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<document id="06FD1D86196639AC56FC46A2D05666D7" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5444.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11071464" ID-ZooBank="5DE4A9DD-99F7-4E23-AD50-58DC491BB75E" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1714119547772" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hennemann, Frank H. &amp; Conle, Oskar V." docDate="2024" docId="03FD87D9FF70D8B4FF55F0FD2BE0E072" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5444.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5444 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5444.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Phanocles solidus Hennemann &amp; Conle 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="D146B4C9-2662-49D8-B825-AAD873C2A28E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="210" masterDocId="FFC4FFA1FFA0D865FFC2F06B292AE42B" masterDocTitle="Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="454" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="209" updateTime="1714126622619" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B2F19CE50310DB0E3366E991BAB4B010">Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXVI: Taxonomic review of Cladomorformia tax. n., a lineage of Diapheromerinae stick insects, with the descriptions of seven new genera and 41 new species (Phasmatodea: Occidophasmata: Diapheromerinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9EE16B10188CB1B2ABD9EB33CE35C5FA">Hennemann, Frank H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F10A4FB38CEAE6D5FB648C8D7F71AA4">Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="08E58BF0EA804285355EF8688A7186BA">Conle, Oskar V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DDEB06738A13C12B8296C3EAA4E85A1E">Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com &amp; Am Freischütz 16, 47058 Duisburg, Germany. conle @ phasmatodea. de; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: D 2712 C 02 - 7973 - 4 FAA-A 186 - 5 F 8540 A 66691 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5609 - 5107; Website: www. phasmatodea. com * Corresponding author &amp; Tannenwaldallee 53, 61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. hennemann @ phasmatodea. com; http: // zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 651 FCCFA- 271 B- 48 A 3 - A 58 E-A 30 FDC 739493 https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6547 - 4704; Website: www. phasmatodea. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="4056D1DDC1E10280115EE12E93F4467C">2024</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FF55F0FD284DE49A" authority="Hennemann &amp; Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,359,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FF55F0FD284DE49A" bold="true" box="[151,359,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Phanocles solidus</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF55F0B52B05E4D3" blockId="208.[151,976,150,249]" box="[151,559,222,249]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
(
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FF5DF0B52824E4D2" box="[159,270,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="374.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[206,1385,186,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-22@374.[201,1386,181,1778]" captionTargetPageId="374" captionText="FIGURE 54. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus: A. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT (French Guiana, St. Jean de Maroni, Nouveau Chantier), dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 06593]; C. P. decorus Zompro, 2001 ♀ HT (Ecuador), dorsolateral view [MNHU]; D. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Mexico, Oaxaca, Xadani village nr. Huantulco), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 07188]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. El Oro, Arenillas), dorsolateral view [ANSP]; F. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 06591]; G. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♂ PT (Bolivia, Prov. Chapare, Villa Tunari), dorsal view [ZSMC]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071601/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Figs. 54E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FED8F0B52863E4D2" box="[282,329,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="379.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,186,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-17@379.[201,1386,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="379" captionText="FIGURE 59. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT (with small cephalic tubercles), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; B. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT (with prominent cephalic horns), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; C. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view of head, pro and mesonotum [MNHN]; D. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view of mesothorax with median segment showing the typical spines of the metapleurae [MNCR-A]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view of head and prothorax [ANSP]; F. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♂, lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; G. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]; H. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view [MNCN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071617/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">59E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FE97F0B52889E4D3" box="[341,419,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="383.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@383.[151,1435,199,1768]" captionTargetPageId="383" captionText="FIGURE 63. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; B. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; C. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNCR-A]; H. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNCR-A]; J. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNCR-A]; K. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; O. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071627/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">63NP</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FE6CF0B528CFE4D3" box="[430,485,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="387.[151,250,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,186,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-17@387.[213,1374,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="387" captionText="FIGURE 67. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; B.. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view of terminalia [coll. FH]; C. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; D. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; E. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view of terminalia [coll. FH]; F. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; G. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♂ PT, lateral view of terminalia [UMMZ, © Erika Tucker]; H. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsal view of terminalia [UMMZ, © Erika Tucker]; J. P. chiapasense sp. n. ♂ HT, lateral view of terminalia [ZMUH]; K. P. chiapasense sp. n. ♂ HT, dorsal view of terminalia [ZMUH]; L. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [MNHN]; M. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [ANSP]; N. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀, right mesofemur in interolateral view [coll. FH]; O. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [coll. FH]; P. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, right metatibia in intero-lateral view [ANSP]; Q. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, left mid leg in intero-lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071635/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">67M</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FE33F0B52B0CE4D3" box="[497,550,222,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="407.[151,250,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[233,1351,181,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-17@407.[232,1355,181,1752]" captionTargetPageId="407" captionText="FIGURE 87. Mesosternum: A. Phanocloidea incolumis (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀ [NHMUK]; B. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) ♀ [coll. FH]; C. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) ♂ [coll. FH]; D. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. ♀ PT [coll. FH]; E. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. ♂ PT [coll. FH]; F. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) ♀ [coll. FH]; G. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) ♂ [coll. FH]; H. Phanocloidea tobagoense (Langlois &amp; Bellanger, 2012) ♀ HT [MNHN]; J. Phanocloidea submutica (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [ANSP]; K. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [ANSP]; L. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ [ANSP]; M. Phanocles solidus sp. n. ♀ HT [ANSP]; N. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [coll. FH]. Not in scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071680/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">87M</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF55F1482A1BE510" blockId="208.[151,817,291,315]" box="[151,817,291,315]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FF55F1482996E510" bold="true" box="[151,188,291,315]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">HT</emphasis>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3C92FF70D8B5FF0AF1482A07E510" box="[200,813,291,315]" collectionCode="ANSP" collectorName="F. Campos" country="Ecuador" location="El Oro" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="El Oro">
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF70D8B5FF0AF14829F7E511" box="[200,221,291,314]" count="1" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="female"></specimenCount>
: Arenillas, Prov.
<collectingRegion id="4990F82DFF70D8B5FE4EF14828F9E510" box="[396,467,291,315]" country="Ecuador" name="El Oro" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">El Oro</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF70D8B5FE1FF1482B1BE510" box="[477,561,291,315]" name="Ecuador" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<collectorName id="26A15319FF70D8B5FDFDF1482B86E510" box="[575,684,291,315]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">F. Campos</collectorName>
R.) [
<collectionCode id="ED45AE0AFF70D8B5FD1CF1482A0DE510" box="[734,807,291,315]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34784" name="Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">ANSP</collectionCode>
]
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF70D8B5FF55F102281EE6C0" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF55F102281EE6C0" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FF55F1022838E5A8" bold="true" box="[151,274,361,387]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Females of this very distinctive new species (the only sex known) resemble those of
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FB18F1012C7FE5A8" authority="Hennemann &amp; Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1242,1365,361,387]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FB18F1012C7FE5A8" box="[1242,1365,361,387]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">P. brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FA9EF1022CB7E5A8" bold="true" box="[1372,1437,361,387]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF70D8B5FA9EF1022CB7E5A8" box="[1372,1437,361,387]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
also known from
<collectingCountry id="F343765FFF70D8B5FE9CF1E62891E58C" box="[350,443,397,423]" name="Ecuador" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
in having a prominently lobed abdominal tergum VII, stocky and strongly lobed legs as well as distinctly crested basitarsi. They however readily differ from both species by the much smaller size (body length including subgenital plate 150.0 mm
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FD55F1BD2B9FE5C4" box="[663,693,470,495]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">vs.</emphasis>
184.0 mm in
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FC9FF1BE2A91E5C4" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[861,955,469,495]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FC9FF1BE2A91E5C4" box="[861,955,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">brevipes</emphasis>
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), much stockier shape and proportionally much shorter body segments (mesothorax only 5.2x longer than prothorax
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FC29F1912D23E638" box="[1003,1033,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">vs.</emphasis>
&gt; 6x in
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FBAEF1922DE0E638" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1132,1226,505,531]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FBAEF1922DE0E638" box="[1132,1226,505,531]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shorter cephalad horns, strongly tubercular thoracic segments, lack of prominent irregularly crenulate posteromedian excrescences on abdominal terga IIVI, larger posterolateral lobe of abdominal tergum VII, much smaller lobes of the praeopercular organ (large, trapezoidal land extending over posterior margin of abdominal sternum VII in
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FB65F20E2C2FE654" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1191,1285,613,639]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FB65F20E2C2FE654" box="[1191,1285,613,639]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), narrow and rounded apex of the subgenital plate (broadly trapezoidal in
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FCFDF2E22AB7E688" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[831,925,649,675]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FCFDF2E22AB7E688" box="[831,925,649,675]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), shorter gonapohyses VIII, that do not reach to the tip of the subgenital plate (extending over subgenital plate in
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FC59F2C62AD3E6EC" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[923,1017,685,711]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FC59F2C62AD3E6EC" box="[923,1017,685,711]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">brevipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and lack of dorsal lobes on the mid and hind legs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF70D8B5FF05F29E2A23E718" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF05F29E2A23E718" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FF05F29E2864E724" bold="true" box="[199,334,757,783]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Etymology.</emphasis>
The name (
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF70D8B5FE13F29E2B0AE724" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[465,544,757,783]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FE13F29E2B0AE724" box="[465,544,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">solidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lat. = solid, stable) refers to the stocky shape of
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF70D8B5FBF4F29E2D4AE724" box="[1078,1120,757,783]" count="1" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
this distinctive new species, which are the most heavy-built ones in the entire genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF70D8B4FF05F3562BEBE7C6" lastPageId="209" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF05F3562A8BE750" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FF05F3562B24E77D" bold="true" box="[199,526,828,858]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
Description.
<specimenCount id="9D52FD46FF70D8B5FE9DF35528A3E771" box="[351,393,830,858]" count="1" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FE55F35728D5E77D" box="[407,511,828,854]" captionStart="FIGURE 54" captionStartId="374.[151,250,1802,1826]" captionTargetBox="[206,1385,186,1774]" captionTargetId="figure-22@374.[201,1386,181,1778]" captionTargetPageId="374" captionText="FIGURE 54. Phanocles Stål, 1875 habitus: A. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT (French Guiana, St. Jean de Maroni, Nouveau Chantier), dorsolateral view [MNHN]; B. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 06593]; C. P. decorus Zompro, 2001 ♀ HT (Ecuador), dorsolateral view [MNHU]; D. P. berezini sp. n. ♀ PT (captive reared from Mexico, Oaxaca, Xadani village nr. Huantulco), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 07188]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT (Ecuador, Prov. El Oro, Arenillas), dorsolateral view [ANSP]; F. P. aequatorialis (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ (captive reared from Ecuador, Prov. Esmeraldas, Durango), dorsolateral view [coll. FH, No. 06591]; G. P. acutecornutus sp. n. ♂ PT (Bolivia, Prov. Chapare, Villa Tunari), dorsal view [ZSMC]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071601" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071601/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Fig. 54E</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
The unique
<typeStatus id="54EF886DFF70D8B5FD55F3562BD3E77C" box="[663,761,829,855]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is complete except for the tips of both antennae and has only the abdomen somewhat darkened caused by the preservation process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF05F3EE2D79E078" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
Small (body length including subgenital plate 150.0 mm) but very stocky for the genus with a distinctly bi-cornute head, irregularly tubercular thorax, distinctive black spots on the meso- and metasternum and a prominently and unevenly laterally deflexed and lobed abdominal tergum VII. General colour of the
<typeStatus id="54EF886DFF70D8B5FB54F3A62DD2E7CC" box="[1174,1272,973,999]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
ochreous mid brown, the abdomen somewhat darker and with a slight reddish brown hue and legs with a greyish wash. Thoracic tubercles tipped with dark reddish brown; the meso- and metasternum with the largest tubercles marked by a bold, circular black spot. Eyes ochre. Antennae drab with the ventral surface greyish black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF05F43628B4E1F4" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
Head (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FED1F4362850E053" box="[275,378,1117,1144]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="379.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,186,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-17@379.[201,1386,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="379" captionText="FIGURE 59. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT (with small cephalic tubercles), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; B. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT (with prominent cephalic horns), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; C. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view of head, pro and mesonotum [MNHN]; D. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view of mesothorax with median segment showing the typical spines of the metapleurae [MNCR-A]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view of head and prothorax [ANSP]; F. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♂, lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; G. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]; H. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view [MNCN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071617/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Fig. 59E</figureCitation>
): Sub-globose with the vertex weakly convex, scarcely longer than wide, broadest at the eyes and the genae somewhat narrowing posteriorly.Vertex behind the eyes with a prominent pair of laterally compressed, carinate and irregularly dentate, apically pointed and somewhat lateral directed horns that project by about one-third the height of head capsule. Vertex otherwise irregularly tubercular and the genae supplied with a few small, scattered nodes. Frons with a shallow, oval impression between bases of antennae and a pair of obtuse tubercles between the eyes. Eyes slightly angular dorsally, rather small and moderately projecting from head capsule; their diameter contained about 2.5x in length of genae.Antennae at least projecting beyond posterior margin of mesonotum (broken in the
<typeStatus id="54EF886DFF70D8B5FF20F5322863E158" box="[226,329,1369,1395]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Scapus moderately compressed dorsoventrally and elliptical in cross-section, about 1.3x longer than wide and weakly narrowing towards the base. Pedicellus round in cross-section, constricted towards the apex and a little more than half the length of scapus. III notably shorter than pedicellus and IV with a glossy, node-like basal swelling dorsally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B5FF05F5822C46E340" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
Thorax: Pronotum somewhat shorter and narrower than head, roughly rectangular in dorsal aspect and about 1.4x longer than wide; the lateral margins very gently concave. Surface unevenly supplied with rather small but variably sized tubercles and granules. Transverse median sulcus prominently impressed (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FBBFF65A2DC8E267" box="[1149,1250,1585,1612]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="379.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,186,1759]" captionTargetId="figure-17@379.[201,1386,181,1763]" captionTargetPageId="379" captionText="FIGURE 59. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT (with small cephalic tubercles), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; B. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ PT (with prominent cephalic horns), lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; C. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view of head, pro and mesonotum [MNHN]; D. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsolateral view of mesothorax with median segment showing the typical spines of the metapleurae [MNCR-A]; E. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view of head and prothorax [ANSP]; F. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♂, lateral view of head and prothorax [MNHN]; G. P. virgulatus (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]; H. P. ecuadoricus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view [MNCN]; J. P. falcatus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsolateral view of head and prothorax [coll. FH]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071617/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Fig. 59E</figureCitation>
), almost straight and expanding over entire width of segment. The medio-longitudinal line notably impressed in posterior half of segment. Mesothorax 5.3x longer than prothorax, gently widened pre-medially and posteriorly. Metanotum less than one third the length of mesonotum, somewhat narrowing towards the posterior and only 1.7x longer than wide. Meso- and metanotum both with an obtuse medio-longitudinal carina and unevenly set with granules and tubercles of variable sizes, these generally more pronounced on mesonotum although and the largest conical. Meso- and metapleurae with a longitudinal median row of moderately sized conical tubercles and otherwise minutely tubercular or granulose. Meso- and metasternum more sparsely granulose than terga and pleurae and each with a few somewhat enlarged conical tubercles, that are marked by a black spot (
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF70D8B5FC23F7392D28E340" box="[993,1026,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">ca.</emphasis>
14 on mesosternum;
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF70D8B5FB31F73A2C4AE340" box="[1267,1376,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="407.[151,250,1776,1800]" captionTargetBox="[233,1351,181,1752]" captionTargetId="figure-17@407.[232,1355,181,1752]" captionTargetPageId="407" captionText="FIGURE 87. Mesosternum: A. Phanocloidea incolumis (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) ♀ [NHMUK]; B. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) ♀ [coll. FH]; C. Phanocloidea muricata (Burmeister, 1838) ♂ [coll. FH]; D. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. ♀ PT [coll. FH]; E. Phanocloidea venezuelica sp. n. ♂ PT [coll. FH]; F. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) ♀ [coll. FH]; G. Phanocloidea turgida (Westwood, 1859) ♂ [coll. FH]; H. Phanocloidea tobagoense (Langlois &amp; Bellanger, 2012) ♀ HT [MNHN]; J. Phanocloidea submutica (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [ANSP]; K. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [ANSP]; L. Phanocloidea schulthessi (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♂ [ANSP]; M. Phanocles solidus sp. n. ♀ HT [ANSP]; N. Phanocles horni (Redtenbacher, 1908) ♀ [coll. FH]. Not in scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071680/files/figure.png" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">Fig. 87M</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF70D8B4FF05F71E29DAE73E" blockId="208.[151,1437,361,2043]" lastBlockId="209.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="209" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="208" pageNumber="209">
Abdomen: Median segment scarcely longer than metanotum, about 2x longer than width at anterior margin, minutely and sparsely tubercular and with the lateral margins distinctly concave; the medio-longitudinal carina just weakly indicated. Segment II somewhat less than three-quarters the length of median segment, rectangular and 1.7x longer than wide. IIIVI roughly uniform in length and diameter, 1.2x longer than II and on average 2x longer than wide; VII shorter than all preceding segments. All terga sparsely supplied with some nodes and with two obtuse longitudinal lateral bulges parallel to lateral margins. Tergum VII with most of lateral margins strongly deflexed to form a basically rounded lobe that has the outer margin unevenly undulate, laterally projects by about half the width of segment and posteriorly distinctly projects beyond the posterior margin of the tergum (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF71D8B4FB75F1682C3BE536" box="[1207,1297,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="383.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@383.[151,1435,199,1768]" captionTargetPageId="383" captionText="FIGURE 63. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; B. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; C. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNCR-A]; H. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNCR-A]; J. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNCR-A]; K. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; O. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071627/files/figure.png" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Figs. 63</figureCitation>
N-P). Sterna minutely granulose and each with a distinct longitudinal lateral carina that becomes increasingly more lamellate towards the posterior and terminates in a rounded lobe on VI and VII; on VII these are forming rounded lobes that notably project beyond the posterior margin of sternum. Terga VIIIX roughly uniform in width and less than two-thirds as wide as preceding segment. VIII slightly narrowing towards the posterior, somewhat trapezoidal in dorsal aspect and scarcely more than half the length of VII. IX three-quarters the length of VIII and roughly quadrate in outline with the lateral margins protruded into a small, rounded lobe posterolaterally. Anal segment about as long as VIII, somewhat narrowed posteriorly, carinate medio-longitudinally and with the posterior margin somewhat undulate and multi-carinate dorsally but basically rectangular in outline; the lateral margins rectangular and with a small, rounded lobe at the angle (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF71D8B4FDCDF22C2B8CE64A" box="[527,678,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="383.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@383.[151,1435,199,1768]" captionTargetPageId="383" captionText="FIGURE 63. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; B. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; C. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNCR-A]; H. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNCR-A]; J. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNCR-A]; K. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; O. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071627/files/figure.png" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Figs. 63NO</figureCitation>
). Epiproct very small and wholly concealed by anal segment. Cerci small, slender and with the apex slightly club-like. Gonapophyses VIII projecting notably beyond anal segment, gently upcurved and with the interior surface canaliculated (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF71D8B4FCF3F2E42AB3E682" box="[817,921,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="383.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@383.[151,1435,199,1768]" captionTargetPageId="383" captionText="FIGURE 63. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; B. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; C. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNCR-A]; H. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNCR-A]; J. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNCR-A]; K. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; O. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071627/files/figure.png" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Fig. 63N</figureCitation>
). Subgenital plate distinctly keeled and rugose in the apical half with the apex narrowly rounded and projecting beyond tip of abdomen by somewhat less than length of anal segment (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF71D8B4FE70F2BC2B62E6DA" box="[434,584,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="383.[151,250,1792,1816]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,204,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-17@383.[151,1435,199,1768]" captionTargetPageId="383" captionText="FIGURE 63. Phanocles Stål, 1875 terminalia of ♀♀: A. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; B. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; C. P. cuzcoense sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; D. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; E. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; F. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; G. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [MNCR-A]; H. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [MNCR-A]; J. P. pleurospinosus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [MNCR-A]; K. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, lateral view [coll. FH]; L. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, dorsal view [coll. FH]; M. P. falcatus sp. n. ♀ PT, ventral view [coll. FH]; N. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, lateral view [ANSP]; O. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, dorsal view [ANSP]; P. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, ventral view [ANSP]; Q. P. satyr (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071627/files/figure.png" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Figs. 63NP</figureCitation>
); basal half with a somewhat undulate longitudinal carina on each lateral surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF71D8B4FF05F3742BEBE7C6" blockId="209.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
Legs: All fairly short, stocky, distinctly carinated and the meso- and metafemora distinctly arched. Profemora about as long as mesothorax, mesofemora scarcely longer than metathorax, metafemora reaching about half the way along abdominal segment IV and metatarsi reaching to abdominal segment VII. Both outer ventral carinae of meso- and metafemora distinctly deflexed about one-quarter off the base to form an irregularly multi-dentate lobe (
<figureCitation id="136F2A4AFF71D8B4FF5DF3C42824E7E2" box="[159,270,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="387.[151,250,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[213,1374,186,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-17@387.[213,1374,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="387" captionText="FIGURE 67. Phanocles Stål, 1875: A. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; B.. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view of terminalia [coll. FH]; C. P. horni (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; D. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), lateral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; E. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), dorsal view of terminalia [coll. FH]; F. P. saussurei (Redtenbacher, 1908), ventral view of terminalia [coll. FH]; G. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♂ PT, lateral view of terminalia [UMMZ, © Erika Tucker]; H. P. mexicanus sp. n. ♂ PT, dorsal view of terminalia [UMMZ, © Erika Tucker]; J. P. chiapasense sp. n. ♂ HT, lateral view of terminalia [ZMUH]; K. P. chiapasense sp. n. ♂ HT, dorsal view of terminalia [ZMUH]; L. P. maroniensis (Chopard, 1911) ♀ HT, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [MNHN]; M. P. solidus sp. n. ♀ HT, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [ANSP]; N. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀, right mesofemur in interolateral view [coll. FH]; O. P. ploiaria (Westwood, 1859) ♀, right mesofemur in intero-lateral view [coll. FH]; P. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, right metatibia in intero-lateral view [ANSP]; Q. P. brevipes sp. n. ♀ HT, left mid leg in intero-lateral view [ANSP]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11071635" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11071635/files/figure.png" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Fig. 67M</figureCitation>
). All basitrasi with a distinct, rounded dorsal lobe (most prominent on probasitarsi) and about as long as remaining tarsomeres except claw taken together.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34E6544FF71D8B4FF05F39D2BE0E072" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF71D8B4FF05F39D2B51E03A" blockId="209.[151,1437,151,1041]" box="[199,635,1014,1041]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF71D8B4FF05F39D2865E03B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1014,1040]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Comments.</emphasis>
Males and eggs unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEB36CFFF71D8B4FF55F42A2BE0E072" blockId="209.[151,714,1088,1113]" box="[151,714,1088,1113]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF71D8B4FF55F42A282AE073" bold="true" box="[151,256,1088,1113]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Table 47:</emphasis>
Measurements of
<taxonomicName id="4C544D4CFF71D8B4FE04F42B2BA2E073" authority="Hennemann &amp; Conle, 2024" authorityName="Hennemann &amp; Conle" authorityYear="2024" box="[454,648,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Diapheromeridae" genus="Phanocles" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phasmida" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF71D8B4FE04F42B2BA2E073" box="[454,648,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">Phanocles solidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B920EADDFF71D8B4FD4CF42A2BE0E072" bold="true" box="[654,714,1089,1113]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357A6FF71D8B4FD4CF42A2BE0E072" box="[654,714,1089,1113]" pageId="209" pageNumber="210" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>