173 lines
18 KiB
XML
173 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30d1c76a-41e1-4f66-9fb5-460bf381f752" ID-PMC="PMC5711039" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-700-1" ID-PubMed="29358897" ID-ZBK="EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-700-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 700" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1506009303549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heterick, Brian E., Castalanelli, Mark & Shattuck, Steve O." docDate="2017" docId="96C814E94158A329F34DBC54C08D8958" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 700: 1-420" docOrigin="ZooKeys 700" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" docTitle="Melophorus brevipalpus Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="10E61CC6-FD84-451A-AD03-66F50D51AF8B" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="286" masterDocId="FF93E60CA711CB7BFF95D521FFFDFF9A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="283" updateTime="1668164819442" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Heterick, Brian E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castalanelli, Mark</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shattuck, Steve O.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>700</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>420</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-700-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150814484" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:10E61CC6-FD84-451A-AD03-66F50D51AF8B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96C814E94158A329F34DBC54C08D8958" lastPageId="285" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="282" pageNumber="283">
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<subSubSection pageId="282" pageNumber="283" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/10E61CC6-FD84-451A-AD03-66F50D51AF8B" authority="Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus brevipalpus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="282" pageNumber="283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">Melophorus brevipalpus Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="282" pageNumber="283">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="282" pageNumber="283" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">
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Holotype minor worker (bottom ant) from Emu Camp, Victoria Desert, South Australia, 5 October 1976, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, (6) [ANIC32-066590] (ANIC), Paratypes: major worker on same pin and with same details as holotype (ANIC); minor and major worker from 50 km S of Coober Pedy
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-29.27">29.27S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="134.51">134.51E</geoCoordinate>
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, South Australia, 2 October 1981, D. Davidson/S. Morton, 67a (ANIC); media and minor worker from Observatory Hill, Victoria Desert, South Australia, 7 October 1976, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, (5) (BMNH); 2 media workers from 10 km E of Mt Ive HS, Gawler Ranges, South Australia, 21-22 October 1980, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, 18) (MCZ); 2 major workers and a media worker from 10 km E of Mt Ive HS, Gawler Ranges, South Australia, 21-22 October 1980, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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Greenslade, B Se (SAM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="282" pageNumber="283" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">
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South Australia: 10 km E Mt Ive Homestead, Gawler Ranges (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), 85 km W Mabel Creek (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), 85 km W Mabel Creek (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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), Koonamore, Milang Conservation Park (Greenslade, P.J.
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<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="284" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="282" pageNumber="283" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="282" pageNumber="283">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="284" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="282" pageNumber="283">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus brevipalpus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="282" pageNumber="283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">Melophorus brevipalpus</taxonomicName>
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can be placed in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
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species-group on the basis of characters of the clypeus, propodeum, mandible and palps. The species is also placed in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wheeleri" pageId="282" pageNumber="283" rank="species" species="wheeleri">M. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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species-complex because it agrees with the following apo
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<pageBreakToken pageId="283" pageNumber="284" start="start">morphies</pageBreakToken>
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possessed by the complex: the minor worker often has more than five teeth, the largest major worker has a short, massive, elbowed mandible directed posteriad; in profile, the maxillary palps are short in the major and generally short in minor workers
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<pageBreakToken pageId="284" pageNumber="285" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
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in the minor worker, usually only attaining the neck sclerite at their maximum extent when the head is moderately inclined) and, in full-face view, the anterior margin of the clypeus in the large major worker is usually planar or weakly concave (variable in other subcastes but planar or narrowly protuberant anterior clypeal margins predominate). The reduced palps in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. brevipalpus" pageId="284" pageNumber="285" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">M. brevipalpus</taxonomicName>
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(PF of 4,3; 3,3 and possibly 2,3 [undissected major worker]) only parallel the reduced palps in the unrelated and morphologically very different
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. potteri" pageId="284" pageNumber="285" rank="species" species="potteri">M. potteri</taxonomicName>
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species-group. These palps are extremely short and when they are directed posteriad do not reach the hypostomal border. This feature alone is sufficient to identify the species within the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wheeleri" pageId="284" pageNumber="285" rank="species" species="wheeleri">M. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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complex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="284" pageNumber="285" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="284" pageNumber="285">Minor worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="284" pageNumber="285">
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Head. Head square; posterior margin of head planar or weakly convex; frons shining with superficial shagreenation or microreticulation only; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of side of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical or slightly reniform. In full-face view, frontal carinae concave; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anteromedial clypeal margin straight; clypeal psammophore set at or above midpoint of clypeus; palp formula variably reduced (4,3 or 3,3). Five to six mandibular teeth in minor worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth, but equivalent in length to remaining teeth; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately vertical or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining and microreticulate, microreticulation reduced on humeri; anterior mesosoma in profile broadly convex; erect pronotal setae absent; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, broadly V or U-shaped; propodeum shining and microreticulate; propodeum angulate, propodeal angle blunt; length ratio of propodeal dorsum to its declivity about 1:1; erect propodeal setae always absent; appressed propodeal setulae short, separated by more than own length and inconspicuous; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and shorter (length <0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded; node shining and smooth with vestigial sculpture. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP
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<normalizedToken originalValue="record’">record'</normalizedToken>
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appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of well-spaced short, inconspicuous, appressed setae, erect setae (present in at least some workers) confined to margin of sclerite. General characters. Colour of foreparts orange tan to brown, gaster blackish-brown to black.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="285" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="284" pageNumber="285" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="284" pageNumber="285">Major worker description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="285" lastPageNumber="286" pageId="284" pageNumber="285">
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Head. Head horizontally rectangular, broader than wide; posterior margin of head planar or weakly concave; cuticle of frons shining and smooth except for piliferous pits; frons consisting exclusively or almost exclusively of well-spaced, appressed setae only (small, erect setae, if present, usually confined to ocular triangle or posterior margin of head). Eye small (eye length less than 0.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical. In full-face view, frontal carinae straight, divergent posteriad; frontal lobes curved inward in front of antennal insertion, or curved toward antennal insertion. Anterior clypeal margin broadly emarginate; clypeal psammophore set
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<pageBreakToken pageId="285" pageNumber="286" start="start">at</pageBreakToken>
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or above midpoint of clypeus; palp formula variably reduced (4,3 or 3,3 or even 2,3).Five or six mandibular teeth in major worker; mandibles strongly incurved, apical sector weakly carinate or incompletely carinate; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth, but equivalent in length to remaining teeth; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately aligned vertically or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining with very superficial microreticulation, entire lower mesopleuron distinctly shagreenate; anterior mesosoma in profile broadly convex; erect pronotal setae short, (i.e., shorter than length of eye) and unmodified, or erect pronotal setae absent; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, indicated mainly by an angle and metathoracic spiracles; propodeum shining and microreticulate; propodeum angulate, propodeal angle blunt; length ratio of propodeal dorsum to its declivity between 1:1 and 1:2; erect propodeal setae variable in number, may be absent; appressed propodeal setae short, separated by more than own length and inconspicuous; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and shorter (length less than 0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node tapered with blunt vertex, or tapered with squared-off vertex; node shining and smooth with vestigial microreticulation anteriad. Gaster. Gaster shining, shagreenate ('LP
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<normalizedToken originalValue="record’">record'</normalizedToken>
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appearance); pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of well-spaced, erect and semi-erect setae interspersed with regularly spaced appressed setae. General characters. Colour of foreparts orange tan (head of deeper hue), gaster dark brown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="285" pageNumber="286" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">Measurements.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">Worker (n = 6): CI 112-118; EI 20-29; EL 0.20-0.26; HL 0.61-1.12; HW 0.68-1.31; ML 0.85-1.29; MTL 0.53-0.83; PpH 0.11-0.13; PpL 0.35-0.51; SI 68-92; SL 0.63-0.90.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="285" pageNumber="286" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">
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Because of its very short palps, which have an abbreviated number of segments, and its morphological resemblance to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wheeleri" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" rank="species" species="wheeleri">M. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus brevipalpus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">Melophorus brevipalpus</taxonomicName>
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cannot be mistaken for any other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Melophorus</taxonomicName>
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. While a reduced PF is also found in several other species, including two in the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. potteri" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" rank="species" species="potteri">M. potteri</taxonomicName>
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species-group, these latter taxa have a distinctive habitus.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus brevipalpus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">Melophorus brevipalpus</taxonomicName>
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has thus far only been recorded at a few localities in SA. No specimens were available for sequencing. One specimen was collected in a pitfall trap, but there are no other data. Nonetheless, given its apparent affinities with the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="M. wheeleri" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" rank="species" species="wheeleri">M. wheeleri</taxonomicName>
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complex, we tentatively associate this species with a granivorous lifestyle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="285" pageNumber="286" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">
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Latin brevis (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘short’">'short'</normalizedToken>
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) plus palpus (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="‘stroking’/‘caress’">'stroking'/'caress'</normalizedToken>
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; applied to the palps of an arthropod); noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition to the generic name.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="285" pageNumber="286">
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<paragraph pageId="285" pageNumber="286">
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Figure 76.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus brevipalpus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="285" pageNumber="286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipalpus">Melophorus brevipalpus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: major worker paratype (ANIC32-066590-top ant) frons (a), underside of head showing palps (b); profile (c) and dorsum (d); minor worker holotype (ANIC32-066590-bottom ant) frons (e), profile (f) and dorsum (g); distribution map for the species (h).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |