223 lines
23 KiB
XML
223 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f062cb75-2d34-4171-a3f5-72fb9771df04" ID-PMC="PMC6189229" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-788-87" ID-PubMed="30337826" ID-ZBK="FCC76C6C5445497F9C6717A4F1A51464" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-788-87" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 788" ModsDocTitle="A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" checkinTime="1539050140006" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goldstein, Paul Z., Janzen, Daniel H., Proshek, Benjamin, Dapkey, Tanya & Hallwachs, Winnie" docDate="2018" docId="A79E12C867EB9270BEA8AC461E5EB497" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 788: 87-133" docOrigin="ZooKeys 788" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222" docTitle="Leucosigma chloe Schaus 1914, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="100" masterDocId="FFC1FD22FF872E407E7FFF8E7B5FFFF9" masterDocTitle="A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="87" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1668166274258" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of Leucosigma Druce, 1908: a newly discovered case of fern-feeding and descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Goldstein, Paul Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Proshek, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Dapkey, Tanya</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>788</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>87</mods:start>
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<mods:end>133</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.788.21222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-788-87</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FCC76C6C5445497F9C6717A4F1A51464</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="148657018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A79E12C867EB9270BEA8AC461E5EB497" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A79E12C867EB9270BEA8AC461E5EB497" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName authority="Schaus, 1914" authorityName="Schaus" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Leucosigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosigma chloe" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloe">Leucosigma chloe (Schaus, 1914)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="9" pageNumber="96">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 7-12, 21, 22, 31, 32; Male genitalia: Figs 63, 64, 89, 90, 117, 118(terminalia in situ), 119-123; Female genitalia: Figs 100, 101, 107, 129, 130 (abdominal terminus, ventral aspect)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Chytonix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chytonix chloe" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloe">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="97" start="start">Chytonix</pageBreakToken>
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chloe
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</taxonomicName>
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Schaus, 1914. Type locality: French Guyana.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Chytonidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chytonidia chloristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloristis">Chytonidia chloristis</taxonomicName>
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Schaus, 1914: 489.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
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Type material. HOLOTYPE ♀: St Jean, Maroni, Fr Guiana,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Chytonix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chytonix chloe" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloe">Chytonix chloe</taxonomicName>
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Type Schs, Type No. 16531 U.S.N.M., Collection Wm Schaus, USNM Dissection 148175, USNMENT01370295. Type at USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="98">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="98" start="start">Other</pageBreakToken>
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material examined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="98">
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(11♂, 14♀). FRENCH GUIANA (2♀):[HOLOTYPE of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Chytonidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chytonidia chloristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloristis">Chytonidia chloristis</taxonomicName>
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, syn. of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="chloe" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" rank="species" species="chloe">chloe</taxonomicName>
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]: ♀ St Jean, Maroni, Fr Guiana,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Chytonidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chytonidia chloristis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloristis">Chytonidia chloristis</taxonomicName>
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Type Schs, Collection Wm Schaus, Type No. 16533 U.S.N.M., USNM Dissection 148185, USNMENT01370300; Dates 6-8 Mar 1982 Guyane Francaise G. Tavasillian [illeg.] leg. BORWE I [illeg.], 376, USNMENT01370375.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="98">
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COSTA RICA (11♂, 11♀): Males: COSTA RICA: Turrialba 17-21.II.65 SS&WD Duckworth, USNM Dissection 148151, USNMENT01437357 [♂]; Guanacaste (10♂): Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/10/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11370, USNMENT01437307; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/12/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11369, USNM Dissection 148,289, USNMENT01437372; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 03/18/2010, ecl. 02/15/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70814, USNMENT01437206; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 03/21/2010, ecl. 02/15/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-70815, USNM Dissection 148200, USNMENT01437250; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/13/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11375, USNM Dissection 148070, USNMENT01438814; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/12/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11372, USNM Dissection 148071,USNMENT01437315; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 08/22/2010, ecl. 07/23/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-72329, USNM Dissection 148168, USNMENT01437257; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.88449, -85.47306, el. 557m, 09/11/2007, R. Franco & S. Rios, collector, 07-SRNP-108955, USNM Dissection 148055, USNMENT01437367; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/11/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11373, USNMENT01437360; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 11/13/1996, ecl. 10/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11371, USNMENT01370286.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="11" pageNumber="98">
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Females: Guanacaste (9♀): Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 10/21/1996, ecl. 11/21/1996, 96-SRNP-11376, USNMENT01437271; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 07/20/2010, ecl. 08/17/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-72238, USNMENT01437347; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 07/22/2010, ecl. 08/19/2010, Dinia Martinez, collector, 10-SRNP-72308, USNMENT01437272; Sector Pitilla: Quebradona, 10.99102, -85.39539, el. 475m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 02/04/2010, ecl. 03/10/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-70655, USNMENT01437302; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 08/02/2010, ecl. 09/11/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-72520, USNMENT01437280; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 11/07/2010, ecl.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="99" start="start">12</pageBreakToken>
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/20/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-73250, USNMENT01437292; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 07/13/2010, ecl. 08/15/2010, Ricardo Calero, collector, 10-SRNP-72038, USNM Dissection 148072, USNMENT01437382; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 02/04/2012, ecl. 03/07/2012, Ricardo Calero, collector, 12-SRNP-70275, USNM Dissection 148054, USNMENT01437297; Sector Pitilla: Estacion Quica, 10.99697, -85.39666, el. 470m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
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: 07/16/2013, ecl. 08/10/2013, Ricardo Calero, collector, 13-SRNP-71183, USNMENT01437287. Alajuela (2♀): Sector Rincon Rain Forest: Estacion Botarrama, Manta Porton, 10.96048, -85.28237, el. 147m, F. Quesada & R. Franco, collector, 09-SRNP-108544, USNM Dissection 148169, USNMENT01437380; Sector Cacao: Estacion Gongora, 10.887, -85.47443, el. 570m, larva on
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<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
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: 10/21/1996, ecl. 11/12/1996, 96-SRNP-11374, USNMENT01370299.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">BRAZIL (1♀): Sao Paulo de Olivenca Amazones Fassl Novembre-Decembre, USNM Dissection 148152, USNMENT01437322</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="99" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">
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Forewing similar to that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
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but forewing overall more darkly shaded in specimens examined; reniform spot with a straight outer edge, squared at the lower corner as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. schausi" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="schausi">L. schausi</taxonomicName>
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; male hind wing pale basally in males, not uniformly shaded as in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
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. Cucullus with highly distinct asymmetrical deformations along both edges subapically, the apical point (≈ anal spine) ventrally curved.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">Re-description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">Head. Antennae setose-ciliate, bifasciculate in males, scaled above with indistinctly banded tan and brown scales. Frons, vertex, and labial palpi with scales heterochromously shaded in tannish brown. Eyes sparsely hairy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">Thorax. Prothoracic vestiture brown, sprinkled with green; dorsal tuft well developed. Wings. Forewing length 11.8 mm (holotype, female), average 11.3 mm (males, n = 8), 11.7 mm (females, n = 8). Legs. Femora thickly scaled with brown and black, the mid- and hind-femora with green scaling in addition; tibiae uniformly less densely scaled, in pale tan; a single pair of striped mid-tibial spurs, two pairs on hind-tibiae; three rows of tibial spines on all legs.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="99">
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Abdomen. Dorsum covered in uniformly tannish-brown scales and hairs; dorso-lateral tufts of hairs on anterior segments; ventral side more darkly scaled with two rows of paler tan scales on either side of the medial (cf.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
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, above).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="100" pageId="12" pageNumber="99">
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Male genitalia. Most similar to
|
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<taxonomicName lsidName="L. uncifera" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="uncifera">L. uncifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in size, but with the shape of the cucullus at its apex highly distorted, asymmetrical. Uncus crested, distended medially, upwardly turned with long apical point and ventral crest of short setae. Tegumen with dorsal edge nearly straight, the lateral edges outwardly sub-parallel. Vinculum cup-shaped. Saccus bluntly triangulate. Juxta spade-shaped, with a mid-dorsal projection; annellar arms fused, hoop-like. Sacculus (1) tapered to a dull point, the dorsal and ventral edges straight. Edges of cucullus (2) asymmetrical, sinuate, apical spine produced along ventral edge; dorsal process (3) undifferentiated. Clasper (4) robust, recurved to a point (cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="12" pageNumber="99" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Aedeagus with distal sclerotization faintly strap-like, and minimally rugose, somewhat granular towards vesica. Vesica likewise
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="100" start="start">faintly</pageBreakToken>
|
||
granular basad, without cornuti; subbasal diverticulum moderately distended with a pair of smaller lobes and a pouch-like invagination with a weakly sclerotized margin as in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">
|
||
Female genitalia. Posterior apophyses more than twice as long as anterior apophyses. Lamella antevaginalis invaginate. Colliculum well developed. Ductus intermediate for genus, 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as wide. Corpus bursae sub-triangular when distended; appendix bursae a small bulbous out-pouching.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">Immature stages. No images or specimens available.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="100" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">
|
||
Caterpillars found in ACG rain forest feeding on foliage of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Bolbitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bolbitis portoricensis" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="portoricensis">Bolbitis portoricensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Dryopteridaceae" lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" rank="family">Dryopteridaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Microgramma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Microgramma percussa" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="percussa">Microgramma percussa</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Polypodiaceae" lsidName="" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" rank="family">Polypodiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Of 20 reared specimens (6 males, 14 females) an average of 19 days elapsed between the onset of the prepupal stage and adult eclosion, with most individuals requiring 19 or more days.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="100" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">Costa Rica, French Guiana.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="100" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="100">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Leucosigma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucosigma chloe" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chloe">Leucosigma chloe</taxonomicName>
|
||
, its synonym (and the type species)
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. chloristis" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="chloristis">L. chloristis</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. reletiva" pageId="13" pageNumber="100" rank="species" species="reletiva">L. reletiva</taxonomicName>
|
||
were all described from female holotypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |