treatments-xml/data/09/3D/87/093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E.xml

<document id="F13C06E6A8A6A84F1021FE964EC808F5" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2015.1009505" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-PMC="PMC4724948" ID-PubMed="26819570" ID-ZooBank="C7F0C071-F2AD-4684-B277-037B6F91BF0E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1711483286025" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Klompmaker, A., Hy ̆ z, Matu ̆ s, , Roger W. Port &amp; Kowalew, nd Michał" docDate="2016" docId="093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.14.2.99-126.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 14 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2015.1009505" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571.1:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Glypturus panamacanalensis Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="F504FFA1A45FFF9FFFDB3E22FFEF4F00" masterDocTitle="Growth, inter- and intraspecific variation, palaeobiogeography, taphonomy and systematics of the Cenozoic ghost shrimp Glypturus" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="99" pageNumber="110" updateTime="1711483601311" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AD457385B8817017BFB39FB12731E3FE">Growth, inter- and intraspecific variation, palaeobiogeography, taphonomy and systematics of the Cenozoic ghost shrimp Glypturus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0054BA29B1FE9BADC659430CB877B7CE">Klompmaker, A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5EE8E87F7C0EF9579F4BDC5840C3BAC4">Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, 1659 Museum Road, PO Box 117800, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CEC3FC4A02C0B4821E4B232F2D7E2008">Hy ̆ z, Matu ̆ s</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1911516779A3FE610756E4B57EA53379">, Roger W. Port</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="93B19FD6501F98D5A1EE6CEEC1A3983D">Kowalew, nd Michał</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="386439855FA65851721CCAF41D6B43FD">Journal of Systematic Palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="703A4DC5D1C0C012D1727F41B3EAE6DA">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FCF3EE60230D3BE982AD9BB4764B6AF1">14</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C98E6544A453FF93FECC3E9FFD5E4FD4" box="[279,689,189,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FECC3E9FFD5E4FD4" blockId="12.[279,689,189,244]" box="[279,689,189,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<heading id="DA6381A3A453FF93FECC3E9FFD5E4FD4" box="[279,689,189,213]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA453FF93FECC3E9FFDB84FD5" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[279,599,189,213]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FECC3E9FFDB84FD5" bold="true" box="[279,599,189,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Glypturus panamacanalensis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A453FF93FD863E9FFD5E4FD4" box="[605,689,189,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C98E6544A453FF93FE443EFFFDC74FF4" box="[415,552,221,244]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FE443EFFFDC74FF4" blockId="12.[279,689,189,244]" box="[415,552,221,244]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FE733EFFFE154FF4" box="[424,506,221,244]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Figs 12</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FDDF3EFFFDF04FF4" box="[516,543,221,244]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="14.[159,227,741,762]" captionTargetBox="[181,1445,183,709]" captionTargetId="figure-584@14.[181,1446,183,709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 13. Anomalous specimens of Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. A—D, outer side, inner side, upper margin, and lower margin of a specimen exhibiting a swelling in the fixed finger (UF 126570); E—G, upper part of a manus showing concavity on the margin, inner side near margin showing a subcircular indent, and a concave ridge on the outer side near the margin (UF 246071). Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C98E6544A453FF93FF443F1FFF0A4C92" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF443F1FFE584DB3" blockId="12.[159,781,317,691]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF443F1FFEFB4E54" bold="true" box="[159,276,317,340]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Lateral tuberculation on outer propodal side from base of fixed finger diagonally to lower margin and proximal lower corner. Lateral tuberculation on inner propodal side covering large lower part of manus in medium to large specimens with lower margin of tuberculated area diagonally crossing from area of articulation of dactylus toward (but not reaching) proximal lower corner, tuberculation in small specimen more variable but mostly as in larger specimens. Occlusal margin of dactylus with two elongated, strong teeth exhibiting smooth top. Outer side carpus with tubercles near lower margin; inner side with tubercles on lower ~75%.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF443CF9FF0A4C92" blockId="12.[159,782,731,914]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF443CF9FE634DF2" bold="true" box="[159,396,731,754]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Derivation of name.</emphasis>
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Derived from the location where the 
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specimens were found: at beaches near the entrance of the 
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near 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="F983765FA453FF93FD693D39FCE54C32" box="[690,778,795,818]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Panama</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="614FACB5A453FF93FF443D19FF264C52" box="[159,201,827,850]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">The</collectingMunicipality>
name also acknowledges the tremendous efforts in constructing, maintaining, and expanding the 
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF443D99FEE54CD2" bold="true" box="[159,266,955,978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Material.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="5E2F886DA453FF93FEC33D99FE6F4CD2" box="[280,384,955,978]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCode id="D1329EB4A453FF93FE493D99FDFC4CD2" box="[402,531,955,978]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">UF 248033</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FDF03D99FD594CD2" box="[555,694,955,978]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12F 
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H
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)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="31FC3C92A453FF93FD0E3D99FCE24B11" collectionCode="UF" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" specimenCode="UF 126585" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="5E2F886DA453FF93FD0E3D99FF344CF1" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 
<specimenCode id="D1329EB4A453FF93FF323DF8FE8A4CF1" box="[233,357,986,1009]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">UF 126585</specimenCode>
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FEA33DF8FE114CF1" box="[376,510,986,1009]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12A, B</figureCitation>
), 248035 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FDA33DF8FD124CF1" box="[632,765,986,1010]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12C 
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E
</figureCitation>
), 248032 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FEDC3DD8FE664B11" box="[263,393,1018,1041]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12I 
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L
</figureCitation>
), 126719 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FDCB3DD8FD4D4B11" box="[528,674,1018,1041]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12Q, R</figureCitation>
), 246099
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF443A38FDDC4B31" blockId="12.[159,781,955,1934]" box="[159,563,1050,1073]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FF733A38FEC54B31" box="[168,298,1050,1073]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12S 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FED93A38FEF94B31" box="[258,278,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
U
</figureCitation>
) and 246078 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FE1E3A38FDCC4B31" box="[453,547,1050,1073]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12Y</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF613A18FCE24B71" blockId="12.[159,781,955,1934]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Other material (P = propodus; D = dactylus; C = carpus; M = merus; FF = fixed finger): 
<collectionCode id="E785AE0AA453FF93FD523A78FD444B71" box="[649,683,1114,1137]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
246095
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF443A58FCE24B91" blockId="12.[159,781,955,1934]" box="[159,781,1146,1169]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FF733A58FEB94B91" box="[168,342,1146,1169]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12M, N</figureCitation>
), 248030 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FE2A3A58FD7A4B91" box="[497,661,1146,1169]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12O, P</figureCitation>
), 246097
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FF443AB8FE7B488E" blockId="12.[159,781,955,1934]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FF733AB8FEC04BB1" box="[168,303,1178,1201]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12V 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FED33AB8FEF34BB1" box="[264,284,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
X
</figureCitation>
), 131471 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FE7C3AB8FDC64BA6" box="[423,553,1173,1201]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12Z, 
<superScript id="76E19B87A453FF93FDCA3AB8FDC64BA6" attach="left" box="[529,553,1173,1201]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Al</superScript>
</figureCitation>
), 248008 (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FD793AB8FF594BC6" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12 
<superScript id="76E19B87A453FF93FD353AB8FCEA4BA6" attach="left" box="[750,773,1173,1201]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Bl</superScript>
, 
<superScript id="76E19B87A453FF93FF443A98FF594BC6" attach="left" box="[159,182,1205,1233]" fontSize="7" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Cl</superScript>
</figureCitation>
), 124236 (1P1C), 126571 (8D), 126572 (1D), 126573 (2P), 126574 (3P), 126575 (1D), 126576 (1FF), 126577 (2P), 126578 (13P), 126581 (1P), 126582 (2P), 126583 (1C), 126584 (2C), 126594 (5P), 126595 (8P), 126645 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF343B1BFEEC4A50" box="[239,259,1337,1360]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
126646 (23P each), 126647 (16P), 126648 (28P), 126649 (23P), 126650 (24P), 126651 (19P), 126652 (20P), 126653 (13P), 126654 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDBA3B5BFD9A4A90" box="[609,629,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
126655 (4FF each), 126663 (15P), 126664 (13P), 126665 (2FF), 126685 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF343B9BFEEC4AD0" box="[239,259,1465,1488]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
126686 (18P each), 126687 (11P), 126688 (20P), 126689 (21P), 126717 (4P), 126718 (1P), 126739 (3FF), 126740 (1FF), 126741 (12P), 126742 (2P), 230782 (1P), 230816 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FE98383AFEB8492F" box="[323,343,1560,1583]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
230841 (1P each), 246064 (2P), 246065 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF34381AFEEC494F" box="[239,259,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246070 (1P each), 246072 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDF7381AFDAF494F" box="[556,576,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246076 (1P each), 246077 (1FF), 246079 (2P), 246080 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDF4387AFDAC496F" box="[559,579,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246086 (1P each), 246087 (1C), 246088 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FE56385AFE4E498F" box="[397,417,1656,1679]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246090 (1P each), 246091 (2P), 246092 (1P), 246093 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FE5D38BAFE7549AF" box="[390,410,1688,1711]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246094 (1FF each), 246096 (1C), 246098 (1C), 246100 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FEA4389AFE7C49CF" box="[383,403,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
246101 (1C each), 248050 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FD70389AFD5049CF" box="[683,703,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
248053 (1P each), 248936 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FEA338FAFE6349EF" box="[376,396,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
248937 (1P each), 250088 (2P), 251703 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FF3638DAFEEE480F" box="[237,257,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251725 (1P each), 251802 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDF038DAFDD0480F" box="[555,575,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251803 (3P each), 251804 (1P), 251805 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FEA43935FE7C482E" box="[383,403,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251807 (2P each), 251830 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FD703935FD50482E" box="[683,703,1815,1838]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251833 (1P each), 251834 (7P), 251835 (4P), 251836 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDA43915FD7C484E" box="[639,659,1847,1870]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251839 (1P each), 251840 (2P), 251841 (3P), 251842 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FDA33975FD63486E" box="[632,652,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
251843 (1P each) and 251844 (4P).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FC963E9FFB5C4EB4" blockId="12.[845,1467,189,436]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FC963E9FFC364FD4" bold="true" box="[845,985,189,212]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Occurrence.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="31FC3C92A453FF93FC333E9FFB404EB4" country="Panama" county="Canal" location="Holo-Pleistocene" municipality="The" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Panama">
Collected (
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FBBA3E9FFB454FD4" box="[1121,1194,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">ex situ</emphasis>
) on Amador and Farfan beaches (
<typeStatus id="5E2F886DA453FF93FC6C3EFFFC094FF4" box="[951,998,221,244]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">type</typeStatus>
locality) at the entrance of the 
<collectingCountry id="F983765FA453FF93FABD3EFFFA554FF4" box="[1382,1466,221,244]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Panama</collectingCountry>
<collectingCounty id="684A4E43A453FF93FC963EDFFC644E14" box="[845,907,253,276]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Canal</collectingCounty>
near 
<collectingRegion id="4350F82DA453FF93FC113EDFFBB94E14" box="[970,1110,253,276]" country="Panama" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Panama City</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F983765FA453FF93FBB83EDFFB544E14" box="[1123,1211,253,276]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Panama</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingMunicipality id="614FACB5A453FF93FB1C3EDFFB1F4E14" box="[1223,1264,253,276]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">The</collectingMunicipality>
age is 
<location id="844B6014A453FF93FA9B3EDFFC7C4E34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E:844B6014A453FF93FA9B3EDFFC7C4E34" country="Panama" county="Canal" municipality="The" name="Holo-Pleistocene" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" stateProvince="Panama">Holo-Pleistocene</location>
(see Geological setting); the formation is unknown. 
<location id="844B6014A453FF93FC963F1FFC384E54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E:844B6014A453FF93FC963F1FFC384E54" box="[845,983,317,340]" country="Panama" county="Canal" municipality="The" name="Additionally" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" stateProvince="Panama">Additionally</location>
, the species is known from the middle 
<location id="844B6014A453FF93FAA53F1FFB184E74" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E:844B6014A453FF93FAA53F1FFB184E74" country="Panama" county="Canal" municipality="The" name="Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" stateProvince="Panama">Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida</location>
(Belle Glade 01 locality) and the 
<location id="844B6014A453FF93FBD23F5FFA554E94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:093D87D9A453FF91FECC3E9FFBFE4A6E:844B6014A453FF93FBD23F5FFA554E94" box="[1033,1466,381,404]" country="Panama" county="Canal" municipality="The" name="upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" stateProvince="Panama">upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation</location>
of 
<collectingCountry id="F983765FA453FF93FCB23FBFFC4E4EB4" box="[873,929,413,436]" name="Cuba" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(Good Road 01 locality)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C98E6544A453FF93FC963FEEFC534AFF" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="description">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF93FC963FEEFC534AFF" blockId="12.[845,1467,460,1535]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FC963FEEFC374EE3" bold="true" box="[845,984,460,483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Description.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="4350F82DA453FF93FC3D3FEEFBC14EE3" box="[998,1070,460,483]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Manus" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Manus</collectingRegion>
up to ~ 
<quantity id="466C9B2AA453FF93FB493FEEFB0F4EE3" box="[1170,1248,460,483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
long and ~ 
<quantity id="466C9B2AA453FF93FAB73FEEFA554EE3" box="[1388,1466,460,483]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
tall, length/height ratio ~1.0 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FB5F3FCEFB774D03" box="[1156,1176,492,515]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
1.3. Upper margin curving inward distally, proximally keeled, typically bearing three prominent spines pointing distally, proximalmost spine around mid-margin, keel terminating in blunt corner proximally. Lower margin sharp and keeled, lined with a row of setal pits on inner lateral side. Proximal margin convex on outer face, concave on inner; heightwise groove near proximal margin concave on inner side, concave to straight on outer side. Distal margin with protrusion just above fixed finger, hinge point with dactylus expressed as notch. Lateral tuberculation on outer side from base of fixed finger diagonally to lower margin and proximal lower corner. Lateral tuberculation on inner side covering large lower part of manus in medium to large specimens with lower margin of tuberculated area diagonally crossing from area of articulation of dactylus toward (but not reaching) proximal lower corner, tuberculation in small specimens more variable but mostly as in larger specimens. Fixed finger curving inward, triangular, sharply pointed, with distinct blunt tooth on occlusal margin around mid-length, tooth pointing distally. Dactylus stout; occlusal margin with two elongated, strong teeth exhibiting smooth top; tip hooked, curving downward. Carpus trapezoid, slightly taller than long; upper margin keeled and smooth with setal pits on inner part margin; lower margin keeled, shows bases of spines on inner side; distal margin straight to slightly concave; proximal margin concave on inner side, convex on outer side; outer side with tubercles near lower margin only; inner side with tubercles on lower ~75%. Outer side merus with longitudinal keel in centre, tuberculated below keel, spinose and convex lower margin. Other parts of species not preserved.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C98E6544A453FF91FC96383AFBFE4A6E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA453FF91FC96383AFEE04CD0" blockId="12.[845,1467,1560,1934]" lastBlockId="14.[159,782,857,1932]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FC96383AFC54492F" bold="true" box="[845,955,1560,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Remarks.</emphasis>
Intraspecific variation is observed in the strength of the teeth on the dactylus (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FB3E381AFA5C494F" box="[1253,1459,1592,1615]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">
Fig. 12A, B, M 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FA50381AFA70494F" box="[1419,1439,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
R
</figureCitation>
) and the tooth on the fixed finger (compare 
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA453FF93FAE2387AFA74496F" box="[1337,1435,1624,1647]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" captionTargetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-1@13.[244,1382,183,1615]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 12. Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. from: A—Y, Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); Z, Al, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); Bl, Cl, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). A, B, UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; C—E, UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; F—H, UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; I—L, UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; M, N, UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; O, P, UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; Q, R, UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; S—U, UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; V—X, UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; Y, UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; Z, Al, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; Bl, Cl, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C—L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers." pageId="12" pageNumber="110">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
to 12F, I). Furthermore, the number of spines on the upper margin of the propodus is typically three, but some (&lt;10%) specimens exhibit two (
<collectionCode id="E785AE0AA453FF93FB09389AFB1949CF" box="[1234,1270,1720,1743]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
248053) or four spines (
<collectionCode id="E785AE0AA453FF93FC7E38FAFC2649EF" box="[933,969,1752,1775]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="12" pageNumber="110" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
248050 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA453FF93FBFC38FAFBD449EF" box="[1063,1083,1752,1775]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="110">—</emphasis>
248052). Size-related variation is particularly expressed in the tuberculation pattern on the inner side of small specimens as opposed to the more stable coverage in larger specimens, an increasing length/height ratio with size, and an increasing coverage of tubercles on the inner side with size. Although a higher number of major propodi (defined here: length manus ± 
<quantity id="466C9B2AA451FF91FED13D5BFEB54C90" box="[266,346,889,912]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
) are right-handed (193 versus 159 left-handed), this is not statistically significant (
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD483DBAFD434CA3" box="[659,684,915,944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
x 
<superScript id="76E19B87A451FF91FD793DB1FD434CA3" attach="left" box="[674,684,915,931]" fontSize="7" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">2</superScript>
</emphasis>
= 3.28; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF443D9BFF434CD0" box="[159,172,953,976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">p</emphasis>
= 0.07).
</paragraph>
<caption id="D5EB6647A452FF92FF44384DFC704873" pageId="13" pageNumber="111" startId="13.[159,227,1647,1668]" targetBox="[244,1381,183,1615]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA452FF92FF44384DFC704873" blockId="13.[159,1468,1643,1908]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FF44384DFEE84984" bold="true" box="[159,263,1647,1668]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA452FF92FEC9384DFDC54984" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[274,554,1647,1668]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="13" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FEC9384DFDC54984" box="[274,554,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Glypturus panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A452FF92FDF4384DFD944984" box="[559,635,1647,1668]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from: 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FD61384DFD1A4984" bold="true" box="[698,757,1647,1669]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
A 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FD17384DFD314985" bold="true" box="[716,734,1647,1669]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
Y,
</emphasis>
Holo-Pleistocene of Panama (Farfan and Amador beaches); 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FAE1384DFA894984" bold="true" box="[1338,1382,1647,1668]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Z, A</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FABD3849FA84497A" attach="left" box="[1382,1387,1643,1658]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, middle Pleistocene Bermont Formation of Florida (Belle Glade 01); 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FD3E38A8FD1A499F" bold="true" box="[741,757,1674,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">B</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FD2E38A7FD154994" attach="left" box="[757,762,1669,1684]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FCDD38A8FCF8499F" bold="true" box="[774,791,1674,1695]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">C</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FCC338A7FCF24994" attach="left" box="[792,797,1669,1684]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, upper Pleistocene Jaimanitas Formation in Cuba (Good Road 01). 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FA7838A8FF5A49B9" bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">A, B,</emphasis>
UF 126585, paratype: outer and inner sides of left dactylus, propodus, and carpus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FC0E3886FBE049B9" bold="true" box="[981,1039,1700,1722]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
C 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FC3C3886FC1649BA" bold="true" box="[999,1017,1700,1722]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
E,
</emphasis>
UF 248035, paratype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of right propodus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FDD0389DFDAA49D4" bold="true" box="[523,581,1726,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
F 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FDC1389CFDC349D4" bold="true" box="[538,556,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
H,
</emphasis>
UF 248033, holotype: outer side, inner side, and upper margin of left propodus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FAB8389DFA7B49D4" bold="true" box="[1379,1428,1726,1748]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
I 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FAB7389CFA9149D4" bold="true" box="[1388,1406,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
L,
</emphasis>
UF 248032, paratype: outer side, inner side, lower margin, and upper margin of right propodus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FBD738FBFBA949EE" bold="true" box="[1036,1094,1753,1774]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">M, N,</emphasis>
UF 246095: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FEA238D6FE424809" bold="true" box="[377,429,1780,1801]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">O, P,</emphasis>
UF 248030: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FBD238D6FBAF4809" bold="true" box="[1033,1088,1780,1801]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Q, R,</emphasis>
UF 126719, paratype: occlusal surface and outer side of right dactylus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FE01392CFDFE4823" bold="true" box="[474,529,1806,1828]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
S 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FE3C392CFE164824" bold="true" box="[487,505,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
U,
</emphasis>
UF 246099, paratype: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of left carpus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FADE392CFAAF4823" bold="true" box="[1285,1344,1806,1828]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">
V 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FACC392CFAC64824" bold="true" box="[1303,1321,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
X,
</emphasis>
UF 246097: outer side, inner side, and lower margin of right carpus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FD61390BFD3E483E" bold="true" box="[698,721,1833,1854]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Y,</emphasis>
UF 246078, paratype: part of outer side right merus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FB09390BFB11483E" bold="true" box="[1234,1278,1833,1854]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">Z, A</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FB243907FAEB4834" attach="left" box="[1279,1284,1829,1844]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, UF 131471: outer and inner sides of right propodus; 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FE2E3966FDEA4859" bold="true" box="[501,517,1860,1881]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">B</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FDDE391DFDE5484E" attach="left" box="[517,522,1855,1870]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FDC23966FDC54859" bold="true" box="[537,554,1860,1881]" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">C</emphasis>
<superScript id="76E19B87A452FF92FDF1391DFDC0484E" attach="left" box="[554,559,1855,1870]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">l</superScript>
, UF 248008: outer and inner sides of right propodus. Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm. Note that images C 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA452FF92FF22397CFEE44874" box="[249,267,1886,1908]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="111">—</emphasis>
L were taken before specimens received new UF catalogue numbers.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D5EB6647A451FF91FF443CC7FA5C4C2F" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" startId="14.[159,227,741,762]" targetBox="[181,1445,183,709]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="812B36CFA451FF91FF443CC7FA5C4C2F" blockId="14.[159,1467,740,815]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF443CC7FEE84DFA" bold="true" box="[159,263,741,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Figure 13.</emphasis>
Anomalous specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FDD83CC7FCFD4DFA" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[515,786,741,762]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FDD83CC7FCFD4DFA" box="[515,786,741,762]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Glypturus panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FCC33CC7FC8D4DFA" box="[792,866,741,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FCBC3CC7FC4E4DFA" bold="true" box="[871,929,740,762]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
A 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FCAC3CC6FC664DFA" bold="true" box="[887,905,740,762]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">—</emphasis>
D,
</emphasis>
outer side, inner side, upper margin, and lower margin of a specimen exhibiting a swelling in the fixed finger (UF 126570); 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FCD23CDDFCAC4C14" bold="true" box="[777,835,767,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
E 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FCC23CDDFCC44C15" bold="true" box="[793,811,767,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">—</emphasis>
G,
</emphasis>
upper part of a manus showing concavity on the margin, inner side near margin showing a subcircular indent, and a concave ridge on the outer side near the margin (UF 246071). Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA451FF91FF613DFBFD90492D" blockId="14.[159,782,857,1932]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FF613DFBFE154CF0" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[186,506,985,1008]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF613DFBFE154CF0" box="[186,506,985,1008]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Glypturus panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FDDF3DFBFDB34CF0" box="[516,604,985,1008]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD283DFBFED44B0F" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1866" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthochirus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD283DFBFED44B0F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. acanthochirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FE953DDAFE224B0F" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[334,461,1016,1039]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE953DDAFE224B0F" box="[334,461,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FE3B3DDAFDA24B0F" baseAuthorityName="de Saint Laurent" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[480,589,1016,1039]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laurae">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE3B3DDAFDA24B0F" box="[480,589,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. laurae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD843DDAFD0F4B0F" box="[607,736,1016,1039]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD843DDAFD0F4B0F" box="[607,736,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. persicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD283DDAFF1B4B2F" baseAuthorityName="Brocchi" baseAuthorityYear="1883" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="munieri">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD283DDAFF1B4B2F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. munieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FEEC3A3AFE404B2F" baseAuthorityName="Bohm" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[311,431,1048,1071]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pugnax">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FEEC3A3AFE404B2F" box="[311,431,1048,1071]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. pugnax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the tubercles cover a substantially greater area on the outer side of the propodus. Similarly, the inner side of the propodus of 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD283A7AFE864B8F" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD283A7AFE864B8F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FEAC3A5AFE3B4B8F" box="[375,468,1144,1167]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has a greater coverage of tubercles compared to 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FE6B3ABAFD9A4BAF" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1866" box="[432,629,1176,1199]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acanthochirus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE6B3ABAFD9A4BAF" box="[432,629,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. acanthochirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD503ABAFCE24BAF" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[651,781,1176,1199]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD503ABAFCE24BAF" box="[651,781,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FF093A9AFED14BCF" baseAuthorityName="de Saint Laurent" baseAuthorityYear="1984" box="[210,318,1208,1231]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laurae">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF093A9AFED14BCF" box="[210,318,1208,1231]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. laurae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Conversely, tubercular coverage on the inner side of 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FEE33AFAFE744BEF" baseAuthorityName="Noetling" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[312,411,1240,1263]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraasi">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FEE33AFAFE744BEF" box="[312,411,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. fraasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is greater than in 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FDB43AFAFF174A0F" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FDB43AFAFF174A0F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FED83ADAFEB34A0F" box="[259,348,1272,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The tubercles on the outer side of 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD283ADAFF0D4A2E" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1935" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berryi">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD283ADAFF0D4A2E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. berryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reach above the lower proximal corner, which is not the case in 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FE8C3B15FDA84A4E" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[343,583,1335,1358]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE8C3B15FDA84A4E" box="[343,583,1335,1358]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FD8F3B15FD414A4E" box="[596,686,1335,1358]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FD613B15FEC44A6E" baseAuthorityName="Lőrenthey" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD613B15FEC44A6E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Glypturus spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears much stronger spines on the upper margin compared to the new species, although spines may be variable (see Hy̆zńy &amp; Muller 2012, p. 982). Tubercular patterns are more difficult to use to distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FF333BF5FEBF4AEE" baseAuthorityName="Rathbun" baseAuthorityYear="1919" box="[232,336,1495,1518]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toulai">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF333BF5FEBF4AEE" box="[232,336,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. toulai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FE493BF5FE184AEE" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[402,503,1495,1518]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sikesi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE493BF5FE184AEE" box="[402,503,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. sikesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FDDE3BF5FD8E4AEE" box="[517,609,1495,1518]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the new species, but sufficient differences were found to erect 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FF443834FE62492D" authority="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew, 2016" authorityName="Klompmaker &amp; Hy̆z &amp;  &amp; Kowalew" authorityYear="2016" box="[159,397,1558,1581]" class="Malacostraca" family="Callichiridae" genus="Glypturus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="panamacanalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FF443834FE62492D" box="[159,397,1558,1581]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">G. panamacanalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A8D357A6A451FF91FE4C3834FE00492D" box="[407,495,1558,1581]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see above).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA451FF91FF613814FA544C90" blockId="14.[159,782,857,1932]" lastBlockId="14.[845,1467,857,1390]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
<specimenCount id="9792FD46A451FF91FF613814FEBA494D" box="[186,341,1590,1613]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="E785AE0AA451FF91FEBD3814FE66494D" box="[358,393,1590,1613]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
126570) exhibits a swelling in the fixed finger (
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA451FF91FEF53874FE58496D" box="[302,439,1622,1645]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="14.[159,227,741,762]" captionTargetBox="[181,1445,183,709]" captionTargetId="figure-584@14.[181,1446,183,709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 13. Anomalous specimens of Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. A—D, outer side, inner side, upper margin, and lower margin of a specimen exhibiting a swelling in the fixed finger (UF 126570); E—G, upper part of a manus showing concavity on the margin, inner side near margin showing a subcircular indent, and a concave ridge on the outer side near the margin (UF 246071). Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
Fig. 13A 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FE543874FE4C496D" box="[399,419,1622,1645]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">—</emphasis>
D
</figureCitation>
). Isopod-induced swellings are known to occur in the branchial region of the carapace of decapod crustaceans including shrimp (Frantescu 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FD5638B4FCEA49AD" bold="true" box="[653,773,1686,1710]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">¸2014</emphasis>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FF443894FE5649CD" author="Klompmaker, A. A. &amp; Artal, P. &amp; Van Bakel, B. W. M. &amp; Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Jagt, J. W. M." box="[159,441,1718,1741]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="92551" refId="ref21740" refString="Klompmaker, A. A., Artal, P., Van Bakel, B. W. M., Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Jagt, J. W. M. 2014. Parasites in the fossil record: A Cretaceous fauna with isopod-infested decapod crustaceans, infestation patterns through time, and a new ichnotaxon. PLOS ONE, 9 (3), e 92551. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0092551" type="journal article" year="2014">
Klompmaker 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FEE13894FE9849CD" box="[314,375,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
2014
</bibRefCitation>
), but not in the fixed finger. These ichnofossils were named 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FDE938F4FE53480D" authority="Klompmaker et al., 2014" authorityName="Klompmaker" authorityYear="2014" class="Malacostraca" genus="Kanthyloma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isopoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crusta">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FDE938F4FCE349ED" box="[562,780,1750,1773]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Kanthyloma crusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FF4438D4FE53480D" author="Klompmaker, A. A. &amp; Artal, P. &amp; Van Bakel, B. W. M. &amp; Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Jagt, J. W. M." box="[159,444,1782,1805]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="92551" refId="ref21740" refString="Klompmaker, A. A., Artal, P., Van Bakel, B. W. M., Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Jagt, J. W. M. 2014. Parasites in the fossil record: A Cretaceous fauna with isopod-infested decapod crustaceans, infestation patterns through time, and a new ichnotaxon. PLOS ONE, 9 (3), e 92551. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0092551" type="journal article" year="2014">
Klompmaker 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FEE238D4FE9B480D" box="[313,372,1782,1805]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
, 2014
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The origin of this particular swelling is unclear, but it may represent an example of a bacterial infection (Christopher Boyko, pers. comm. 
<date id="F52A100FA451FF91FD293917FEAD486C" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" value="2013-02-11">11 February 2013</date>
). Another specimen (
<collectionCode id="E785AE0AA451FF91FDF23977FDA3486C" box="[553,588,1877,1900]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
246071) shows a concavity on the upper margin of the propodus accompanied by a subcircular indent on the inner side of the margin and a concave ridge on the outer side
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="812B36CFA451FF91FC963DBBFBFE4A6E" blockId="14.[845,1467,857,1390]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
(
<figureCitation id="19AF2A4AA451FF91FC8D3DBBFC364CB0" box="[854,985,921,944]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="14.[159,227,741,762]" captionTargetBox="[181,1445,183,709]" captionTargetId="figure-584@14.[181,1446,183,709]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 13. Anomalous specimens of Glypturus panamacanalensis sp. nov. A—D, outer side, inner side, upper margin, and lower margin of a specimen exhibiting a swelling in the fixed finger (UF 126570); E—G, upper part of a manus showing concavity on the margin, inner side near margin showing a subcircular indent, and a concave ridge on the outer side near the margin (UF 246071). Scale bar widths: 10.0 mm." pageId="14" pageNumber="112">
Fig. 13E 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FC693DBBFC294CB0" box="[946,966,921,944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">—</emphasis>
G
</figureCitation>
). The keel on the upper margin is somewhat offset. There are no signs of a fracture. It is speculated here that this could be a failed predation attempt or an attack by a conspecific individual (antagonistic behaviour), perhaps directly after the moulting phase when the cuticle was not fully hardened, which may explain why no fracture is observed. Antagonistic behaviour is known from modern ghost shrimps (e.g. 
<taxonomicName id="46944D4CA451FF91FB683A5AFBE64BAF" authority="Manning &amp; Tamaki, 1998" authorityName="Manning &amp; Tamaki" authorityYear="1998" class="Malacostraca" family="Callianassidae" genus="Nihonotrypaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FB683A5AFABC4B8F" box="[1203,1363,1144,1167]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">Nihonotrypaea</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FA813A5AFBE64BAF" author="Manning, R. B. &amp; Tamaki, A." pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="889 - 892" refId="ref22174" refString="Manning, R. B. &amp; Tamaki, A. 1998. A new genus of ghost shrimp from Japan (Crustacea: Decapoda: Callianassidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 111, 889 - 892." type="journal article" year="1998">Manning &amp; Tamaki, 1998</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), whereby the major cheliped is protruded and used to grapple with the chelipeds of another individual (
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FC0A3AFAFB294BEF" author="Shimoda, K. &amp; Wardiatno, Y. &amp; Kubo, K. &amp; Tamaki, A." box="[977,1222,1240,1263]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="543 - 557" refId="ref23435" refString="Shimoda, K., Wardiatno, Y., Kubo, K. &amp; Tamaki, A. 2005. Intraspecific behaviors and major cheliped sexual dimorphism in three congeneric callianassid shrimp. Marine Biology, 146, 543 - 557." type="journal article" year="2005">
Shimoda 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FB9A3AFAFB954BEF" box="[1089,1146,1240,1263]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
). Predators of fossil decapods are numerous (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FB463ADAFA5B4A0F" author="Klompmaker, A. A. &amp; Karasawa, H. &amp; Portell, R. W. &amp; Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Ando, Y." box="[1181,1460,1272,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="599 - 613" refId="ref21676" refString="Klompmaker, A. A., Karasawa, H., Portell, R. W., Fraaije, R. H. B. &amp; Ando, Y. 2013. An overview of predation evidence found on fossil decapod crustaceans with new examples of drill holes attributed to gastropods and octopods. Palaios, 28, 599 - 613." type="journal article" year="2013">
Klompmaker 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FAED3ADAFA844A0F" box="[1334,1387,1272,1295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">et al</emphasis>
. 2013
</bibRefCitation>
, table 1); those of modern ghost shrimp include fish, crabs, birds and juvenile grey whales (e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FB3E3B15FA8C4A4E" author="Posey, M. H." box="[1253,1379,1335,1358]" pageId="14" pageNumber="112" pagination="143 - 161" refId="ref22716" refString="Posey, M. H. 1986. Predation on a burrowing shrimp: distribution and community consequences. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 103, 143 - 161." type="journal article" year="1986">Posey 1986</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E5054B3EA451FF91FAAE3B15FBEF4A6E" author="Dworschak, P. C. &amp; Felder, D. L. &amp; Tudge, C. C." pageId="14" pageNumber="112" refId="ref20178" refString="Dworschak, P. C., Felder, D. L. &amp; Tudge, C. C. 2012. Chapter 69. Infraorders Axiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 and Gebiidea de Saint Laurent, 1979 (formerly known collectively as Thalassinidea). Pp. 109 - 219 in F. R. Schram, J. C. von Vaupel Klein, J. Forest &amp; M. Charmantier-Daures (eds) Treatise on Zoology - Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Crustacea. Complementary to the volumes translated from the French of the Traite´de Zoologie [founded by P. - P. Grasse´], Volumee 9 Part B. Eucarida: Decapoda: Astacidea p. p. (Enoplometopoidea, Nephropoidea), Glypheidea, Axiidea, Gebiidea, and Anomura. Brill, Leiden." type="book" year="2012">
Dworschak 
<emphasis id="B3E0EADDA451FF91FC4B3B75FC294A6E" box="[912,966,1367,1390]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>