184 lines
18 KiB
XML
184 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1100-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="961F612BB4C95D0CB9477A906AA6611C" ID-ZooBank="1E126686686642F8B67E3636171D2583" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1100-103" checkinTime="1652704269812" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chamorro, Maria Lourdes & Steiner, Warren" docDate="2022" docId="B02940011F195E66AFDC637E7436EEC8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1100: 103-116" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1100" docPubDate="2022-05-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987" docTitle="Halorhynchus remii Chamorro & Steiner 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6AAFA8DA-C19F-44AF-9E88-1640E1C714AA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="961F612BB4C95D0CB9477A906AA6611C" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="961F612BB4C95D0CB9477A906AA6611C" masterDocTitle="A new species of Halorhynchus from Madagascar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Cossoninae, Onycholipini)" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1652704269812" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A new species of Halorhynchus from Madagascar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Cossoninae, Onycholipini)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chamorro, Maria Lourdes</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-9372</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA c / o Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lourdes.chamorro@ars.usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Steiner, Warren</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Research Collaborator, Smithsonian Institution, Department of Entomology, NHB 187, Washington, DC, 20013, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1100</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>103</mods:start>
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<mods:end>116</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1100-103</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1E126686686642F8B67E3636171D2583</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">961F612BB4C95D0CB9477A906AA6611C</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6AAFA8DA-C19F-44AF-9E88-1640E1C714AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B02940011F195E66AFDC637E7436EEC8" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/6AAFA8DA-C19F-44AF-9E88-1640E1C714AA" authority="Chamorro & Steiner" authorityName="Chamorro & Steiner" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halorhynchus remii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remii" status="sp. nov.">Halorhynchus remii Chamorro & Steiner</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-D Halorhynchus remii, new species, holotype A dorsal view B lateral view C anterior view D detail of antenna, lateral view E-H Halorhynchus caecus, NHMUK 014016642, type E dorsal view F lateral view G labels H detail of antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684358" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figs 1A-D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A-D Leipommata calcarata, NHMUK 014016712, lectotype A dorsal view B lateral view C labels D detail of antenna, lateral view E-H Onycholips bifurcata, NHMUK 014016644, syntype E dorsal view F lateral view G labels H detail of antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684359" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">, 2A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. A Halorhynchus remii, holotype, ventral view B Distribution of Halorhynchus species: circle: Halorhynchus remii; triangle: Halorhynchus caecus and H. geniculatus C distribution of Dryotribus mimeticus and ocean currents; red lines depict warm surface currents, blue are deeper, cold currents (sources Intergovernental Panel on Climate Change via Smithsonian magazine; rendition by Taina Litwak, USDA ARS SEL)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684360" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">, 3B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1993-09-18" collectorName="W. E. Steiner, Steiner, R" country="Madagascar" latitude="-23.15" location="Ifaty" longLatPrecision="1257" longitude="43.616665" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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: USNMENT00896694
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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: Prov.
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<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Toliara">Toliara</collectingRegion>
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;
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B02940011F195E66AFDC637E7436EEC8:4C475A9A6FD86BEC1A4D3CCCE61239EE" country="Madagascar" latitude="-23.15" longLatPrecision="1257" longitude="43.616665" name="Ifaty" stateProvince="Toliara">Ifaty</location>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-23.15">23°09'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="43.616665">43°37'E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="1993-09-18">18 September 1993</collectingDate>
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// under leaf litter beneath spreading plants on dry dunes; coll.
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<collectorName>
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W.E.
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<collectorName>Steiner, R</collectorName>
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</collectorName>
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. Andriamasimanana (USNM).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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The new species strongly resembles the Western Australian species
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halorhynchus caecus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caecus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Halorhynchus caecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but can be distinguished from it by the pronotum being wider 2/3 from the base, the shallower and relatively smaller pronotal punctation, the more acutely pointed apex (uncus) of the foretibiae, the hind tarsi in lateral view with setose, elongate, sclerotized tarsal extensions, and clawlessness.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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Size: 2.0 mm. Reddish-brown, oval, shiny, with elongate stramineous lateral setae on body.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Head</emphasis>
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: short, not basally constricted. Frons convex, foveola reduced. Eyes absent. Rostrum as long as wide (dorsal and lateral view), narrower than frons and head, widening apically, dorsally with weak longitudinal depression at base of rostrum; apex truncate. Scrobes short, reaching base of rostrum, directed ventrad, expanding proximally, shallow. Antennae short, located approximately one-third from base of rostrum; scape short, almost subequal to first funicular segment; funicle 5-segmented, segment 1 equal to 2 and 3 combined, segments 2-5 dorso-ventrally compressed, subequal size and shape; club short, elliptical, as long as segments 2-5 combined, shiny, appearing 1-segmented, apex with clump of medially directed elongate, stout, stramineous setae. Hypostomal tooth pronounced. Proventriculus not dissected.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Prothorax trapezoidal with rounded anterior and posterior angles, widest at basal third, narrowed anteriorly but not compressed or rimmed; punctation sparse, shallow, small. Scutellum absent. Elytra oval; with 9 well-marked striae, interstriae slightly raised, rugous almost serrate, toothed apicad (posterad) and laterad humeri weak. Hind wing not dissected. Forecoxae narrowly separated, distance less than tarsal width, mid-coxae slightly more separate than forecoxae, hind coxae widely separated, distance twice greatest coxal diameter. Mesanepisternal suture distinct, mesanepisternum broadly deltoid, widest anterad, mesepimeral suture distinct, mesepimeron small, deltoid, approximately a quarter the size of mesanepisternum. Metasternum three times wider than long, femoral impression absent; sclerolepidia present; metanepisternum narrow, elongate, almost four times longer than wide; metanepisternal suture becoming obscure posterad; venter sparsely and shallowly punctate, apically.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Legs</emphasis>
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: moderately-sized, femora unarmed; tibiae apically expanded, with strong, curved uncus on outer, anterior (dorsal) margin, foretibia bearing a row of stramineous setae, uncus of mid- and hind tibiae shorter and more blunt, hind tibiae fossorial; tarsi with 4 subequal tarsomeres, linear, fourth tarsomere absent, fifth tarsomere apically acute with 2 distal setae (homology assessment based on the reduction of the fourth tarsomere in most
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<taxonomicName authorityName="T.V.Wollaston" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Curculionoidea">Curculionoidea</taxonomicName>
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, however there are
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<taxonomicName authorityName="T.V.Wollaston" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Curculionoidea">Curculionoidea</taxonomicName>
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that have five visible tarsomeres, a secondary elongation of 4th tarsomere, as in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Dryophthorus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryophthorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Dryophthorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schönherr">Schoenherr</normalizedToken>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="T.V.Wollaston" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Dryophthoridae" genus="Stenommatus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenommatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Stenommatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Wollaston); tarsal claws obsolete, hind tarsi in lateral view with setose, elongate, sclerotized tarsal extensions (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A-D Halorhynchus remii, new species, holotype A dorsal view B lateral view C anterior view D detail of antenna, lateral view E-H Halorhynchus caecus, NHMUK 014016642, type E dorsal view F lateral view G labels H detail of antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1100.75987.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/684358" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">1B</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Abdomen</emphasis>
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: ventrites 1 and 2 without visible suture, apparently fused, ventrites 3-5 as long as 1 and 2 combined. Single specimen not dissected.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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The species is named in honor of the late
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rémy">Remy</normalizedToken>
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Lemagnen, who was devoted to the study of weevils on the island of Reunion. The specific epithet also suggests the Latin word for oar (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">remus</emphasis>
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) given the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="weevil’s">weevil's</normalizedToken>
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sand burrowing and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘rowing’">'rowing'</normalizedToken>
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habit.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halorhynchus geniculatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geniculatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Halorhynchus geniculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was reported from saltbush (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Atriplex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.) from Geraldton, Western Australia (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" author="Lea, AM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="391 - 393" refId="B23" refString="Lea, AM, 1900. Description of two new blind weevils from Western Australia and Tasmania. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 25: 391 - 393, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" title="Description of two new blind weevils from Western Australia and Tasmania." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" volume="25" year="1900">Lea 1900</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Atriplex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spp are suffruticose coastal species that have a woody base but apical parts that die off after flowering.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" author="Lea, AM" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="391 - 393" refId="B23" refString="Lea, AM, 1900. Description of two new blind weevils from Western Australia and Tasmania. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 25: 391 - 393, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" title="Description of two new blind weevils from Western Australia and Tasmania." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.12160" volume="25" year="1900">Lea (1900)</bibRefCitation>
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also indicated he found
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<taxonomicName genus="H." lsidName="H. caecus" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="caecus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">H. caecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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on the beach near the roots of spinifex grasses approximately 4 inches below the surface.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex perrieri" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perrieri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Atriplex perrieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Leandri is the only species of the genus known to occur on Madagascar, on the coastal areas of the southern part of the country (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sukhorukov, AP" journalOrPublisher="Skvortsovia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="75 - 80" refId="B41" refString="Sukhorukov, AP, 2013. A new species from the island of Mauritius (Amaranthaceae). Skvortsovia 1: 75 - 80" title="A new species from the island of Mauritius (Amaranthaceae)." volume="1" year="2013">Sukhorukov 2013</bibRefCitation>
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). Given several assumptions,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chamorro & Steiner" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Halorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halorhynchus remii" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="remii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Halorhynchus remii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be found to be associated with
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Atriplex" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Atriplex perrieri" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perrieri">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Atriplex perrieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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or other coastal adapted plant species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |