1039 lines
126 KiB
XML
1039 lines
126 KiB
XML
<document id="5B378B80B17A5BD39697726502314918" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3920.1.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="039113fc-cfe2-4f0f-9fe0-ac8fee6850ef" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="287911" ID-ZooBank="D03CFD04-F9BA-47E9-8DBD-920C539FF4F0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460994603596" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kubicki, Brian, Salazar, Stanley & Puschendorf, Robert" docDate="2015" docId="03F29955FFDDFF9B93826E5AFE24D6E0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03920p084.pdf.better.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3920 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hyalinobatrachium dianae Kubicki, Salazar & Puschendorf, 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="82" masterDocId="FFCBE12DFFDFFF9693156853FFB2D01D" masterDocTitle="A new species of glassfrog, genus Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae), from the Caribbean foothills of Costa Rica" masterLastPageNumber="84" masterPageNumber="69" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1698562537799" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="B7D9849F539D29199FACDA9D10D387A0">A new species of glassfrog, genus Hyalinobatrachium (Anura: Centrolenidae), from the Caribbean foothills of Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C0051627683041AA5848149D60488B0F">Kubicki, Brian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8B25B8F83966DF8DE7BE19E21E2C7D3B">Salazar, Stanley</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5FCDB9664DFEB0FBE1B30AE31F0DB90D">Puschendorf, Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="276E9FB3140592495E73CF011485BDEB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="78C4DB12D088E5DBD1FA532F243AB5E8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="088731CECACBFF2EFA66BED6BA5177C4">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="C27FDE555D025545D7825DDCB711F705" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3920.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F29955FFDDFF9B93826E5AFE24D6E0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6102996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127671688" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6102996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F29955FFDDFF9B93826E5AFE24D6E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F29955FFDDFF9B93826E5AFE24D6E0" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFDDFF9493826E5AFF59D675" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDDFF9493826E5AFDF0D63E" blockId="2.[151,777,1545,1640]" box="[151,578,1545,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<heading id="D0AC9F2FFFDDFF9493826E5AFDF0D63E" bold="true" box="[151,578,1545,1571]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDDFF9493826E5AFDF0D63E" bold="true" box="[151,578,1545,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDDFF9493826E5AFE6FD63E" ID-CoL="3MVZG" box="[151,477,1545,1571]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDDFF9493826E5AFE6FD63E" bold="true" box="[151,477,1545,1571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C492AFFDDFF9492F16E5AFDF0D63E" box="[484,578,1545,1571]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDDFF9493826E7FFF59D675" blockId="2.[151,777,1545,1640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
|
||
Diane’s bare-hearted glassfrog / rana de vidrio de Diane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDDFF94938A6E1CFF52D675" box="[159,224,1615,1640]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1487,1510]" captionTargetBox="[316,1270,195,1462]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[316,1272,195,1463]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Hyalinobatrachium dianae new species. A) Adult male holotype UCR 22038, B) Adult female paratopotype UCR 22037." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344538/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFDDFF9593826EC4FE07D73D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDDFF9493826EC4FD70D6E5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1687,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
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<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDDFF9493826EC4FEB9D6AD" bold="true" box="[151,267,1687,1712]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
|
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<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFDDFF9493826EC4FEB4D6AD" box="[151,262,1687,1712]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
UCR 22038, an adult male from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDDFF9491806ECBFCA7D6AD" box="[661,789,1687,1712]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Provincia de Heredia: Cantón de Sarapiquí: Distrito de Horquetas: approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDDFF9492DD6EEFFE49D6C8" box="[456,507,1724,1749]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" unit="km" value="4.0">4km</quantity>
|
||
west of Santa Clara, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDDFF9490336EEFFCC2D6C9" box="[806,880,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (N 10.219, W 83.949), obtained by Brian Kubicki and Stanley Salazar on
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDDFF9492EA6EB3FD0DD6E5" box="[511,703,1759,1784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" value="2013-10-13">13 October 2013</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDDFF9493D26F57FC27D75D" blockId="2.[151,1436,1687,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDDFF9493D26F57FEC9D700" bold="true" box="[199,379,1796,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Paratopotypes.</emphasis>
|
||
UCR 22037, adult female, same data as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFDDFF94906E6F57FC52D700" box="[891,992,1796,1821]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; UCR 22034, adult male, same data as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFDDFF9493D56F74FE90D75D" box="[192,290,1831,1856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
but obtained by Stanley Salazar on
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDDFF9491A06F7BFC23D75D" box="[693,913,1831,1856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" value="2013-11-18">18 November 2013</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDDFF9493D26F1FFEE1D7E9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1687,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDDFF9493D26F1FFEF4D778" bold="true" box="[199,326,1868,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFDDFF9493D26F1FFEF3D778" box="[199,321,1868,1893]" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
UCR 22033, an adult male from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDDFF9491AB6F1FFC8FD778" box="[702,829,1868,1893]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Provincia de Limón: Cantón de Turrialba: Distrito de Chirripo: headwaters of Quebrada Surubre, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDDFF9491B36F23FD5FD79A" box="[678,749,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (N 9.973, W 83.392), obtained by Norberto Solano on
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDDFF94969B6F23FE99D7B1" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" value="2012-08-01">1 August 2012</date>
|
||
. UCR 22035–36, two adult males from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDDFF9491F96FC7FCDED7B0" box="[748,876,1940,1965]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="71">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Provincia Limón: Cantón de Limón: Distrito Río Blanco: head waters of Río Victoria, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDDFF9491636FEBFD72D7CD" box="[630,704,1976,2000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (N 9.915, W 83.188), obtained by Stanley Salazar on
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDDFF9496956FEBFEE2D7E9" pageId="2" pageNumber="71" value="2013-11-22">22 November 2013</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFDCFF9593826D9CFEACD61B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344538/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" targetBox="[316,1270,195,1462]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDCFF9593826D9CFEACD61B" blockId="3.[151,1435,1486,1542]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF9593826D9CFEA0D5FB" bold="true" box="[151,274,1487,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDCFF95920A6D9DFDF2D5FB" box="[287,576,1486,1510]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF95920A6D9DFDF2D5FB" box="[287,576,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21C492AFFDCFF9591536D9CFD7BD5FB" box="[582,713,1487,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. A) Adult male holotype UCR 22038, B)Adult female paratopotype UCR 22037.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDCFF9593D26E7CFE07D73D" blockId="3.[151,1436,1583,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF9593D26E7CFE1AD655" bold="true" box="[199,424,1583,1608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Generic Placement</emphasis>
|
||
. We assign this new species to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDCFF9590616E7CFBFDD655" box="[884,1103,1583,1608]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF9590616E7CFBFDD655" box="[884,1103,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the combination of the following characteristics that are outlined as diagnostics for members of this genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDCFF9597466E00FADAD676" author="Guayasamin" box="[1107,1384,1619,1644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" refString="Guayasamin, J. M., Castroviejo-Fisher, S., Trueb, L., Ayarzaguena, J., Rada, M. & Vila, C. (2009) Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni. Zootaxa, 2100, 1 - 97." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Guayasamin
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF9597FC6E07FA90D671" box="[1257,1314,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
): (1) humeral spine absent in adult males; (2) digestive tract and bulbous liver covered in white iridophores; (3) parietal peritoneum transparent, allowing viscera to be fully visible when viewed ventrally; (4) white bones in life; (5) dorsal coloration in preservative cream; (6) lacking vomerine teeth and dentigerous process of the vomer; (7) adult males typically seen calling from the underside of the foliage; (8) egg masses deposited in a single layer on the inferior surface of leaves.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFDCFF9093D26F78FD99D64D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDCFF9293D26F78FCD9D4BB" blockId="3.[151,1436,1583,2004]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,1190]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF9593D26F78FEF3D759" bold="true" box="[199,321,1835,1860]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Herein we follow the standardized character states for diagnosing centrolenids presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDCFF9593826F1CFDC3D77A" author="Cisneros-Heredia" box="[151,625,1871,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" refString="Cisneros-Heredia, D. F. & McDiarmid, R. W. (2007) Revision of the characters of Centrolenidae (Amphibia: Anura: Athesphatanura), with comments on its taxonomy and the description of new taxa of glassfrogs. Zootaxa, 1572, 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2007">Cisneros-Heredia & McDiarmid (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The combination of the following characteristics can be used to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDCFF95920D6F20FDF5D791" box="[280,583,1907,1932]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDCFF95920D6F20FDF5D791" box="[280,583,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="72">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other members of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDCFF9590DB6F20FBC2D791" box="[974,1136,1907,1932]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Centrolenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) lack of vomerine teeth and dentigerous process of the vomer; (2) snout truncate in dorsal and lateral views; (3) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus indistinct, covered in skin and indiscernible in color and texture from adjacent surfaces; (4) skin on dorsal surfaces of limbs, body and head granular, slightly increased granular texture on body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDBFF92961368C4FAFFD0AD" box="[1286,1357,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,1244,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[217,1369,1244,1724]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of Hyalinobtrachium dianae, adult male paratype UCR 22033." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344539/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A); (5) ventral skin of thighs and body slightly granular, with most pronounced granulation on abdomen; chin and ventral surfaces of the arms and lower legs are smooth; subcloacal skin containing a concentration of weakly enameled smooth tubercles, lacking large subcloacal tubercles or folds; (6) parietal and cardial peritonea transparent; urinary bladder transparent; hepatic and gastrointestinal peritonea containing iridophores; gallbladder transparent yellowish green in living specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDBFF92915B691FFD25D179" box="[590,663,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,1244,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[217,1369,1244,1724]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of Hyalinobtrachium dianae, adult male paratype UCR 22033." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344539/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B); (7) liver bulbous; (8) adult males lack humeral projection; (9) lacking webbing between fingers I and II, basal webbing present between fingers II and III, moderate webbing between fingers III and IV,
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF9292DF69C5FE4DD1B2" box="[458,511,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9292DF69C5FE59D1B2" bold="true" box="[458,491,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">III</emphasis>
|
||
2
|
||
</date>
|
||
-–2+
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF92912569C5FDFDD1B2" bold="true" box="[560,591,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">IV</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDBFF92914B69C5FD13D1B2" box="[606,673,406,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1334,1357]" captionTargetBox="[300,1287,626,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[300,1288,626,1313]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hand (A) and foot (B) details of Hyalinobtrachium dianae (holotype UCR 22038)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A); (10) toe webbing
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF92908F69C5FC0BD1B2" box="[922,953,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF92908F69C5FC17D1B2" bold="true" box="[922,933,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">I</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
3/4–2
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF9290EF69C5FB97D1B2" box="[1018,1061,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9290EF69C5FBA2D1B2" bold="true" box="[1018,1040,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">II</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/4–2+
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF92977B69C5FB16D1B2" box="[1134,1188,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF92977B69C5FB3DD1B2" bold="true" box="[1134,1167,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">III</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/2–2 3/4
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF92960569C5FAF6D1B2" box="[1296,1348,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF92960569C5FA9DD1B2" bold="true" box="[1296,1327,406,431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">IV</emphasis>
|
||
2
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/2–1 1/
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFDBFF92968169F6FF19D1CB" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF92938269EEFF19D1CB" bold="true" box="[151,171,445,470]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">V</emphasis>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDBFF9293AF69EEFF4ED1CB" box="[186,252,445,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1334,1357]" captionTargetBox="[300,1287,626,1312]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[300,1288,626,1313]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Hand (A) and foot (B) details of Hyalinobtrachium dianae (holotype UCR 22038)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344540/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B); (11) a very weak white fleshy fringe extends from the elbow along the ventrolateral margin of forearm and Finger IV to the base of the disc; a very weak white fleshy fringe is present on the lower leg, originating at the heel and extending along the ventrolateral margin of tarsus, metatarsus, and to the base of Toe V; (12) nuptial excrescence (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFDBFF92923A6A79FED3D25F" box="[303,353,554,578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
|
||
V) present as a small cluster of minute glandular granules on the basal to medial dorsolateral edge of Finger I; prepollex not enlarged and prepollical spine not protruding; (13) Finger I longer than Finger II when measured from the corresponding distal margin of the palmar tubercle to the digit tip; (14) diameter of eye roughly twice the width of disc on Finger III; (15) living individuals have uniform lime green dorsal surfaces, lacking any evident light or dark spots; a dark oblong spherical structure under the skin of the lower back; bones white in life; (16) preserved specimens have a uniform cream-yellow dorsal coloration, with numerous minute dark star-like melanophores present throughout; bones white in preserved specimens; (17) iris coloration in life: silverywhite with fine dark spots or reticulation that become more concentrated directly surrounding the horizontally elliptical pupil; iris coloration in preservative: similar to that in life with a silvery white background and contrasting dark purplish spots or reticulation; (18) digits of hands and feet uniformly yellow, with the exception of the dorsal surfaces of toes IV and V which have a mixture of pigmention typical of the adjacent dorsal surface of the metatarsus; melanophores absent on the digits of hands and toes I, II, and III; (19) males have been observed calling from the undersurfaces of leaves; advertisement call is a single tonal note, a long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity; note duration 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDBFF9290866BAEFC71D40B" box="[915,963,1021,1046]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s (average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDBFF92975E6BAEFB12D40B" box="[1099,1184,1021,1046]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), dominant frequency 3.35–3.44 kHz (average 3.39 kHz) (N=9); (20) egg masses have been observed on the underside of the leaves, in a single layer; clutch size 31–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5DE3CAFFDBFF9292C56C16FE5ED443" box="[464,492,1093,1118]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" type="egg">68</specimenCount>
|
||
eggs (N = 9); early-staged embryos are greenish-yellow; males have been observed attending eggs during the night; (21) SVL in adult males
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDBFF92903C6C3AFC7FD49C" box="[809,973,1129,1154]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.895" metricValueMax="2.94" metricValueMin="2.85" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="28.95" valueMax="29.4" valueMin="28.5">28.5–29.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N = 5), adult female 28.0 mm (N = 1). Combat behavior and tadpoles are unknown for the new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFDBFF9293826E82FA91D6F5" box="[151,1315,1744,1768]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344539/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" targetBox="[217,1369,1244,1723]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDBFF9293826E82FA91D6F5" blockId="4.[151,1315,1744,1768]" box="[151,1315,1744,1768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9293826E82FEA0D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,274,1745,1768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9291B66E83FC0ED6F5" box="[675,956,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Hyalinobtrachium
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDBFF9290786E83FC0AD6F5" box="[877,952,1744,1768]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
adult male paratype UCR 22033.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDBFF9393D26F42FDFBD220" blockId="4.[151,1436,1809,2014]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9293D26F42FEDED737" bold="true" box="[199,364,1809,1834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
Due to their small size, potential inter/intrapopulational variation, and general lack of evident morphological characters, especially when examining preserved specimens, some members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDBFF9293826F0AFEC0D76F" box="[151,370,1881,1906]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9293826F0AFEC0D76F" box="[151,370,1881,1906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
present difficulty when it comes to making interspecific comparisons based solely on their morphology. This difficulty in discerning some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDBFF9291F46F2EFC0ED78B" box="[737,956,1917,1942]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDBFF9291F46F2EFC0ED78B" box="[737,956,1917,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="73">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species based solely on morphological characters has been noted by previous authors as well, and resulted in their use of an integrative taxonomy approach that employs a combination of morphological characters, advertisement calls, and phylogenetic relationships to define the different species addressed in their taxonomic studies (Castroviejo-Fisher
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93960C68CAFAFED0AD" box="[1305,1356,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009; 2011;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF9393C968EEFE73D0C9" author="Twomey" box="[220,449,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Twomey, E., Delia, J. & Castroviejo-Fisher, S. (2014) A review of Northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the descriptions of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa, 3851, 1 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3851.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Twomey
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93925068EEFEC7D0C8" box="[325,373,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Herein we will also be utilizing an integrative comparative approach where we look at aspects involving morphological and bioacoustic characteristics, in addition to COI DNA sequences. Being that the new species is only known to occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9391756957FD52D100" box="[608,736,260,285]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, our comparisons are narrowed down to congeners native to Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9393E76974FEE7D15D" box="[242,341,295,320]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Magdalena and Cauca river valleys of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF93905F6974FC09D15D" box="[842,955,295,320]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the Chocó biogeographical region of western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9393ED691FFED4D178" box="[248,358,332,357]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9392B1691FFDB6D178" box="[420,516,332,357]" name="Ecuador" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Additionally, being that our studies have shown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF939752691EFB0BD178" box="[1095,1209,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF939752691EFB0BD178" box="[1095,1209,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to have the closest relation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93921A6922FE27D195" box="[271,405,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Cochranella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93921A6922FE27D195" box="[271,405,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9392DF6922FD2DD195" box="[458,671,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Centrolenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9392DF6922FD2DD195" box="[458,671,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we have included in our comparisons two species that are not native to the above-mentioned regions. The two additional species that we included morphological and bioacustic comparisons are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93924169EAFE4DD1CD" box="[340,511,439,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93924169EAFE4DD1CD" box="[340,511,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. anachoretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93912069EAFD61D1CD" box="[565,723,439,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93912069EAFD61D1CD" box="[565,723,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both of which occur east of the Andes and were shown to have a close relation to both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93928E698EFD93D1E8" box="[411,545,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Cochranella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93928E698EFD93D1E8" box="[411,545,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF939140698EFC98D1E8" box="[597,810,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Centrolenella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF939140698EFC98D1E8" box="[597,810,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
according to the phylogeny presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF9397E9698EFF57D205" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Twomey, E., Delia, J. & Castroviejo-Fisher, S. (2014) A review of Northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the descriptions of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa, 3851, 1 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3851.1.1" type="journal article">
|
||
Twomey
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF939671698EFA27D1E8" box="[1380,1429,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We did not include any genetic comparison to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9391E36A52FC10D205" box="[758,930,511,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9391E36A52FC10D205" box="[758,930,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. anachoretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9390CD6A52FBC5D205" box="[984,1143,511,536]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9390CD6A52FBC5D205" box="[984,1143,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being that COI sequences are not available for these two species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFDAFF9393826D65FB26D550" box="[151,1172,1333,1357]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344540/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" targetBox="[300,1287,626,1312]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDAFF9393826D65FB26D550" blockId="5.[151,1172,1333,1357]" box="[151,1172,1333,1357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9393826D65FEA0D550" bold="true" box="[151,274,1334,1357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Hand (A) and foot (B) details of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93916B6D66FC23D550" box="[638,913,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Hyalinobtrachium
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93905D6D66FC23D550" box="[840,913,1333,1357]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype UCR 22038).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFDAFF9093D26D25FD99D64D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1398,2035]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||
Contrasting characteristics for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93912D6D24FD1DD592" box="[568,687,1398,1423]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93912D6D24FD1DD592" box="[568,687,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are presented in parentheses.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93973D6D25FECED5AE" authority="Twomey et al., 2014" authorityName="Twomey et al." authorityYear="2014" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anachoretus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93973D6D25FA2ED592" box="[1064,1436,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Hyalinobatrachium anachoretus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF9393826DC8FECED5AE" author="Twomey" box="[151,380,1434,1459]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Twomey, E., Delia, J. & Castroviejo-Fisher, S. (2014) A review of Northern Peruvian glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), with the descriptions of four new remarkable species. Zootaxa, 3851, 1 - 87. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3851.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Twomey
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9393EA6DCFFE8CD5AE" box="[255,318,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">et al.,</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has yellow spots on the dorsum (lacking yellow spots); advertisement call lasting 0.32–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDAFF9396466DC8FA31D5AE" box="[1363,1411,1435,1459]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" precision="555" value="-0.37">0.37</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s, containing 5–6 distinct pulses, and having a dominant frequency of 4.67–4.8 kHz (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDAFF93964D6DEDFA3AD5CA" box="[1368,1416,1470,1495]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDAFF9392146DB1FEE5D5E6" box="[257,343,1506,1531]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
]), a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9397D46E55FCF6D65E" authority="Barrera-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 1989" authorityName="Barrera-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza" authorityYear="1989" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureoguttatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9397D46E55FE89D65E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF9392586E79FC8ED65E" author="Barrera-Rodriguez" box="[333,828,1578,1603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Barrera-Rodriguez, M. & Ruiz-Carranza, P. M. (1989) Una nueva especie del genero Centrolenella Noble, 1920 (Amphibia: Anura: Centrolenidae) de la Cordillera Occidental de Colombia. Trianea, 3, 77 - 84. [Bogota]" type="journal article" year="1989">Barrera-Rodríguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has distinct large yellow spots on the dorsum that become white in preservative (lacking yellow spots); the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9397196E1CFB60D67B" box="[1036,1234,1615,1638]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureoguttatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9397196E1CFB60D67B" box="[1036,1234,1615,1638]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. aureoguttatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unavailable for comparison.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9392326E21FCA1D696" authority="Taylor, 1958" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1958" box="[295,787,1650,1675]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9392326E21FDDFD696" box="[295,621,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF93916F6E21FCB8D696" author="Taylor" box="[634,778,1650,1675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1958) Notes on Costa Rican Centrolenidae with descriptions of new forms. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 39, 41 - 68." type="journal article" year="1958">Taylor, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has substantial webbing between fingers II–III and III–IV (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF93938B6EC5FEF3D6B2" author="Kubicki" box="[158,321,1686,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Kubicki, B. (2004) Rediscovery of Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi (Anura: Centrolenidae) in southeastern Costa Rica. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 52, 214 - 218." type="journal article" year="2004">Kubicki 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF93925A6EC4FE3BD6B2" author="Kubicki" box="[335,393,1687,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Kubicki, B. (2007) Ranas de Vidrio de Costa Rica / Costa Rica Glass Frogs. Editorial INBio, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica, 304 pp." type="book" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (substantial webbing being found only between fingers III–IV), light yellow spots in the dorsal skin (lacking any light yellow spots in the dorsal skin,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDAFF9390756EE9FC14D6CE" box="[864,934,1722,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1600]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,701,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,701,1556]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison of dorsal coloration between A) Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi, CRARC 1005, B) H. colymbiphyllum CRARC 1026, and C) a male paratype UCR 22036 of H. dianae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9397F76EEFFAD8D6CE" box="[1250,1386,1722,1747]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9397F76EEFFAD8D6CE" box="[1250,1386,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rapid high-pitched trill, comprised of numerous individual pulses, a single examined advertisement call of a male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9393826F57FEACD706" box="[151,286,1794,1819]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9393826F57FEACD706" box="[151,286,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a tributary of Río Banano, Limón Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9390436F50FC66D706" box="[854,980,1794,1819]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFDAFF9390F56F50FBABD707" box="[992,1049,1795,1819]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. had a total duration of 0.285 seconds, a dominant frequency of 4.3 kHz, and 18 individual pulses (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDAFF9397BC6F75FB6BD722" box="[1193,1241,1830,1855]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFDAFF9396486F75FF11D77F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9397176F3DFE84D7B6" authority="Taylor, 1949" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1949" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9397176F3DFA2ED79A" box="[1026,1436,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFDAFF93938B6FC1FE9CD7B6" author="Taylor" box="[158,302,1938,1963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1949) Costa Rican frogs of the genera Centrolene and Centrolenella. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 33, 257 - 270." type="journal article" year="1949">Taylor, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has light yellow spots in the dorsal skin (lacking any light yellow spots in the dorsal skin,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFDAFF9396376FC1FAD7D7B6" box="[1314,1381,1938,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,255,1577,1600]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,701,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,701,1556]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison of dorsal coloration between A) Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi, CRARC 1005, B) H. colymbiphyllum CRARC 1026, and C) a male paratype UCR 22036 of H. dianae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344541/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF93928D6FEBFDC0D7D2" box="[408,626,1974,1999]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF93928D6FEBFDC0D7D2" box="[408,626,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a high-pitched trill comprised of numerous distinct pulses, single advertisement calls from two males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFDAFF9391496F8FFC87D7EE" box="[604,821,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFDAFF9391496F8FFC87D7EE" box="[604,821,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from two different locations within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFDAFF9397CB6F88FAEED7EE" box="[1246,1372,2010,2035]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
were examined for this study. The first call is from a male near the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF90905168CBFC7BD0AD" box="[836,969,151,176]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Santa Elena</collectingCountry>
|
||
Reserve in Tilarán, Guanacaste Province, 1550 masl. This call had a total duration of 0.628 seconds, a dominant frequency of 4.0 kHz, and 13 distinct pulses. The second
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF90923168B2FE49D0E5" box="[292,507,223,248]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF90923168B2FE49D0E5" box="[292,507,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
advertisement call is from a male near Rincón de Osa, Puntarenas Province, 40 masl. This call had a total duration of 0.32 seconds, a dominant frequency of 4.6 kHz, and 9 distinct pulses (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9092746974FE23D15D" box="[353,401,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF90910B6974FDC6D122" box="[542,628,295,320]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF909382693CFD62D195" authority="Boettger, 1893" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,720,367,392]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleischmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF909382693CFDB9D195" box="[151,523,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9091086923FD7AD195" author="Boettger" box="[541,712,368,392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Boettger, O. (1893) Ein neuer Laubfrosch aus Costa Rica. Bericht der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main, 1893, 251 - 252." type="journal article" year="1893">Boettger, 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs by having light yellow spots in the dorsal skin, and a pericardial sac containing iridophores, (lacking light yellow spots in the dorsal skin, and having a transparent pericardial sac); the advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF90916969EAFC82D1CD" box="[636,816,439,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleischmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF90916969EAFC82D1CD" box="[636,816,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. fleischmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF90973569EAFB23D1CD" box="[1056,1169,439,464]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF90973569EAFB23D1CD" box="[1056,1169,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by being a rapid highpitched rising whistle. A single examined advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF909062698EFB99D1E8" box="[887,1067,476,501]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleischmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF909062698EFB99D1E8" box="[887,1067,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. fleischmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a small stream near
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF909648698FFF68D205" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Santa Elena</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Herédia Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF9092A36A53FD86D205" box="[438,564,511,536]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1400 masl, which is located approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD9FF90973D6A53FBDDD205" box="[1064,1135,511,536]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||
straight line distance from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD9FF9093D66A76FF41D220" box="[195,243,549,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9092936A76FD88D220" box="[390,570,548,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fleischmanni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9092936A76FD88D220" box="[390,570,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. fleischmanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of San José,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF9091CE6A77FCE9D220" box="[731,859,548,573]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, had a total duration of 0.17 seconds, a dominant frequency of 4.1 kHz, and lacking a pulsed intensity (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9090F86A14FBAFD27D" box="[1005,1053,583,608]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF90978B6A14FB42D242" box="[1182,1264,583,608]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9090536ADCFF68D2D1" authority="Lynch & Duellman, 1973" authorityName="Lynch & Duellman" authorityYear="1973" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pellucidum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9090536ADCFB1AD2B5" box="[838,1192,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9097A26ADCFF60D2D1" author="Lynch" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Lynch, J. D. & Duellman, W. E. (1973) A review of the centrolenid frogs of Ecuador, with descriptions of new species. The University of Kansas Museum of Natural History Occasional Papers, 16, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1973">Lynch & Duellman, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF90926D6AE6FD8ED2D1" box="[376,572,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Wen, A., Vasquez, N. & Castroviejo-Fisher, S. (2012) Description of the previously unknown advertisement calls of Hyalinobatrachium fragile, H. pellucidum, and Vitreorana antisthenesi (Amphibia: Centrolenidae). Zootaxa, 3480, 80 - 87." type="journal article">
|
||
Wen
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9092A76AE6FE51D2D0" box="[434,483,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
has a single tonal note advertisement call, with each note lasting 0.12–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF90964F6AE7FA38D2D0" box="[1370,1418,692,717]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.15">0.15</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s in duration, and having a dominate frequency of 4.86–5.41 kHz (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9097616A84FB16D2ED" box="[1140,1188,727,752]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9096336A84FACBD2F2" box="[1318,1401,727,752]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF90909E6B4CFA2ED325" authority="Taylor, 1952" authorityName="Taylor" authorityYear="1952" box="[907,1436,799,824]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talamancae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF90909E6B4CFB40D325" box="[907,1266,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium talamancae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9096146B4CFA26D325" author="Taylor" box="[1281,1428,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Taylor, E. H. (1952) A review of the frogs and toads of Costa Rica. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 35, 577 - 942." type="journal article" year="1952">Taylor, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has light yellow spots in the dorsal skin, and a distinct green mid-dorsal stripe (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9097016B17FB00D340" author="Kubicki" box="[1044,1202,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Kubicki, B. (2006) Rediscovery of the green-striped glass frog Hyalinobatrachium talamancae, (Anura Centrolenidae) in Costa Rica. Brenesia, 66, 25 - 30." type="journal article" year="2006">Kubicki 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9097AB6B17FB4AD341" author="Kubicki" box="[1214,1272,836,860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Kubicki, B. (2007) Ranas de Vidrio de Costa Rica / Costa Rica Glass Frogs. Editorial INBio, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica, 304 pp." type="book" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (lacking both light yellow spots in the dorsal skin and a distinct green mid-dorsal line);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9090D96B34FA83D39D" box="[972,1329,871,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talamancae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9090D96B34FA83D39D" box="[972,1329,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium talamancae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces a long whistle-like advertisement call, consisting of a single non-pulsed note. A single examined advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9093A36BE2FEEFD3D5" box="[182,349,943,968]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="talamancae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9093A36BE2FEEFD3D5" box="[182,349,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. talamancae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a small stream near Guayacán de Siquirres, Limón Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF90974B6BE3FB6ED3D5" box="[1118,1244,943,968]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 500 masl, had a total duration of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF90924F6B87FE21D3F1" box="[346,403,980,1004]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="5555" value="-0.3">0.3 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, and a dominant frequency of 4.9 kHz (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF90977F6B87FB28D3F0" box="[1130,1178,980,1005]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9096376B87FAC5D3F1" box="[1314,1399,980,1005]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9090976C4FFAE9D429" authority="Dunn, 1931" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1931" box="[898,1371,1052,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9090976C4FFB0ED428" box="[898,1212,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9097DE6C4FFAE1D429" author="Dunn" box="[1227,1363,1052,1076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1931) New frogs from Panama and Costa Rica. Occasional Papers of the Boston Society of Natural History, 5, 385 - 401." type="journal article" year="1931">Dunn, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a green reticulation of the dorsal skin, and a fully to partially white pigmented pericardial sac (lacking a green reticulation of the dorsal skin, and pericardial sac completely lacking white iridophores);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9097D46C37FF5CD4BD" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9097D46C37FF5CD4BD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces a short “peep” advertisement call. A single examined advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9097DE6CDAFAF4D4BD" box="[1227,1350,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9097DE6CDAFAF4D4BD" box="[1227,1350,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a small stream near Guayacán de Siquirres, Limón Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF9090236CFFFC06D4D8" box="[822,948,1196,1221]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD9FF9090AA6CFFFBB5D4D9" box="[959,1031,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l., had a total duration of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9096476CFFFA24D4D9" box="[1362,1430,1196,1221]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.05">0.05 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, and a dominant frequency of 7.5 kHz (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9090596C9CFCCED4F5" box="[844,892,1231,1256]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9090EA6C9CFBE0D4F5" box="[1023,1106,1231,1256]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF90912C6D44FB6FD52D" authority="Starrett & Savage, 1973" authorityName="Starrett & Savage" authorityYear="1973" box="[569,1245,1303,1328]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vireovittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF90912C6D44FC03D52D" box="[569,945,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD9FF9090D46D4BFB67D52D" author="Starrett" box="[961,1237,1304,1328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" refString="Starrett, P. H. & Savage, J. M. (1973) The systematic status and distribution of Costa Rican glass-frogs, genus Centrolenella (Family Centrolenidae), with description of a new species. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 72, 57 - 78." type="journal article" year="1973">Starrett & Savage, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has light yellow spots in the dorsal skin, and a distinct green mid-dorsal line bordered on both sides by yellow paravertebral stripes (lacking both light yellow spots in the dorsal skin and a distinct green mid-dorsal line bordered on both sides by yellow paravertebral stripes);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9092E56DD7FCD9D581" box="[496,875,1412,1437]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vireovittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9092E56DD7FCD9D581" box="[496,875,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces a long whistle-like advertisement call, consisting of a single non-pulsed note. A single examined advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD9FF9097566DFAFB4ED5DD" box="[1091,1276,1449,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vireovittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9097566DFAFB4ED5DD" box="[1091,1276,1449,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">H. vireovittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a small stream northwest of Palmar Norte, Puntarenas Province,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD9FF9090036D9FFC26D5F8" box="[790,916,1484,1509]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 550 masl, had a total duration of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9096016D9FFAD4D5F9" box="[1300,1382,1484,1509]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.264">0.264 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, and a dominant frequency of 4.6 kHz (total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9090216DBCFCD6D615" box="[820,868,1519,1544]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s [average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD9FF9090E56DBCFBF7D615" box="[1008,1093,1519,1544]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity, lacking distinct pulses, and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz [average 3.39 kHz]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFD9FF9D93D26E0FFEC9D6AA" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="80" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD9FF9093D26E0FFAE0D788" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD9FF9093D26E0FFE54D668" bold="true" box="[199,486,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD9FF90926D6E0FFE53D668" box="[376,481,1628,1653]" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Adult male having a SVL of
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD9FF9090236E0FFC2CD669" box="[822,926,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="28.5">28.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head slightly wider than body, with greatest width just posterior to the articulation of the jaws; upper lip round in dorsal outline, not flared; snout raised anterodorsally, truncate in dorsal outline and profile; snout short with nearly terminal protuberant nostrils directed laterally; internarial area concave. Eyes large and directed forward. Top of head flat; canthus rostralis distinct; intercanthal area slightly concave, loreal region slightly concave. Skin on all dorsal and lateral surfaces of head moderately granular; tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus indistinct, covered in skin. A weak but discernible supratympanic fold is present. Upper surfaces of body and limbs granular. Flanks smooth to weakly granular, especially along the anterior flank region; skin on the chin smooth. Skin of the chest, ventral surfaces of the body, and thighs weakly granular; skin of the groin and ventral surfaces of the arms and lower legs nearly smooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD9FF9193D26FF2FDC1D29A" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,647]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||
Arms short, with forearm slightly enlarged; humeral spine absent; no distinct transverse dermal fold on wrist; a very weak white fleshy fringe extends from the elbow along the ventrolateral margin of forearm, metacarpus, and Finger IV to the base of the disc. Hands are large (HaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF91903F68CBFC37D0B2" box="[810,901,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 31.2% of SVL); fingers moderately long and robust with weak lateral fringes; discs on fingers truncate. Discs on fingers I, III, and IV nearly equal in width; disc on Finger I (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF919234688CFEC8D0E5" box="[289,378,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) minutely wider than discs on fingers III and IV; disc on Finger II narrowest (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9197CE68B3FA84D0E5" box="[1243,1334,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Nuptial excrescence (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD8FF9192246957FED1D101" box="[305,355,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
|
||
V), which is present as a small cluster of minute glandular granules on the basal to medial dorsolateral edge of Finger I; prepollex not enlarged and prepollical spine not protruding. Subarticular tubercles on fingers III and IV indistinct. Subarticular tubercles on fingers I and II distinct, round and slightly raised; supernumerary tubercles on the proximal side of subarticular tubercles on fingers I and II distinct, round and slightly raised. Other supernumerary tubercles indistinct; accessory palmar tubercles very weak to indistinct; thenar and palmar tubercles poorly developed, thenar ovoid and palmar round. Webbing absent between fingers I–II and basal between fingers II–III; moderate webbing found between fingers III–IV, reaching the proximal margin of the distal subarticular tubercle on Finger III and the distal margin of the subarticular tubercle on Finger IV. Webbing formula for between fingers III and IV:
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF9191416A75FD3BD222" box="[596,649,550,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9191416A75FDC7D222" bold="true" box="[596,629,550,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">III</emphasis>
|
||
2
|
||
</date>
|
||
-–2+
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9191AF6A75FD64D222" bold="true" box="[698,726,550,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">IV</emphasis>
|
||
. Finger lengths radiating from corresponding margin of palmar tubercle to the digit tip: Finger I (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9191366A18FD30D27E" box="[547,642,587,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), Finger II (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9190046A18FCDDD27E" box="[785,879,587,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
), Finger III (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9197136A19FBD7D27E" box="[1030,1125,586,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="6.9">6.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), and Finger IV (
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9196246A19FA22D27E" box="[1329,1424,586,611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.9">5.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
); relative lengths of fingers II <I <IV <III.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD8FF9193826E7AFC4CD67D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344541/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" targetBox="[151,1436,701,1555]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD8FF9193826E7AFC4CD67D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1576,1632]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9193826E7AFEA9D65D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1577,1600]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. Comparison of dorsal coloration between A)
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9190596E7BFB23D65D" box="[844,1169,1576,1600]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD8FF9190596E7BFB3FD65D" box="[844,1165,1576,1600]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
CRARC 1005, B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD8FF9196976E7AFEF3D67D" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9196976E7AFEF3D67D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
CRARC 1026, and C) a male paratype UCR 22036 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD8FF9190986E1AFC4BD67D" box="[909,1017,1608,1632]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">H. dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD8FF9193D26ED9FDDAD7F4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1673,2025]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
Legs relatively long and thin; tibiotarsal articulation extending well beyond tip of snout when hind limb adpressed; a very weak white fleshy fringe is present, originating on the heel and extending along ventrolateral margin of tarsus, metatarsus, and to base of Toe V; discs on toes slightly rounded to somewhat truncate; narrower than those on fingers, widest on toes IV and V (Toe I
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9191FF6EA5FCF0D713" box="[746,834,1782,1806]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Toe II
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9190836EA5FC5CD713" box="[918,1006,1782,1806]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Toe III 1.0 mm, Toe IV
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF91961C6EA5FAEDD713" box="[1289,1375,1782,1806]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Toe V
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD8FF9193A36F49FEA7D72F" box="[182,277,1818,1842]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
); subarticular tubercles under the toes small, round and slightly elevated; inner metatarsal tubercle elongate, slightly raised, outer metatarsal tubercle not well distinguished from the numerous small accessory tubercles; slight inner tarsal fold present; toes moderately webbed, webbing extending to penultimate phalanges on one margin on four toes; web margin slightly concave; toes webbing formula:
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF9197106FDBFB97D7BC" box="[1029,1061,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9197106FDBFBA2D7BC" bold="true" box="[1029,1040,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">I</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
3/4–2
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF9197666FDBFB2CD7BC" box="[1139,1182,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9197666FDBFB3BD7BC" bold="true" box="[1139,1161,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">II</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/4–2+
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF9197E16FDBFA98D7BC" box="[1268,1322,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9197E16FDBFAA7D7BC" bold="true" box="[1268,1301,1928,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">III</emphasis>
|
||
1
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/2–2 3/4
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF9193826FFFFF79D7D8" box="[151,203,1964,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9193826FFFFF04D7D8" bold="true" box="[151,182,1964,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">IV</emphasis>
|
||
2
|
||
</date>
|
||
1/2–1 1/
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD8FF91923B6FFEFEEED7D9" box="[302,348,1964,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD8FF9192516FFFFEE7D7D8" bold="true" box="[324,341,1964,1989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">V</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</date>
|
||
Cloacal opening directed posteriorly at mid-level of thighs with a concentration of small weakly enameled (white) tubercles below cloaca.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D268CBFF4FD100" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Tongue round in shape, lacking a distinct posterior notch; prevomerine dentigerous processes and teeth absent; choanae moderately large, rounded on posterior half, but flat on anterior half, hemispherical; paired elongate vocal slits present, extending from posterolateral base of tongue towards the angle of the jaw; vocal sac single, median, subgular.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D2697BFC5ED195" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
||
A dark oblong spherical structure is found under the skin of the lower back, to left of the center axis of the body in the pelvic region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD7FF9E92D6691FFDBAD178" box="[451,520,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,255,1236,1259]" captionTargetBox="[217,1369,446,1214]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[217,1369,446,1214]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dark oblong spherical structure of dorsal pelvic region (male holotype UCR 22038)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344542/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). This structure has been observed in all of the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD7FF9E97D4691FFF56D195" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD7FF9E97D4691FFF56D195" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
examined during this study, whether it serves a function is unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD7FF9E93826C87FB17D4F6" box="[151,1189,1236,1259]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344542/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" targetBox="[217,1369,446,1214]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93826C87FB17D4F6" blockId="8.[151,1189,1236,1259]" box="[151,1189,1236,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD7FF9E93826C87FEA0D4F6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1236,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. Dark oblong spherical structure of dorsal pelvic region (male holotype UCR 22038).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D26D44FCFED630" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD7FF9E93D26D44FE2ED52D" bold="true" box="[199,412,1303,1328]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal background color uniform Lime Green (105), lacking light yellow spots. Granules of dorsal skin often with a slightly lighter shade, varying from Pale Greenish White (97) to Light Yellow Green (87), subject to metachrosis. The hands and feet have a Pale Greenish Yellow (86) coloration, especially concentrated on the digits and webbing. The iris has a white background color with darker pigments in the form of fine to moderate-sized spots, or a even a fine reticulation in some individuals. The dark spotting or reticulation of the iris is Fuscous (283), and it typically becomes more concentrated directly surrounding the horizontally elliptical pupil. Directly below the cloaca there is a concentration of weakly white-pigmented tubercles. The subdermal oblong spherical structure of the dorsal pelvic region is black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D26E64FE91D6A1" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">The ventral skin of the body is transparent; parietal peritoneum transparent; parietal pericardium transparent; bones white. The bulbous liver and digestive organs are covered in white peritonea. The heart and ventral vein are blood red. Lungs transparent, but with a network of red blood vessels. The gall bladder is transparent Sulphur Yellow (91).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D26E94FD61D735" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD7FF9E93D26E94FDB4D6FD" bold="true" box="[199,518,1735,1760]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Coloration in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
The green dorsal coloration has faded to a pale cream-yellow. The only noticeable contrasting structures of the dorsum are the dark star-shaped melanophores, and the dark colored oblong spherical structure under the dorsal skin of the pelvic region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD7FF9E93D26F67FF6DD7A5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1303,1977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD7FF9E93D26F67FEC4D750" bold="true" box="[199,374,1844,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD7FF9E92916F67FE43D750" box="[388,497,1844,1869]" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E91226F67FD2CD751" box="[567,670,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7399999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="27.4">27.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; HW
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E91CA6F67FCF7D751" box="[735,837,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="10.7">10.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 37.5 % of SVL; HL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E97206F67FB3FD751" box="[1077,1165,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="8.6">8.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 30.2% of SVL; TI 17.0 mm, 59.6% of SVL; FL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E92BD6F0BFDBCD772" box="[424,526,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="12.2">12.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 42.8% of SVL; HaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E90166F0BFCE8D772" box="[771,858,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="8.9">8.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 31.2% of SVL; IOD
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E975A6F0BFB15D772" box="[1103,1191,1880,1904]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 10.9% of SVL;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD7FF9E96766F0BFA2FD772" box="[1379,1437,1880,1903]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="77">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E93826F2FFF5DD789" box="[151,239,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 9.1% of SVL; FoL 6.0 mm, 21.1% of SVL; TaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E900F6F2FFCC0D789" box="[794,882,1916,1940]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="9.1">9.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 31.9% of SVL; EL 3.0 mm; DW
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD7FF9E97E46F2FFAFAD789" box="[1265,1352,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 53.3% of EL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD6FF9F938268C8FC55D0AF" box="[151,999,155,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD6FF9F938268C8FC55D0AF" blockId="9.[151,999,155,178]" box="[151,999,155,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F938268C8FEB8D0AF" bold="true" box="[151,266,155,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Morpohmetric data for the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD6FF9F91D368C8FC51D0AF" box="[710,995,155,178]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD6FF9F938A6883FAFDD265" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<table id="F95BDAE3FFD60069938A6883FAC7D265" box="[159,1397,208,632]" gridcols="8" gridrows="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6883FAC7D119" box="[159,1397,208,260]" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6883FEBFD119" box="[159,269,208,260]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Trait (mm)</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006992226883FE02D119" box="[311,432,208,260]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22038 (Hloltype)</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6883FDFAD119" box="[462,584,208,260]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22033</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006991736883FD52D119" box="[614,736,208,260]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22034</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6883FCCAD119" box="[766,888,208,260]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22035</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006990836883FBBDD119" box="[918,1039,208,260]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22036</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6883FB1AD119" box="[1070,1192,208,260]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">UCR 22037</th>
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36883FAC7D119" box="[1222,1397,208,260]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Average (range)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A694BFAC7D133" box="[159,1397,280,302]" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A694BFEBFD133" box="[159,269,280,302]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD600699222694BFE02D133" box="[311,432,280,302]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">28.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB694BFDFAD133" box="[462,584,280,302]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">29.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD600699173694BFD52D133" box="[614,736,280,302]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">28.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB694BFCCAD133" box="[766,888,280,302]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">27.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD600699083694BFBBDD133" box="[918,1039,280,302]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">29.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B694BFB1AD133" box="[1070,1192,280,302]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">28.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D3694BFAC7D133" box="[1222,1397,280,302]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">28.62(27.8–29.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6912FAC7D14A" box="[159,1397,321,343]" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6912FEBFD14A" box="[159,269,321,343]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">HW</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992226912FE02D14A" box="[311,432,321,343]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6912FDFAD14A" box="[462,584,321,343]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991736912FD52D14A" box="[614,736,321,343]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6912FCCAD14A" box="[766,888,321,343]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006990836912FBBDD14A" box="[918,1039,321,343]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6912FB1AD14A" box="[1070,1192,321,343]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36912FAC7D14A" box="[1222,1397,321,343]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">10.48(10.3–10.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6939FAC7D19D" box="[159,1397,362,384]" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6939FEBFD19D" box="[159,269,362,384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992226939FE02D19D" box="[311,432,362,384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6939FDFAD19D" box="[462,584,362,384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991736939FD52D19D" box="[614,736,362,384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6939FCCAD19D" box="[766,888,362,384]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006990836939FBBDD19D" box="[918,1039,362,384]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6939FB1AD19D" box="[1070,1192,362,384]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36939FAC7D19D" box="[1222,1397,362,384]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.68(8.5–8.9)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A69C7FAC7D1B7" box="[159,1397,404,426]" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A69C7FEBFD1B7" box="[159,269,404,426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">TI</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069922269C7FE02D1B7" box="[311,432,404,426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">17.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB69C7FDFAD1B7" box="[462,584,404,426]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">16.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069917369C7FD52D1B7" box="[614,736,404,426]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">16.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB69C7FCCAD1B7" box="[766,888,404,426]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">16.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069908369C7FBBDD1B7" box="[918,1039,404,426]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">17.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B69C7FB1AD1B7" box="[1070,1192,404,426]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">17.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D369C7FAC7D1B7" box="[1222,1397,404,426]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">16.7(16.1–17.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A69EEFAC7D1CE" box="[159,1397,445,467]" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A69EEFEBFD1CE" box="[159,269,445,467]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">FL</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069922269EEFE02D1CE" box="[311,432,445,467]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB69EEFDFAD1CE" box="[462,584,445,467]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069917369EEFD52D1CE" box="[614,736,445,467]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB69EEFCCAD1CE" box="[766,888,445,467]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">11.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069908369EEFBBDD1CE" box="[918,1039,445,467]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">13.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B69EEFB1AD1CE" box="[1070,1192,445,467]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D369EEFAC7D1CE" box="[1222,1397,445,467]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">12.48(11.8–13.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A69B5FAC7D1E1" box="[159,1397,486,508]" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A69B5FEBFD1E1" box="[159,269,486,508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">HaL</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069922269B5FE02D1E1" box="[311,432,486,508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB69B5FDFAD1E1" box="[462,584,486,508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069917369B5FD52D1E1" box="[614,736,486,508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB69B5FCCAD1E1" box="[766,888,486,508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069908369B5FBBDD1E1" box="[918,1039,486,508]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B69B5FB1AD1E1" box="[1070,1192,486,508]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D369B5FAC7D1E1" box="[1222,1397,486,508]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">8.98(8.5–9.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6A43FAC7D23B" box="[159,1397,528,550]" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6A43FEBFD23B" box="[159,269,528,550]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">IOD</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992226A43FE02D23B" box="[311,432,528,550]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6A43FDFAD23B" box="[462,584,528,550]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991736A43FD52D23B" box="[614,736,528,550]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6A43FCCAD23B" box="[766,888,528,550]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006990836A43FBBDD23B" box="[918,1039,528,550]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6A43FB1AD23B" box="[1070,1192,528,550]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36A43FAC7D23B" box="[1222,1397,528,550]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">3.1(2.6–3.4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6A6AFAC7D252" box="[159,1397,569,591]" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6A6AFEBFD252" box="[159,269,569,591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">END</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992226A6AFE02D252" box="[311,432,569,591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6A6AFDFAD252" box="[462,584,569,591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991736A6AFD52D252" box="[614,736,569,591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6A6AFCCAD252" box="[766,888,569,591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006990836A6AFBBDD252" box="[918,1039,569,591]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6A6AFB1AD252" box="[1070,1192,569,591]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36A6AFAC7D252" box="[1222,1397,569,591]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">2.42.2–2.7)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="356B2A01FFD60069938A6A31FAC7D265" box="[159,1397,610,632]" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<th id="76BA437DFFD60069938A6A31FEBFD265" box="[159,269,610,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">DW</th>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992226A31FE02D265" box="[311,432,610,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006992DB6A31FDFAD265" box="[462,584,610,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991736A31FD52D265" box="[614,736,610,632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006991EB6A31FCCAD265" box="[766,888,610,632]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006990836A31FBBDD265" box="[918,1039,610,632]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD60069973B6A31FB1AD265" box="[1070,1192,610,632]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76BA437DFFD6006997D36A31FAC7D265" box="[1222,1397,610,632]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">1.54(1.5–1.6)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD6FF9F93D26AEEFE03D303" blockId="9.[151,1436,701,942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F93D26AEEFE89D2CB" bold="true" box="[199,315,701,726]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The dark oblong spherical structure under the skin of the dorsal pelvic region showed slight variation in its orientation to the center axis of the body, being positioned slight off center to the left or right in the different
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD6FF9F93EB6B55FE9CD303" box="[254,302,774,798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD6FF9F93D26B7AFE6AD3B3" blockId="9.[151,1436,701,942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
The female paratopotype had more of an acute shape of the snout in lateral view compared to the truncate snout of the five males of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD6FF9F92FD6B1DFDAAD37B" box="[488,536,846,870]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series. Being that only one female is known for
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F97286B1EFAC1D37B" box="[1085,1395,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD6FF9F97286B1EFADDD37B" box="[1085,1391,845,870]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
we are unclear if this was simply a case of individual malformation, or if it is possible that this species shows sexual dimorphism in snout profile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD6FF9F93826F30FD95D7A7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344543/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" targetBox="[154,1427,1005,1866]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD6FF9F93826F30FD95D7A7" blockId="9.[151,1435,1890,1978]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F93826F30FEAED767" bold="true" box="[151,284,1891,1914]" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian phylogram showing phylogenetic relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD6FF9F90A66F31FB67D767" box="[947,1237,1890,1914]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F90A66F31FB67D767" box="[947,1237,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other Central American species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD6FF9F92906FD1FDE4D787" box="[389,598,1922,1946]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD6FF9F92906FD1FDE4D787" box="[389,598,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="78">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for which sequences were available. Bayesian posterior probability values (>0.9) are shown above the branches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD5FF9C93D268C4FD13D20E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C93D268C4FE03D0AD" bold="true" box="[199,433,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Molecular genetics.</emphasis>
|
||
Our studies have shown that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C901C68C4FB88D0AD" box="[777,1082,151,176]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C901C68C4FB88D0AD" box="[777,1082,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is highly divergent from other members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C928768E8FDDFD0C9" box="[402,621,187,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C928768E8FDDFD0C9" box="[402,621,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that have COI sequences available on GenBank (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD5FF9C978068E8FB6BD0C9" box="[1173,1241,187,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1891,1914]" captionTargetBox="[154,1427,1005,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,996,1870]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Bayesian phylogram showing phylogenetic relationships of Hyalinobatrachium dianae and other Central American species of Hyalinobatrachium for which sequences were available. Bayesian posterior probability values (> 0.9) are shown above the branches." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344543/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The conger that presents the closest relationship to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C913C68B3FD28D0EA" box="[553,666,222,247]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C913C68B3FD28D0EA" box="[553,666,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C91AA68B3FCFAD0EA" box="[703,840,222,247]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C91AA68B3FCFAD0EA" box="[703,840,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(12.4%). Despite the relatively low number of COI sequences for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C922D6951FDA1D106" box="[312,531,258,283]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C922D6951FDA1D106" box="[312,531,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on GenBank, a good representation of the species native to Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD5FF9C96076951FAC0D106" box="[1298,1394,258,283]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
are available, lacking only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C92B06974FDDDD123" box="[421,623,295,318]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureoguttatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C92B06974FDDDD123" box="[421,623,295,318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. aureoguttatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C91B96974FC9AD123" box="[684,808,293,318]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C91B96974FC9AD123" box="[684,808,293,318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We have included a COI sequence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C97E16974FAC3D123" box="[1268,1393,293,318]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C97E16974FAC3D123" box="[1268,1393,293,318]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for additional comparison. Being that our analysis only looked at a single gene (COI) we use our data to infer alphalevel differences among those species which have COI sequences available on GenBank, and do not attempt to imply any broader phylogenetic relationships. Lacking a larger sampling of South American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C97D469C3FA2ED1B4" box="[1217,1436,400,425]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C97D469C3FA2ED1B4" box="[1217,1436,400,425]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species sequenced for COI makes a phylogenetic assessment of this gene for the genus difficult at this time. One COI mtDNA sequence for both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C9104698BFD31D1ED" box="[529,643,471,496]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C9104698BFD31D1ED" box="[529,643,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(accession number:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9408B5A0FFD5FF9C90636984FC5CD1F2" box="[886,1006,471,495]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KJ703103" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">KJ703103</accessionNumber>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C9722698BFB06D1ED" box="[1079,1204,471,496]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="valerioi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C9722698BFB06D1ED" box="[1079,1204,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. valerioi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(accession number:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9408B5A0FFD5FF9C938269A9FEA8D20E" box="[151,282,506,531]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/KM925140" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">KM925140</accessionNumber>
|
||
) have been deposited in GenBank.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD5FF9C93D26A4EFE10D333" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C93D26A4EFE03D22B" bold="true" box="[199,433,541,566]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
Males of this species call at night from sites among the forest understory. Males have only been observed calling from the underside of the vegetation, but being that some other congeners can at times be observed calling from the upper leaf surface (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD5FF9C91A76A36FCE3D260" author="Kubicki" box="[690,849,613,638]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" refString="Kubicki, B. (2007) Ranas de Vidrio de Costa Rica / Costa Rica Glass Frogs. Editorial INBio, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica, 304 pp." type="book" year="2007">Kubicki 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it is possible that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C97336A36FAE7D263" box="[1062,1365,613,638]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C97336A36FAE7D263" box="[1062,1365,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males occasionally call from the upper leaf surfaces as well. Calling males have been observed overhanging the ground instead of moving water like most centrolenids. The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C90C16AFEFBF0D2D8" box="[980,1090,684,709]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C90C16AFEFBF0D2D8" box="[980,1090,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is quite unique, it consists of a single tonal long metallic whistle-like note with a very rapid but weakly pulsed intensity. Despite having a weakly pulsed intensity, the advertisement calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C91966AA7FD41D311" box="[643,755,755,780]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C91966AA7FD41D311" box="[643,755,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks distinctly discernible pulses like those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C96016AA7FA2ED311" box="[1300,1436,755,780]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chirripoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C96016AA7FA2ED311" box="[1300,1436,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. chirripoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C93D36B44FE29D332" box="[198,411,790,815]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colymbiphyllum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C93D36B44FE29D332" box="[198,411,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. colymbiphyllum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD5FF9C93D26B69FAF8D4E6" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,1276]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
||
On
|
||
<date id="FFE50E83FFD5FF9C93E46B69FE01D34F" box="[241,435,825,850]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" value="2013-10-13">13 October 2013</date>
|
||
, nine advertisement calls were recorded from the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E096E1FFD5FF9C973E6B6AFB3FD34F" box="[1067,1165,825,850]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
prior to collection. The male was observed calling alongside a single egg mass, and positioned over a trail with a trickle of water flowing down its path due to recent rain showers; normally this trail is dry without flowing water. The calls were recorded at 20:15–20:30 hours: ambient temperature 22.7 C; relative humidity 95–100%. The advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C93826B94FE78D3FD" box="[151,458,967,992]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C93826B94FE78D3FD" box="[151,458,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has total duration of 0.40–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD5FF9C90066B94FCF1D3FD" box="[787,835,967,992]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" precision="555" value="-0.55">0.55</geoCoordinate>
|
||
s (average
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD5FF9C90C66B94FB98D3FD" box="[979,1066,967,992]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" precision="55" value="-0.501">0.501 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), and a dominant frequency of 3.35–3.44 kHz (average 3.39 kHz). The accompanying audiospectrograms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C90E96BBFFBDBD419" box="[1020,1129,1003,1028]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C90E96BBFFBDBD419" box="[1020,1129,1003,1028]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD5FF9C976C6BB8FB09D41E" box="[1145,1211,1003,1028]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,255,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[191,1387,1325,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[191,1395,1315,1981]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Audiospectrograms of two advertisement calls from the male holotype of Hyalinobtrachium dianae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344544/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) represent two calls from the nine that were recorded and measured for this study. Call 1 consisted of a single note, with a total duration of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6F4E84FFD5FF9C93A36C61FF48D457" box="[182,250,1074,1099]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" precision="555" value="-0.53">0.53 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
and having a dominant frequency of 3.43 kHz. Call 2 consisted of a single note, with a total duration of 0.52 seconds and having a dominant frequency of 3.4 kHz. The “pulses” of the advertisement call are so close together and weak that it is difficult to determine an exact number from visual examination of the audiospectrograms in Raven
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD5FF9C92C86CCFFDB8D4A8" box="[477,522,1180,1205]" name="Lithuania" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Lite</collectingCountry>
|
||
1.0. Our estimates from visual examination of the audiospectrograms included in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD5FF9C93826CECFF44D4C5" box="[151,246,1215,1240]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,255,2002,2025]" captionTargetBox="[191,1387,1325,1974]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[191,1395,1315,1981]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Audiospectrograms of two advertisement calls from the male holotype of Hyalinobtrachium dianae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344544/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
are 33 weak pulses in call 1, and 30 weak pulses in call 2. Extrapolation from this estimated number of pulses in the two advertisement calls examined would result in approximately 60 pulses per second of note.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD5FF9C93826F81FAFFD7F4" box="[151,1357,2001,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344544/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" targetBox="[191,1387,1325,1974]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD5FF9C93826F81FAFFD7F4" blockId="10.[151,1357,2001,2025]" box="[151,1357,2001,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C93826F81FEA0D7F4" bold="true" box="[151,274,2002,2025]" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
|
||
. Audiospectrograms of two advertisement calls from the male holotype of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD5FF9C97266F82FAF4D7F4" box="[1075,1350,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="79">
|
||
Hyalinobtrachium
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD5FF9C97E86F82FAF4D7F4" box="[1277,1350,2001,2025]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="79" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD4FF9D93826E65FBB0D650" box="[151,1026,1590,1613]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344545/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" targetBox="[185,1380,211,1553]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD4FF9D93826E65FBB0D650" blockId="11.[151,1026,1590,1613]" box="[151,1026,1590,1613]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D93826E65FEA0D650" bold="true" box="[151,274,1590,1613]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">FIGURE 8</emphasis>
|
||
. Audiospectrograms of the closest related congeners from Costa Rica.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD4FF9D93D26E29FEC9D6AA" blockId="11.[151,1437,1658,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
||
Audiospectrograms of related Costa Rican congeners to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD4FF9D909D6E29FB70D68E" box="[904,1218,1658,1683]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D909D6E29FB70D68E" box="[904,1218,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are provided for comparison (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD4FF9D923C6ECDFEDFD6AA" box="[297,365,1694,1719]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1590,1613]" captionTargetBox="[185,1380,211,1553]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[185,1402,194,1569]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Audiospectrograms of the closest related congeners from Costa Rica." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344545/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFD4FF9A93D26E91FBDFD205" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD4FF9D93D26E91FBD1D776" blockId="11.[151,1437,1658,2007]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D93D26E91FEFCD6C6" bold="true" box="[199,334,1730,1755]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
We propose the name “
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D91486E91FD0AD6C6" box="[605,696,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD4FF9D91486E91FD03D6C6" box="[605,689,1730,1755]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in dedication to the senior author’s mother, Janet Diane Kubicki, who always encouraged Brian’s life-long interest with natural history and especially fishes and amphibians. Additionally alluding to the Roman goddess of the hunt, wild animals and woodlands, Diana, who was believed to have a preference of dwelling in sacred forests on high mountains. This being in relation to our own “hunt” among Costa Rica’s mountainous forests to better understand the amphibians dwelling within.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD4FF9A93D26F25FBDFD205" blockId="11.[151,1437,1658,2007]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,536]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D93D26F25FE0CD792" bold="true" box="[199,446,1910,1935]" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD4FF9D92D06F25FD46D792" box="[453,756,1910,1935]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="80" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD4FF9D92D06F25FD46D792" box="[453,756,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="80">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a nocturnal frog that has been observed to inhabit mature secondary and primary humid forests with varying topography. This species has not been encountered in high densities, during evenings when we have encountered actively calling males typically only one to three individuals have been heard or observed at a particular site. Egg masses are laid on the underside of the leaf in a single layer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD3FF9A938A68EFFF51D0C9" box="[159,227,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 9. A" captionStartId="12.[151,255,1468,1491]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,590,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,590,1446]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. A male paratype (UCR 22033) of Hyalinobtrachium dianae attending two egg masses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344546/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). In nine masses that were counted, the number of eggs ranged from 31–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5DE3CAFFD3FF9A970568EFFB9ED0C8" box="[1040,1068,188,213]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="egg">68</specimenCount>
|
||
eggs. Males have been observed at night calling next to the egg masses on the underside of the vegetation between 0.5–5 meters above the ground. Males have also been noted to have the peculiar behavior of calling and/or attending egg masses over apparently dry forest substrate or dry washes instead of overhanging water, as is typical for members of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A9382691FFE8AD178" box="[151,312,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Centrolenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The sites from which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A9129691EFD1ED178" box="[572,684,332,357]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A9129691EFD1ED178" box="[572,684,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been observed calling and reproducing are located on sloping low areas in relative proximity to streams. It is possible these sites are chosen that in the event of heavy rains the surface runoff water will channel into these sloping low areas and provide flowing water connectivity to a nearby stream for any larvae that hatch. Our field observations (BK & SS) thus far have shown that this species has unpredictable calling activity, with calling males being heard on one night, then on a different night (even with apparently similar climatic and lunar conditions) not a single male can be heard calling.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD3FF9A93826DEFFB0CD5CE" box="[151,1214,1467,1491]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/344546/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" targetBox="[151,1436,590,1446]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD3FF9A93826DEFFB0CD5CE" blockId="12.[151,1214,1467,1491]" box="[151,1214,1467,1491]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A93826DEFFEA0D5CE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1468,1491]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
|
||
. A male paratype (UCR 22033) of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A91996DE8FC2DD5CE" box="[652,927,1467,1491]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
||
Hyalinobtrachium
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A90436DE8FC2DD5CE" box="[854,927,1467,1491]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">dianae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
attending two egg masses.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFD3FF9A93D26DAFFB71D6F1" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD3FF9A93D26DAFFB71D6F1" blockId="12.[151,1437,1532,1989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A93D26DAFFED2D608" bold="true" box="[199,352,1532,1557]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is only known from three sites along the Caribbean foothills of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD3FF9A97A26DAEFA86D608" box="[1207,1332,1532,1557]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, between the vicinity of Santa Clara, Heredia Province and the headwaters of Río Victoria, Limón Province.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A93826E17FE74D640" box="[151,454,1604,1629]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A93826E17FE74D640" box="[151,454,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been observed at elevations between
|
||
<quantity id="4CA385A6FFD3FF9A908E6E16FB8AD640" box="[923,1080,1604,1629]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" unit="m" value="650.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="400.0">
|
||
400 to
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5DE3CAFFD3FF9A90FF6E16FB8AD640" box="[1002,1080,1604,1629]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="generic">900 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.a.s.l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136034C6FFD3FF9A976E6E17FB7DD640" box="[1147,1231,1604,1629]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1420,1443]" captionTargetBox="[153,1431,200,1395]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,194,1398]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Known distribution of Hyalinobatrachium dianae within the republic of Costa Rica. Red circle represents the type locality near Santa Clara, the blue circle represents the paratype locality at the headwaters of Quebrada Surubre, and the yellow circle represents the paratype locality at the headwaters of Rio Victoria. Light gray shaded area on the map represents 500 to 1500 masl. The dark gray shaded region represents area with an altitude above 1500 masl." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287921/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). The known sites for this species are within the life zones of Tropical Wet Forest and Tropical Premontane Rain Forest (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCA55B2FFD3FF9A963C6E3BFF61D6B8" author="Holdridge" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" refString="Holdridge, L. R. (1967) Life Zone Ecology. Revised Edition. Tropical Science Center, San Jose, Costa Rica, 206 pp." type="book" year="1967">Holdridge 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is likely that this species ranges further to the northwest and to the southeast along the same Caribbean foothills of the Cordillera Volcanica Central and the Cordillera de Talamanca within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD3FF9A97456EE3FB7CD6D4" box="[1104,1230,1712,1737]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
. It is also possible that the distribution of this species extends on to the Caribbean slopes of northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD3FF9A97766E86FB0DD6F1" box="[1123,1215,1749,1772]" name="Panama" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3417BC8FFD3FF9B93D26EABFE24D6E0" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="82" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD3FF9A93D26EABFAA0D7D9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1532,1989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A93D26EABFE89D70C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1784,1809]" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Most of the known geographic range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A90126EABFB85D70C" box="[775,1079,1784,1809]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A90126EABFB85D70C" box="[775,1079,1784,1809]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is covered by large intact tracts of premontane rainforests along the Caribbean slopes of the Central Volcanic and Talamancan mountain ranges of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD3FF9A93826F13FEA6D744" box="[151,276,1856,1881]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
where several protected areas exists under the National System of Areas of Conservation (Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion, SINAC). Very few roads grant access to the overall region that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD3FF9A96046F36FA30D760" box="[1297,1410,1892,1917]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD3FF9A96046F36FA30D760" box="[1297,1410,1892,1917]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="81">H. dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known to inhabit, so in the near future we foresee only very limited human threats to this species. How potential infectious disease and climatic change might affect this species in the future is unclear at this moment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2478CBFFD2FF9B93826DDFFAFBD61E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/287921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" targetBox="[153,1431,200,1395]" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD2FF9B93826DDFFAFBD61E" blockId="13.[151,1436,1419,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD2FF9B93826DDFFE92D5BE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1420,1443]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">FIGURE 10</emphasis>
|
||
. Known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD2FF9B91366DD8FCF1D5BE" box="[547,835,1419,1443]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD2FF9B91366DD8FCF1D5BE" box="[547,835,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the republic of Costa Rica. Red circle represents the type locality near Santa Clara, the blue circle represents the paratype locality at the headwaters of Quebrada Surubre, and the yellow circle represents the paratype locality at the headwaters of Rio Victoria. Light gray shaded area on the map represents 500 to 1500 masl. The dark gray shaded region represents area with an altitude above 1500 masl.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE42843FFD2FF9B93D26E62FE24D6E0" blockId="13.[151,1437,1584,1789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">
|
||
We relate the recent discovery of this species in part to the fact that its known distribution lies in an area that has remained relatively unexplored due to the limited access. Additional factors that may have led to the recent discovery of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5B53C0FFD2FF9B92206E2BFDD8D68C" box="[309,618,1656,1681]" class="Amphibia" family="Centrolenidae" genus="Hyalinobatrachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="82" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dianae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92FF451FFD2FF9B92206E2BFDD8D68C" box="[309,618,1656,1681]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Hyalinobatrachium dianae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
include its unusual call, being more similar to an insect than other centrolenids known to inhabit
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34C68D3FFD2FF9B92FF6ECEFDD5D6A8" box="[490,615,1692,1717]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="13" pageNumber="82">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and our observations that have shown this species exhibits unpredictable calling activity, in which it can be more common to visit a site and not hear calling males than it is to arrive at a site and find calling males.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |