374 lines
43 KiB
XML
374 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4802475FB8C53FBF0AD1C1C9504D6726">Deep-sea Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from the Danish Galathea II Expedition 1950 - 52, with taxonomic revisions</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="35746AE07CE0574D80F2EEF5B83729C0">Stöhr, Sabine</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EBB5A7BBAC800FE9C680084788E8C806">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Dept. of Zoology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="20EAEB22D3A6791CFB93DF8F74DF6FDA">O’Hara, Timothy D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="74051FD4A8A0D849BCFA6C6D7190B787">Museums Victoria, Sciences, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A300020AF513292CADC1E022F3C29E78">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039A87CC62614F34FF11FE795BE050C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5516136" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212429041" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5516136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87CC62614F34FF11FE795BE050C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039A87CC62614F34FF11FE795BE050C9" lastPageNumber="524" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<subSubSection id="C329655162614F34FF11FE795E8156B3" box="[151,429,428,455]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF11FE795E8156B3" blockId="19.[151,588,428,558]" box="[151,429,428,455]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<heading id="D0C481B662614F34FF11FE795E8156B3" bold="true" box="[151,429,428,455]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF11FE795E8156B3" bold="true" box="[151,429,428,455]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF68FE795E8156B3" ID-CoL="85J7V" authority="Fell, 1962" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[238,429,428,455]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF68FE795E0056B2" bold="true" box="[238,300,428,455]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FEB2FE785E8156B3" author="Fell" box="[308,429,428,455]" firstAuthor="Fell" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell, 1962</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C329655162614F34FF41FE045DB15501" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41FE045D60569C" blockId="19.[151,588,428,558]" box="[199,588,465,489]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2311F462614F34FF41FE045D60569C" box="[199,588,465,489]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9210CB62614F34FF41FE045D64569C" author="Turner, R. L. & Hallan, J. K." box="[199,584,465,489]" page="8" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" year="2011">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF41FE045D64569C" authority="Turner & Hallan, 2011: 7 - 8" authorityName="Turner & Hallan" authorityPageNumber="7 - 8" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,584,465,489]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Triplodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF41FE045E09569C" box="[199,293,465,489]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triplodia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FEADFE045D64569C" author="Turner & Hallan" box="[299,584,465,489]" firstAuthor="Turner" page="7 - 8" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref16843" refString="Turner, R. L. & Hallan, J. K. (2011) Triplodia, replacement name for Triodia A. M. Clark, 1970 (Ophiuroidea: Amphiuridae), non Hubner, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 124, 7 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.2988 / 09 - 32.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Turner & Hallan, 2011: 7–8</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41FE215ED4557E" blockId="19.[151,588,428,558]" box="[199,504,499,524]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2311F462614F34FF41FE215ED4557E" box="[199,504,499,524]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF41FE215ED8557E" authority="A. M. Clark, 1970: 67" authorityName="A. M. Clark" authorityPageNumber="67" authorityYear="1970" box="[199,500,499,524]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF41FE215E3E5579" box="[199,274,500,524]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triodia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FE91FE215ED8557E" box="[279,500,499,524]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A.M. Clark, 1970: 67</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41FDC35D13555B" blockId="19.[151,588,428,558]" box="[199,575,534,558]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2311F462614F34FF41FDC35D13555B" box="[199,575,534,558]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF41FDC35D17555B" authority="Verrill, 1899" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[199,571,534,558]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF41FDC35E6C555B" box="[199,320,534,558]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FEC0FDC35D17555B" box="[326,571,534,558]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Verrill, 1899 [part]: 314</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41FD895DB15501" blockId="19.[199,669,603,628]" box="[199,669,603,628]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2311F462614F34FF41FD895DB15501" box="[199,669,603,628]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF41FD895EEF5501" authority="Verrill, 1899" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[199,451,604,628]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF41FD895E6C5501" box="[199,320,604,628]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
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||
Verrill, 1899
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</taxonomicName>
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||
—
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9210CB62614F34FE58FD895DB55501" author="Paterson, G. L. J." box="[478,665,603,628]" page="92" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" year="1985">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FE58FD895DB55501" author="Paterson" box="[478,665,603,628]" firstAuthor="Paterson" page="92" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref16471" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson 1985: 92</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C329655162614F34FF11FD145D8D54FF" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF11FD145E3C55AE" blockId="19.[151,272,705,731]" box="[151,272,705,731]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF11FD145E3C55AE" bold="true" box="[151,272,705,731]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF11FCD25D8D54FF" blockId="19.[151,1437,775,906]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Series of oral papillae composed of two stout infradental papillae, tip of buccal scale forms small proximal oral papilla, wider than long middle lateral papilla (second adoral shield spine), distalmost papilla (first adoral shield spine) largest, scale-like, no ventral compartment ossicles. Up to eight arm spines. Tentacle scales absent or up to two, sometimes present only on proximal arm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C329655162614F34FF11FC025BE050C9" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF11FC025E255484" blockId="19.[151,265,983,1009]" box="[151,265,983,1009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF11FC025E255484" bold="true" box="[151,265,983,1009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Remarks</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF11FBC95C8852C1" blockId="19.[151,1437,1052,1980]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
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The latest molecular evidence (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FE7DFBC95C0F5342" author="Christodoulou" box="[507,803,1052,1079]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Christodoulou" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="3909 - 3912" refId="ref15309" refString="Christodoulou, M., O'Hara, T. D., Hugall, A. F. & Arbizu, P. M. (2019) Dark Ophiuroid Biodiversity in a Prospective Abyssal Mine Field. Current Biology, 29, 3909 - 3912. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cub. 2019.09.012" type="journal article" year="2019">
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||
Christodoulou
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<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FD20FBC85DCC5343" box="[678,736,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">et al.</emphasis>
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2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
) indicates that species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB46FBC95FE3532C" authority="Verrill, 1899" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB46FBC95A6A5343" box="[1216,1350,1052,1078]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
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||
Verrill, 1899
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
are found within several clades, suggesting polyphyly. The deepsea forms
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB99FBEA5A12532C" authority="(Lyman, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1055,1342,1087,1114]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB99FBEA5B1C532C" box="[1055,1072,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBB9FBEA5BA1532C" box="[1087,1165,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
(Lyman, 1879)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FACDFBEA5E505309" authority="(Koehler, 1908)" baseAuthorityName="Koehler" baseAuthorityYear="1908" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="consors">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FACDFBEA5A70532C" box="[1355,1372,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FAECFB955FEA5309" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">consors</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FF55FBB75E585309" author="Koehler" box="[211,372,1122,1148]" firstAuthor="Koehler" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="529 - 649" refId="ref15788" refString="Koehler, R. (1908) Asteries, Ophiures et Echinides de l'Expedition Antarctique Nationale Ecossaise. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 46, 529 - 649. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 008045680000380 X" type="journal article" year="1908">Koehler, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE36FBB75DEE5309" authority="(Lyman, 1879)" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[432,706,1122,1148]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="daleus">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE36FBB75EED5309" box="[432,449,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE48FBB75D3B5309" box="[462,535,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">daleus</emphasis>
|
||
(Lyman, 1879)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
form a well separated clade, sister to the North Atlantic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FAAAFBB75EF353EA" authority="(O. F. Muller, 1776)" baseAuthorityName="O. F. Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1776" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="filiformis">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FAAAFBB75FD253EB" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura filiformis</emphasis>
|
||
(O.F. Müller, 1776)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FD90FB515C9553EA" authority="(G. O. Sars, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="G. O. Sars" baseAuthorityYear="1871" box="[534,953,1156,1183]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="borealis">
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||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FD90FB515DC453EB" box="[534,744,1156,1182]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura borealis</emphasis>
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||
(G.O. Sars, 1871)
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</taxonomicName>
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. The closest clade to both of these includes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF11FB725ED453B4" authority="Forbes, 1843" authorityName="Forbes" authorityYear="1843" box="[151,504,1191,1217]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="chiajei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF11FB725E7753B4" box="[151,347,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura chiajei</emphasis>
|
||
Forbes, 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5488887862614F34FDABFB7D5D7153B7" box="[557,605,1192,1218]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FD5AFB725C6053B4" box="[732,844,1191,1217]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FD5AFB725C6053B4" box="[732,844,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FBD2FB725BE853B4" box="[1108,1220,1191,1217]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBD2FB725BE853B4" box="[1108,1220,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are placed in other clades, suggesting polyphyly also of this genus. Combining molecular and morphological evidence, we consider the deepsea
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF71FB395E515273" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[247,381,1260,1286]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF71FB395E515273" box="[247,381,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade a separate genus from the other clades.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FC06FB395CD15272" author="Fell" box="[896,1021,1260,1287]" firstAuthor="Fell" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
erected the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB4FFB395A2D5273" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[1225,1281,1260,1286]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB4FFB395A2D5273" box="[1225,1281,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FAA9FB385AB05273" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1327,1436,1260,1287]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FAA9FB385A6C5272" box="[1327,1344,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FAC8FB395AB05273" box="[1358,1436,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and A.M. Clark (1970) agreed with that, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FD01FAC55C15525F" author="Paterson" box="[647,825,1295,1322]" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref16471" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC39FADA5CDB525C" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[959,1015,1295,1321]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC39FADA5CDB525C" box="[959,1015,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a junior synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB63FADA5A47525C" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[1253,1387,1295,1321]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB63FADA5A47525C" box="[1253,1387,1295,1321]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We propose to apply the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE4DFAE75D2F5239" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[459,515,1330,1356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE4DFAE75D2F5239" box="[459,515,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to this deepsea clade with the species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC3DFAE75B0D5239" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[955,1057,1330,1356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="daleus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC3DFAE75CE55239" box="[955,969,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC5EFAE75B0D5239" box="[984,1057,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">daleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FBB7FAE75BB05239" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1073,1180,1330,1356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBB7FAE75B135239" box="[1073,1087,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBC8FAE75BB05239" box="[1102,1180,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB52FAE75A655239" baseAuthorityName="Koehler" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1236,1353,1330,1356]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="consors">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB52FAE75BCE5239" box="[1236,1250,1330,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB74FAE65A655239" box="[1266,1353,1331,1356]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">consors</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Based on their great morphological similarity with the former three species, we transfer also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FBDDFA815FFE52E4" authority="Lyman, 1879" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cernuus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBDDFA815A6D521B" box="[1115,1345,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus cernuus</emphasis>
|
||
Lyman, 1879
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF5BFAA25D1D52E4" authority="(Koehler, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Koehler" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[221,561,1399,1426]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="magnificus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF5BFAA25FC252E4" box="[221,238,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF7AFAA25E5B52E4" box="[252,375,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">magnificus</emphasis>
|
||
(Koehler, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FDBBFAA25C6452E4" authority="Lyman, 1879" authorityName="Lyman" authorityYear="1879" box="[573,840,1399,1426]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="patulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDBBFAA25D6252E4" box="[573,590,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDDDFAA25D8152E4" box="[603,685,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">patulus</emphasis>
|
||
Lyman, 1879
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FCF8FAA25A3852E4" authority="(A. M. Clark, 1970)" baseAuthorityName="A. M. Clark" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[894,1300,1399,1425]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Triplodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="abdita">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FCF8FAA25B1952E4" box="[894,1077,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triplodia abdita</emphasis>
|
||
(A.M. Clark, 1970)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF32FA4F5FC052C1" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[180,236,1434,1460]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF32FA4F5FC052C1" box="[180,236,1434,1460]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although we have no molecular data to support that decision.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41FA695A475003" blockId="19.[151,1437,1052,1980]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FF41FA695E7552A2" author="Fell's" box="[199,345,1468,1495]" firstAuthor="Fell's" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell’s (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE71FA695D0352A3" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[503,559,1468,1494]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE71FA695D0352A3" box="[503,559,1468,1494]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here revised to more accurately describe the conditions found in the type species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FF68FA0A5E74528C" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[238,344,1503,1530]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FF68FA0A5FD0528C" box="[238,252,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE8CFA0A5E74528C" box="[266,344,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and to accommodate other species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FD6FFA0A5C4A528F" author="Fell" box="[745,870,1503,1530]" firstAuthor="Fell" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell (1962)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC58FA0A5B3A528C" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[990,1046,1503,1529]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC58FA0A5B3A528C" box="[990,1046,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having four to five dissimilar or subequal oral papillae (identical to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FDA5F9D75DD65169" authority="Fell, 1962" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[547,762,1538,1564]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Ailsaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDA5F9D75D515169" box="[547,637,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Ailsaria</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FD03F9D75DD65169" author="Fell" box="[645,762,1538,1564]" firstAuthor="Fell" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC83F9D75CA75169" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[773,907,1538,1564]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC83F9D75CA75169" box="[773,907,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC44F9D75B8A5168" authority="Fell, 1962" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[962,1190,1538,1565]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Unioplus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC44F9D75B055169" box="[962,1065,1538,1564]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Unioplus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FBB6F9D75B8A5168" author="Fell" box="[1072,1190,1538,1565]" firstAuthor="Fell" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref15440" refString="Fell, H. B. (1962) A revision of the major genera of amphiurid Ophiuroidea. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, Zoology, 2, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1962">Fell, 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), which is an error, as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5488887862614F34FF47F9F15E0F514B" box="[193,291,1572,1598]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FECFF9F05E9F514B" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[329,435,1572,1599]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FECFF9F05E7B514A" box="[329,343,1573,1599]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FEE3F9F15E9F514B" box="[357,435,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has exactly four papillae (Lyman (1879) pl. XII fig. 329; A.M. Clark (1970) fig. 8a;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FAE9F9F05E0A5117" author="Paterson" firstAuthor="Paterson" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="1 - 162" refId="ref16471" refString="Paterson, G. L. J. (1985) The deep-sea Ophiuroidea of the North Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology Series, 49, 1 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Paterson (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
fig. 36), consisting of the infradental, the tip of the buccal scale, and the two adoral shield spines. No additional papillae have ever been figured or mentioned for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FCB4F9BF5CB751F1" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[818,923,1642,1668]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FCB4F9BF5C6C51F1" box="[818,832,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FCCBF9BF5CB751F1" box="[845,923,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB91F9BF5BAC51F1" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1047,1152,1642,1668]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="verrilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB91F9BF5B0951F1" box="[1047,1061,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBB4F9BF5BAC51F1" box="[1074,1152,1642,1668]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">verrilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks tentacle scales, this character is not considered of generic importance in other ophiuroid genera, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FBADF9595BB751D3" box="[1067,1179,1676,1702]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphiura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FBADF9595BB751D3" box="[1067,1179,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphiura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and we amend the diagnosis of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE88F97A5E6A51BC" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[270,326,1711,1737]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE88F97A5E6A51BC" box="[270,326,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to allow tentacle scales.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FDDEF97A5DBC51BC" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[600,656,1711,1737]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDDEF97A5DBC51BC" box="[600,656,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FCA7F97A5C8B51BC" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[801,935,1711,1737]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FCA7F97A5C8B51BC" box="[801,935,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having larger infradental papillae and low, wide adoral shield spines.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE47F9075D6B5199" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[449,583,1746,1772]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Amphioplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE47F9075D6B5199" box="[449,583,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Amphioplus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has smaller infradentals, papilliform adoral shield spines and one to several additional distal papillae that have been labelled as ventral compartment ossicles by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FBD4F9215A2E507A" author="Hendler" box="[1106,1282,1780,1807]" firstAuthor="Hendler" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="189 - 311" refId="ref15614" refString="Hendler, G. (2018) Armed to the teeth: a new paradigm for the buccal skeleton of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea). Contributions in Science, 526, 189 - 311." type="journal article" year="2018">Hendler (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Morphologically, several of the species included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FDE6F8C25DB45044" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[608,664,1815,1841]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDE6F8C25DB45044" box="[608,664,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are either highly variable or may constitute species complexes. We have observed variable numbers of arm spines, and differences in the presence of tentacle scales in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FB60F8EF5A615021" baseAuthorityName="Lyman" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1254,1357,1850,1876]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="daleus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FB60F8EF5BD85021" box="[1254,1268,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FA87F8EF5A615021" box="[1281,1357,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">daleus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FACBF8EF5A7D5021" box="[1357,1361,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">,</emphasis>
|
||
which may be evidence of a species complex. Several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FCA5F8895C775003" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[803,859,1884,1910]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FCA5F8895C775003" box="[803,859,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
reach sizes of more than
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B3F62614F34FBFCF8895BE55002" box="[1146,1225,1884,1911]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
disc diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36DA62614F34FF41F8AA5BE050C9" blockId="19.[151,1437,1052,1980]" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">
|
||
The monotypic genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE39F8AA5D0B50EC" authorityName="Turner & Hallan" authorityYear="2011" box="[447,551,1919,1945]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Triplodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE39F8AA5D0B50EC" box="[447,551,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triplodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here regarded as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FC24F8AA5CF650EC" authorityName="Fell" authorityYear="1962" box="[930,986,1919,1945]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Silax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Amphilepidida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FC24F8AA5CF650EC" box="[930,986,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Silax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to great morphological similarity. It was originally named
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FE09F8775ECD50C9" authorityName="A. M. Clark" authorityYear="1970" box="[399,481,1954,1980]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FE09F8775ECD50C9" box="[399,481,1954,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, replaced by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D5962614F34FDFFF8775DCD50C9" authorityName="Turner & Hallan" authorityYear="2011" box="[633,737,1954,1980]" class="Ophiuroidea" family="Amphiuridae" genus="Triplodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ophiurida" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAC862614F34FDFFF8775DCD50C9" box="[633,737,1954,1980]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="524">Triplodia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to homonymy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B2B62614F34FC44F8775BED50C9" author="Turner & Hallan" box="[962,1217,1954,1980]" firstAuthor="Turner" pageId="19" pageNumber="524" pagination="7 - 8" refId="ref16843" refString="Turner, R. L. & Hallan, J. K. (2011) Triplodia, replacement name for Triodia A. M. Clark, 1970 (Ophiuroidea: Amphiuridae), non Hubner, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 124, 7 - 8. https: // doi. org / 10.2988 / 09 - 32.1" type="journal article" year="2011">Turner & Hallan 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |