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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1a9539b-2df1-42f0-8151-ecf8e6678bc5" ID-PMC="PMC7994289" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1025-35" ID-Pensoft-UUID="ED8CE7C82F1F5D2EB751F7861A64A53B" ID-PubMed="33814945" ID-ZooBank="1AB94895532E49989D63BDD5DAC8F321" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1025-35" checkinTime="1616152336139" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chen, Ze-Ning, Shi, Sheng-Chao, Vogel, Gernot, Ding, Li &amp; Shi, Jing-Song" docDate="2021" docId="D19369E06EB753E2BC032E318DF6FA96" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1025: 35-71" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1025" docPubDate="2021-03-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305" docTitle="Bungarus wanghaotingi Pope 1928" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="ED8CE7C82F1F5D2EB751F7861A64A53B" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="ED8CE7C82F1F5D2EB751F7861A64A53B" masterDocTitle="Multiple lines of evidence reveal a new species of Krait (Squamata, Elapidae, Bungarus) from Southwestern China and Northern Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="71" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668149936045" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Multiple lines of evidence reveal a new species of Krait (Squamata, Elapidae, Bungarus) from Southwestern China and Northern Myanmar</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Ze-Ning</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-7776</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China &amp; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shi, Sheng-Chao</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-6572</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Vogel, Gernot</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4542-518X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Society for Southeast Asian Herpetology, Im Sand 3, Heidelberg D- 69115, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ding, Li</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2559-5755</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dingli@cib.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Shi, Jing-Song</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9168-1734</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">shijingsong@ivpp.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-03-18</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1025</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>35</mods:start>
<mods:end>71</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1025-35</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1AB94895532E49989D63BDD5DAC8F321</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">ED8CE7C82F1F5D2EB751F7861A64A53B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="180596117" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D19369E06EB753E2BC032E318DF6FA96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D19369E06EB753E2BC032E318DF6FA96" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName LSID="D19369E0-6EB7-53E2-BC03-2E318DF6FA96" authority="Pope, 1928" authorityName="Pope" authorityYear="1928" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Bungarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus wanghaotingi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wanghaotingi">Bungarus wanghaotingi Pope, 1928</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of adults of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B Bungarus multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521372" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">Figs 4E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of juveniles of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B B. multicinctus, female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521373" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 5E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsolateral head view of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus, juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java D B. candidus, juvenile female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult female, CIB 116090 H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521374" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 6E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Body patterns of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult male, NMW 27711: 1 from Bandong, Java D B. candidus, juvenile male, RMNH 11416 from Pelambang, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult male, CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521375" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 7E, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Maxilla morphology of seven members of subfamily Elapidae. Lateral (A) lingual (B), and ventral (C) view of the left maxilla of CIB 116090 (the paratype of B. suzhenae sp. nov.), compared with other members of the subfamily Elapinae D B. wanghaotingi SYNU R 170408, from Yala, Thailand E B. multicinctus, from Guangdong, China F B. fasciatus, from Guangdong, China G Naja atra from Guangdong, China H N. melanoleuca from Kimpese, Congo I Ophiophagus Hannah from Guangxi, China. Scale bars: 5 mm, note that H and I had been scaled down at 1 / 2. Al = alveoli." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521376" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">, 8D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Hemipenial morphology of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. Sulcate view (left), asulcate view (middle), spines (right) A-C B. multicinctus, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China, body length 993 mm D-F B. candidus, RH 06153 from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam, body length 1200 mm G-I B. wanghaotingi, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China, body length 1170 mm J-L B. suzhenae sp. nov., CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China, body length 1140 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521377" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
, 9G-I [English name:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Wang’s">Wang's</normalizedToken>
Krait] [Chinese name:
<normalizedToken originalValue="云南环蛇">云南环蛇</normalizedToken>
]
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pope" authorityYear="1928" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Bungarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus multicinctus subsp. wanghaotingi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="multicinctus" subSpecies="wanghaotingi">Bungarus multicinctus wanghaotingi</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Pope, CH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 4" refId="B42" refString="Pope, CH, 1928. Four new snakes and a new lizard from South China. American Museum novitates 325: 1 - 4" title="Four new snakes and a new lizard from South China." volume="325" year="1928">Pope 1928</bibRefCitation>
: 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pope" authorityYear="1928" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Bungarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus multicinctus subsp. wanghaotingi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="multicinctus" subSpecies="wanghaotingi">Bungarus multicinctus wanghaotingi</taxonomicName>
- Mell 1929;
<bibRefCitation author="Zhao, EM" journalOrPublisher="Anhui Science, Technology Publishing House, Hefei" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" refId="B62" refString="Zhao, EM, Huang, MH, Zong, Y, 1998. Fauna Sinica, Reptilia, Squamata. Serpentes (Vol. 3). Science Press, Beijing, 334-341." title="Fauna Sinica, Reptilia, Squamata. Serpentes (Vol. 3). Science Press, Beijing, 334 - 341." year="1998">Zhao et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Zhao, EM" journalOrPublisher="Anhui Science, Technology Publishing House, Hefei" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" refId="B61" refString="Zhao, EM, 2006. Snakes of China. Anhui Science, Technology Publishing House, Hefei" title="Snakes of China." year="2006">Zhao 2006</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pope" authorityYear="1928" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Bungarus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bungarus wanghaotingi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wanghaotingi">Bungarus wanghaotingi</taxonomicName>
-
<bibRefCitation author="Leviton, AE" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of The California Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" pagination="22 - 27" refId="B33" refString="Leviton, AE, Wogan, GO, Koo, MS, Zug, GR, Lucas, RS, Vindum, JV, 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proceedings of The California Academy of Sciences 54: 22 - 27" title="The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar Illustrated Checklist with Keys." volume="54" year="2003">Leviton et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="35" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3058638305" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectionCode="AMNH" country="China" location="Yuankiang" municipality="Holotype" specimenCode="AMNH 35230" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D19369E06EB753E2BC032E318DF6FA96:837642912EA352B55A04F10016F34B3C" country="China" municipality="Holotype" name="Yuankiang" stateProvince="Yunnan">Yuankiang</location>
,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<typeStatus>
<collectingMunicipality>Holotype</collectingMunicipality>
</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCode collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" type="">AMNH 35230</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
The typical populations of this species possess the following characters based on 16 examined specimens from
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Appendix 1), squamation data and body measurements of ten specimens from
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, DT" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Systematics" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" refId="B60" refString="Yang, DT, Rao, DQ, 2008. Amphibia and Reptilia of Yunnan. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kuming, 343-352. [In Chinese]" title="Amphibia and Reptilia of Yunnan. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kuming, 343 - 352. [In Chinese]" year="2008">Yang and Rao 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and the
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Pope, CH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum novitates" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 4" refId="B42" refString="Pope, CH, 1928. Four new snakes and a new lizard from South China. American Museum novitates 325: 1 - 4" title="Four new snakes and a new lizard from South China." volume="325" year="1928">Pope 1928</bibRefCitation>
): (1) 25.1
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
3.2 (18-33, n = 27) narrow white dorsal body bands, 1.5-2.5 (n = 16) vertebral scales long at midbody (
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
population, n = 7; wider on specimens from
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
) (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of adults of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B Bungarus multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521372" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">4E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of juveniles of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B B. multicinctus, female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521373" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">5E</figureCitation>
); (2) ventral surface immaculate (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of adults of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B Bungarus multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521372" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">4F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of juveniles of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B B. multicinctus, female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521373" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">5F</figureCitation>
); (3) scales on neck and head uniform black in adults, light brown in juveniles (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsolateral head view of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus, juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java D B. candidus, juvenile female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult female, CIB 116090 H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521374" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">6E, F</figureCitation>
); (4) moderately elongate black bands on body (3.5-6.0 vertebral scales long) intruding to ventrals for 0.5 to 1.5 times of length of outer dorsal scales (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Body patterns of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult male, NMW 27711: 1 from Bandong, Java D B. candidus, juvenile male, RMNH 11416 from Pelambang, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult male, CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521375" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">7E, F</figureCitation>
); (5) ventral tail white with one row of small light brown dots in the middle of the subcaudals (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of adults of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B Bungarus multicinctus, adult male, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 9486: 1 from Pelambang, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521372" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">4F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of juveniles of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B B. multicinctus, female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521373" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">5F</figureCitation>
); (6) posterior maxilla teeth four, slightly folding backwards (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Maxilla morphology of seven members of subfamily Elapidae. Lateral (A) lingual (B), and ventral (C) view of the left maxilla of CIB 116090 (the paratype of B. suzhenae sp. nov.), compared with other members of the subfamily Elapinae D B. wanghaotingi SYNU R 170408, from Yala, Thailand E B. multicinctus, from Guangdong, China F B. fasciatus, from Guangdong, China G Naja atra from Guangdong, China H N. melanoleuca from Kimpese, Congo I Ophiophagus Hannah from Guangxi, China. Scale bars: 5 mm, note that H and I had been scaled down at 1 / 2. Al = alveoli." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521376" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">8D</figureCitation>
and Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Teeth count of some members of subfamily Elapidae in this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/032EB8BB548D1B13BA72A418AD9F1ABD" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" tableUuid="032EB8BB548D1B13BA72A418AD9F1ABD">3</tableCitation>
); (7) fangs distinctly curved (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Maxilla morphology of seven members of subfamily Elapidae. Lateral (A) lingual (B), and ventral (C) view of the left maxilla of CIB 116090 (the paratype of B. suzhenae sp. nov.), compared with other members of the subfamily Elapinae D B. wanghaotingi SYNU R 170408, from Yala, Thailand E B. multicinctus, from Guangdong, China F B. fasciatus, from Guangdong, China G Naja atra from Guangdong, China H N. melanoleuca from Kimpese, Congo I Ophiophagus Hannah from Guangxi, China. Scale bars: 5 mm, note that H and I had been scaled down at 1 / 2. Al = alveoli." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521376" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">8D</figureCitation>
); (8) prefrontals suture 1.2-2.5 (n = 10) times the length of internasals suture; (9) VEN = 209-259 (n = 23), NSC = 32-64 (n = 22).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
The hemipenes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Hemipenial morphology of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. Sulcate view (left), asulcate view (middle), spines (right) A-C B. multicinctus, CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China, body length 993 mm D-F B. candidus, RH 06153 from Quang Binh Province, Vietnam, body length 1200 mm G-I B. wanghaotingi, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China, body length 1170 mm J-L B. suzhenae sp. nov., CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China, body length 1140 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521377" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">9G-I</figureCitation>
) are described based on the sequenced adult male specimen
<collectionCode country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vxkr-andy" name="Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, S.C. (Mexico)" type="">CIB</collectionCode>
<collectionCode>MLMY</collectionCode>
20170801 (SVL
<quantity metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" unit="mm" value="1170.0">1170 mm</quantity>
) from Mengla,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
and one subadult male
<collectionCode country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vxkr-andy" name="Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste, S.C. (Mexico)" type="">CIB</collectionCode>
<collectionCode>DL</collectionCode>
2019051401 from,
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; hemipenes reach 9th subcaudal, bilobed near apex, can be divided into three zones similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. multicinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="multicinctus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. multicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the line of demarcation between the calyculate zone and the spinose zone is poorly defined; large spines thick, relatively short, mostly pointy, gradually thinning from the base to the tip; tips of large spines weakly keratinized, degree of keratinization highest at base, not in shape of short bars and not having a distinct boundary with main body of large spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. wanghaotingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="wanghaotingi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. wanghaotingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(typical populations from
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
) differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. multicinctus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="multicinctus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. multicinctus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having (1) fewer white bands on body; (2) ventral colouration of the body (immaculate vs. scattered with dense brown pigments in adults) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of juveniles of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex A, B B. multicinctus, female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C, D B. candidus, female, NMW 27730: 4 from Tasikmalaya, Java E, F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex, CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China. Scale bars: 20 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521373" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">5A, B</figureCitation>
); (3) coloration of the ventral surface of tail (immaculate or with dots vs. broad dark bands or patches); (4) the morphology of large spines on the hemipenes (large spines on hemipenes mostly pointy vs. papilla-like in shape and blunt); (5) the shape of the large spines on the hemipenes (without a distinct boundary with main body of large spines vs. with a distinct boundary); (6) fang shape (less distinctly curved vs. distinctly curved) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Body patterns of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult male, NMW 27711: 1 from Bandong, Java D B. candidus, juvenile male, RMNH 11416 from Pelambang, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult male, CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521375" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">7</figureCitation>
); and (7) posterior maxilla teeth less folding behind (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Body patterns of adults (left) and juveniles (right) of the Bungarus candidus / Bungarus multicinctus / Bungarus wanghaotingi complex and B. suzhenae sp. nov. A B. multicinctus, adult male CIB DL 2019051701 from Lishui, Zhejiang, China B B. multicinctus juvenile female, CIB DL 18090209 from Fujian, China C B. candidus, adult male, NMW 27711: 1 from Bandong, Java D B. candidus, juvenile male, RMNH 11416 from Pelambang, Java E B. wanghaotingi, adult male, CIB MLML 20170801 from Mengla, Yunnan, China F B. wanghaotingi, unknown sex juvenile CIB JCR 36 from Jiangcheng, Yunnan, China G B. suzhenae sp. nov. adult male, CIB 116089 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China H B. suzhenae sp. nov. subadult male, CIB 116088 from Yingjiang, Yunnan, China." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1025.62305.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/521375" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. wanghaotingi" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="wanghaotingi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. wanghaotingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(typical populations from
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
) differs from
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. candidus" pageId="0" pageNumber="35" rank="species" species="candidus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="35">B. candidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having (1) narrower white bands in most specimens; (2) scales on neck and dorsal head uniform black in adults, light brown in juveniles vs. stained white, contrasting with neighbor scales on neck in adults, creamy white in juveniles; (3) ventral tail immaculate or with dots, rather than broad dark bands; (4) large spines on hemipenes relatively short, and weakly keratinized (vs. very elongated, and strongly keratinized).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="35">
Distribution. This species is known from the following localities based on specimens examined and/or DNA sequences data: Southern
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, Southern
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; Southern, Central and Northern
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
; Northern and Central
<collectingCountry name="Laos">Laos</collectingCountry>
; Southern
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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