198 lines
25 KiB
XML
198 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="863BBD3A6A9AE6087A9555AFD829E166" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="da733677-6530-4a1b-b657-6c8861e011c4" ModsDocAuthor="Wheeler, W. M." ModsDocID="20597" checkinTime="1243372031551" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Wheeler, W. M." docDate="1922" docId="B004156CFC127E2F47CB0A84CAD56ADA" docLanguage="en" docName="20597_3" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 45" docSource="http://plazi.org:8080/dspace/handle/10199/17097" docTitle="Oecophylla longinoda" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="230" masterDocId="A3DBBB852C51D8D8BF05CD746529E30A" masterDocTitle="The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition." masterLastPageNumber="269" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="227" updateTime="1701311254122" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="1B14EE07BAC364FD8EC26EEF066F9C8D">
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<mods:title id="8CD4898C85890ED5C05442EA876665AD">The ants collected by the American Museum Congo Expedition.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="D4D2275949E735D30B4FAC88D91596AC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="201379EA88221AD4C8237D4510DF922F">Wheeler, W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9108D81D4086CA8E47FC486D9575DF41">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="120E493D5BD81AD11DD64A5915D6107A">Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="951690DDD286DFBA96A6DB80B6E8B9D9">
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<mods:date id="1E19C71FA585802CA3DFEAD4EBCDEBD0">1922</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="67968F03F47654E486E54731C3C8E6C0">45</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CBA6EE596BDD90E1A908BD75EACBDE93">39</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="2590C6B9DB2650BDF4B2A857548172E5">269</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="16455DB8C64A640825538097F24EBDDA">http://plazi.org:8080/dspace/handle/10199/17097</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0B0ADAB88163FF69C01E8E3F56A81A1F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="739015E96C3A9F59869BFD22D0654766" type="HNS-Pub">20597</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="B004156CFC127E2F47CB0A84CAD56ADA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6289135" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100134937" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6289135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B004156CFC127E2F47CB0A84CAD56ADA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B004156CFC127E2F47CB0A84CAD56ADA" lastPageNumber="230" pageNumber="227">
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<subSubSection id="B1C583998B7A83D06EBB2E6B5163531C" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="00609C891649B5D54A8F328624208E67" pageNumber="227">
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<taxonomicName id="52959C0A101C562150D407D221A640C6" ID-CoL="48V7T" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="265074E16A81AA74815D512D282E885A" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E06575D81C4C521635D7F4AC930E5654" pageNumber="227">Plate XX, Figures 1 and 2; Text Figures 58 and 59</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B16B1B4684DBA2CE883A8D71ED630FD0" pageNumber="227">Faradje, [[worker]], [[queen]], [[male]]; Malela, [[worker]]; San Antonio, [[worker]] (Lang and Chapin); Katala, [[worker]]; Leopoldville, [[worker]] (J.Bequaert).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BDC202031E90E8B78C41A89CB32572CE" pageNumber="227">
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The following differences between this species and
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<taxonomicName id="764A1B11D52A1C1F4399547CF0DC1401" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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may be noted. In the worker the polymorphism is greater, for not only do the individuals of the same colony show a greater range in size (from 3 to 9 mm.) but the minimae differ more from the mediae and maximae in the shape of the thorax and petiole. The head of the worker
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<taxonomicName id="A278916997FECC64462C4DA22CC807F9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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is distinctly more triangular than that of
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<taxonomicName id="2250CD84E6C0A6D6D20CC1EEE749582D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, being broader behind, with less convex sides; the eyes are distinctly larger, the mandibles shorter, the clypeus more nearly subcarinate behind, its anterior border sometimes feebly and sinuately emarginate in the middle, the pronotum less convex, the petiole decidedly stouter, more thickened behind, with the stigmata much less prominent when the segment is viewed from above and its ventral surface much more convex anteriorly on the ventral side, when viewed in profile. The sculpture, pilosity, and color are very similar in the two species, but in
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<taxonomicName id="51869F2B5EBBB529EF11306C36330E1C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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the integument is more decidedly opaque, the mandibles are somewhat more coarsely striated, always darker, being concolorous with the posterior portion of the head, at least in the large workers and especially in the dark varieties. The transverse furrow on the second and succeeding gastric segments just behind the anterior border is more pronounced in
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<taxonomicName id="C0DCCAA94D88607EFB35430E2012817B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D3DDBDB400FC2FB4B50DE2604511ACBA" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="55EDF11FFEBC7978F4C9F18A2CD25201" lastPageNumber="228" pageNumber="227">
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The female of this species measures 12 to 14 mm. (wings 16 mm.) and is, therefore, distinctly smaller than the corresponding sex of
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<taxonomicName id="A8F1AC1FD40496F49C45FD88CBC3A2D9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, which measures 15 to 17 mm. (wings 18 to 19 mm.). The body of the African species is much more opaque throughout, the wing-veins more heavily bordered with dark brown, and the transverse bands at the bases of the second and following gastric segments are broader, darker, and more sharply marked off from the remainder of the segments. The green portions of the typical
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<taxonomicName id="3E1067B89462F115F4C15F19BBD7ED5C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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female are slightly more olivaceous and less pea-green, and the basal bands of the gaster are more exposed and brownish; the appendages are more brownish.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5A0982140278932C258977FCA29F0B7" pageNumber="228">
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The male
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<taxonomicName id="971A866FA5A93D45033C319ADFB540EE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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is scarcely smaller than that of
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<taxonomicName id="A5CCABD039B08EEFA90BFE9790C8E787" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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, and measures 6 to 6.5 mm., but the head, thorax, and petiole are darker and more blackish; the head is decidedly broader, especially behind, the mandibles, petiole, antennal scapes, and wings are decidedly shorter and the integument is less shining.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="09317AD9DBB7C0C60311272B9F445A83" type="multiple">
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<caption id="033CC01D4174EC11944F9D04206AE7EC">
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<paragraph id="CA44C43271BA1288B3E1904D743085D6" pageNumber="228">
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Fig. 58.
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<taxonomicName id="107FE3A6F26A91A13AF3ACC74E4FE97E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)</taxonomicName>
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, a, body of worker major in profile; b, head of same: c, body of worker minima in profile; d, head of same.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="938B6255A0CF2E4975BBECC79969F895" type="key">
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<paragraph id="1D4198E73E85BA0D6267E764B415B01B" pageNumber="228">The workers of the various subspecies and varieties of the two species may be separated by means of the following key.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA7513A2C93FE2AE73AC523623970145" pageNumber="228">
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1. Petiole very slender, its stigmata seen from above very prominent, its ventral surface nearly straight or very feebly convex in profile (
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<taxonomicName id="900C90667BDF614CA6B5F91804AC740C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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)....2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="394937F9D533A8ABF273AFEC23F3E708" pageNumber="228">
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Petiole stouter and higher, its stigmata seen from above not prominent, its ventral surface strongly convex in profile (
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<taxonomicName id="D9CAA3282817ED5988A0FC8FABC85FD5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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)..................7.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A2900327B4D346E0A3C3C1C22C440D6E" pageNumber="228">2. Body ferruginous or testaceous.........................................3.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E43563D18F3CE981EE9ACE0D421E6A8" pageNumber="228">
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Gaster and sometimes the head pea-green, head more rounded and less truncated behind; size smaller, petiole somewhat shorter (Queensland, New Guinea, Islands Aru and Key).................subspecies
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<taxonomicName id="F99E65C99A894902AC12C36DFFA411BA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:231854" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla virescens (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virescens">virescens (Fabricius)</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AE82C5A50A6B7348ACC5983030B4E369" pageNumber="229">3. Integument opaque or subopaque.......................................4.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7795C96E34D8C40A659D741C077D9BE0" pageNumber="229">Integument more or less distinctly shining..............................5.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DF7F53F09A11EFEBEE0C63515AC71038" pageNumber="229">
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4. Color ferruginous (India, Ceylon, Cochin China, Indonesia).
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<taxonomicName id="2B2549FE689B5AB198C9F4317179EB2B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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(typical).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0913431E87FC9D3E914148ECC16A9991" pageNumber="229">
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Smaller and more testaceous, mesonotum and petiole a little narrower (Java).
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<taxonomicName id="F8FFEB7617D3659D368B1A7BDF8C921B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150768" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina gracilior Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="smaragdina" variety="gracilior">variety gracilior</taxonomicName>
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Forel.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CF79FF0F1A5AB1A06517AB6B160D3616" pageNumber="229">5. Large forms, integument slightly shining (Papua, Philippines, Melanesia). subspecies subnitida Emery. Smaller forms, integument more shining................................6.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CAD2DB6F0F643115C40A477E056EB84D" pageNumber="229">
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6. Body very shining and slender, color testaceous, head rather elongate (Island of Batjan).....................................
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<taxonomicName id="EE36E47E84CDDC8B6B562D21F589B6FA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150769" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina gracillima Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="smaragdina" variety="gracillima">variety gracillima</taxonomicName>
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Emery.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="97FB39CCE15A0DB47781FDB6BB9275CB" pageNumber="229">Less shining and less slender, head shorter (Celebes). variety selebensis Emery.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8824791EEF14A64E602211AB5A06E4FC" pageNumber="229">7. Ferruginous or testaceous throughout...................................8.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CC138B56EA1412AA26114D72BF91E286" pageNumber="229">Brown or black........................................................9.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="447AB8B218BC34C4AE4B544249E9625F" pageNumber="229">
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8. Color ferruginous (West Africa)........................
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<taxonomicName id="BA728153327284EFDE8935AFF1986AD1" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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(typical).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B8D6F72919C1F5135091F31943BE11E4" pageNumber="229">Color paler, more testaceous, petiole shorter, head slightly broader, apical tooth</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9EC09621AEFA6382B12F79ED8ECAE8DB" pageNumber="229">
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of mandibles shorter (Zanzibar)...............
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<taxonomicName id="A04AD7B7C03EAA611FF0EFB8E71F82C7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150765" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda textor Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="longinoda" variety="textor">variety textor</taxonomicName>
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(Santschi). 9. At least the thorax and mandibles black................................10.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA7AFED05C0698A124886D11E8B3032A" pageNumber="229">
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Body rather uniformly brown (Belgian Congo).
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<taxonomicName id="5F63D8F00B1561920EED84545AA1E1B4" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda annectens Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="longinoda" variety="annectens">variety annectens</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="9F7F71BDB6EA5004D729313619AB5011" rank="variety">new variety</taxonomicNameLabel>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5534F5DE4199CA00D1DC0E28EEBAEEC7" pageNumber="229">
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10. Head dull red, gaster often brownish (Belgian Congo)..
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<taxonomicName id="779842291423F215CE78EC903645BE2F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150762" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda rubriceps Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="longinoda" variety="rubriceps">variety rubriceps</taxonomicName>
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(Forel).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="795FDC2228397335742A2CD47DB27880" pageNumber="229">
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Head and gaster black or dark brown (Belgian Congo, Nigeria, Liberia, Cameroon, Spanish Guinea)...................
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<taxonomicName id="990450D7527C442CF27D733E7BB3C1E8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150761" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda fusca Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="longinoda" variety="fusca">variety fusca</taxonomicName>
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(Emery).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="869A92D012C572F05F2259785D8209C2" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="180151A46B3A2DC836A9E62AFB37C7DB" pageNumber="229">
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<taxonomicName id="F55D8FA19008DC6932E0222B10D408C9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141486" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla fusca Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">Oe. fusca</taxonomicName>
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was originally described by Emery as an independent species, but Forel reduced it to subspecific rank on finding the
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<taxonomicName id="8555E61F5F48A2CAEFA0C6DF428A6C5F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150762" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda rubriceps Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="fusca" variety="rubriceps">variety rubriceps</taxonomicName>
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, which shows some color variation in the direction of the typical
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<taxonomicName id="FB9E41E47B96CDF74F4384252FC78D28" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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. The discovery of another variety,
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<taxonomicName id="C9DA0D29015F32AED60500668142F800" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150758" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda annectens Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annectens">annectens</taxonomicName>
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described below, connecting
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<taxonomicName id="E42E06BF205021E1F09043456A0022BE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:150762" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda rubriceps Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubriceps">rubriceps</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="8F0667871D2EBCC6363F651DAB44A0F2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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is additional evidence that
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<taxonomicName id="6B149337C124B586FC106057C07F43B6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141486" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla fusca Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">fusca</taxonomicName>
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cannot be maintained as a species. In my opinion it is merely an extreme melanic variety, for I am unable to detect in it any morphological characters of even subspecific value. All of the varieties of
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<taxonomicName id="B477D1827B89C972CD4B219418281192" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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are equally polymorphic in the worker caste and the smallest individuals all agree with the description of Andre's
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<taxonomicName id="EA24CC80BB1581D59EE233A57E8E437A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:141483" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla brevinodis Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevinodis">brevinodis</taxonomicName>
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, except in color.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="527AD17F438E085BD27EA4641FA3B3DA" pageNumber="229">The ethological observations of Chun1 and Father Kohl2 refer to this species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4340BA48AA32894B7DC3661B8FE45D8E" lastPageNumber="230" pageNumber="229">
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Mr. Lang's photographs reproduced on Pl. XX, figs. 1 and 2, show two of the nests of the typical
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<taxonomicName id="C99A5B9A38D273B0AE537B0C32F441E0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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from Malela, consisting of the leaflets of a bush skillfully folded and united with the white silk spun by the young larvae. He found that the nests of
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<taxonomicName id="F05116D9CBCA1B4514E4B6AAD071A446" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="229" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">longinoda</taxonomicName>
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and its varieties are most often constructed on bushes and are sometimes only a few feet from the ground. Text Fig. 59 shows a nest of this ant placed in a coffee tree at Avakubi. The habits seem to be the same in all essential particulars as those of
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<taxonomicName id="3A3A5D1BE8AD5DA40C6E76321306CFA6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33040" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla smaragdina (Fabricius)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">smaragdina</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="383D465C3F94EFC9F8282968616A424A" type="multiple">
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<footnote id="5F236A3C568B985BDE36A3CAF34F1B4C">
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<paragraph id="C26BDE262D04E3885D1D7A928183113E" pageNumber="229">1 1903, 'Aus den Tiefen des Weltmeeres, II, p. 129.</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<footnote id="E6B5EBBC47B8833D854BD473C541DFD6">
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<paragraph id="15C239F10C985532E84E4ACB9B7549D8" pageNumber="229">2 1906, 'Zur Biologie der spinnenden Ameisen,' Natur und Offenbarung, LII, pp. 166-169.</paragraph>
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</footnote>
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<caption id="69EF5BB648608765766EC37ECEF38043">
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<paragraph id="9DD0DA4C54115F603503A71FFB86D167" pageNumber="230">
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Fig. 59. Nest of
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<taxonomicName id="6C8D3A4DFFF17C956A1F1130C36731F7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33034" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Oecophylla" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="230" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longinoda">Oecophylla longinoda (Latreille)</taxonomicName>
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at Avakubi, October 27. 1909. This nest., 16 cm. long, was placed about four feet from the ground in one of the coffee trees of a deserted plantation. Photograph by H. Lang.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |