296 lines
38 KiB
XML
296 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="9E5BE1AC96484BF779E5D57858E2E294" ID-CLB-Dataset="22319" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2013.41" ID-GBIF-Dataset="386010a0-6da4-4fa3-9d1a-4b3b5427cac5" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3814221" ID-ZooBank="A2F1B9ED-870A-466E-B35E-BD5DA782476E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588881240389" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kröger, Björn" docDate="2013" docId="AD4D9054CD256A24F05A4650FE74FC15" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-41.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 41" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="5174E82CCD646A66F260472AFFA5FFBD" masterDocTitle="The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1698838944441" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6F858CC43E7400F6BC36D9EA9B57EBE2">The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="51AFDF8EDA45D2306F9A90763BCD95D5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="37300966E596700E6DE180D925845A25">Kröger, Björn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="70EE0F0AE06BECE9D42200363DB0420F">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="29B3B5ED7B672448DE129099147941FC">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="91D302614B43AC98551A42ADD01D5495">2013-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AB5337F82F4544C290C9870F5C11AA26">41</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AD4D9054CD256A24F05A4650FE74FC15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3815092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163977263" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3815092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD4D9054CD256A24F05A4650FE74FC15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD4D9054CD256A24F05A4650FE74FC15" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F05A4650FC5FFE28" box="[570,1018,378,405]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F05A4650FC5FFE28" blockId="65.[570,1018,378,440]" box="[570,1018,378,405]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F05A4650FC5FFE28" box="[570,1018,378,405]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F05A4650FC5FFE28" authority="Niko, 2008" authorityName="Niko" authorityYear="2008" box="[570,1018,378,405]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wahlenbergi">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F05A4650FCCAFE28" bold="true" box="[570,879,378,405]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Isorthoceras wahlenbergi</emphasis>
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Niko, 2008
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F0D646B4FCD8FE05" box="[694,893,414,440]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F0D646B4FCD8FE05" blockId="65.[570,1018,378,440]" box="[694,893,414,440]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F0D646B4FCB0FE05" box="[694,789,414,440]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[190,233,1850,1876]" captionTargetBox="[190,1401,974,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[190,1401,974,1806]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Orthoconic cephalopods of the Boda Limestone. A. Cameroceras turrisoides sp. nov., PMU 26613, holotype, Unskarsheden, lateral view. B. Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al., 2011, PMU 26794, Kallholn. C. Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008, PMU 26893 and 26894, Kallholn. D. Order, gen. et sp. indet., PMU 26950, Kallholn, lateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814231/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F14146B4FCE4FE05" box="[801,833,414,440]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="57.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[244,1265,905,1695]" captionTargetId="graphics@57.[364,1265,905,1557]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="Fig. 26. Variability of the angle of expansion in fragments of different diameters of Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008 (black points) and Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al., 2010 (grey points). The black circles refer to specimens figured in Kröger et al. (2011: fig.11) and identified as I. dalecarlense, therein. The complete dataset, presented herein, demonstrates that a definite species distinction by angle of expansion and size alone is impossible in fragmentary specimens with angles of expansion between 6° and 8°. Additionally, the complete dataset reveals that specimens with conch diameter> 7 mm and angle of expansion> 8° in Kröger et al. (2011: fig. 11) must correctly be interpreted as fragments of I. wahlenbergi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814277/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">26</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F12D46B4FCD8FE05" box="[845,893,414,440]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 28. Color marks in Isorthoceras Flower, 1962, Boda Limestone. Longitudinal striae of varying width occur in several specimen of Isorthoceras; see text for discussion. A. Isorthoceras heroyense (Strand, 1934) comb. nov., PMU 26831, Kallholn. B. Isorthoceras suave (Angelin in Angelin & Lindström, 1880) comb. nov., PMU 26835, Osmundsberget. C. Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008, PMU 26862, Kallholn. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814283/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">28C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F2DD46F5FCD1FE44" box="[189,884,479,506]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD46F5FCD1FE44" blockId="65.[189,884,479,506]" box="[189,884,479,506]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F2DD46F5FD16FE47" authority="Niko, 2008: 195" authorityName="Niko" authorityPageNumber="195" authorityYear="2008" box="[189,691,479,506]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wahlenbergi">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD46F5FE4EFE44" box="[189,491,479,505]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Isorthoceras wahlenbergi</emphasis>
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Niko, 2008: 195
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 6, fig. 1.1-6.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F2DD450BFEADFCA7" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD450BFE93FD86" blockId="65.[189,310,545,571]" box="[189,310,545,571]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F2DD450BFE93FD86" bold="true" box="[189,310,545,571]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD450BFE93FD86" bold="true" box="[189,310,545,571]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD4565FEADFCA7" blockId="65.[189,1399,591,794]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F2DD4565FEF4FDD4" authorityName="Flower" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,337,591,617]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD4565FEF4FDD4" box="[189,337,591,617]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Isorthoceras</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with circular conch cross section; smooth shell surface; weakly curved growth axis with siphuncle slightly eccentric on concave side of curvature; angle of expansion ca. 9°; mature body chamber with maximum diameter of
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and two constrictions on body chamber cast; position of siphuncle shifting sightly toward the center during ontogeny; siphuncular segments pyriform to fusiform; with weakly developed endosiphuncular deposits; septal necks short, cyrtochoanitic. (Adopted from Niko 2008.)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F2DD446BFAD2FBFD" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD446BFE5EFCE6" blockId="65.[189,507,833,859]" box="[189,507,833,859]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F2DD446BFE5EFCE6" bold="true" box="[189,507,833,859]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD446BFE5EFCE6" bold="true" box="[189,507,833,859]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<typeStatus id="FA5F9FE0CD256A27F2DD446BFF5FFCE6" box="[189,250,833,859]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Type</typeStatus>
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locality and horizon
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD4445FEECFC10" blockId="65.[189,1398,879,941]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Jutjärn Quarry, Siljan district,
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<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD256A27F0504445FD35FC34" box="[560,656,879,905]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD256A27F0C04445FCA4FC34" box="[672,769,879,905]" name="Sweden" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Sweden</collectingCountry>
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; Boda Limestone, Boda Core Member, late Katian, Ordovician.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD44FEFE0FFC53" blockId="65.[189,426,980,1006]" box="[189,426,980,1006]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F2DD44FEFE0FFC53" bold="true" box="[189,426,980,1006]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD44FEFE0FFC53" bold="true" box="[189,426,980,1006]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD4328FAD2FBFD" blockId="65.[189,1399,1026,1089]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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Fifty-five specimens in the collections of the
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<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD256A27F0A44329FCADFBA0" box="[708,776,1027,1053]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">PMU</collectionCode>
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: two specimens (
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<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD256A27F1AB4329FBA8FBA0" box="[971,1037,1027,1053]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">PMU</collectionCode>
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26842, 26843), Unskarsheden,
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<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD256A27F2DD430CFEBBFBFD" box="[189,286,1062,1088]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
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;
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<specimenCount id="33E2EACBCD256A27F349430CFE6DFBFD" box="[297,456,1062,1089]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="generic">53 specimens</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="43F5B987CD256A27F3B7430CFDBCFBFD" box="[471,537,1062,1088]" country="Sweden" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/32ji-dbbk" name="Paleontological Museum of Uppsala" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">PMU</collectionCode>
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26844–26896), Kallholn,
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<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD256A27F12F430CFC15FBFD" box="[847,944,1062,1088]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
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; all from Boda Limestone, late Katian.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A27F2DD434DFAB1FA55" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="description">
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD434DFEEBFB3C" blockId="65.[189,334,1127,1153]" box="[189,334,1127,1153]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F2DD434DFEEBFB3C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1127,1153]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD434DFEEBFB3C" bold="true" box="[189,334,1127,1153]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD43BCFD4FFA3E" blockId="65.[189,1399,1174,1411]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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The species was described in detail by Niko (2008). Because
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<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F1EA43BDFB91FB0D" authorityName="Niko" authorityYear="2008" box="[906,1076,1174,1200]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wahlenbergi">
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<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F1EA43BDFB91FB0D" box="[906,1076,1174,1200]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I. wahlenbergi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is one of the most common cephalopods in the Boda Limestone. Fifty-three specimens are available for study in the collections of the PMU. This material provides valuable additional data relating to the variability of some of the characters. Measurements of the angle of expansion reveal an increase in the expansion rate up to diameters of ca.
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<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F31E4209FE71FA80" box="[382,468,1315,1341]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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, when an a mean angle of ca. 10° is reached (
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<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F1874208FB9AFA80" box="[999,1087,1314,1341]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="57.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[244,1265,905,1695]" captionTargetId="graphics@57.[364,1265,905,1557]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="Fig. 26. Variability of the angle of expansion in fragments of different diameters of Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008 (black points) and Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al., 2010 (grey points). The black circles refer to specimens figured in Kröger et al. (2011: fig.11) and identified as I. dalecarlense, therein. The complete dataset, presented herein, demonstrates that a definite species distinction by angle of expansion and size alone is impossible in fragmentary specimens with angles of expansion between 6° and 8°. Additionally, the complete dataset reveals that specimens with conch diameter> 7 mm and angle of expansion> 8° in Kröger et al. (2011: fig. 11) must correctly be interpreted as fragments of I. wahlenbergi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814277/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
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). The nearly mature conch expands more slowly and reaches its adult diameter at ca.
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<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F10B426CFC64FADD" box="[875,961,1350,1376]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
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. The mean of all 47 measurements is 9.0° (1
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<superScript id="D2918C0ACD256A27F36D4242FEBDFACB" attach="left" box="[269,280,1384,1398]" fontSize="6" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">st</superScript>
|
||
quantile 8.1°, 3
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<superScript id="D2918C0ACD256A27F3B3424DFE44FAC8" attach="left" box="[467,481,1383,1397]" fontSize="6" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">rd</superScript>
|
||
quantile 10.2°, n=47).
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD4280FAB1FA55" blockId="65.[189,1398,1450,1512]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
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The chamber distance was measured in ten specimens. The chamber height is relatively small, with a mean height 0.23 of the corresponding conch height (1
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|
||
quantile 0.22, 3
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|
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quantile 0.26, n=10).
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD256A24F2DD4125FE96FCAE" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A27F2DD4125FE8AF994" blockId="65.[189,303,1551,1577]" box="[189,303,1551,1577]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD256A27F2DD4125FE8AF994" bold="true" box="[189,303,1551,1577]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD4125FE8AF994" bold="true" box="[189,303,1551,1577]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD256A24F2DD4117FE40FEF4" blockId="65.[189,1399,1597,1941]" lastBlockId="66.[189,1399,267,329]" lastPageId="66" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Three fragments of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F3DC4114FDCBF9E5" authorityName="Niko" authorityYear="2008" box="[444,622,1598,1624]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wahlenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F3DC4114FDCBF9E5" box="[444,622,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I. wahlenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are preserved with a longitudinal color pattern. In specimen PMU 26862 the shell is perfectly smooth; at a conch cross section of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F62C414BFB6BF9C6" box="[1100,1230,1633,1659]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="18.0">18–22 mm</quantity>
|
||
dark reddish, irregularly spaced longitudinal bands occur with a distance of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F1DF41AEFB85F922" box="[959,1056,1668,1695]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(ca. 100 would occur around circumference,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F317418DFE40F97C" box="[375,485,1703,1729]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 28. Color marks in Isorthoceras Flower, 1962, Boda Limestone. Longitudinal striae of varying width occur in several specimen of Isorthoceras; see text for discussion. A. Isorthoceras heroyense (Strand, 1934) comb. nov., PMU 26831, Kallholn. B. Isorthoceras suave (Angelin in Angelin & Lindström, 1880) comb. nov., PMU 26835, Osmundsberget. C. Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008, PMU 26862, Kallholn. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814283/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 28C</figureCitation>
|
||
). In PMU 26850, a portion of the phragmocone with a diameter increasing from 17 to
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F32641E0FE38F958" box="[326,413,1738,1765]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
|
||
, the smooth shell is partly ornamented with striae with a width of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F68741E0FAE6F958" box="[1255,1347,1738,1765]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
and a distance of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD256A27F3EA41C4FE74F8B5" box="[394,465,1774,1800]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(ca. 50 would occur around circumference). The bands are irregularly carved within the surface of the shell, which is otherwise smooth, and are interpreted as diagenetically altered traces of a color pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD256A27F388401EFDE2F8F3" box="[488,583,1844,1870]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[190,233,1850,1876]" captionTargetBox="[190,1401,974,1804]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[190,1401,974,1806]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. Orthoconic cephalopods of the Boda Limestone. A. Cameroceras turrisoides sp. nov., PMU 26613, holotype, Unskarsheden, lateral view. B. Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al., 2011, PMU 26794, Kallholn. C. Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008, PMU 26893 and 26894, Kallholn. D. Order, gen. et sp. indet., PMU 26950, Kallholn, lateral view. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814231/files/figure.png" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
|
||
). A similar longitudinal color pattern is known from other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F2DD407DFEF4F8CC" authorityName="Flower" authorityYear="1962" box="[189,337,1879,1905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F2DD407DFEF4F8CC" box="[189,337,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Isorthoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F3A24072FCA6F8CC" authority="(Hall, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" baseAuthorityYear="1847" box="[450,771,1879,1905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tenuitextum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F3A24072FDC0F8CC" box="[450,613,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I. tenuitextum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD256A27F017407DFD5CF8CC" author="Hall J." box="[631,761,1879,1905]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" refId="ref48004" refString="Hall J. 1847. Natural History of New York, Paleontology, Volume 1, containing Descriptions of the Organic Remains of the Lower Division of the New-York System (Equivalent of the Lower Silurian Rocks of Europe). Van Benthuysen, Albany, New York." type="book" year="1847">Hall, 1847</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F1704072FBF8F8CC" authority="(Foerste, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Foerste" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[784,1117,1879,1905]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="romingeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F1704072FC3BF8CC" box="[784,926,1880,1905]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I. romingeri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD256A27F1D0407DFBF1F8CC" author="Foerste A. F." box="[944,1108,1879,1905]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="47 - 136" refId="ref47686" refString="Foerste A. F. 1932. Black River and other cephalopods from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ontario (Part 1). Journal of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison University 27: 47 - 136." type="journal article" year="1932">Foerste, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD256A27F6FE407DFAD7F8CC" author="Ruedemann R." box="[1182,1394,1879,1905]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="79 - 88" refId="ref49127" refString="Ruedemann R. 1919. On colour bands in Orthoceras. New York State Museum Bulletin 227 - 228: 79 - 88." type="journal article" year="1919">Ruedemann 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD256A27F2DD4051FEFEF829" author="Foerste A. F." box="[189,347,1914,1941]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="47 - 136" refId="ref47686" refString="Foerste A. F. 1932. Black River and other cephalopods from Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Ontario (Part 1). Journal of the Scientific Laboratories of Denison University 27: 47 - 136." type="journal article" year="1932">Foerste 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 10;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD256A27F3DB4051FD3CF829" author="Kroger B. & Servais T. & Zhang Y." box="[443,665,1914,1941]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="7262" refId="ref48402" refString="Kroger B., Servais T. & Zhang Y. 2009. The origin and initial rise of pelagic cephalopods in the Ordovician. PLoS ONE 4 (9): e 7262. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0007262" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Kröger
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F0764051FDF7F829" box="[534,594,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F0CE4051FC98F829" authorityName="Kröger" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Strand" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[686,829,1914,1941]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="heroyense" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F0CE4051FD1DF829" box="[686,696,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F0A74050FC98F829" box="[711,829,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">heroyense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CA3402BCD256A27F1264050FC6DF828" box="[838,968,1914,1941]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD256A27F6634051FBFAF829" authorityName="Kröger" authorityYear="2013" box="[1027,1119,1915,1941]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Orthoceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="suave" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F6634051FBA8F829" box="[1027,1037,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD256A27F67C4051FBFAF829" box="[1052,1119,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">suave</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="0CA3402BCD256A27F6074050FB4FF828" box="[1127,1258,1914,1941]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see above,
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD266A24F2DD4621FEB1FE98" box="[189,276,267,293]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="61.[189,232,1858,1884]" captionTargetBox="[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetId="figure@61.[197,1391,677,1812]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="Fig. 28. Color marks in Isorthoceras Flower, 1962, Boda Limestone. Longitudinal striae of varying width occur in several specimen of Isorthoceras; see text for discussion. A. Isorthoceras heroyense (Strand, 1934) comb. nov., PMU 26831, Kallholn. B. Isorthoceras suave (Angelin in Angelin & Lindström, 1880) comb. nov., PMU 26835, Osmundsberget. C. Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008, PMU 26862, Kallholn. Scale bar = 10 mm for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814283" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814283/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Because color pattern is relatively rarely preserved, its relevance for species differentiation is not known at the present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD266A24F2DD465AFEFDFE37" blockId="66.[189,344,368,394]" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD266A24F2DD465AFEFDFE37" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F2DD465AFEFDFE37" bold="true" box="[189,344,368,394]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Comparison</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD266A24F2DD46B4FB1FFD9E" blockId="66.[189,1399,414,547]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
This species constitutes a large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F05046B4FD61FE05" authorityName="Flower" authorityYear="1962" box="[560,708,414,440]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F05046B4FD61FE05" box="[560,708,414,440]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Isorthoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It is similar in size to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F1B346B5FAD7FE04" authority="Kroger et al., 2011" authorityName="Kroger" authorityYear="2011" box="[979,1394,414,441]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalecarliense">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F1B346B5FC78FE05" box="[979,989,415,440]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F18C46B4FB2FFE05" box="[1004,1162,414,440]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">dalecarliense</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD266A24F6F146B5FAD7FE04" author="Kroger B. & Ebbestad J. O. R. & Hogstrom A. E. S. & Frisk A. M." box="[1169,1394,414,441]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="35 - 53" refId="ref48453" refString="Kroger B., Ebbestad J. O. R., Hogstrom A. E. S. & Frisk A. M. 2011. Mass concentration of Hirnantian cephalopods from the Siljan District, Sweden; taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiogeographic relationship. Fossil Record 14: 35 - 53. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / mmng. 201000014" type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Kröger
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F68C46B5FA82FE05" box="[1260,1319,414,440]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from which it differs in having a smaller angle of expansion of ca. 6° (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BDDF3DC7CD266A24F64346E8FBDBFE60" box="[1059,1150,450,477]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="57.[189,232,1752,1778]" captionTargetBox="[244,1265,905,1695]" captionTargetId="graphics@57.[364,1265,905,1557]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="Fig. 26. Variability of the angle of expansion in fragments of different diameters of Isorthoceras wahlenbergi Niko, 2008 (black points) and Isorthoceras dalecarlense Kröger et al., 2010 (grey points). The black circles refer to specimens figured in Kröger et al. (2011: fig.11) and identified as I. dalecarlense, therein. The complete dataset, presented herein, demonstrates that a definite species distinction by angle of expansion and size alone is impossible in fragmentary specimens with angles of expansion between 6° and 8°. Additionally, the complete dataset reveals that specimens with conch diameter> 7 mm and angle of expansion> 8° in Kröger et al. (2011: fig. 11) must correctly be interpreted as fragments of I. wahlenbergi." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3814277" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3814277/files/figure.png" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F6F646E9FAA1FE61" authorityName="Hall in Miller" authorityYear="1877" box="[1174,1284,450,476]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Orthoceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sociale">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F6F646E9FB05FE61" box="[1174,1184,451,476]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F6D146E8FAA1FE61" box="[1201,1284,450,476]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">sociale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Maquoketa Formation, late Katian of the north-central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD266A24F15E46CFFCD2FE42" box="[830,887,485,511]" name="United States of America" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
is similar in dimension and general outline, but differs in having a less expanded siphuncle and a smaller adult size of only
|
||
<quantity id="E21C8CA7CD266A24F6004522FB10FD9E" box="[1120,1205,520,547]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD266A24F2DD4563FE96FCAE" blockId="66.[189,1399,585,787]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="41755CB3CD266A24F2DD4563FED6FDD9" author="Holland C. H." box="[189,371,585,612]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="37 - 44" refId="ref48053" refString="Holland C. H. 1993. Nautiloid Cephalopods of the Kildare Limestone (Ashgill), Ireland. Geological Journal 28: 37 - 44. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 3350280104" type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD266A24F2DD4563FEB9FDDE" box="[189,284,585,611]" name="Netherlands" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1993)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described and figured a number of specimens from the late Katian Kildare Limestone of Ireland under the name ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F39D4547FD26FD3A" box="[509,643,621,647]" class="Liliopsida" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Orthoceras" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F39D4547FD26FD3A" box="[509,643,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Orthoceras</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F0F24544FCA8FD3A" box="[658,781,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">gregarium</emphasis>
|
||
J. De C. Sowerb, 1839. These specimens are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F2BC45BBFE23FD17" authorityName="Niko" authorityYear="2008" box="[220,390,656,682]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="wahlenbergi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F2BC45BBFF43FD17" box="[220,230,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">I</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F29445BAFE23FD17" box="[244,390,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">wahlenbergi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in general conch shape, in septal spacing and siphuncle position, as well as in having a smooth surface, and probably must be synonymized with the latter. However, because the internal characters are not known from the Kildare Limestone cephalopods, a synonymization is impossible at this point.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6DFE72C9CD266A24F2DD4411FE74FC15" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD266A24F2DD4411FDD8FCE8" blockId="66.[189,637,827,853]" box="[189,637,827,853]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<heading id="7E13962ECD266A24F2DD4411FDD8FCE8" bold="true" box="[189,637,827,853]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F2DD4411FDD8FCE8" bold="true" box="[189,637,827,853]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Stratigraphic and geographic range</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="255B2142CD266A24F2DD4443FE74FC15" blockId="66.[189,1398,873,936]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
Boda Limestone-Glisstjärn Formation, late Katian-Hirnantian,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="E720EFA0CD266A24F1DE4443FBBBFC3E" box="[958,1054,873,899]" country="Sweden" name="Dalarna" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Dalarna</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5DF361D2CD266A24F64F4443FB29FC3E" box="[1071,1164,873,899]" name="Sweden" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see discussion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2E45AC1CD266A24F2DD44A4FECEFC1A" box="[189,363,909,935]" class="Cephalopoda" family="Proteoceratidae" genus="Isorthoceras" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthocerida" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalecarlense">
|
||
<emphasis id="1790FD50CD266A24F2DD44A4FECEFC1A" box="[189,363,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">I. dalecarlense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |