140 lines
15 KiB
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140 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b8fceb5a-9f78-4dc4-8fa2-92fe20bb2c42" ID-PMC="PMC3088446" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-70-1" ID-PubMed="21594041" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-70-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 70" ModsDocTitle="Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an “oceanic” island" checkinTime="1451250880545" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rowson, B, Warren, B. H. & Ngereza, C. F." docDate="2010" docId="4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 70: 1-39" docOrigin="ZooKeys 70" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762" docTitle="Gittenedouardia conulina von Martens 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFB2FFB6591BFFBAFFFF0472FFE6A56D" masterDocTitle="Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an " oceanic " island" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1668164835731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Terrestrial molluscs of Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and its status as an " oceanic " island</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rowson, B</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Warren, B. H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ngereza, C. F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>70</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>39</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.70.762</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-70-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159360808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4774D0D52F2E501B939CA624EDC0ADEF" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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7.
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<taxonomicName authority="von Martens, 1869" authorityName="von Martens" authorityYear="1869" class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina (von Martens, 1869)</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 29
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Enidae" genus="Buliminus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Buliminus (Pachnodus)" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pachnodus">Buliminus (Pachnodus)</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="von Martens, KE" journalOrPublisher="Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="149 - 156" title="Conchylien aus Zanzibar zwischen Sesamsaamen." volume="1" year="1869">von Martens 1869</bibRefCitation>
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: 153
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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The name
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gittenedouardia</taxonomicName>
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Bank & Menkhorst, 2008 recently replaced
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Edouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edouardia" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Edouardia</taxonomicName>
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auctt. non Gude (
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<bibRefCitation author="Bank, RA" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="93 - 110" title="Notes on the nomenclature of some land- and freshwater molluscs of the Seychelles, with consequences for taxa from Africa, Madagascar, India, the Philippines, Jamaica, and Europe." volume="72" year="2008">Bank and Menkhorst 2008</bibRefCitation>
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). The slender-shelled East African species of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gittenedouardia</taxonomicName>
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differ subtly in shell proportions. Two of the Pemba shells are large enough to be adult, at 9.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5.5mm (Fig. 29) and 8.2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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4.1mm. These were compared with photographs of the lectotypes of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metula">Gittenedouardia metula</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens, 1895), and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens, 1897) (all in ZMB) and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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(Taylor, 1877) (in BMNH).
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metula">Gittenedouardia metula</taxonomicName>
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appear to be the ends of a shape continuum from slender with less tumid whorls (conulina) to broad with tumid whorls (metula). The Pemba shells,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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, the other shells in the
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia tumida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tumida">Gittenedouardia tumida</taxonomicName>
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type lot (see
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<bibRefCitation author="Rowson, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="425 - 466" title="Land molluscs of Zanzibar Island (Unguja), Tanzania with the description of a new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)." volume="39" year="2007">Rowson 2007</bibRefCitation>
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, p.434), and probably
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia metuloides" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="metuloides">Gittenedouardia metuloides</taxonomicName>
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(E. A. Smith, 1899) of Malawi and southern Africa, are each somewhere in the middle. A similar species is recorded from Aldabra (as
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cyclophoridae" genus="Edouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Edouardia cf subsp. tumida" order="Architaenioglossa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="cf" subSpecies="tumida">Edouardia cf. tumida</taxonomicName>
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in
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<bibRefCitation author="Gerlach, J" journalOrPublisher="Backhuys, Leiden, The Netherlands" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" title="Terrestrial and freshwater Mollusca of the Seychelles islands" year="2006 b">Gerlach 2006b</bibRefCitation>
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) and the Comoros
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Bulimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bulimus badiolus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="badiolus">Bulimus badiolus</taxonomicName>
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Morelet, 1881 also appears to belong to this group. This merits more detailed analysis but for now we associate the Pemba species with
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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. This happens to be both the only species previously recorded from Pemba and the oldest available name. It was noted on Pemba by
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<bibRefCitation author="Voeltzkow, A" journalOrPublisher="Witu-Inseln und Zanzibar-Archipel. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" title="Reise in Ostafrika in den Jahren 1903 - 1905. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse" year="1923">Voeltzkow (1923)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Haas, F" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="387 - 430" title="Die Binnenmollusken der Voeltzkow'schen Reisen in Ostafrika und den ostafrikanischen Inseln" volume="57" year="1929">Haas (1929)</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Conulinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conulinus conulinus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulinus">Conulinus conulinus</taxonomicName>
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(von Martens)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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Rowson (2007, p.433-434, 454-455) considered
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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one of the few taxa recorded from both Unguja and Pemba, but not the mainland. Given the tax
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<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">onomic</pageBreakToken>
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problem this is of little biogeographic significance. Regrettably the confusion in this group may have been added to by contradictorily illustrating
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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with a specimen from the mainland (Kilifi, Kenya) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Rowson, B" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="425 - 466" title="Land molluscs of Zanzibar Island (Unguja), Tanzania with the description of a new species of Gulella (Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)." volume="39" year="2007">Rowson 2007</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig. 27). This bleached
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<normalizedToken originalValue="specimen’s">specimen's</normalizedToken>
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identification (by the late T. Pain) as "
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Cerastus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerastus conulinus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulinus">Cerastus conulinus</taxonomicName>
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(Mts.)" was taken at face value, but it is too large (16.1mm) to be either
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia conulina" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="conulina">Gittenedouardia conulina</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerastidae" genus="Gittenedouardia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gittenedouardia sordidula" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sordidula">Gittenedouardia sordidula</taxonomicName>
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. The name sordidula was introduced by
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<bibRefCitation author="von Martens, KE" editor="Stuhlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Dietrich Reimer, Berlin" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" title="Beschalte Weichthiere Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas" volumeTitle="Deutsch-Ost-Afrika" year="1897">von Martens (1897)</bibRefCitation>
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to replace the homonym conulinus von Martens, 1878 (not von Martens, 1869) after having used the name conulinus for what he later considered two separate species in the same genus. As stated above, we consider the lectotypes of these two species, conulina and sordidula to be very similar, but the drawings in
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<bibRefCitation author="von Martens, KE" editor="Stuhlmann, F" journalOrPublisher="Dietrich Reimer, Berlin" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" title="Beschalte Weichthiere Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas" volumeTitle="Deutsch-Ost-Afrika" year="1897">von Martens (1897)</bibRefCitation>
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rather emphasise the differences which may have helped to mislead Pain. However, whichever species the Kilifi specimen represents, it is not one recorded from Unguja or Pemba.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |