363 lines
54 KiB
XML
363 lines
54 KiB
XML
<document id="8D708F9F197366D0ADD878A5369A6CC7" ID-CLB-Dataset="22516" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4685.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="77e441b5-2bdc-4c26-b6fc-b007d8d9ca25" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3772829" ID-ZooBank="5A946337-6921-45CB-B6F8-F64BC48F2D5A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588058821214" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene & Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2019" docId="03E287CBB221FF97F3D08778FF5BFA3A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4685.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4685 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Buffingtonella politus Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar 2019, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFDBFFB3B22BFF9BF347856CFF91FFDD" masterDocTitle="Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species" masterLastPageNumber="67" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698837771968" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="299B1171DCC3B369A182534E10A94AE6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8A08D98E6298F8D84CB579A9FB6A8694">
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<mods:title id="1CB519E9767E8B3A220F9E62DF1190A6">Revision of world Ceroptresini (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) with the description of a new genus and five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A57FAEF12468661521693AB6092310BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A333F1D70176850B21C52D25BB82A741">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="01D210206FE49DF31B70590CC7DF650C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="736F39ECF299A28479EB6B61A403179E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="71D4A1335FF21DAA67E3C71C98202F83">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="745660763FDD87B44AE8FDFFEEB5204E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B6DA632C6749B5577687371CB5675282">
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<mods:date id="4AEB9599E9FCFC8D33142B8E4CFEE7EB">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3764769708BA43FCDC6C3EC773B865BD">2019-10-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8B4060842669D54823D8EC071BCABC28">4685</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="ACBBAD503B2DBF50F66988DF1E7DA3EC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4685.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E287CBB221FF97F3D08778FF5BFA3A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3797543" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163830189" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3797543" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E287CBB221FF97F3D08778FF5BFA3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E287CBB221FF97F3D08778FF5BFA3A" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF91F3D08778FC99FDF3" box="[151,776,532,559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3D08778FC99FDF3" blockId="10.[151,776,532,594]" box="[151,776,532,559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0BC81B1B221FF91F3D08778FC99FDF3" bold="true" box="[151,776,532,559]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3D08778FC99FDF3" bold="true" box="[151,776,532,559]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F3D08778FDEBFDF3" authority="(Ashmead, 1896)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,634,532,559]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3D08778FE33FDF2" bold="true" box="[151,418,532,559]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Buffingtonella politus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB221FF91F2F78778FDE3FDF3" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[432,626,532,558]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B221FF91F1C58778FC99FDF3" box="[642,776,532,558]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF91F3D08754FE99FD8F" box="[151,264,568,594]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3D08754FE99FD8F" blockId="10.[151,776,532,594]" box="[151,264,568,594]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F3D88754FE91FD8F" box="[159,256,568,594]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF91F3D0871AFB9FFD53" box="[151,1038,629,654]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3D0871AFB9FFD53" blockId="10.[151,1038,629,654]" box="[151,1038,629,654]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F3D0871AFE7CFD53" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,493,629,654]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3D0871AFED7FD50" box="[151,326,629,653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB221FF91F20C8719FE7CFD53" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[331,493,629,654]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F2B0871AFD57FD50" box="[503,710,630,653]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.</emphasis>
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23: 187.
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F062871AFCC6FD53" box="[805,855,630,654]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type</typeStatus>
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material: USNM.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF91F3D087D9FEDAFB86" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3D087D9FEDAFB86" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3D087D9FE46FD12" bold="true" box="[151,471,692,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Type material (examined).</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F2A687D9FD10FD12" box="[481,641,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F1D287D9FD36FD12" box="[661,679,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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) with the following labels: ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F0B687D9FB29FD12" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[1009,1208,693,719]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">Ceroptres politus</taxonomicName>
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Ashm’ (white label with a black frame, handwritten) / ‘Type No. 3285
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<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB221FF91F19F87B5FC98FD2E" box="[728,777,729,755]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘Va May 20 · 84, ovopositing in midrib of leaf of Q. rubra’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Through C. V. Riley’ (white label) / ‘
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F7038791FB28FCCA" box="[1092,1209,765,791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F7878792FB44FCC5" box="[1216,1237,766,792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F79C8792FEDDFCE6" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F79C8792FA0DFCCA" box="[1243,1436,765,792]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB221FF91F3D0864DFEDDFCE6" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[151,332,801,827]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F184864DFBAEFCE1" authority="(Ashmead)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[707,1087,801,828]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F184864DFC29FCE6" box="[707,952,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Buffingtonella politus</emphasis>
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(Ashmead)
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</taxonomicName>
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IL-V det. 2019’ (white label).
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F3D08629FE1FFC82" box="[151,398,837,863]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paralectotype">PARALECTOTYPES</typeStatus>
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(
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F2E78629FE52FC82" box="[416,451,837,863]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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&
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F2A08629FD9BFC82" box="[487,522,837,863]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
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) with the following labels: ‘Through C. V. Riley’ (white label) / ‘3374, from ribgall on leaf of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F27C8605FE67FC5E" authority=", In Apr." authorityName="In Apr." box="[315,502,873,900]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">Q. rubra, In Apr.</taxonomicName>
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27 · 85’ (white label, handwritten) / ‘Type No. 3285
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<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB221FF91F70B8605FBEDFC5E" box="[1100,1148,873,899]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USN- MENT 00892998’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F1CA86E1FCBAFC7A" box="[653,811,909,935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F07586E2FCD6FC75" box="[818,839,910,936]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F01786E2FB5CFC7A" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[848,1229,909,936]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F01786E2FB83FC7A" box="[848,1042,909,936]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB221FF91F75E86E1FB5CFC7A" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1049,1229,909,935]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F26E86DDFD31FC11" authority="(Ashmead)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[297,672,945,972]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F26E86DDFD8DFC16" box="[297,540,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Buffingtonella politus</emphasis>
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||
(Ashmead)
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</taxonomicName>
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IL-V det. 2019’ (
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F02386DDFC19FC16" box="[868,904,945,971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
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); ‘3374, In Apr. 29 · 85’ (white label, handwrit- ten) / ‘Through C. V. Riley’ (white label) / ‘Type No. 3285
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<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB221FF91F07186B9FCF6FC32" box="[822,871,981,1007]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">U.S.</collectingCountry>
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N.M.’ (red label) / ‘USNMENT 00892509’ (white label, QR code) / ‘
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<typeStatus id="54F0887FB221FF91F2278695FE6FFBCE" box="[352,510,1017,1043]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F1438696FD88FBC9" box="[516,537,1018,1044]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F1678696FC09FBCE" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[544,920,1017,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F1678696FD71FBCE" box="[544,736,1017,1044]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB221FF91F1A28695FC09FBCE" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[741,920,1017,1043]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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, IL-V desig-2017’ (red label) / ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F7BB8695FEF6FBE5" authority="(Ashmead)" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
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<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F7BB8695FF72FBEA" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Buffingtonella politus</emphasis>
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||
(Ashmead)
|
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</taxonomicName>
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IL-V det. 2019’ (white label) (
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F1858171FD70FBEA" box="[706,737,1053,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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); same data as the previous one, but Apr. 30 · 85 and QR code 00892776 (
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<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B221FF91F25D812DFEAAFB86" box="[282,315,1089,1115]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF91F3808108FE22FB79" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3808108FE22FB79" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3808108FED3FBA2" bold="true" box="[199,322,1124,1151]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The morphological traits that diagnose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F04A810AFCEBFBA2" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[781,890,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F04A810AFCEBFBA2" box="[781,890,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B. politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the same as those outlined in the diagnosis section of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB221FF91F24B81E5FE3DFB7E" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" box="[268,428,1161,1187]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F24B81E5FE3DFB7E" box="[268,428,1161,1187]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Buffingtonella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516556B221FF97F38081C0FCA4FC7A" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F38081C0FC39FB1A" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" box="[199,936,1196,1224]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F38081C0FEFCFB1A" bold="true" box="[199,365,1196,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F23B81C1FDA6FB1A" bold="true" box="[380,567,1197,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Female. Length</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B38B221FF91F19281C1FCCDFB15" box="[725,860,1197,1224]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F38081BCFD04FAEE" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F38081BCFE9AFB36" bold="true" box="[199,267,1232,1259]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F25C81BDFEFFFB36" box="[283,366,1233,1259]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
). Brown to chestnut. Head and mesosoma dark brown; tegulae yellow. Antennae and legs, yellow to testaceous; middle and posterior coxae, infuscated; femorae, dusky. Metasoma brown to chestnut, darker posteriorly. Wings hyaline, veins pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3808051FEF9F939" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3808051FE96FA8A" bold="true" box="[199,263,1341,1367]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. In anterior view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F29E8051FDD3FA85" box="[473,578,1341,1368]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2e, f</figureCitation>
|
||
) round-shaped, about 1.1 times as wide as high, genae not expanded behind compound eyes. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with a few weak striae radiating from sides of clypeus and reaching compound eyes, one of them reaching the external margin of the toruli; medially without striae; with neither vertical carinae nor a depressed area between or below the toruli. Clypeus distinct, slightly projected over mandibles. Malar space almost 0.5 times as long as height of compound eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal sulcus absent, epistomal sulcus slightly impressed. Transfacial line about as long as height of compound eye. Toruli situated slightly below mid-height of compound eye; distance between torulus and compound eye shorter than diameter of the toruli; distance between the toruli clearly shorter than diameter of the toruli. Front finely coriaceous, apparently smooth, with scarce small piliferous punctures; frontal carinae absent. Head in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F6608331FAE8F9AA" box="[1319,1401,1629,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B38B221FF91F61B8331FAE8F9AA" box="[1372,1401,1629,1655]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="g" value="2.0">2g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
) is about 1.9 times as wide as long. Vertex finely coriaceous, apparently smooth, without punctures. POL:OOL:LOL = 14:7:6 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 5.5. Occiput (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F1AF83C9FCC5F91D" box="[744,852,1701,1728]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2c, d</figureCitation>
|
||
) finely coriaceous to alutaceous, appearing smooth, without punctures.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF91F3808380FE02F8AE" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3808380FEABF8DA" bold="true" box="[199,314,1772,1799]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F20C8381FE0AF8D5" box="[331,411,1773,1800]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2i</figureCitation>
|
||
). 12-segmented; subclavate, just slightly broadened apically; pubescence dense and short. Scape plus pedicel slightly longer than F1; pedicel about as long as wide; F1 about 0.8 times as long as F2, F2 and F3 subequal, the following segments progressively shorter. Last flagellar segment 3.2 times as long as wide and 1.3 times as long as F8+9.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB221FF97F3808211FC54FE2A" blockId="10.[151,1437,692,2016]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB221FF91F3808211FED4F84A" bold="true" box="[199,325,1917,1943]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
. About 1.4 times as long as high in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B221FF91F0308211FC5BF84A" box="[887,970,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
), including nucha, with moderately long, but not densely pubescence. Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.4. Dorsal part of pronotal plate complete, with two distinct and widely separated foveae. Lateral pronotum dorsally coriaceous, basally imbricated; without lateral carina. Mesoscutum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F17685F5FD10FF6E" box="[561,641,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
) 1.1 times as wide as long, finely coriaceous, apparently smooth; anterior grooves narrow and weakly impressed, extending 1/3 of the mesoscutal length. Notauli incomplete, extending half of the mesoscutal length, very wide posteriorly and smooth. Parapsidal grooves narrow and weakly impressed, surpassing tegulae. Median groove short and shallow, only visible in the posterior 1/4 of the mesoscutum. Mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F24F8445FEC9FE9E" box="[264,344,297,323]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
) 1.3 times as long as wide, laterally and posteriorly wrinkled, medially finely coriaceous; circumscutellar carina absent; scutellar foveae long and extending to the sides of the mesoscutellum, well defined, weakly sculptured and separated by a very wide septum. Mesopleuron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F025841DFC23FE56" box="[866,946,369,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
) smooth and shiny; little pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F2C784F9FE42FE72" box="[384,467,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
|
||
) reaching 4/5 of the mesopleural height. Propodeum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F70084F9FB04FE6D" box="[1095,1173,405,432]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2j</figureCitation>
|
||
) faintly pubescent and weakly sculptured, almost smooth; propodeal carinae straight in the anterior 1/3, the posterior 2/3 clearly divergent and terminally somewhat branched. Nucha sulcate dorsally and laterally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF346655B220FF90F3D0820AFE6EF836" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" targetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB220FF90F3D0820AFE6EF836" blockId="11.[151,1437,1894,2027]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB220FF90F3D0820AFE85F8A2" bold="true" box="[151,276,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB220FF90F28C820BFCB7F8A2" authority="Ashmead, 1896" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[459,806,1894,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB220FF90F28C820BFDEAF8A2" box="[459,635,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB220FF90F1C5820AFCB7F8A2" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[642,806,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB220FF90F77382C3FB1DF81A" box="[1076,1164,1967,1991]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB220FF90F77382C3FB1DF81A" box="[1076,1164,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Q. rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F380876DFC8AFDC6" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" box="[199,795,513,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F380876DFE97FDC6" bold="true" box="[199,262,513,539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||
Tarsal claws bidentate, with a small basal lobe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F3808748FDABFD5A" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F3808748FE82FDE2" bold="true" box="[199,275,548,575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F2648749FEE1FD9D" box="[291,368,549,576]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2l</figureCitation>
|
||
). Forewings pubescent with moderately long marginal setae, longer than total body length. Radial cell closed, almost 2.8 times as long as wide; areolet not well defined, posterior vein pale. Rs+M inconspicuous. Basal cell with sparsely spaced setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F38087FDFBB5FCE6" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F38087FDFED2FD76" bold="true" box="[199,323,657,683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F21487FDFE36FD71" box="[339,423,657,684]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2k</figureCitation>
|
||
). Slightly shorter than head plus mesosoma, and 1.3 times longer than high in lateral view. First metasomal tergum ring-shaped and weakly longitudinally sulcate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F0F787D9FC6EFD12" box="[944,1023,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2c</figureCitation>
|
||
, inset image). Second metasomal tergum short and free, about 0.4 times as long as metasomal length and with sparse pilosity anterolaterally, not forming a patch. Third metasomal tergum without micropunctures; not dorsodistally incised. The following terga, punctate. Prominent part of the hypopygial spine 2.7 times longer than wide and projected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F3808629FCA4FC7A" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F3808629FE95FC82" bold="true" box="[199,260,837,863]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Male</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F2538629FE35FCBD" box="[276,420,837,864]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2b, d, h</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to female, except for the following morphological traits: body length 1.3 (n=1); antennae with 15 segments, filiform, F1 neither excavated nor expanded apically or basally, scape somewhat dusky; scutellar foveae smaller than in females, more or less ovate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516556B227FF97F38086DCFCBEFC11" box="[199,815,944,972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F38086DCFCBEFC11" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" box="[199,815,944,972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F38086DCFEC8FC16" bold="true" box="[199,345,944,971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35C764DB227FF97F22086DDFE32FC16" box="[359,419,945,971]" name="United States of America" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
. State of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498FF83FB227FF97F14D86DDFDF4FC16" box="[522,613,945,971]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Virginia</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB227FF97F13386DDFCB3FC11" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[628,802,945,972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516556B227FF97F38086B8FAF0FBEA" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F38086B8FAF0FBEA" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F38086B8FEB0FC32" bold="true" box="[199,289,980,1007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. This species was obtained from unknown galls (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB227FF97F01F86B9FBD2FC32" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[856,1091,981,1007]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896: 187</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to Ashmead’s description, this species was described from specimens found ovipositing in the midrib of leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F79E8695FAECFBCE" box="[1241,1405,1017,1043]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F79E8695FAECFBCE" box="[1241,1405,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Quercus rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F3E68171FF6CFBEA" box="[161,253,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Lobatae</emphasis>
|
||
section) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F22C8171FE2EFBEA" box="[363,447,1053,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 2n</figureCitation>
|
||
). The specimen label on one of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB227FF97F00A8171FC19FBEA" box="[845,904,1053,1079]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">types</typeStatus>
|
||
states: ‘from rib-gall on leaf of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F7A88171FAC0FBEA" box="[1263,1361,1053,1079]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F7A88171FAC0FBEA" box="[1263,1361,1053,1079]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Q. rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3516556B227FF97F380812DFF5BFA3A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F380812DFB70FB15" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F380812DFEA5FB86" bold="true" box="[199,308,1089,1115]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F204812DFD95FB86" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[323,516,1089,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F204812DFD95FB86" box="[323,516,1089,1115]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ceroptres politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B227FF97F022812DFC19FB86" box="[869,904,1089,1115]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B227FF97F087812DFC75FB86" box="[960,996,1089,1115]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">7♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB227FF97F0B5812DFB4AFB86" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[1010,1243,1089,1115]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead 1896: 187</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We located and examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B227FF97F24D8109FEBCFBA2" box="[266,301,1125,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4DFD54B227FF97F2268109FE15FBA2" box="[353,388,1125,1151]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
|
||
deposited in USNM. According to Ashmead’s description,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F7518109FB10FBA2" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" box="[1046,1153,1125,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Ceroptres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F7518109FBB8FBA2" box="[1046,1065,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F7728109FB10FBA2" box="[1077,1153,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mainly polished black, with the middle and posterior coxae, and all femorae, dusky or black; however, all the specimens studied have a brownish body (probably due to the passing of time as has been observed in other old specimens).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF436DDB227FF97F38081BDFF5BFA3A" blockId="12.[151,1437,153,1511]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB227FF97F21881BDFD8DFB31" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[351,540,1233,1260]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="179 - 234" refId="ref55364" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1896) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 23 (2), 179 - 234." type="journal article" year="1896">Ashmead (1896)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F16F81BDFC8BFB36" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[552,794,1233,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F16F81BDFC8BFB36" box="[552,794,1233,1259]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Buffingtonella politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C57B4B227FF97F06681BDFC0CFB36" box="[801,925,1233,1259]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was found ovipositing in the midrib of leaves of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F3F08199FE8DFAD2" box="[183,284,1269,1295]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F3F08199FE8DFAD2" box="[183,284,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Q. rubra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although a label of one specimen from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB227FF97F05D8199FCDBFAD2" box="[794,842,1269,1295]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series deposited in the entomological collections of USNM adds ‘from a rib-gall’ to the description of its biology. We found a pinned leaf fragment with some nerve swellings that was present together with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F0887FB227FF97F1CA8051FD59FA8A" box="[653,712,1341,1367]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">types</typeStatus>
|
||
and with the same numerical code as them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13702A58B227FF97F7F88051FA8AFA8A" box="[1215,1307,1341,1367]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1894,1919]" captionTargetBox="[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[202,1385,166,1874]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Type material of Ceroptres politus Ashmead, 1896: a) female habitus; b) male habitus; c) female dorsal view; d) male dorsal view; e) female lower face; f) female front; g) female head and mesosoma in dorsal view; h) male antenna; i) female antenna; j) propodeum; k) female lateral metasoma; l) forewing; m) pinned leaf fragment of Q. rubra with some nerve swellings deposited in USNM; n) type labels." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3772835" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3772835/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB39B38B227FF97F7B38051FA8AFA8A" box="[1268,1307,1341,1367]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="2.0">2m</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
), which we suppose are the galls on which Ashmead says
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F1DF800EFC93FAA6" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[664,770,1377,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F1DF800EFD38FAA6" box="[664,681,1378,1403]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F1F1800DFC93FAA6" box="[694,770,1377,1403]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was ovipositing. Based on these data, we are of the opinion that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F38F80EAFEA3FA42" authorityName="Lobato-Vila & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[200,306,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Buffingtonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F38F80EAFF48FA42" box="[200,217,1414,1439]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F3A180E9FEA3FA42" box="[230,306,1413,1439]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">politus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an inquiline despite some of its morphological traits, which suggest that it could be a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F64080E9FAF8FA42" box="[1287,1385,1413,1439]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cynipini">Cynipini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above). Currently, only two tribes include inquilines of oak galls (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA4B2CB227FF97F0CE80C5FBE8FA1E" author="Ronquist, F. & Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. & Buffington, M. L. & Liu, Z. & Liljeblad, J. & Nylander, J. A. A." box="[905,1145,1448,1475]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="0123301" refId="ref58226" refString="Ronquist, F., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L., Buffington, M. L., Liu, Z., Liljeblad, J. & Nylander, J. A. A. (2015) Phylogeny, evolution and classification of gall wasps. The Plot Thickens. PLoS ONE, 10 (5), e 0123301. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0123301" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||
Ronquist
|
||
<emphasis id="B93FEACFB227FF97F0BE80C6FBA2FA1E" box="[1017,1075,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2015
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F7C980C5FA89FA1E" box="[1166,1304,1449,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceroptresini">Ceroptresini</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4B4D5EB227FF97F61580C5FF57FA3A" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1896" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Synergini">Synergini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |