299 lines
35 KiB
XML
299 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="F0338144D56A7D9719F49AFD7643F3E1" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2012.707241" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5201911" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628962993968" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rotheray, Graham E." docDate="2012" docId="03E787DBFFC9052FFDF1C26837DB37ED" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.46.33-34.2075-2102.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 46 (33 - 34)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.707241" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53.5:JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="FCA295E821436EF9307F50C7AC261B53" docStyleName="JNatHist.2008-2012.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Scoliocentra brachypterna" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2083" masterDocId="FFDEFFA3FFCE0525FFD2C70B367E3321" masterDocTitle="Morphology of the puparium and breeding sites of eight species of Heleomyzidae (Diptera)" masterLastPageNumber="2102" masterPageNumber="2075" pageNumber="2081" updateTime="1699056802558" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2BF155BE170963440CFFE9183294FB50">Morphology of the puparium and breeding sites of eight species of Heleomyzidae (Diptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D2C8223F6FAA497FC0AC5E1EC3EA9ABD">Rotheray, Graham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D82BA494DBBC8E41F94E72591E0648F0">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="BA58511CAF1088F20A2AAADADCECAA00">
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<mods:date id="E41CB9644F34F1A09E8C58CA4386E10B">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="99BBB4109148E6635D4AA270ED4BE6E7">2012-08-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0CE0224E5A7AC8F124040E27EB6DADB6" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D28D2FB88C764A21DD3A1A754BECE612">46</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="27F4F67C2FAFA65FA41C94343E3E7227">33 - 34</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="8BE1F94B06A0CBE72540D9B3F8F1DAC0">2075</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="CDB8EA92F1218C77AF1D7F71F0042C46">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2012.707241</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0371A68B38C7CB997CBB6B11174E6A7B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B2720540283FEAC0307EE798EA754FFA" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2012.707241</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="02DA6D007BDA60486DA36836AE58A240" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7EAFB0D9ECAC9092431BDDC8BADCF339" type="Zenodo-Dep">5201911</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E787DBFFC9052FFDF1C26837DB37ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787DBFFC9052FFDF1C26837DB37ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787DBFFC9052FFDF1C26837DB37ED" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2083" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">
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<subSubSection id="C3546546FFC9052DFDF1C26837223637" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2082" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC90522FDF1C268353D365A" blockId="7.[547,835,1379,1403]" box="[547,835,1379,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">
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<heading id="D0B981A1FFC90522FDF1C268353D365A" box="[547,835,1379,1403]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081" reason="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC90522FDF1C268353D365A" ID-CoL="8DVFM" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[547,835,1379,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC90522FDF1C268353D365A" bold="true" box="[547,835,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">Scoliocentra brachypterna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC9052DFF01C2AF37223637" blockId="7.[211,1172,1443,1690]" lastBlockId="8.[143,1104,1182,1302]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2082" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC90522FF01C2AF3736369A" box="[211,328,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">Puparium.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC90522FE79C2A83474369B" box="[427,522,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
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(
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC90522FDCFC2AF3454369A" box="[541,554,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">n</emphasis>
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= 9), length of second abdominal segment
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<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC90522FBE6C2A832F1369B" box="[1076,1167,1443,1467]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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, red-brown in ground colour; dorsal transverse striae slight and little developed; locomotory spicules numerous, mostly uniform in size except some large spicules in posterior rows (
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<figureCitation id="13752A48FFC90522FE5BC109347E353B" box="[393,512,1538,1562]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[211,278,1573,1595]" captionTargetBox="[211,1168,167,1540]" captionTargetId="figure-6@11.[211,1169,166,1540]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. Heleomyzinae, locomotory spicules, across mid-ventral zone of the posterior margin of the second and the anterior half of the third abdominal segment, uppermost vertical line indicates the mid-ventral point, horizontal line indicates approximate segment boundary, (A) Eccoptomera microps, (B) Scoliocentra brachypterna, (C) Heleomyza borealis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201929" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201929/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">Figure 6B</figureCitation>
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); and occurring in short and long bars or rows; anterior spiracles fan-shaped with six respiratory bulbs (
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<figureCitation id="13752A48FFC90522FD26C1293514351B" box="[756,874,1570,1594]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="8.[143,210,1009,1031]" captionTargetBox="[142,1104,170,976]" captionTargetId="figure-4@8.[147,1105,170,976]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 3. Heleomyzidae, anterior spiracles, lateral view, scale bar 0.1 mm, fan shape: (A) Eccoptomera microps, (B) Scoliocentra brachypterna; transverse rosette shape: (C) Heleomyza borealis, (D) Tephrochlamys flavipes, (E) Tephrochlamys tarsalis, (F) Heteromyza rotundicornis; rosette shape: (G) Suillia variegata, (H) Suillia laevifrons, and (I) Suillia ustulata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201921/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
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); projections bearing posterior spiracular plate about as tall as basally wide and in dorsal view, spiracular plates close, separated by less than the width of a spiracular plate; spiracular plate (
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<figureCitation id="13752A48FFC90522FF09C189372F35BB" box="[219,337,1666,1690]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="9.[211,278,982,1004]" captionTargetBox="[210,1172,169,949]" captionTargetId="figure-6@9.[215,1173,169,950]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 4. Heleomyzinae and Heteromyzinae, posterior spiracles, apical view, scale bar 0.1 mm, Heleomyzinae: (A) Eccoptomera microps, (B) Scoliocentra brachypterna, (C) Heleomyza borealis; Heteromyzinae: (D) Tephrochlamys flavipes, (E) Tephrochlamys tarsalis, (F) Heteromyza rotundicornis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201925/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2081">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
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), with smooth rim, not indented or with additional projections; posterior spiracular slits short, about as long as the diameter of the ecdysial scar; head skeleton (
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<figureCitation id="13752A48FFC6052DFF45C3B5375637F7" box="[151,296,1214,1238]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[143,210,972,994]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,176,939]" captionTargetId="figure-4@14.[144,1102,178,939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9. Heleomyzinae, head skeletons, left hand figures, whole structure, lateral view, mandible to the right, right hand figures, dorsal view of intermediate sclerite and mandible in that order, scale bar 0.25 mm, (A, B) Eccoptomera microps, (C, D) Scoliocentra brachypterna, (E, F) Heleomyza borealis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201937/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Figure 9C,D</figureCitation>
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), length
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<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC6052DFE5AC3B537A137F7" box="[392,479,1214,1238]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
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; mandible with a pin-hole window; intermediate sclerite bar-shaped with ventral bridge towards anterior end (
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<figureCitation id="13752A48FFC6052DFD3AC3D5352037D7" box="[744,862,1246,1270]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="14.[143,210,972,994]" captionTargetBox="[145,1102,176,939]" captionTargetId="figure-4@14.[144,1102,178,939]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 9. Heleomyzinae, head skeletons, left hand figures, whole structure, lateral view, mandible to the right, right hand figures, dorsal view of intermediate sclerite and mandible in that order, scale bar 0.25 mm, (A, B) Eccoptomera microps, (C, D) Scoliocentra brachypterna, (E, F) Heleomyza borealis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201937" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201937/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Figure 9C</figureCitation>
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); epipharyngeal plate lightly sclerotized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF316645FFC6052DFF5DC4FA35C7377F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5201921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201921/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" startId="8.[143,210,1009,1031]" targetBox="[142,1104,170,976]" targetPageId="8">
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<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC6052DFF5DC4FA35C7377F" blockId="8.[143,1103,1009,1119]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFF2EC4FA37F03726" box="[252,398,1009,1031]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Heleomyzidae</taxonomicName>
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, anterior spiracles, lateral view, scale bar 0.1 mm, fan shape: (A)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFF5DC30437193705" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[143,359,1039,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Eccoptomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFF5DC30437193705" box="[143,359,1039,1060]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Eccoptomera microps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (B)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFE4DC30534DD3705" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[415,675,1038,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFE4DC30534DD3705" box="[415,675,1038,1060]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Scoliocentra brachypterna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; transverse rosette shape: (C)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFC32C30536A23763" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFC32C30536A23763" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Heleomyza borealis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (D)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFEC7C32737843763" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[277,506,1068,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Tephrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFEC7C32737843763" box="[277,506,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Tephrochlamys flavipes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (E)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFDFDC327356C3763" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[559,786,1068,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Tephrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarsalis">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFDFDC327356C3763" box="[559,786,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Tephrochlamys tarsalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (F)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFC94C32732373763" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[838,1097,1068,1090]" class="Insecta" family="Heteromyzidae" genus="Heteromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundicornis">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFC94C32732373763" box="[838,1097,1068,1090]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Heteromyza rotundicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; rosette shape: (G)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFE9AC3423794377E" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[328,490,1097,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Suillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variegata">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFE9AC3423794377E" box="[328,490,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Suillia variegata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, (H)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFDF2C34234BB377E" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[544,709,1097,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Suillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevifrons">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFDF2C34234BB377E" box="[544,709,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Suillia laevifrons</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and (I)
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFCCFC34235CC377E" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[797,946,1097,1119]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Suillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ustulata">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFCCFC34235CC377E" box="[797,946,1097,1119]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Suillia ustulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C3546546FFC6052FFF5DC24A37DB37ED" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2084" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC6052DFF5DC24A34DB3699" blockId="8.[143,1103,1344,1464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFF5DC24A37173678" box="[143,361,1345,1369]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Four puparia, Berkshire, Temple, ex nest of the kestrel,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFC37C24A36903659" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Falco" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinnunculus">
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<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFC37C24A36903659" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Falco tinnunculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, approximately
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<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC6052DFE70C26B37923659" box="[418,492,1376,1400]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" unit="m" value="10.6">10.6 m</quantity>
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high in a cedar tree,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFD02C26B35413659" box="[720,831,1376,1400]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Cedrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFD02C26B35603659" box="[720,798,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Cedrus</emphasis>
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sp
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</taxonomicName>
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||
, nest consisting of twigs, cedar needles,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFEE6C28B37F036B9" box="[308,398,1408,1432]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFEE6C28B37F036B9" box="[308,398,1408,1432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Quercus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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leaves, sheep wool and vegetable mould, nest collected
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<date id="FFF0100DFFC6052DFBD4C28A36B93699" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" value="1931-05-07">7 May 1931</date>
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, adults emerged
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<date id="FFF0100DFFC6052DFE51C2AB34683699" box="[387,534,1440,1464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" value="1931-06-24">24 June 1931</date>
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, EB Basden.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC6052CFF5DC2E837A43634" blockId="8.[143,1103,1506,1690]" lastBlockId="9.[211,1172,1149,1301]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="2083" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFF5DC2E837BD36DA" box="[143,451,1507,1531]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Additional rearing records.</emphasis>
|
||
Excluding specimens referred to above, Basden reared
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD44FFC6052DFF5DC109374F353B" box="[143,305,1538,1562]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" type="generic">115 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of this species from three nests of two host species:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498AF82FFFC6052DFC56C1093235353B" box="[900,1099,1538,1562]" country="United Kingdom" name="Buckinghamshire" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Buckinghamshire</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Temple,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD44FFC6052DFF23C12937F6351B" box="[241,392,1570,1594]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" type="generic">95 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
ex nest of a Kestral,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFD57C1293536351B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[645,840,1570,1594]" class="Aves" family="Falconidae" genus="Falco" kingdom="Animalia" order="Falconiformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tinnunculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFD57C1293536351B" box="[645,840,1570,1594]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Falco tinnunculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC6052DFC5DC12935A0351B" box="[911,990,1570,1594]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" unit="m" value="10.6">10.6 m</quantity>
|
||
high in a cedar tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFEC3C14937FD357B" box="[273,387,1602,1626]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Cedrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFEC3C1493721357B" box="[273,351,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Cedrus</emphasis>
|
||
sp
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest collected
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC6052DFDE4C14834BD357B" box="[566,707,1602,1627]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" value="1931-05-07">7 May 1931</date>
|
||
, adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC6052DFC5BC1493235357B" box="[905,1099,1602,1626]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" value="1931-06-18" valueMax="1931-06-24" valueMin="1931-06-18">18–24 June 1931</date>
|
||
; same locality,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD44FFC6052DFEE2C169379C355B" box="[304,482,1634,1658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" type="generic">eight specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
from nest of a carrion crow,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFCFCC16935B2355B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[814,972,1634,1658]" class="Aves" family="Corvidae" genus="Corvus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="corone">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFCFCC16935B2355B" box="[814,972,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Corvus corone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC6052DFBC2C1693231355B" box="[1040,1103,1634,1658]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" unit="m" value="9.1">9.1 m</quantity>
|
||
high in a Scots pine tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC6052DFE7FC188342835BB" box="[429,598,1666,1690]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC6052DFE7FC188342835BB" box="[429,598,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082">Pinus sylvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest collected
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC6052DFCD6C18935E735BB" box="[772,921,1666,1690]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2082" value="1931-06-11">11 June 1931</date>
|
||
, adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC7052CFF01C37637B337B4" box="[211,461,1149,1173]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" value="1931-06-22" valueMax="1931-07-09" valueMin="1931-06-22">22 June to 9 July 1931</date>
|
||
; Sussex, Seaford,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD44FFC7052CFD47C376355537B4" box="[661,811,1149,1173]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, nest of a carrion crow
|
||
<quantity id="4CB69B28FFC7052CFBE3C376322537B4" box="[1073,1115,1149,1173]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
|
||
high in a hawthorn bush,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFE6CC39634D93794" box="[446,679,1181,1205]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Crataegus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monogyna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFE6CC39634D93794" box="[446,679,1181,1205]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Crataegus monogyna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest collected
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC7052CFC87C39635A33794" box="[853,989,1181,1205]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" value="1934-06-08">8 June 1934</date>
|
||
, adults emerged
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC7052CFF01C3B637FD37F4" box="[211,387,1213,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" value="1934-07-04" valueMax="1934-07-21" valueMin="1934-07-04">4–21 July 1934</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359765DFFC7052CFE43C3B6378637F4" box="[401,504,1213,1237]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Inverness-shire, Boat of Garten,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D48FD44FFC7052CFC53C3B6326637F4" box="[897,1048,1213,1237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
ex nest of a tawny owl,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFEBEC3D6379637D4" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[364,488,1245,1269]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" genus="Strix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aluco">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFEBEC3D6379637D4" box="[364,488,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Strix aluco</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nest collected
|
||
<date id="FFF0100DFFC7052CFD4BC3D6354E37D4" box="[665,816,1245,1269]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" value="1967-06-27">27 June 1967</date>
|
||
, EC Pelham-Clinton (National Museums of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F359765DFFC7052CFEB4C3F637B03634" box="[358,462,1277,1301]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Scotland</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF316645FFC7052CFF01C4DD37253765" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5201925" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5201925" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5201925/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" startId="9.[211,278,982,1004]" targetBox="[210,1172,169,949]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC7052CFF01C4DD37253765" blockId="9.[211,1172,982,1092]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">
|
||
Figure 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFEE9C4DD37B530CD" box="[315,459,982,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heleomyzinae">Heleomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFE2FC4DD34E630CD" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[509,664,982,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteromyzinae">Heteromyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, posterior spiracles, apical view, scale bar 0.1 mm,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFF01C4FF3718372B" box="[211,358,1012,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heleomyzinae">Heleomyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFE4FC4FE340A372B" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[413,628,1013,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Eccoptomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFE4FC4FE340A372B" box="[413,628,1013,1034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Eccoptomera microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFD7EC4FF35CE372B" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[684,944,1012,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFD7EC4FF35CE372B" box="[684,944,1012,1034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Scoliocentra brachypterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFC3BC4FF368B3706" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFC3BC4FF368B3706" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Heleomyza borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFED7C31A37DC3706" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1820" box="[261,418,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Heteromyzinae">Heteromyzinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (D)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFE0EC31A34BD3706" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[476,707,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Tephrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFE0EC31A34BD3706" box="[476,707,1041,1063]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Tephrochlamys flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (E)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFD2EC31A359F3706" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[764,993,1041,1063]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Tephrochlamys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tarsalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFD2EC31A359F3706" box="[764,993,1041,1063]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Tephrochlamys tarsalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, (F)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFBC8C319372B3765" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1846" class="Insecta" family="Heteromyzidae" genus="Heteromyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFBC8C319372B3765" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Heteromyza rotundicornis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC7052CFF01C25737F33652" blockId="9.[211,397,1372,1395]" box="[211,397,1372,1395]" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFF01C25737F33652" box="[211,397,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Taxonomic notes</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF136CDFFC7052FFF01C28837DB37ED" blockId="9.[211,1172,1411,1690]" lastBlockId="10.[143,1104,1076,1228]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="2084" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">
|
||
The puparia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFE54C28F378336BA" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[390,509,1412,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Eccoptomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFE54C28F378336BA" box="[390,509,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">E. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFDDEC28834BA36BA" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[524,708,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFDDEC28834BA36BA" box="[524,708,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Sc. brachypterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFD2DC28F350436BA" box="[767,890,1411,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFD2DC28F350436BA" box="[767,890,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">H. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are most similar to each other compared with the other puparia described here. They all have bar-shaped intermediate sclerites, posterior spiracular slits that are short, about as long as the diameter of the ecdysial scar and locomotory spicules of fairly uniform size. The puparium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFF01C1083736353B" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[211,328,1539,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Eccoptomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFF01C1083736353B" box="[211,328,1539,1562]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">E. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is readily distinguished from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFD33C10935E6353B" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[737,920,1538,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFD33C10935E6353B" box="[737,920,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Sc. brachypterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFC02C1083237353B" box="[976,1097,1538,1562]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFC02C1083237353B" box="[976,1097,1538,1562]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">H. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the supporting projections of the posterior spiracular plates. The projections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFBCDC12832EA351B" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1055,1172,1571,1594]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Eccoptomera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFBCDC12832EA351B" box="[1055,1172,1571,1594]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">E. microps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are shorter than basally wide and separated apically by more than twice the width of a spiracular plate. Those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFDDFC16934BA355B" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[525,708,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFDDFC16934BA355B" box="[525,708,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Sc. brachypterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFD2FC1683509355B" box="[765,887,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFD2FC1683509355B" box="[765,887,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">H. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are taller, in both species about as high as basal width but the spiracular plates are closer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC7052CFC0BC18932ED35BB" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[985,1171,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Scoliocentra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachypterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC7052CFC0BC18932ED35BB" box="[985,1171,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="2083">Sc. brachypterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(separated by about the diameter of a plate) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC4052FFD3CC33E3514376D" box="[750,874,1076,1100]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="2084" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC4052FFD3CC33E3514376D" box="[750,874,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2084">H. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(separated by twice the diameter of a plate). The puparium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D4EFFC4052FFDB9C35E349B374D" box="[619,741,1108,1132]" class="Insecta" family="Heleomyzidae" genus="Heleomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="2084" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borealis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93AEADFFFC4052FFDB9C35E349B374D" box="[619,741,1108,1132]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="2084">H. borealis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also easily distinguished from the other heleomyzines by the anterior spiracles which are transverse rosette not fanshaped, the presence of spicules on the dorsum of the abdomen and the annulations of the abdominal segments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |