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125 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A2F6EF6FFBAD75B281660800E0E8B199">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="02C55FFD08FD89865A41791EC5F10F06">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6E74EB58D43377E4B853BB2106BF373E">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="997960EFDEBB21BC6D2C72046A13BD07">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7FA8BFBE3A8EB8ACEEA783C53161E18E">Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4DBF5F884EC7E454983EEB7887190254">Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E8303A8968C0C57A7E7441F1BDC3A148">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="025642E9014E454ACD8ACAC79EDFB924">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FD87F2FFE7FFF4FF16FB5FC292F7B0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7535325" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208830461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7535325" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFE7FFF4FF16FB5FC292F7B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFE7FFF4FF16FB5FC292F7B0" lastPageNumber="367" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE7FFF4FF16FB5FC148FB7E" authority="E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2020" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2020" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Catanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dolichostemon">
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Catanthus
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE7FFF4FE9DFB5FC148FB7E" bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE7FFF4FE9DFB5FC2BAFB1E" bold="true" box="[290,450,1184,1208]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">dolichostemon</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2020
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE7FFF4FED0FB1FC169FB5E" blockId="26.[367,529,1248,1272]" box="[367,529,1248,1272]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE7FFF4FED0FB1FC169FB5E" box="[367,529,1248,1272]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="28.[147,228,1662,1683]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,151,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-147@28.[145,1466,148,1649]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Text-fig. 18. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fragmentary flower of Catanthus dolichostemon (a, b) and flower of Saportanthus parvus (c, d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Fragment of flower bud showing bulky tepals (te) and fleshy stamens (st) in ventral (a) and lateral (b) views; note the long stamen base and small anther with extrorse anther dehiscence (arrows); c, d) Flower in lateral (c) and oblique apical (d) views showing inferior ovary and eight bulky tepals almost completely enclosing the stamens and styles. Specimens, Catefica MM92-P0159 (a, b), Catefica MM285-P0331 (c, d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522839/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Text-fig. 18a, b</figureCitation>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE7FFF4FF19FAEFC1C4F8A1" blockId="26.[129,768,1295,1799]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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Description and remarks. The species was described based on several flower buds and open flowers preserved as charcoalified or lignitic specimens from the Catefica mesofossil flora (for a full description see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE7FFF4FD28FA90C3C2FA01" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="28 - 45" refId="ref55960" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2021): Catanthus, an extinct magnoliid flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 182: 28 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 711081" type="journal article" year="2021">Friis et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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; taxon names valid from effectively published online version in 2020, see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE7FFF4FECEFA50C141FA61" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[369,569,1455,1479]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" refId="ref55874" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2020 c): Catanthus, an extinct magnoliid flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 182 (online): 18 pp. [online version of Friis et al. (2021), which meets the requirements of ICN for effectively published publication] https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 711081" type="book" year="2020">Friis et al. 2020c</bibRefCitation>
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). The flowers are whorled with nine tepals in three whorls of three and many stamens in several successive whorls. The stamens have long, broad and fleshy bases that continue into the short anthers without a joint. In lignitised specimens, the stamens are flattened, but their original bulky, three-dimensional shape is particularly well-preserved in charcoalified specimens (
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<figureCitation id="136F2A61FFE7FFF4FF37F970C257F901" box="[136,303,1679,1703]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="28.[147,228,1662,1683]" captionTargetBox="[150,1462,151,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-147@28.[145,1466,148,1649]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Text-fig. 18. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of fragmentary flower of Catanthus dolichostemon (a, b) and flower of Saportanthus parvus (c, d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Fragment of flower bud showing bulky tepals (te) and fleshy stamens (st) in ventral (a) and lateral (b) views; note the long stamen base and small anther with extrorse anther dehiscence (arrows); c, d) Flower in lateral (c) and oblique apical (d) views showing inferior ovary and eight bulky tepals almost completely enclosing the stamens and styles. Specimens, Catefica MM92-P0159 (a, b), Catefica MM285-P0331 (c, d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522839/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Text-fig. 18a, b</figureCitation>
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). The pollen is circular in polar view, about 12 µm in diameter, monoaperturate and trichotomocolpate (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE7FFF4FF37F930C247F941" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[136,319,1743,1767]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="28 - 45" refId="ref55960" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2021): Catanthus, an extinct magnoliid flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 182: 28 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 711081" type="journal article" year="2021">Friis et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4A–C). The gynoecium is superior, apocarpous and consists of six, or rarely five, carpels.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE7FFF4FF19F8E0C101F810" blockId="26.[129,768,1822,2070]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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Affinity and other occurrences. A phylogenetic assessment of
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE7FFF4FE3BF8C1C1EFF8F0" box="[388,663,1854,1878]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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Catanthus
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE7FFF4FE40F8C1C1EFF8F0" box="[511,663,1854,1878]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dolichostemon">dolichostemon</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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suggests a relationship to extant members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE7FFF4FE5AF8A1C12AF8D0" box="[485,594,1886,1910]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Canellales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Canellales</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE7FFF4FDC1F8A1C244F831" authority="(Friis et al. 2021)" baseAuthorityName="Friis" baseAuthorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">
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Magnoliales (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B15FFE7FFF4FF37F881C24CF831" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[136,308,1918,1943]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" pagination="28 - 45" refId="ref55960" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2021): Catanthus, an extinct magnoliid flower from the Early Cretaceous of Portugal. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 182: 28 - 45. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 711081" type="journal article" year="2021">Friis et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. The species is currently known only from the Catefica and
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<collectingRegion id="4990F806FFE7FFF4FE91F861C225F810" box="[302,349,1950,1974]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">Vale</collectingRegion>
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de Água mesofossil floras.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36E4FFE7FFF4FF19F841C292F7B0" blockId="26.[129,768,1822,2070]" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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Pollen grains of
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<emphasis id="B920EAF6FFE7FFF4FED2F841C1FEF870" box="[365,646,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="367">
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Catanthus
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D67FFE7FFF4FE55F841C1FEF870" box="[490,646,1982,2006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Sarcandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Chloranthales" pageId="26" pageNumber="367" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dolichostemon">dolichostemon</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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have also been observed in palynological strew preparations from the Catefica microfossil assemblages.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |