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<mods:title id="F4D1CBC74B92C322A05C8DC6CBC89EC2">Catostemma lanceolatum (Malvaceae / Bombacoideae / Adansonieae), a new species from the Brazilian Amazon</mods:title>
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C.D.M. Ferreira &amp; W.S. Alverson
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872
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!, isotype: 
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Diagnosis:— 
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<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD0421FC0F02C3A47D" box="[263,475,1004,1025]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Catostemmae altsonii</emphasis>
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affinis sed stipularum apicibus cuspidatis (non acuminatis), foliolis lanceolatis (non obovatis vel ellipticis usque oblonga), bracteolis filiformibus 
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(non 2-lobatis cum lobis 1–1.2 × 
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), petalis 2.1–2.5 × 
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(non 1.8–2.2 × 
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) et 420–450 filamentis liberis circiter 
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longas (non 200–280 filamentis liberis 
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longis) differt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA4FFBD05AEFB2202C6A767" blockId="1.[136,1452,1216,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
Trees ca. 
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tall. Young branches glabrous, usually glaucous. Petioles (2.5–) 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA4FFBD0103FB2307B0A4A7" box="[1061,1192,1216,1243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" unit="cm" value="3.9" valueMax="4.3" valueMin="3.5">3.5–4.3 cm</quantity>
long, glabrous, rarely glaucous; stipules ca. 0.5 × 
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, apex cuspidate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface densely to sparsely covered with brown or hyaline, fasciculate trichomes. Seedling leaves not seen. Leaflets of adult trees 11.3–13.6 × 
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, coriaceous, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, margin entire, base rounded, apex obtuse and mucronate, both surfaces glabrous, their tertiary veins alternate percurrent. Inflorescences 3–9-fasciculate, axillary. Floral pedicels 
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long, densely covered with brown, fasciculate trichomes, 3-bracteolate; bracteoles 0.3–0.8 × 
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, filiform, apex acuminate, adaxial surface densely covered with simple, hyaline trichomes on the primary veins, abaxial surface densely covered with brown, fasciculate trichomes; hypanthium ca. 0.3 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA4FFBD0114FA5F079BA5AB" box="[1074,1155,1468,1495]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" unit="cm" value="0.6">0.6 cm</quantity>
, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface densely covered with brown, fasciculate trichomes; calyx tube ca. 0.2 × 
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, adaxial surface glabrous or sparsely covered with simple, hyaline trichomes, its apex 3-lobate, the lobes ca. 1.5 × 
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with acute apices, adaxial surface of the lobes densely covered by simple hyaline trichomes; abaxial surfaces of the hypanthium, calyx tube, and calyx lobes densely covered with brown, fasciculate trichomes; petals 2.1–2.5 × 
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, obovate with rounded apices, white, adaxial surface sparsely covered by simple hyaline trichomes, middle and apical portions of the abaxial surface densely covered with similar trichomes; staminal column 0.2–0.3 × 
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, glabrous, bearing 420–450 free filaments, each ca. 
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long and glabrous; ovary ca. 0.3 × 
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, pyriform, superior, perigynous, 3- locular, 2 ovules per locule, densely covered with brown, fasciculate trichomes; style ca. 
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long, glabrous; stigma trifid, glabrous. Fruit not seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA4FFBD059BF8C701ACA742" blockId="1.[136,1452,1216,1963]" box="[189,692,1828,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD059BF8C70261A742" bold="true" box="[189,377,1828,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Common names</emphasis>
:— 
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD04BBF8C6010EA742" box="[413,534,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">mamorana</emphasis>
(Portuguese).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA4FFBD059BF8AB01B4A71F" blockId="1.[136,1452,1216,1963]" box="[189,684,1864,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD059BF8AB0220A71F" bold="true" box="[189,312,1864,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowers are produced in May.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336919EFFA4FFBD059BF88F028CA7D7" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA4FFBD059BF88F028CA7D7" blockId="1.[136,1452,1216,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD059BF88F0220A7FB" bold="true" box="[189,312,1900,1927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA4FFBD04C5F88F0175A7FA" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[483,621,1900,1926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA4FFBD04C5F88F0175A7FA" box="[483,621,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
refers to the shape of leaflets, which is unique among the species already described for the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336919EFFA7FFBE059BFF7D060EA630" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA7FFBE059BFF7D073DA158" blockId="2.[136,1452,158,293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE059BFF7D02ECA0C4" box="[189,500,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE059BFF7D02CAA0C5" bold="true" box="[189,466,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—
</emphasis>
The species is known only from the region of the Abacate River, a tributary of the Rio Uatum„ (
<figureCitation id="1317DE90FFA7FFBE05D7FF21022BA0A0" box="[241,307,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1301,1323]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,368,1240]" captionTargetId="figure-99@2.[151,1436,361,1247]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Geographical distribution of Catostemma lanceolatum (black square), currently known only from the type locality in the state of Amazonas, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202810/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The species occurs on banks along blackwater rivers subject to flooding (
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE01ADFF2007D3A0A1" box="[1163,1227,195,221]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">igapó</emphasis>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDBFE4FFA7FFBE01C2FF2106B8A0A1" author="Junk, W. &amp; Wittmann, F. &amp; Piedade, M. T. F." box="[1252,1440,194,221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" pagination="677 - 693" refId="ref3003" refString="Junk, W. J, Wittmann, F., Sch ˆ ngart, J. &amp; Piedade, M. T. F. (2015) A classification of the major habitats of Amazonian black-water river floodplains and a comparison with their white-water counterparts. Wetlands Ecology and Management 23: 677 - 693. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11273 - 015 - 9412 - 8" type="journal article" year="2015">
Junk 
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0004FF200643A0A0" box="[1314,1371,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</bibRefCitation>
). The Uatum„ and Abacate rivers have high amplitudes and a monomodal, annual flood pulse. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE01A9FF0406B3A17C" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[1167,1451,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE01A9FF0406B3A17C" box="[1167,1451,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occupies intermediate flood levels, with 
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of annual variation (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDBFE4FFA7FFBE06B2FEE90700A158" author="Costa, A. L. S." box="[916,1048,266,292]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refId="ref2788" refString="Costa, A. L. S. (2021) Variacao da composicao floristica e diversidade de comunidades arboreas ao longo de um gradiente hidroedafico em duas sub-bacias de rios de agua-preta na Amazonia. Master thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Brazil, 41 pp." type="book" year="2021">Costa 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF53929DFFA7FFBE05AEFAF6024CA533" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202810" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202810/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" startId="2.[136,229,1301,1323]" targetBox="[158,1430,368,1240]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA7FFBE05AEFAF6024CA533" blockId="2.[136,1451,1301,1359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE05AEFAF603EFA556" bold="true" box="[136,247,1301,1323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
. Geographical distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0733FAF50011A556" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[533,777,1301,1323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0733FAF50011A556" box="[533,777,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(black square), currently known only from the type locality in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA7FFBE059BFA9D060EA630" blockId="2.[136,1452,1406,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE059BFA9D02BEA5E4" bold="true" box="[189,422,1406,1432]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Conservation status</emphasis>
:—The only known population of the species is protected by a conservation unit (RDS Uatum„). Although 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0441FA41010AA5C0" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[359,530,1442,1468]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0441FA41010AA5C0" box="[359,530,1442,1468]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only one fertile record, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDBFE4FFA7FFBE0668FA4100F8A5C0" author="Costa, A. L. S." box="[846,992,1442,1468]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" refId="ref2788" refString="Costa, A. L. S. (2021) Variacao da composicao floristica e diversidade de comunidades arboreas ao longo de um gradiente hidroedafico em duas sub-bacias de rios de agua-preta na Amazonia. Master thesis, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Brazil, 41 pp." type="book" year="2021">Costa (2021)</bibRefCitation>
sampled igapó forests along the Abacate River and found high densities of the species, recording 333 individuals within 3 ha. This inventory was implemented in the same area where the 
<typeStatus id="54977CB7FFA7FFBE04F4FA09012CA678" box="[466,564,1514,1540]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of the new species was collected and mistakenly identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0039FA0902E0A654" authority="Ducke (1937: 39)" authorityName="Ducke" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1937" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sclerophyllum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0039FA09023EA654" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Catostemma sclerophyllum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDBFE4FFA7FFBE0408F9ED02E0A654" author="Ducke, A." box="[302,504,1550,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" pagination="37 - 39" refId="ref2841" refString="Ducke, A. (1937) New forest trees of the Brazilian Amazon. Tropical Woods 50: 37 - 39." type="journal article" year="1937">Ducke (1937: 39)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Due to the lack of other fertile collections and ecological information, we consider 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE05AEF9D1022BA630" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,307,1586,1612]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE05AEF9D1022BA630" box="[136,307,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Data Deficient (DD). Assessment that will be formalized by submission to the IUCN.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C336919EFFA7FFB8059BF9B50760A297" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA7FFBE059BF9B500C1A710" blockId="2.[136,1452,1406,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE059BF9B50223A60C" bold="true" box="[189,315,1622,1648]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Discussion</emphasis>
:—This species is known from a single collection with buds and flowers, without fruits. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0039F9B5020AA6E8" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0039F9B5020AA6E8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0745F99901C0A6E8" box="[611,728,1658,1684]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemmae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altsonii">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0745F99901C0A6E8" box="[611,728,1658,1684]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. altsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it can be distinguished by the shape of its lanceolate leaflets (vs. obovate or elliptic to oblong), larger hypanthium (ca. 0.3 × 
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vs. 0.05–0.1 × 
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), 3-lobed calyces (vs. 2-lobate calyces) and filaments in greater quantity and size (420–450 and ca. 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA7FFBE0139F9210773A6A0" box="[1055,1131,1730,1756]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
long vs. 200–280 and 
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long); other morphological differences can be seen in 
<tableCitation id="C6AEF7AEFFA7FFBE0628F905007AA77C" box="[782,866,1766,1792]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,224,158,182]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Catostemma lanceolatum and C. altsonii." pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Table 1</tableCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0656F9050795A77C" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[880,1165,1766,1792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0656F9050795A77C" box="[880,1165,1766,1792]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be endemic to the Abacate River, in the state of Amazonas, 
<collectingCountry id="F33B8285FFA7FFBE07A6F8E901DFA758" box="[640,711,1802,1828]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, while 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE063EF8E90095A758" box="[792,909,1802,1828]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemmae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altsonii">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE063EF8E90095A758" box="[792,909,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. altsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the 
<collectingCountry id="F33B8285FFA7FFBE017CF8E907D5A758" box="[1114,1229,1802,1828]" name="Guyana" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
and Mazaruni river watersheds of 
<collectingCountry id="F33B8285FFA7FFBE0409F8CD0292A734" box="[303,394,1838,1864]" name="Guyana" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Guyana</collectingCountry>
. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE0715F8CD01F9A734" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[563,737,1838,1864]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE0715F8CD01F9A734" box="[563,737,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in sandy soils at elevations of ca. 
<specimenCount id="9D2A099CFFA7FFBE01EEF8CD0615A734" box="[1224,1293,1838,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA7FFBE01EEF8CD0611A734" box="[1224,1289,1838,1865]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
s.m., while 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA7FFBE00B4F8CD03C4A710" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemmae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altsonii">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA7FFBE00B4F8CD03C4A710" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">C. altsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in lateritic soils, generally at elevations of 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA7FFBE0629F8B100B1A710" box="[783,937,1874,1901]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" unit="m" value="700.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="500.0">
500 to 
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</quantity>
.s.m.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF53929DFFA6FFBF05AEF8FB0215A709" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202812" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202812" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202812/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" startId="3.[136,229,1816,1838]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1792]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA6FFBF05AEF8FB0215A709" blockId="3.[136,1452,1816,1909]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA6FFBF05AEF8FB03E1A751" bold="true" box="[136,249,1816,1838]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA6FFBF0420F8FA02E5A751" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[262,509,1816,1838]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA6FFBF0420F8FA02E5A751" box="[262,509,1816,1838]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. a. floriferous branch; b. foliar venation pattern scheme; c. flower; d. longitudinal section of the hypanthium; e. transverse section of the ovary. Photos: C.D.M. Ferreira (a, b, d, e); L.O. Dermarchi (c), based on L.O. Demarchi &amp; L.E. Barcelos 872.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF53929DFFA1FFB805AEFF7D075BA0CA" box="[136,1091,158,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" startId="4.[136,224,158,182]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805AEFF7D075BA0CA" blockId="4.[136,1426,158,303]" box="[136,1091,158,183]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805AEFF7D03ECA0CA" bold="true" box="[136,244,158,182]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">TABLE 1</emphasis>
. Morphological comparison between 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA1FFB807ACFF7C0082A0CB" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[650,922,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB807ACFF7C0082A0CB" box="[650,922,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Catostemma lanceolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA1FFB806EBFF7C0724A0CB" box="[973,1084,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemmae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altsonii">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB806EBFF7C0724A0CB" box="[973,1084,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">C. altsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB80408FF2F068AA173" blockId="4.[136,1426,158,303]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB80408FF2F0719A0A2" box="[302,1025,203,223]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA1FFB80408FF2F02B7A0A2" authorityName="C. D. M. Ferreira &amp; W. S. Alverson" authorityYear="2023" box="[302,431,203,223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanceolatum">C. lanceolatum</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="4C2CB996FFA1FFB8068EFF2F0719A0A2" box="[936,1025,203,223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Catostemmae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altsonii">C. altsonii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
ca. 0.5 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB8045BFF1F02A1A16C" box="[381,441,252,272]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.4">0.4 cm</quantity>
, apex cuspidate, abaxial surface densely to sparsely ca. 0.6 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB806D1FF1F072BA16C" box="[1015,1075,252,272]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.4">0.4 cm</quantity>
, apex acuminate, both surfaces glabrous,
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FEEF072FA153" blockId="4.[136,1426,158,303]" box="[144,1079,268,303]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FEEF03CCA163" box="[144,212,268,287]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Stipules</emphasis>
covered with fasciculate trichomes, adaxial surface glabrous usually glaucous
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FEB20686A118" blockId="4.[144,1438,337,356]" box="[144,1438,337,356]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FEB203CCA118" box="[144,212,337,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Leaflets</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB80408FEB20295A118" box="[302,397,337,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="4.25" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="4.1">4.1–4.4 cm</quantity>
wide, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, apex obtuse 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB8068EFEB2071FA118" box="[936,1031,337,356]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="6.8" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="5.1">5.1–8.5 cm</quantity>
wide, obovate or elliptic to oblong, apex retuse
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB80408FE65068FA1E4" blockId="4.[144,1445,389,473]" box="[302,1431,389,409]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
0.3–0.8 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB804A2FE6502FEA1E5" box="[388,486,390,409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.4 cm</quantity>
, filiform, apex acuminate, adaxial surface densely ca. 0.2 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB806D1FE65072BA1E5" box="[1015,1075,390,409]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.1">0.1 cm</quantity>
, triangular, apex rounded, adaxial surface
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FE4607CDA1A5" blockId="4.[144,1445,389,473]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FE4603F3A1C4" box="[144,235,421,440]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Bracteoles</emphasis>
covered with simple trichomes on the primary vein up to the apex, glabrous except at apex (with sparse fasciculate trichomes), abaxial surface densely covered by fasciculate trichomes at the apex abaxial surface has a glabrous apex
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FE190771A272" blockId="4.[144,1129,506,526]" box="[144,1129,506,526]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FE1903F2A271" box="[144,234,506,525]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Hypanthia</emphasis>
ca. 0.3 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB8045BFE1902AFA272" box="[381,439,506,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.6">0.6 cm</quantity>
0.05–0.1 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB8012FFE190771A272" box="[1033,1129,506,526]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 cm</quantity>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FDCC07E6A23E" blockId="4.[144,1278,559,578]" box="[144,1278,559,578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FDCC03CCA23E" box="[144,212,559,578]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Calyces</emphasis>
apex 3-lobate, lobes ca. 1.5 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB8070BFDCC0194A23E" box="[557,652,559,578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.1" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1.1 cm</quantity>
apex 2-lobate, lobes 1–1.2 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB801B9FDCC07E6A23E" box="[1183,1278,559,578]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.75" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.8 cm</quantity>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB80408FD800097A20A" blockId="4.[144,1432,611,695]" box="[302,911,611,631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
2.1–2.5 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB804A2FD8002FEA20B" box="[388,486,611,631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.7 cm</quantity>
, adaxial surface sparsely covered with fasciculate
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB8068EFD900680A2FB" blockId="4.[144,1432,611,695]" box="[936,1432,627,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
1.8–2.2 × 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB806D9FD900748A2FB" box="[1023,1104,627,647]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1 cm</quantity>
, both surfaces glabrous except at apex
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FD600092A2EA" blockId="4.[144,1432,611,695]" box="[144,906,643,662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FD6003DDA2EA" box="[144,197,643,662]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Petals</emphasis>
and simple trichomes, abaxial surface densely covered with fasciculate
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB8068EFD70078EA2DA" blockId="4.[144,1432,611,695]" box="[936,1174,659,678]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">(with fasciculate trichomes)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB80408FD4001BCA2CA" blockId="4.[144,1432,611,695]" box="[302,676,675,695]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">trichomes on the middle and apical portions</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93C215FFA1FFB805B6FD3A0760A297" blockId="4.[144,1144,728,747]" box="[144,1144,728,747]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="B9581E07FFA1FFB805B6FD3A0212A297" box="[144,266,728,747]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Free filaments</emphasis>
420–450, ca. 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB80487FD3B02C3A297" box="[417,475,728,747]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
long 200–280, 
<quantity id="4CD46FF0FFA1FFB806DBFD3B0755A297" box="[1021,1101,728,747]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" unit="cm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.0">1–1.3 cm</quantity>
long
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>