not have standard procedures to enhance eucharitid sampling in poorly studied areas. We still do not have enough phylogenetic and taxonomic support to accurately establish causal relations between biogeographic events and current distribution in most eucharitid genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |