198 lines
20 KiB
XML
198 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="C0DC862D81C1573B9E1DC0B6B7ADE53E" ID-CLB-Dataset="91181" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6811090" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6c5d261f-9908-4ca4-afb6-df78e3013d15" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6811090" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1600875747584" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="290787FFFFA31874FF1792A8ECA63C1A" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Natalidae_584.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Natalus macrourus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="596" masterDocId="D53EFF87FFA41873FFBA9505EB7B3516" masterDocTitle="Natalidae" masterLastPageNumber="596" masterPageNumber="589" pageNumber="596" updateTime="1698845926077" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="73A798A59B7B1DBDE683C1F994DBC469" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6E083456BE2E615F005ABE2B01495684">
|
||
<mods:title id="325A6E3C42EAEA8B6F87BD484D9B3A8D">Natalidae</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="3958098BEE2B856A27937EE4A99886AA" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EBCF5F000F6C50A5D490D6E531C94475">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1F7E216E965DE91FF1E2BA4AAF25BF4F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="993C59BBD7C90BCA0774786B0A697CE5">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="8DAA3AE3258A96DB116207443234CC5C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="38F73CAAAE30EBF7E92EBBB9580434D2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="6D83421C521D952982F340F6F5A4B02F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="686A6EFD3D49B6B6F43E243E01B58B6C">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="5246B5CA1DFC48178576D4E2175DF9CD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="91AC15F6C21146BA81FF8A2C1A42E4B4" type="host">
|
||
<mods:originInfo id="7C29F870BDB3154F167E1B6E0D5E4612">
|
||
<mods:dateIssued id="01DC16B27F9102BA4FF078926853678E">2019</mods:dateIssued>
|
||
<mods:dateOther id="A6E1DEDCDFF683F939721BCC3454B4ED" type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
|
||
<mods:publisher id="7D255594C963049229F27F549EB56C5C">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
|
||
<mods:place id="D8690CC2126E515B8E255C467CCD5B97">
|
||
<mods:placeTerm id="257BE44E021889A9DE793A0C71B4051B">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
|
||
</mods:place>
|
||
</mods:originInfo>
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A4F7F07C40E53341FBE09FF203FBFCD6">
|
||
<mods:title id="C90D0F972A5D8596E1AF0CCCF6880806">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9D276EF18BBD412775E3B2C4A50C903E">
|
||
<mods:extent id="ED677D82DE0870114491D7C4F9DA45B9" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="DB589099F2C13D271E56A509D012617A">589</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="2C4CCD73DBF0A71FE4FB22D13A57D3DE">596</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E540C0AA914935AC4CB51742338BD099">book chapter</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B7426AC47595FE8BFBA881E7B4599556" type="CLB-Dataset">91181</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="56B16F6A68AC38E93CA47769056DFC5A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6811090</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="16D2830083A6559C6D2933696BAA68F1" type="GBIF-Dataset">6c5d261f-9908-4ca4-afb6-df78e3013d15</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0A9428A3F61113146A455093F8D0DF83" type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7A7D50D0BC544C1082CD395B604EA79B" type="Zenodo-Dep">6811090</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="290787FFFFA31874FF1792A8ECA63C1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6811150" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196425121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6811150" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:290787FFFFA31874FF1792A8ECA63C1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/290787FFFFA31874FF1792A8ECA63C1A" lastPageNumber="596" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FF1792A8EB9832C5" box="[173,227,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FF1792A8EB9832C5" blockId="7.[168,1218,1965,2045]" box="[173,227,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<heading id="FA598185FFA31874FF1792A8EB9832C5" box="[173,227,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<figureCitation id="39952A6CFFA31874FF1792A8EB9832C5" box="[173,227,1965,2003]" captionStart="Plate 45: Natalidae" captionStartId="2.[143,173,3383,3408]" captionTargetBox="[14,2802,14,3656]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Gervais’s Funnel-eared Bat (Nyctiellus lepidus), 2. Caribbean Lesser Funnel-eared Bat (Chalonatalus micropus), 3. Cuban Lesser Funnel-eared Bat (Chilonatalus macer), 4. Bahamian Lesser Funnel-eared Bat (Chilonatalus tumaidifrons), 5. Cuban Greater Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus primus), 6. Jamaican Greater Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus jamaicensis), 7. Hispaniolan Greater Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus major), 8. Woolly Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus lanatus), 9. Mexican Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus mexicanus), 10. Trinidadian Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus tumidirostris), 11. Lesser Antillean Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus stramineus), 12. Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat (Natalus macrourus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6811132" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6811132/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">12.</figureCitation>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FF4E92A8E85F32C5" box="[244,804,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FF4E92A8E85F32C5" blockId="7.[168,1218,1965,2045]" box="[244,804,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<heading id="FA598185FFA31874FF4E92A8E85F32C5" box="[244,804,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<vernacularName id="2FAD46C7FFA31874FF4E92A8E85F32C5" box="[244,804,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FCEC92A8EFBA32C5" box="[854,1217,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FCEC92A8EFBA32C5" blockId="7.[168,1218,1965,2045]" box="[854,1217,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<heading id="FA598185FFA31874FCEC92A8EFBA32C5" box="[854,1217,1965,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AE4D6AFFA31874FCEC92A8EFBA32C5" ID-CoL="73TQR" baseAuthorityName="P. Gervais" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[854,1217,1965,2003]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrourus">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FCEC92A8EFBA32C5" box="[854,1217,1965,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Natalus macrourus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FF1092E0EF6832EC" box="[170,1043,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FF1092E0EF6832EC" blockId="7.[168,1218,1965,2045]" box="[170,1043,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<heading id="FA598185FFA31874FF1092E0EF6832EC" box="[170,1043,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FF1092E0EB8E32EC" bold="true" box="[170,245,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">French:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="2FAD46C7FFA31874FF4592E0EAD632EC" box="[255,429,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
Natalide du
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874FEC292E0EAD632EC" box="[376,429,2021,2042]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brésil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FE7992E0E96532EC" bold="true" box="[451,542,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">German:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="2FAD46C7FFA31874FD9292E0E99632EC" box="[552,749,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brasilien-Trichterohr</vernacularName>
|
||
/
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FCBB92E0E82732EC" bold="true" box="[769,860,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Spanish:</emphasis>
|
||
<vernacularName id="2FAD46C7FFA31874FCDC92E0EF6832EC" box="[870,1043,2021,2042]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
Natalido de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874FC6592E0EF6832EC" box="[991,1043,2021,2042]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brasil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</vernacularName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FF139D22EF5B3D5E" box="[169,1056,2087,2120]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FF139D22EF5B3D5E" blockId="7.[167,1375,2087,2327]" box="[169,1056,2087,2120]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FF139D22EA3F3D5E" bold="true" box="[169,324,2087,2120]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AE4D6AFFA31874FEE89D22E8703D5E" ID-CoL="6YX4Z" authority="P. Gervais" authorityName="P. Gervais" box="[338,779,2087,2120]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Spectrellum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrourum">Spectrellum macrourum P. Gervais</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Castelnau, 1856,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FB979D22E8393D66" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FB979D22E8393D66" blockId="7.[167,1375,2087,2327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="11C63CB4FFA31874FB979D22E8393D66" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3855913304" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
no type locality given. Identified by P. Gervais in 1856 as
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874FD319D52E9A73D66" box="[651,732,2135,2160]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Bahia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874FD579D52E8443D66" box="[749,831,2135,2160]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FF109D73E9213C18" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FF109D73E9213C18" blockId="7.[167,1375,2087,2327]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AE4D6AFFA31874FF109D73EA8D3D81" box="[170,502,2166,2199]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="espiritosantensis">Natalus espiritosantensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, named by A. Ruschi in 1951, was briefly considered to be the valid name until illustrations of Spectrellum macrourum revealed it to represent a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AE4D6AFFA31874FE859DC0EAD23DF0" box="[319,425,2245,2278]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Natalus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and therefore the oldest name available for the Brazilian population of the genus. Monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874F7B2940BE33734B0" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="distribution">
|
||
<caption id="F5D16661FFA31874F7B2940BE33734B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6811126" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6811126" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6811126/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" targetBox="[1441,2032,280,695]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874F7B2940BE33734B0" blockId="7.[2055,2648,270,697]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874F7B2940BE3CC3439" bold="true" box="[2056,2231,270,303]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
South America S of Amazon River, including C & E
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874F6F1943FE2E13441" box="[2379,2458,314,343]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874F5BA943FE1453441" box="[2560,2622,314,343]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Para</collectingRegion>
|
||
S to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874F78B9464E3C53468" box="[2097,2238,353,382]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Sao Paulo</collectingRegion>
|
||
states), E
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874F6E69464E2C73468" box="[2396,2492,353,382]" name="Bolivia" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874F5A89464E33334B0" name="Paraguay" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874F7B294A9E231317D" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874F7B294A9E231317D" blockId="7.[2055,2648,270,697]" lastBlockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874F7B294A9E26334DB" bold="true" box="[2056,2328,428,461]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
|
||
Far 12-159 mm, forearm 37-421 mm (males) and 37-2— 40-4 mm (females); weight
|
||
<quantity id="66569B0CFFA31874F62094FFE2B3370D" box="[2458,2504,506,539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" unit="g" value="6.0">6 g</quantity>
|
||
. Pelage is usually darker dorsally than ventrally; pelage is pale buff ventrally and light brown dorsally to bright yellowish brown both ventrally and dorsally; dorsal hairs are bicolored, with tips darker than bases; ventral pelage is unicolored. There are dense mustache-like hair tufts along lateral margins of upper lip and on dorsum of muzzle. Medial and lateral ear margins are deeply concave; there are 5-6 ear pleats; pinna is funnel-shaped but with markedly pointed tip. Natalid organ of malesis relatively flat, elliptical to wedge-shaped, and extends onto crown. Wings attach to tibia above ankle; free margin of uropatagium has sparse fringe of thin hairs; ungual tufts are absent. Braincase is inflated, rising abruptly from rostrum; premaxilla is not inflated; maxilla dorsal to molars is convex and not inflated; postorbital region of skull in dorsal view has sides widely diverging rostrally; palate is present between pterygoids; caudal margins of maxilla in ventral view form acute angle with longitudinal axis of skull; basisphenoid pits are shallow; mesostylar crest on third molar is absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1E9170E12D301F" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1E9170E12D301F" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1E9170ED6F3184" bold="true" box="[1444,1556,1141,1170]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
From xeric (caatinga) through dry (cerrado) to moist (Amazonian and Atlantic forests) habitats at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="66569B0CFFA31874F8309198E36931AC" box="[1930,2066,1181,1210]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="1000.0" valueMin="0.0">0—1000 m</quantity>
|
||
. The Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat has been found roosting in humid (relative humidity ¢.95%) but not particularly hot (22-25°C) caves, opening in sandstone or limestone, and that usually contain open water bodies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1E900AE3F9304E" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1E900AE3F9304E" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1E900AEDD73026" bold="true" box="[1444,1708,1295,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but the Brazilian Funnel-eared Batis certainly insectivorous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1F905BE12D30E0" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1F905BE12D30E0" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1F905BED503069" bold="true" box="[1445,1579,1374,1407]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Pregnant Brazilian Funnel-eared Bats have been found in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874F6CD905BEEAB30B1" country="Brazil" name="Mato Grosso do Sul" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Mato Grosso do Sul</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874F9A39083EDF930B1" box="[1561,1666,1414,1447]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Sergipe</collectingRegion>
|
||
states,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874F9529083EC4130B1" box="[1768,1850,1414,1447]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in January and February, and post-lactating females and juveniles have been found in April, indicating a similar synchronicity of parturition with peak of summeras has been found in congeners from the Northern Hemisphere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1990F9E397330B" box="[1443,2284,1532,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1990F9E397330B" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" box="[1443,2284,1532,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1990F9EDF5330B" bold="true" box="[1443,1678,1532,1565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Brazilian Funnel-eared Bats are nocturnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1F9326EDEC324F" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1F9326EDEC324F" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1F9326E3183352" bold="true" box="[1445,2147,1571,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Single sex groups of Brazilian Funnel-eared Bats are encountered in spring (November) and suggest a pattern of sexual segregation around the time of parturition similar to that of other funnel-eared bats. Changes in cave populations from 20-100 individuals to more than 1000 individuals were observed in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="636AF80BFFA31874F92693C4EC2D33F4" box="[1692,1878,1729,1762]" country="Brazil" name="Sergipe" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Sergipe State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="D9B97679FFA31874F8DF93C4ECCC33F4" box="[1893,1975,1729,1762]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, coinciding with beginning of rainy season, suggesting immigration or local switching of roost caves as has been described for funneleared bats elsewhere. The Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat can share roosting caves with 22 other bat species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1C9266EC223D7B" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1C9266EC223D7B" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1C9266EC753296" bold="true" box="[1446,1806,1891,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Near Threatened on The IUCN Red List (as N.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66AE4D6AFFA31874FA6B9282EDD932BE" box="[1489,1698,1927,1960]" class="Mammalia" family="Natalidae" genus="Natalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="espiritosantensis">espiritosantensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat has the widest distribution of any natalid, but it seems to be rare over much of that area. Colonies are comparatively small, ranging from 5-10 individuals to ¢.50 individuals. Its habitat is threatened by agriculture and deliberate extermination of cave colonies, and it is estimated that 54% of its habitat has already been lost. Protection of any cave containing the Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat is imperative.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E9B46562FFA31874FA1C9D79ECA63C1A" pageId="7" pageNumber="596" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="A11136E9FFA31874FA1C9D79ECA63C1A" blockId="7.[1439,2651,704,2316]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">
|
||
<emphasis id="93DAEAFBFFA31874FA1C9D79ED443D83" bold="true" box="[1446,1599,2172,2197]" pageId="7" pageNumber="596">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Delgado-Jaramillo et al. (2018), Garbino & Tejedor (2013), Gervais (1856b), Gregorin & Mendes (1999), Lopez-Gonzélez et al. (1998), Pine & Ruschi (1976), Rocha, Mikalauskas et al. (2013), Ruschi (1951, 1970), Taddei & Uieda (2001), Tavares, Aguiar et al. (2010), Tavares, Nobre et al. (2017), Tejedor (2006, 2011), Trajano & Gimenez (1998), Trajano & Moreira (1991).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |