157 lines
22 KiB
XML
157 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="52D242D36932AA65490FA784ECCC8A87" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2017.1412362" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883381" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711484105509" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Georgieva, Magdalena N., Little, Crispin T. S., Watson, Jonathan S., Sephton, Mark A., Ball, Alexander D. & Glover, Adrian G." docDate="2019" docId="03C0814B902DFFA93F59F8A84C03FCBA" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.17.4.287-329.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1412362" docStyle="DocumentStyle:602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545.3:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleId="602474738E3D100F0F13788B53F61545" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.open" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Siboglinidae Caullery 1914" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="304" masterDocId="FFF9F933903CFFBB3E4CFFA14E0EFF1E" masterDocTitle="Identification of fossil worm tubes from Phanerozoic hydrothermal vents and cold seeps" masterLastPageNumber="329" masterPageNumber="287" pageNumber="303" updateTime="1712152197148" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="909F2FAA206BF155E7E111FA49BB9722">Identification of fossil worm tubes from Phanerozoic hydrothermal vents and cold seeps</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1032D0B68B36C5998CA6DC246EEC4DF0">Georgieva, Magdalena N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F1BB2E0EAFD752286AEF557B3F82C72D">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; & School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3427CF9322435C4A46C52F5ACBE9FDB9">Little, Crispin T. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9BD1DAD92BB05C8A09621FCD9C43623B">School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="892B467B6FF64AE2BF487114FD2C56AE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="64A5E53B7595BAF7E6251D0487FE6EA4">Watson, Jonathan S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="846581BD8BCCF093F508DD8D1EE8536B">Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ECEBB33BE3694EAE891F70A1114BD636">Sephton, Mark A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="85CD739D3BFFC984D1F28A4C7EF54C0D">Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="90CBE3B927BD69251A5A1B4020D0E1C1">Ball, Alexander D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6EF588A3EF2C7FEECD8A0F08F410DBD">Core Research Laboratories, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="097C76857EFDC343815269B66397E497">Glover, Adrian G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C696D495A8D0FABE363072E5BC1A0AD0">Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="1F6D22601C1ED4B05F652F6A8D7353B0">Journal of Systematic Palaeontology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2F044EC492CDAEADB49174B3067D0CAC">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:url id="7E4B84910B30289F2B77204A562A7DD6">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1412362</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="A6E993929E939FE2BC4D834F8C30B6EF" type="ISSN">1478-0941</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C0814B902DFFA93F59F8A84C03FCBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C0814B902DFFA93F59F8A84C03FCBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C0814B902DFFA93F59F8A84C03FCBA" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="304" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902DFFAA3F59F8A84C3CF85E" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3F59F8A84C3CF85E" blockId="17.[277,664,1801,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C694BDE902DFFAA3F2BF8A84C96F83E" ID-CoL="84KRZ" authority="Caullery, 1914" authorityName="Caullery" authorityYear="1914" box="[359,664,1801,1824]" class="Polychaeta" family="Siboglinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902DFFAA3F2BF8A84FFDF83E" bold="true" box="[359,499,1801,1824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">Siboglinidae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902DFFAA3FB6F8A84C96F83E" author="Caullery, M." box="[506,664,1801,1824]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" pagination="2014 - 2017" refId="ref22158" refString="Caullery, M. 1914. Sur les Siboglinidae, type nouveau d'invert´ebr´es receuillis par l'exp´edition du Siboga. Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances´de l'Academie´des Sciences, 158, 2014 - 2017." type="journal article" year="1914">Caullery, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(vestimentiferan)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902DFFAA3F0AF8E84C68F87E" box="[326,614,1865,1888]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3F0AF8E84C68F87E" blockId="17.[277,664,1801,1920]" box="[326,614,1865,1888]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902DFFAA3F0AF8E84C68F87E" bold="true" box="[326,614,1865,1888]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">‘Troodos wrinkled tubes’</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902DFFAA3FDCF8C84C13F89E" box="[400,541,1897,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3FDCF8C84C13F89E" blockId="17.[277,664,1801,1920]" box="[400,541,1897,1920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902DFFAA3FD4F8C84C1BF89E" box="[408,533,1897,1920]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="17.[159,227,1397,1418]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,184,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-112@17.[173,1453,183,1364]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 10. Tubes from the Turonian of Cyprus. A–C, ‘Troodos collared tubes’; A, B, Kambia 4061 and Memi 212b2, respectively, sinuous worm tubes with collars; C, Kambia 401b, worm tube with collar attached at an oblique angle. D, E, ‘Troodos wrinkled tubes’, Kapedhes 2101 and 204b, respectively, worm tubes bearing longitudinal and transverse wrinkles. F, G, ‘Troodos attached tubes’, Memi 2021 and Kinousa 2023, respectively, sinuous tubes that appear attached to a surface, tubes in F bearing fine parallel transverse wrinkles. Scale bars: A–D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 0. 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883401/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">Fig. 10D, E</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902DFFAA3D01F9E74B03F963" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3D01F9E74B03F963" blockId="17.[845,1466,1606,1661]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">1999a vestimentiferan worm tubes Little, Cann, Herrington, & Morisseau: 1028, fig. 2e.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902DFFAA3D01F90F4AFCF890" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3D01F90F4B9FF81B" blockId="17.[845,1466,1710,1797]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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||
<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902DFFAA3D01F90F4DB9F9DB" bold="true" box="[845,951,1710,1733]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">Material.</emphasis>
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Kambia 4051, 4061, 6061, t3; Kapedhes 204b, 2101, worm tubes with walls ornamented by transverse and longitudinal wrinkles. Collected by C.
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<collectionCode id="ED78A898902DFFAA3B5BF94F4B24F81B" box="[1303,1322,1774,1797]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">T</collectionCode>
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. S. Little.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902DFFAA3D01F8964AFCF890" blockId="17.[845,1467,1847,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902DFFAA3D01F8964DD7F850" bold="true" box="[845,985,1847,1870]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">Occurrence.</emphasis>
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Massive sulphide deposits. Troodos Ophiolite,
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<collectingCountry id="F37E70CD902DFFAA3DC7F8F64DD5F870" box="[907,987,1879,1902]" name="Cyprus" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
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. Turonian, Late Cretaceous (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902DFFAA3B00F8F64A18F890" author="Oudin, E. & Constantinou, G." pageId="17" pageNumber="303" pagination="349 - 353" refId="ref24613" refString="Oudin, E. & Constantinou, G. 1984. Black smoker chimney fragments in Cyprus sulphide deposits. Nature, 308, 349 - 353." type="journal article" year="1984">Oudin & Constantinou 1984</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902DFFAA3A68F8D64AECF890" author="Little, C. T. S. & Cann, J. R. & Herrington, R. J. & Morisseau, M." box="[1060,1250,1911,1934]" pageId="17" pageNumber="303" pagination="1027 - 1030" refId="ref24075" refString="Little, C. T. S., Cann, J. R., Herrington, R. J. & Morisseau, M. 1999 a. Late Cretaceous hydrothermal vent communities from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus. Geology, 27, 1027 - 1030." type="journal article" year="1999">
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Little
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902DFFAA3A29F8D64A95F890" box="[1125,1179,1911,1934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="303">et al.</emphasis>
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1999a
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93ED3FF1C4D08FD0D" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93ED3FF1C4D08FD0D" blockId="18.[159,781,189,531]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93ED3FF1C4F24FFCA" bold="true" box="[159,298,189,212]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Description.</emphasis>
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Generally straight or slightly curving pyritic tubes
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<quantity id="4C919DB8902EFFA93F61FF7C4FA0FFEA" box="[301,430,221,244]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2–4.5 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, which do not show signs of having been flexible and are not attached to other tubes (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93EBDFEBC4F8BFE2A" box="[241,389,285,308]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="17.[159,227,1397,1418]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,184,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-112@17.[173,1453,183,1364]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 10. Tubes from the Turonian of Cyprus. A–C, ‘Troodos collared tubes’; A, B, Kambia 4061 and Memi 212b2, respectively, sinuous worm tubes with collars; C, Kambia 401b, worm tube with collar attached at an oblique angle. D, E, ‘Troodos wrinkled tubes’, Kapedhes 2101 and 204b, respectively, worm tubes bearing longitudinal and transverse wrinkles. F, G, ‘Troodos attached tubes’, Memi 2021 and Kinousa 2023, respectively, sinuous tubes that appear attached to a surface, tubes in F bearing fine parallel transverse wrinkles. Scale bars: A–D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 0. 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883401/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 10D, E</figureCitation>
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). Whether tubes taper cannot be assessed with certainty due to the short length of preserved fragments. Tubes do not have collars, and instead possess fine transverse and longitudinal wrinkles on their surfaces, with the transverse wrinkles often being more pronounced and fairly regular (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93C4FFE1D4C64FECD" box="[515,618,444,467]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="17.[159,227,1397,1418]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,184,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-112@17.[173,1453,183,1364]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 10. Tubes from the Turonian of Cyprus. A–C, ‘Troodos collared tubes’; A, B, Kambia 4061 and Memi 212b2, respectively, sinuous worm tubes with collars; C, Kambia 401b, worm tube with collar attached at an oblique angle. D, E, ‘Troodos wrinkled tubes’, Kapedhes 2101 and 204b, respectively, worm tubes bearing longitudinal and transverse wrinkles. F, G, ‘Troodos attached tubes’, Memi 2021 and Kinousa 2023, respectively, sinuous tubes that appear attached to a surface, tubes in F bearing fine parallel transverse wrinkles. Scale bars: A–D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 0. 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883401/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
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). Longitudinal wrinkles are fine and occasionally bifurcating (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93CECFE7D4D0FFEED" box="[672,769,476,499]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="17.[159,227,1397,1418]" captionTargetBox="[174,1451,184,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-112@17.[173,1453,183,1364]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 10. Tubes from the Turonian of Cyprus. A–C, ‘Troodos collared tubes’; A, B, Kambia 4061 and Memi 212b2, respectively, sinuous worm tubes with collars; C, Kambia 401b, worm tube with collar attached at an oblique angle. D, E, ‘Troodos wrinkled tubes’, Kapedhes 2101 and 204b, respectively, worm tubes bearing longitudinal and transverse wrinkles. F, G, ‘Troodos attached tubes’, Memi 2021 and Kinousa 2023, respectively, sinuous tubes that appear attached to a surface, tubes in F bearing fine parallel transverse wrinkles. Scale bars: A–D, F, G = 1 mm; E = 0. 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883401/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
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). One tube specimen has a smaller tube preserved within it.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37363D6902EFFA93ED3FD8F4C03FCBA" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD6305D902EFFA93ED3FD8F4C03FCBA" blockId="18.[159,781,558,932]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93ED3FD8F4F00FD5B" bold="true" box="[159,270,558,581]" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Remarks.</emphasis>
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These tubes are resolved among siboglinids by both cladistic and cluster analyses (
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93C5BFDEF4C80FD7B" box="[535,654,590,613]" captionStart-0="Figure 22" captionStart-1="Figure 23" captionStart-2="Figure 24" captionStartId-0="33.[159,227,1382,1403]" captionStartId-1="34.[159,227,1279,1300]" captionStartId-2="35.[159,227,1159,1180]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1453,183,1350]" captionTargetBox-1="[173,1453,183,1247]" captionTargetBox-2="[398,1229,183,1127]" captionTargetId-0="figure-184@33.[173,1453,183,1350]" captionTargetId-1="figure-219@34.[173,1453,183,1247]" captionTargetId-2="figure-242@35.[397,1230,183,1127]" captionTargetPageId-0="33" captionTargetPageId-1="34" captionTargetPageId-2="35" captionText-0="Figure 22. Strict consensus cladogram of the three most parsimonious trees of tubes built by a total of 43 modern annelid taxa (best score = 14.344, consistency index = 0.308, retention index = 0.629). The analysis was based on the 48 mostly morphological tube characters and was performed using implied character weighting (k = 3). Numbers on nodes represent groups present/contradicted support values. Symbols/colours indicate taxonomic affinities." captionText-1="Figure 23. Strict consensus cladograms constructed using a total of 64 modern and fossil annelid taxa and 48 mostly morphological tube characters. Analyses were performed using implied character weighting, with the concavity constant set as default (k = 3; A), and also set to downweight homoplastic characters less (k = 4; B). Numbers on nodes represent groups present/contradicted support values. Modern taxa are coloured according to taxonomic groups; fossil taxa are in grey. A, consensus of 271 most parsimonious trees (best score = 15.387, consistency index = 0.195, retention index = 0.264); B, consensus of 60 most parsimonious trees (best score = 13.568, consistency index = 0.232, retention index = 0.569). Symbols/colours indicate taxonomic affinities." captionText-2="Figure 24. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy spectra of the organic tubes of vent and seep annelids. Spectra are offset on the absorbance axis, and key spectral absorbance peaks are labelled with the types of chemical bonds they represent: -NH, nitrogenhydrogen; -CH, carbon-hydrogen; -OH, oxygen-hydrogen. The regions of the tube analysed are as follows: Tevnia jerichonana (anterior, inner tube wall); Zenkevitchiana longissimi (middle, outer tube wall); Lamellibrachia anaximandri (posterior, outer tube wall); Sclerolinum contortum (anterior, outer tube wall); Alvinella sp. (middle); Spiochaetopterus izuensis (middle, outer tube wall)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883425" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883427" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883429" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10883425/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10883427/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10883429/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Figs 22–24</figureCitation>
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), as a result of the fine, bifurcating longitudinal wrinkles as well as the fine transverse wrinkles which they possess. The features above are not observed on serpulid tubes, which sometimes possess coarse longitudinal wrinkles. The longitudinal wrinkles of chaetopterid tubes are often coarser (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF84DAC902EFFA93C91FD4F4F4FFC3B" author="Kiel, S. & Dando, P. R." pageId="18" pageNumber="304" pagination="443 - 448" refId="ref23697" refString="Kiel, S. & Dando, P. R. 2009. Chaetopterid tubes from vent and seep sites: implications for fossil record and evolutionary history of vent and seep annelids. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 54, 443 - 448." type="journal article" year="2009">Kiel & Dando 2009</bibRefCitation>
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), and have not been observed to be crosscut by fine transverse wrinkles. We therefore suggest that the most likely builders of these tubes are vestimentiferans, which do exhibit such ornamentation patterns (cf.
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<taxonomicName id="4C694BDE902EFFA93ED3FC2C4F5DFCBA" authorityName="Jones" authorityYear="1985" box="[159,339,909,932]" class="Polychaeta" family="Siboglinidae" genus="Ridgeia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="18" pageNumber="304" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="piscesae">
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<emphasis id="B91DEC4F902EFFA93ED3FC2C4F5DFCBA" box="[159,339,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Ridgeia piscesae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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tubes,
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<figureCitation id="13522CD8902EFFA93FD3FC2C4C0FFCBA" box="[415,513,909,932]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="25.[159,227,1771,1792]" captionTargetBox="[270,1355,184,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-1@25.[269,1357,183,1739]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 15. A–F, H, I, ‘Figueroa tubes’, Pliensbachian, California, USA; A–C, tubes in hand specimen; A, FFC-12, straight, tapering tube with fine longitudinal wrinkles; B, FFC-00-21, tube fragment bearing longitudinal wrinkles and collars; C, FFC-18B, tube with longitudinal wrinkles and a fine, obliquely positioned collar; D, FFC-18, longitudinal section of tube exhibiting long, flaring collars; E, FFC-12, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showing details of tube wall ornamentation; F, FFC-12, greater detail of same tube; H, FFC-19, detail of tube transverse section showing preservation of tube walls; I, FFC-19, detail of tube wall in transverse section. G, Ridgeia piscesae (Siboglinidae) tube, JdF317, showing detail of the ornamentation. Scale bars: A, C = 2 mm; B, D, G, H = 1 mm; E = 500 µm; F = 100 µm; I = 300 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10883411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10883411/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="304">Fig. 15G</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |