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<document id="26A6B48BFFE25E084055CE0D8B7A7463" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.3.3" ID-CLB-Dataset="38780" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f6d7f585-fcbc-4964-beb6-5d4b9a4b79bb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="265911" ID-ZooBank="1B27FB55-942A-4FCB-93D6-F9417D1BC035" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466405314449" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Calheira, Ludimila &amp; Pinheiro, Ulisses" docDate="2016" docId="03EF6658F138FF97FF05F91DFD3A8808" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4126.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4126 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera Ezcurra de Drago 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="366" masterDocId="FFD61E20F131FF98FF92FF98FFC48C4E" masterDocTitle="Corvoheteromeyenia Ezcurra de Drago, 1979 (Spongillidae, Porifera): Genus review with proposal of neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)" masterLastPageNumber="374" masterPageNumber="351" pageNumber="360" updateTime="1698663066166" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A49CE2B645EBE00CF9B8C289608C2898">Corvoheteromeyenia Ezcurra de Drago, 1979 (Spongillidae, Porifera): Genus review with proposal of neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="515D77CBF8F3592C5CABDD68F2400872">Calheira, Ludimila</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="73250099A4D293B3807A7752899D071D">Pinheiro, Ulisses</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03EF6658F138FF97FF05F91DFD3A8808" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510398" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120829072" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EF6658F138FF97FF05F91DFD3A8808" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EF6658F138FF97FF05F91DFD3A8808" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F138FF91FF05F91DFE4D8A8E" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF138FF91FF05F91DFCB58AD1" blockId="9.[151,881,1669,1729]" box="[151,881,1669,1695]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<heading id="D0B16022F138FF91FF05F91DFCB58AD1" bold="true" box="[151,881,1669,1695]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF138FF91FF05F91DFCB58AD1" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,881,1669,1695]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FF05F91DFCB58AD1" bold="true" box="[151,881,1669,1695]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FF05F91DFDE98AD1" bold="true" box="[151,557,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
(Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF138FF91FF05F930FE4D8A8E" blockId="9.[151,881,1669,1729]" box="[151,393,1704,1729]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
(
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF138FF91FF0DF930FF2F8A8E" box="[159,235,1704,1729]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
–14; Tab. 1,2)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F138FF91FF05F969FC1A8B2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF138FF91FF05F969FBF18B48" blockId="9.[151,1436,1776,1890]" box="[151,1077,1776,1798]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF138FF91FF05F969FD1D8B48" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974: 233" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityPageNumber="233" authorityYear="1974" box="[151,729,1776,1798]" class="Demospongiae" family="Metaniidae" genus="Corvomeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FF05F969FE6B8B48" box="[151,431,1776,1798]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Corvomeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
Ezcurra de Drago, 1974: 233
</taxonomicName>
(part), Volkmer-Ribeiro 1981: 89.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF138FF91FF05F896FC1A8B2C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1776,1890]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB56F060F138FF91FF05F896FC1A8B2C" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF138FF91FF05F896FCF58B6A" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1979: 110" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityPageNumber="110" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,817,1806,1828]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FF05F896FE348B6A" box="[151,496,1806,1828]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
: Ezcurra de Drago, 1979: 110
</taxonomicName>
,?
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7F15FF138FF91FCD5F896FB628B6A" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[839,1190,1806,1829]" page="273" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF138FF91FCD5F896FBB68B6A" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[839,1138,1806,1829]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C., Mansur, M. C. D., Mera, P. A. S. &amp; Ross, S. M. (1998) Biological indicators in the aquatic habitats of the Ilha de Maraca, Roraima, Brazil. In: Miliken, W. &amp; Ratter, J. A. (Eds.), Maraca: The biodiversity and environment of an Amazonian rainforest. John Wiley &amp; Sons, New York, pp. 403 - 414." type="book chapter" year="1998">
Volkmer-Ribeiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FC6FF888FBE88B6A" box="[1021,1068,1806,1829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">et al</emphasis>
. 1998
</bibRefCitation>
: 273
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7F15FF138FF91FB21F896FEEB8B0D" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" page="644" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF138FF91FB21F896FF398B0D" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C., Correia, M. F., Brenha, S. L. A. &amp; Mendonca, M. A. (1999) Freshwater sponges from a Neotropical sand dune area. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 44, 643 - 649." type="journal article" year="1999">
Volkmer-Ribeiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FAF5F888FA528B6A" box="[1383,1430,1806,1829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">et al</emphasis>
. 1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 644
</treatmentCitation>
, Ezcurra de Drago 2004: 20,
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7F15FF138FF91FDCBF8B5FC6D8B0D" author="Manconi" box="[601,937,1837,1859]" page="3237" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="2005">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF138FF91FDCBF8B5FCAE8B0D" author="Manconi" box="[601,874,1837,1859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refString="Manconi, R. &amp; Pronzato, R. (2005) Freshwater sponges of the West Indies: Discovery of Spongillidae (Haplosclerida, Spongillina) from Cuba with biogeographic notes and a checklist for the Caribbean area. Journal of Natural History, 39 (36), 3235 - 3253. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930500307327" type="journal article" year="2005">Manconi &amp; Pronzato 2005</bibRefCitation>
: 3237
</treatmentCitation>
, Volkmer-Ribeiro 2007: 119,
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7F15FF138FF91FB45F8B5FE508B2C" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" page="239" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF138FF91FB45F8B5FEA58B2C" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Machado, V. S. (2008) Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera. In: Machado, A. B. M. &amp; Drummond, G. M. &amp; Paglia, A. P. (Eds.), Livro vermelho da fauna brasileira ameacada de extincao. MMA, Brasilia, pp. 239 - 240." type="book chapter" year="2008">Volkmer-Ribeiro &amp; Machado 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 239
</treatmentCitation>
,
<treatmentCitation id="0AE7F15FF138FF91FE0CF8D4FD168B2C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3509569" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3509569" author="Nicacio" box="[414,722,1868,1890]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0381878FFFFD9914FF08FD3E75A0E34C" page="222" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF138FF91FE0CF8D4FD648B2C" author="Nicacio" box="[414,672,1868,1890]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" refString="Nicacio, G. &amp; Pinheiro, U. (2015) Biodiversity of freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillina) from northeast Brazil: new species and notes on systematic. Zootaxa, 3981 (2), 220 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3981.2.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Nicacio &amp; Pinheiro 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 222
</treatmentCitation>
, Pinheiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FCAAF8D5FCAF8B2C" box="[824,875,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">et al.</emphasis>
2015: 449.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F138FF91FF05F816FAC98B85" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF138FF91FF05F816FAC98B85" blockId="9.[151,1436,1934,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF138FF91FF05F816FD208BE9" bold="true" box="[151,740,1934,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF138FF91FE19F816FE298BE9" box="[395,493,1934,1959]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
(designated herein).
</emphasis>
UFPEPOR 975 / 1349, Pirangi River, Jaqueira, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF138FF91FF4EF82AFEE78B85" box="[220,291,1970,1995]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="360">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F138FF91FEBDF82AFE0C8B85" box="[303,456,1970,1995]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" precision="1" value="-8.748055">08°44’53.0”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F138FF91FE5DF82AFDB08B85" box="[463,628,1970,1995]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" precision="1" value="-35.814194">35°48’51.1”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. G. Nicacio,
<date id="FFF8F18EF138FF91FCA9F82AFC7F8B85" box="[827,955,1970,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" value="2010-12-12">12.xii.2010</date>
/ coll. U. Pinheiro,
<date id="FFF8F18EF138FF91FB0AF82BFACE8B85" box="[1176,1290,1971,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="360" value="2012-05-23">23.v.2012</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13BFF92FF05F8FDFDEC8BB8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265917/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" targetBox="[185,1402,193,1874]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13BFF92FF05F8FDFDEC8BB8" blockId="10.[151,1436,1893,2038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13BFF92FF05F8FDFED78B34" bold="true" box="[151,275,1893,1915]" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13BFF92FCE9F8FDFED98BD4" authority="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, 1966" authorityName="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1966" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="10" pageNumber="361" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13BFF92FCE9F8FDFB6A8B35" box="[891,1198,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="361">Corvoheteromeyenia australis</emphasis>
(Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, 1966)
</taxonomicName>
(ZMAPOR 15888). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Detail of the shaft of megascleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13AFF93FF05FAA9FBE489CA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265918/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" targetBox="[151,1432,193,1298]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13AFF93FF05FAA9FBE489CA" blockId="11.[151,1436,1329,1412]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13AFF93FF05FAA9FED08909" bold="true" box="[151,276,1329,1351]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13AFF93FCE4FAA9FEE08928" authority="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, 1966" authorityName="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1966" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13AFF93FCE4FAA9FB6F8909" box="[886,1195,1329,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Corvoheteromeyenia australis</emphasis>
(Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, 1966)
</taxonomicName>
(ZMAPOR 15888). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. (C) Well developed, tri-layered gemmular theca. (D) Foramen of gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 200 µm, C 30 µm, D 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13AFF93FF55FA29FF278A5C" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13AFF93FF55FA29FF278A5C" blockId="11.[151,1437,1457,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13AFF93FF55FA29FEFF8984" bold="true" box="[199,315,1457,1482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Remarks.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF13AFF93FEEAFA2AFE158984" box="[376,465,1458,1482]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
consists of two samples of the same specimen (UFPEPOR 975; 1349). The samples were collected at different dates (years
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FDF4FA4EFCD389A0" box="[614,791,1493,1518]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2010" valueMax="2012">2010 and 2012</date>
) which makes possible comparison of different growth stages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13AFF93FF55F985FD298BD0" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13AFF93FF55F985FD298BD0" blockId="11.[151,1437,1457,2022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13AFF93FF55F985FD918A78" bold="true" box="[199,597,1565,1590]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Comparative material examined.</emphasis>
UFPEPOR 1764, 1768, 1771, 1772, 1773, 1774, 1775, coll. U. Pinheiro,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FF05F9D9FECB8A14" box="[151,271,1601,1626]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2010-04-06">06.iv.2010</date>
, UFPEPOR 1102, 1104, 1108, 1109, 1119, 1138, coll. U. Pinheiro,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FBB9F9D9FB588A14" box="[1067,1180,1601,1626]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2010-05-05">05.v.2010</date>
, São Francisco River, Bahia State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FEA0F9FDFEBD8A30" box="[306,377,1637,1662]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FE19F9FEFDD78A30" box="[395,531,1638,1662]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="15" value="-9.375">09°22’30’’S</geoCoordinate>
38°13’58’W. UFPEPOR 1095, 1096 (part), Capibaribe River, Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FD93F911FD8C8AEC" box="[513,584,1673,1698]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FDC7F912FD2A8AEC" box="[597,750,1674,1698]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-8.0465">08°02’47.4”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FD65F911FC5F8AEC" box="[759,923,1673,1698]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-34.994972">34°59’41.9”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. G. Nicacio,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FBFAF912FB188AEC" box="[1128,1244,1674,1698]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2010-10-24">24.x.2010</date>
. UFPEPOR 981, 982, 983, coll. G. Nicacio,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FE45F935FD9E8A88" box="[471,602,1709,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2010-12-12">12.xii.2010</date>
, UFPEPOR 1347, coll. U. Pinheiro,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FB9EF936FBB98A88" box="[1036,1149,1710,1734]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2012-05-23">23.v.2012</date>
, Pirangi River, Jaqueira, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FE16F949FE0F8AA4" box="[388,459,1745,1770]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FE73F949FDBE8AA4" box="[481,634,1745,1770]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-8.748055">08°44’53.0”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FD19F949FCF58AA4" box="[651,817,1745,1770]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-35.814194">35°48’51.1”W</geoCoordinate>
. UFPEPOR 1144, 1145, 1146, 1147, 1148, 1149, Sirinhaém River, Cortês, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FD3DF96DFD328B40" box="[687,758,1781,1806]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FC9AF96DFC558B40" box="[776,913,1781,1806]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-8.501805">08º30’6.5”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FC0DF96DFB858B40" box="[927,1089,1781,1806]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-35.524612">35º31’28.6”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. G. Nicacio,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FAB7F96DFA5D8B40" box="[1317,1433,1781,1806]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2011-02-06">06.ii.2011</date>
. UFPEPOR 1174, 1175, 1176, 1177, 1178, Pajeú River, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FB5DF881FAD28B7C" box="[1231,1302,1817,1842]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FABAF881FA588B7C" box="[1320,1436,1817,1842]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="15" value="-7.9686112">07º58’7”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FF05F8A5FEFD8B18" box="[151,313,1853,1878]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-38.32322">38º19’23,6”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. G. Nicacio,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FD9DF8A5FD558B18" box="[527,657,1853,1878]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2011-07-17">17.vii.2011</date>
. UFPEPOR 1299, Pajeú River, Floresta, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FAC3F8A5FA5C8B18" box="[1361,1432,1853,1878]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FF05F8F9FEE98B34" box="[151,301,1889,1914]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-8.606444">08º36’23.2”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FEA4F8FAFE1C8B34" box="[310,472,1890,1914]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="1" value="-38.572693">38º34’21.7”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. L.R.C. Lima,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FD28F8FAFCE88B34" box="[698,812,1890,1914]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2011-10-10">10.x.2011</date>
. UFPEPOR 1928, Jaguaribe River, Ceará State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13AFF93FAC2F8F9FA538B34" box="[1360,1431,1889,1914]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FF05F81DFEE48BD0" box="[151,288,1925,1950]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="15" value="-5.4975">05°29’51’’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13AFF93FEB4F81DFE728BD0" box="[294,438,1925,1950]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" precision="15" value="-38.446945">38°26’49”W</geoCoordinate>
, coll. R. Farias,
<date id="FFF8F18EF13AFF93FDFEF81DFD2D8BD0" box="[620,745,1925,1950]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" value="2015-03-17">17.iii.2015</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13AFF94FF55F831FE778C9B" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="11" pageNumber="362" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13AFF94FF55F831FE778C9B" blockId="11.[151,1437,1457,2022]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="363" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13AFF93FF55F831FE7D8B8C" bold="true" box="[199,441,1961,1986]" pageId="11" pageNumber="362">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
Sponge with encrusting, massive to arborescent shape, megascleres are microspined oxeas, rarely smooth; microscleres are in three categories: one acanthoxeas and two pseudobirotules; gemmuloscleres are birotules radially inserted in the theca of gemmules (modified from Ezcurra de Drago 1974 as indicated by underscore).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13DFF94FF05FB6CFC30892B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" targetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13DFF94FF05FB6CFC30892B" blockId="12.[151,1436,1268,1381]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FF05FB6CFED78947" bold="true" box="[151,275,1268,1290]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Morphological variation of the specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13DFF94FD7AFB6CFA8B8944" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1974" box="[744,1359,1268,1290]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FD7AFB6CFB858944" box="[744,1089,1268,1290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
(Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)
</taxonomicName>
. (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1cm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13DFF94FF55FA14FB3B8A5C" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13DFF94FF55FA14FDE389A0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1420,2022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FF55FA14FEFF89EB" bold="true" box="[199,315,1420,1445]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Remarks.</emphasis>
In addition to the observation of massive and arborescent shape from specimens (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13DFF94FB62FA14FAF089EB" box="[1264,1332,1420,1445]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A–I), the main change in the diagnosis is the inclusion of acanthoxeas microscleres, interpreted by Ezcurra de Drago (1974) as a variation of other microscleres.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13DFF94FF55FA61FB3B8A5C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1420,2022]" box="[199,1279,1529,1554]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FF55FA61FEA38A5C" bold="true" box="[199,359,1529,1554]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Typo locality.</emphasis>
Pirangi River, Jaqueira, Pernambuco State,
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13DFF94FCC6FA61FC5C8A5C" box="[852,920,1529,1554]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13DFF94FC3AFA61FB878A5C" box="[936,1091,1529,1554]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" precision="1" value="-8.748055">08°44’53.0”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE72B189F13DFF94FBDBFA61FB378A5C" box="[1097,1267,1529,1554]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" precision="1" value="-35.814194">35°48’51.1”W</geoCoordinate>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13DFF95FF55F985FC9C8A15" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13DFF94FF55F985FC788AA7" blockId="12.[151,1437,1420,2022]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FF55F985FB2B8A78" bold="true" box="[199,1263,1565,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
Material examined.
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF13DFF94FE53F985FDE78A78" box="[449,547,1565,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
(UFPEPOR 975; UFPEPOR 1349). General morphology.
</emphasis>
Sponge thinly encrusting,
<quantity id="4CBE7AABF13DFF94FE88F9D9FE988A17" box="[282,348,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
thick (UFPEPOR 975) to massive at
<quantity id="4CBE7AABF13DFF94FC95F9D9FCFB8A17" box="[775,831,1601,1625]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="363" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
thick (UFPEPOR 1349). This inference was possible by monitoring the growth of a single specimen (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13DFF94FD70F9FDFCEE8A33" box="[738,810,1637,1662]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A–C). Colour green
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FBB1F9FEFBB08A33" box="[1059,1140,1638,1661]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">in vivo</emphasis>
, and grayish green after preservation in ethanol (70%). Surface hispid but can be smooth (encrusting sample) and reticulate (massive sample), with simple circular oscules. Consistency soft and compressible. Ectosomal skeleton not observed. Choanosomal skeleton with isotropic paucispicular reticulation (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13DFF94FCFBF949FC6A8AA7" box="[873,942,1745,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1150,1172]" captionTargetBox="[280,1298,561,1113]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[273,1314,533,1129]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 9. Choanosomal skeleton of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1349). Scale bars: A 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265920/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13DFF95FF55F96DFB378DBA" blockId="12.[151,1437,1420,2022]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1436,151,501]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13DFF94FF55F96DFEF48B40" bold="true" box="[199,304,1781,1806]" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Spicules.</emphasis>
Megascleres as oxeas (241.5–293.3–334.9 / 8.1–12–12.9 µm; 305.9–330.2–408.9 / 12.9–14–16.1 µm) with straight to slightly curved shaft, ranging from smooth to microspined (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13DFF94FBBEF881FBBB8B7F" box="[1068,1151,1817,1842]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A). Microscleres as three categories: one acanthoxea and two pseudobirotules. Acanthoxea microscleres (50–64.8–107.5 / 3.8–5.0–6.3 µm; 58–73.4–90.2 / 4.8–6.5–8.1 µm) with a variable number of spines, simple (straight or curved) and/or compound (straight) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13DFF94FE9CF81CFE9E8BD3" box="[270,346,1924,1949]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="363">Fig 10</figureCitation>
D). Curved spines occur next to the tip of the spicule, mainly towards the center of the spicule; straight ones are simple (rarely) or compound (predominantly) and occur in the center of the spicule. Pseudobirotule microscleres occur in two categories: pseudobirotules with three or more long hooks towards the other pseudorotule of the same spicule (12.9–15.9–19.3 / 1.6–2.3–3.2 µm; 12.9–15.8–19.3 / 1.6 µm), straight and smooth shaft, rarely with simple spines, can present protuberance in the median portion of the shaft (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FB6BFF24FA8F8C9A" box="[1273,1355,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
B); and pseudobirotules with short hooks curved towards the other pseudorotule of the same spicule (30–43.4–65 / 3.8– 4.0–5.0 µm; 38.6–48.6–61.2 / 3.2–4.2–4.8 µm), shaft with simple and/or compound spines located in the median portion of the shaft, straight and curved (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FDF9FEBFFD7B8D0E" box="[619,703,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
C). Gemmuloscleres are birotules (58–68.5–74.1 / 4.8–6.0–6.4 // 19.3–23.2–25.8 /1.6–2.1–3.2 µm; 54.7–65.6–86.9 / 4.8–6.3–6.4 // 19.3–23.1–25.8 / 1.6–3.1–3.2 µm), with straight shaft with conical, straight, simple and compound spines (with secondary spines in the tip) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FB26FEF7FAC38DC6" box="[1204,1287,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
E,F). Rotules are flat (predominant) to convex (rare), with microspines on their margins and can have marginal slit(s) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FABAFE0CFABC8DE2" box="[1320,1400,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1816,1838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,509,1795]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 10. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
G). Gemmules spherical, occur on the substrate or scattered throughout the sponge (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FBA6FE2FFB428D9E" box="[1076,1158,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[151,250,761,783]" captionTargetBox="[150,1413,193,738]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[150,1436,193,740]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265922/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
A). Gemmular theca trilayered, well developed, gemmuloscleres radially inserted. Foramen simple and circular (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FB12FE44FB158DBA" box="[1152,1233,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="15.[151,250,761,783]" captionTargetBox="[150,1413,193,738]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[150,1436,193,740]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 11. Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 975). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265922/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13CFF95FF05FBE6FE0488FD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265920/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" targetBox="[280,1298,561,1113]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13CFF95FF05FBE6FE0488FD" blockId="13.[151,1436,1150,1203]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FF05FBE6FED788DD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1150,1172]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Choanosomal skeleton of the neotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13CFF95FD29FBE6FAD988DA" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1974" box="[699,1309,1150,1172]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FD29FBE6FBD788DA" box="[699,1043,1150,1172]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
(Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)
</taxonomicName>
(UFPEPOR 1349). Scale bars: A 500 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13CFF95FF55FB42FD708911" blockId="13.[151,1436,1242,2023]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FF55FB42FC9D88BD" bold="true" box="[199,857,1242,1267]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Comparative material examined. General morphology.</emphasis>
Sponge encrusting, massive to arborescent. Colour
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FF05FB67FF278958" box="[151,227,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">in vivo</emphasis>
varies according to the environment in which it occurs, green when in areas exposed to sunlight or beige in sciaphilous habitats (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FE13FABAFE068975" box="[385,450,1314,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A–I); becomes beige after preservation in ethanol (70%). Surface hispid. Oscules simple and circular. Consistency soft and compressible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13CFF95FF55FAF2FC9C8A15" blockId="13.[151,1436,1242,2023]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
Spicules of non-type specimens have the same morphology as described in the
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF13CFF95FBF6FAF3FB0489CD" box="[1124,1216,1387,1411]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. Oxea megascleres (199.6–313.7–450.8 / 6.4–13.0–19.3 µm) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FD17FA16FD1F89E9" box="[645,731,1422,1447]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Acanthoxea microscleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265923/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
A). Acanthoxea microscleres (45.1–72.1–112.7 / 3.2–5.6–8.1 µm) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FF45FA2AFEE88985" box="[215,300,1458,1483]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Acanthoxea microscleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265923/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
B); pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules with long hooks (12.9–17.7–35.4 / 1.6–2.6–6.4 µm) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FF44FA4EFEEE89A1" box="[214,298,1494,1519]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Acanthoxea microscleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265923/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
C); pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules with short hooks (28.7–49.6–70.8 / 3.2–4.1–6.4 µm) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FF46FA62FEE28A5D" box="[212,294,1530,1555]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Acanthoxea microscleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265923/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
D). Birotule gemmuloscleres (51.5–70.2–86.9 / 4.8–6.4–9.7 // 16.1–22.5–29.0 / 1.6–2.4–3.2 µm) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FAFCFA62FF778A79" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1462,1484]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1440]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,193,1441]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 12. Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Acanthoxea microscleres. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (D) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265923/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
E–G). Gemmules spherical (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FE6FF986FD958A79" box="[509,593,1566,1591]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,337,1477]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,337,1481]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. (C) Well developed, tri-layered gemmular theca. (D) Foramen of gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 200 µm, C, D 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265924/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A). Gemmular theca tri-layered well developed, gemmuloscleres radially inserted (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FF6DF9DAFE948A15" box="[255,336,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,337,1477]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,337,1481]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. (C) Well developed, tri-layered gemmular theca. (D) Foramen of gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 200 µm, C, D 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265924/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
B,C). Foramen simple and circular (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FD71F9DAFCF08A15" box="[739,820,1602,1627]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1503,1525]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,337,1477]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,337,1481]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974) (UFPEPOR 1102). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. (C) Well developed, tri-layered gemmular theca. (D) Foramen of gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 200 µm, C, D 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265924/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
D).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13CFF95FF55F9FEFABA8AA5" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13CFF95FF55F9FEFABA8AA5" blockId="13.[151,1436,1242,2023]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FF55F9FEFEA48A31" bold="true" box="[199,352,1638,1663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13CFF95FEFAF9FEFE758A31" box="[360,433,1638,1663]" name="Brazil" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Brazil</collectingCountry>
: Eastern North Atlantic Basin: Rio Grande do Norte State (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FBDFF9FEFA4B8A31" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[1101,1423,1638,1663]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C., Mansur, M. C. D., Mera, P. A. S. &amp; Ross, S. M. (1998) Biological indicators in the aquatic habitats of the Ilha de Maraca, Roraima, Brazil. In: Miliken, W. &amp; Ratter, J. A. (Eds.), Maraca: The biodiversity and environment of an Amazonian rainforest. John Wiley &amp; Sons, New York, pp. 403 - 414." type="book chapter" year="1998">
Volkmer-Ribeiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FA81F9FFFA888A30" box="[1299,1356,1638,1662]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
), Pernambuco State (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FEE2F912FD4B8AED" author="Nicacio" box="[368,655,1674,1699]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Nicacio, G. &amp; Pinheiro, U. (2015) Biodiversity of freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillina) from northeast Brazil: new species and notes on systematic. Zootaxa, 3981 (2), 220 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3981.2.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Nicacio &amp; Pinheiro 2015</bibRefCitation>
, Pinheiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FC93F913FCF68AEC" box="[769,818,1674,1698]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">et al</emphasis>
. 2015), Western North Atlantic Basin: Maranhão State (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FF0CF936FDF08A89" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[158,564,1710,1735]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Machado, V. S. (2007) Freshwater sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) indicators of some coastal habitats in South America: Redescriptions and key to identification. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 97 (2), 157 - 167. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0073 - 47212007000200005" type="journal article" year="2007">Volkmer-Ribeiro &amp; Machado 2007</bibRefCitation>
, 2008), Pernambuco State (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FCE6F936FB588A89" author="Nicacio" box="[884,1180,1710,1735]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Nicacio, G. &amp; Pinheiro, U. (2015) Biodiversity of freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillina) from northeast Brazil: new species and notes on systematic. Zootaxa, 3981 (2), 220 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3981.2.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Nicacio &amp; Pinheiro 2015</bibRefCitation>
), Paraná Basin: Goiás (
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FF0CF94AFE4E8AA5" author="Machado" box="[158,394,1746,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Machado, V. S., Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Iannuzzi, R. (2012) Inventary of the Sponge Fauna of the cemiterio Paleolake, Catalao, Goias, Brazil. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 84 (1), 17 - 34. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0001 - 37652012000100004" type="journal article" year="2012">
Machado
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FE9DF94BFE858AA4" box="[271,321,1746,1770]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13CFF95FE0FF94AFDD48AA5" box="[413,528,1746,1771]" name="Venezuela" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FD8DF94AFC448AA5" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[543,896,1746,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Pauls, S. M. (2000) Esponjas de agua dulce (Porifera, Demospongiae) de Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 20 (1), 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="2000">Volkmer-Ribeiro &amp; Pauls 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13CFF95FC19F94AFAD18AA5" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[907,1301,1746,1771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Machado, V. S. (2007) Freshwater sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) indicators of some coastal habitats in South America: Redescriptions and key to identification. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 97 (2), 157 - 167. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0073 - 47212007000200005" type="journal article" year="2007">Volkmer-Ribeiro &amp; Machado 2007</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FAB9F94AFAA98AA5" box="[1323,1389,1746,1771]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1915,1937]" captionTargetBox="[187,1370,193,1817]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[187,1392,193,1897]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution map of species of Corvoheteromeyenia Ezcurra de Drago, 1979." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265912/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35C84C5F13CFF97FF55F96EFD3A8808" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="366" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13CFF95FF55F96EFBB28BA8" blockId="13.[151,1436,1242,2023]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13CFF95FF55F96EFEFF8B41" bold="true" box="[199,315,1782,1807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Remarks.</emphasis>
In the present work we had the opportunity to collect samples of the same sponge (
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF13CFF95FAD0F96FFA588B41" box="[1346,1436,1783,1807]" pageId="13" pageNumber="364" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
UFPEPOR 975; UFPEPOR 1349) from Pirangi River, Jaqueira, Pernambuco State, which makes it possible to compare the growth stages of the specimen. When the specimen was a thin crust (year 2010,
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FB63F8A6FAF28B19" box="[1265,1334,1854,1879]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A,B) the pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks were predominant. Two years later the same but thicker specimen was sampled (year 2012,
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13CFF95FD13F81EFD008BD1" box="[641,708,1926,1951]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="364">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C). The pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks were noticeably more abundant. However, in spite of differences in the proportions of the two categories of microscleres during specimen growth, there was no qualitative change in its spicular set.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13FFF96FF55FF0FFB738D9E" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,464]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
Specimens with arborescent shapes also presented differences in the proportions of the microscleres (UFPEPOR 1102, 1104, 1108, 1109, 1119, 1928) (
<figureCitation id="137DCBCBF13FFF96FD5AFF24FCCD8C9A" box="[712,777,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1268,1290]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,265,1242]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,265,1246]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 8. Morphological variation of the specimens of Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera (Ezcurra de Drago, 1974). (A, B) Neotype (UFPEPOR 975) collected in year 2010. (C) Neotype (UFPEPOR 1349) collected in year 2012. (D, E, F) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in Jaguaribe river, Ceará. (G, H) Specimens from Pirangi river, Pernambuco. (I) Specimens with arborescent shape collected in São Francisco river, Bahia. Scale bars: G, H 1 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265919/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
D–F,I). In this case, the acanthoxeas have become the most abundant microscleres. Despite specimens having a variation in proportion of
<typeStatus id="54FD69ECF13FFF96FB97FF78FBF18CB6" box="[1029,1077,224,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">type</typeStatus>
of microscleres in relation with the sponge’s morphology, the spicular set remained the same.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13FFF96FCC7FE9CFB838D52" box="[853,1095,260,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" refString="Pinheiro, U., Docio, L., Nicacio, G. &amp; Hajdu, E. (2013) A reassessment of neotropical species of Corvospongilla (Porifera: Spongillidae). Journal of Natural History, 47 (37 - 38), 2373 - 2384. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2013.798700" type="journal article">
Pinheiro
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13FFF96FC2EFE9DFC2A8D52" box="[956,1006,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
observed that
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13FFF96FB7CFE9CFDA98D0E" authority="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, 1966" authorityName="Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1966" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvospongilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="seckti">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13FFF96FB7CFE9CFF138D0E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Corvospongilla seckti</emphasis>
Bonetto &amp; Ezcurra de
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13FFF96FE72FEB0FDA98D0E" author="Drago" box="[480,621,295,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" refString="Bonetto, A. A. &amp; Ezcurra de Drago, I. D. (1966) Nuevos aportes al conocimiento de las esponjas Argentinas. Physis, 26 (71), 129 - 140." type="journal article" year="1966">Drago, 1966</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13FFF96FD34FEB0FB178D0E" authority="De Rosa Barbosa, 1988" authorityName="De Rosa Barbosa" authorityYear="1988" box="[678,1235,295,320]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvospongilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="volkmeri">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13FFF96FD34FEB0FC7B8D0E" box="[678,959,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Corvospongilla volkmeri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13FFF96FC55FEB0FB178D0E" author="De" box="[967,1235,295,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" refString="De Rosa Barbosa, R. (1988) Corvospongilla volkmeri sp. n. e registro de Corvospongilla seckti Bonetto &amp; Ezcurrade-Drago, 1966 no Brasil (Porifera, Spongillidae). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 67, 109 - 122." type="journal article" year="1988">
<collectingCountry id="F35197DEF13FFF96FC55FEB0FC2C8D71" box="[967,1000,296,319]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">De</collectingCountry>
Rosa Barbosa, 1988
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
only differ in the proportions of microscleres and thickness of the specimens. Thus, the authors synonymized both species due to their sharing the same spicular set. In this sense, although arborescent specimens differ in morphology from the others and having acanthoxeas as the most abundant microscleres, but we don´t believe that only differences in the external morphology are enough to split encrusting and massive specimens as distinct species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13FFF96FF05F880FDEC8BE7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265921/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" targetBox="[151,1436,509,1793]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13FFF96FF05F880FDEC8BE7" blockId="14.[151,1436,1816,1961]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13FFF96FF05F880FEE68B63" bold="true" box="[151,290,1816,1838]" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy images of the spicular set of the neotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13FFF96FBD0F880FE5E8B03" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1974" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="14" pageNumber="365" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13FFF96FBD0F880FA5F8B60" box="[1090,1435,1816,1838]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="365">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
(Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)
</taxonomicName>
(UFPEPOR 975). (A) Oxea megasclere. (B) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of long hooks. (C) Pseudobirotule microscleres with pseudorotules of short hooks. (D) Acanthoxea microsclere. (E) Various shapes of birotule gemmuloscleres. (F) Detail of the shaft of gemmuloscleres. (G) Detail of the rotule of gemmuloscleres. Scale bars: A 100 µm, B, C, F, G 10 µm, D, E 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3987C6F13EFF97FF05FD61FB648F60" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/265922/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" targetBox="[150,1413,193,738]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13EFF97FF05FD61FB648F60" blockId="15.[151,1436,761,814]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13EFF97FF05FD61FEDA8F40" bold="true" box="[151,286,761,783]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Scanning electron microscopy images of gemmules of the
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13EFF97FCE9FD61FF168F60" authority="Ezcurra de Drago, 1974" authorityName="Ezcurra de Drago" authorityYear="1974" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13EFF97FCE9FD61FB168F41" box="[891,1234,761,783]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">Corvoheteromeyenia heterosclera</emphasis>
(Ezcurra de Drago, 1974)
</taxonomicName>
(UFPEPOR 975). (A) Gemmule. (B) Vertical section of the gemmule. Scale bars: A, B 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF9D74EF13EFF97FF55FCCDFD3A8808" blockId="15.[151,1436,853,1094]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13EFF97FF55FCCDFDAD8F20" author="Volkmer-Ribeiro" box="[199,617,853,878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" refString="Volkmer-Ribeiro, C. &amp; Machado, V. S. (2007) Freshwater sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) indicators of some coastal habitats in South America: Redescriptions and key to identification. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, 97 (2), 157 - 167. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 0073 - 47212007000200005" type="journal article" year="2007">Volkmer-Ribeiro &amp; Machado (2007)</bibRefCitation>
proposed
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13EFF97FD70FCCEFC548F23" box="[738,912,853,877]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13EFF97FD70FCCEFC548F23" box="[738,912,853,877]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">C. heterosclera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as indicator species of shallow ponds among dunes at the tropical area. However,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD7AABFF13EFF97FDD9FCE1FC408FDC" author="Nicacio" box="[587,900,889,914]" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" refString="Nicacio, G. &amp; Pinheiro, U. (2015) Biodiversity of freshwater sponges (Porifera: Spongillina) from northeast Brazil: new species and notes on systematic. Zootaxa, 3981 (2), 220 - 240. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3981.2.4" type="journal article" year="2015">Nicacio &amp; Pinheiro (2015)</bibRefCitation>
indicated
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13EFF97FB90FCE1FB768FDF" box="[1026,1202,889,913]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13EFF97FB90FCE1FB768FDF" box="[1026,1202,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">C. heterosclera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the most widely distributed species of Pernambuco State. Specimens have since been found in the Caatinga region (Pajeú River, Serra Talhada) to the Atlantic Forests (Capibaribe River, Recife). Here, we found specimens at impacted environments, such as in the Pirangi River, downstream of the Jaqueira City and in the Capibaribe River, that receives domestic and industrial effluents from the metropolitan region of Recife (PE). Thus,
<taxonomicName id="4C46ACCDF13EFF97FB52FB91FAA9886F" box="[1216,1389,1033,1057]" class="Demospongiae" family="Spongillidae" genus="Corvoheteromeyenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="15" pageNumber="366" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="heterosclera">
<emphasis id="B9320B5CF13EFF97FB52FB91FAA9886F" box="[1216,1389,1033,1057]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="366">C. heterosclera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be considered a species resistant to adverse conditions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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