treatments-xml/data/E9/67/87/E96787F4FFD38852FF06FB2FFA30BE2B.xml

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<mods:title id="665BC56F073CB1B01CDF56953A2D2965">Six genera of the subtribe Macrothripina from Southeast Asia to Taiwan (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae, Idolothripinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="452054B9396CD6B988B5C22C1B9ABD39">Okajima, Shûji</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3C50A92D788FF6BDB2CBE4F2EF428858">Masumoto, Masami</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E96787F4FFD38852FF06FB2FFA30BE2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7971652" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209630783" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7971652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E96787F4FFD38852FF06FB2FFA30BE2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E96787F4FFD38852FF06FB2FFA30BE2B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFD3884FFF06FB2FFE28BFD2" box="[151,388,1230,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFD3884FFF06FB2FFE28BFD2" blockId="15.[151,388,1230,1257]" box="[151,388,1230,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="3A39818EFFD3884FFF06FB2FFE28BFD2" bold="true" box="[151,388,1230,1257]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFF06FB2FFE28BFD2" ID-CoL="62RHH" authority="Karny" authorityName="Karny" box="[151,388,1230,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF06FB2FFE28BFD2" bold="true" box="[151,388,1230,1257]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF06FB2FFE87BFD2" bold="true" box="[151,299,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
Karny
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFD3884FFF06FAEFFE98BE7E" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFD3884FFF06FAEFFE98BE7E" blockId="15.[151,1437,1294,1349]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="41DE11CCFFD3884FFF06FAEFFE98BE7E" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitation id="E06F10F3FFD3884FFF06FAEFFDE7BE1D" author="Karny, H." box="[151,587,1294,1318]" page="133" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1925">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFF06FAEFFDE7BE1D" authority="Karny, 1925: 133" authorityName="Karny" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,587,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Liothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ethirothrips">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF06FAEFFF58BE1D" box="[151,244,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Liothrips</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFE97FAEFFE2DBE1D" box="[262,385,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="055F4B13FFD3884FFE03FAEFFDE7BE1D" author="Karny, H." box="[402,587,1294,1318]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="125 - 142" refId="ref54119" refString="Karny, H. (1925) On some tropical Thysanoptera. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 16, 125 - 142. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300028431" type="journal article" year="1925">Karny, 1925: 133</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Type-species: 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFD7BFAEFFBBBBE1D" ID-CoL="3V8R9" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1921" box="[746,1047,1294,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Liothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thomasseti">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFD7BFAEFFC10BE1D" box="[746,956,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Liothrips thomasseti</emphasis>
Bagnall
</taxonomicName>
, by subsequent designation, 
<treatmentCitation id="E06F10F3FFD3884FFAD5FAEFFE9CBE7E" author="Priesner, H." page="129" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="055F4B13FFD3884FFAD5FAEFFE9CBE7E" author="Priesner, H." pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="31 - 157" refId="ref54767" refString="Priesner, H. (1949) Genera Thysanopterorum. Keys for the identification of the genera of the Order Thysanoptera. Bulletin de la Societe Fouad Ier d'Entomologie, 33, 31 - 157." type="journal article" year="1949">Priesner, 1949: 129</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFD38850FF06FA92FE1DBC82" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFD3884FFF06FA92FADCBC06" blockId="15.[151,1437,1395,1853]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFF06FA92FEB3BEB6" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[151,287,1395,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF06FA92FEB3BEB6" box="[151,287,1395,1421]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is highly diverse and weakly defined genus in the 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFCF8FA92FBA5BEB6" box="[873,1033,1395,1421]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Macrothripina">Macrothripina</taxonomicName>
with seven generic synonyms. The genus involved 38 species in the world before this work, of which 33 species were described from the Australian and Oriental Regions including some Pacific Islands, four species from the Afrotropical Region, and only one species from the Neotropical Region. Similar to most genera belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFC27FA3EFBF5BEC2" box="[950,1113,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Macrothripina">Macrothripina</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFBF4FA3EFB41BEC2" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[1125,1261,1503,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFBF4FA3EFB41BEC2" box="[1125,1261,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is undoubtedly of Old World origin, and is extremely diversified in the region from 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFC04F9E2FC63BD26" box="[917,975,1539,1565]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">India</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFC60F9E2FBF7BD26" box="[1009,1115,1539,1565]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Previously, only ten species were recorded from Peninsular 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFE66F9C6FDF2BD7A" box="[503,606,1575,1601]" name="Malaysia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
to 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFD10F9C6FD7BBD7A" box="[641,727,1575,1601]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
: 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFD70F9C6FCEFBD7A" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[737,835,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFD70F9C6FCEFBD7A" box="[737,835,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFCC3F9C6FC6DBD7A" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[850,961,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFCC3F9C6FC6DBD7A" box="[850,961,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFC5EF9C6FB69BD7A" box="[975,1221,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFC5EF9C6FBFFBD7A" authorityYear="1913" baseAuthorityName="Schmutz" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[975,1107,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">E. obscurus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFBCBF9C6FB69BD7A" box="[1114,1221,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubeus">E. rubeus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFB42F9C6FAE2BD7A" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1235,1358,1575,1601]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgulae">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFB42F9C6FAE2BD7A" box="[1235,1358,1575,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. virgulae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFA15F9C6FF79BD5F" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangi">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFA15F9C6FF79BD5F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. yangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFE89F9AAFEC2BD5E" box="[280,366,1611,1637]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
; 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFEE6F9AAFDADBD5E" baseAuthorityName="Ananthakrishnan &amp; Jagadish" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[375,513,1611,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFEE6F9AAFDADBD5E" box="[375,513,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. longisetis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="A30AF800FFD3884FFDD5F9AAFD34BD5E" box="[580,664,1611,1637]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hainan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFD33F9AAFD44BD5E" box="[674,744,1611,1637]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">China</collectingCountry>
; 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFD63F9AAFC38BD5F" baseAuthorityName="Priesner" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[754,916,1611,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitreipennis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFD63F9AAFC38BD5F" box="[754,916,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. vitreipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="A30AF800FFD3884FFC46F9AAFB84BD5E" box="[983,1064,1611,1637]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hainan</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="A30AF800FFD3884FFBCDF9AAFB0BBD5E" box="[1116,1191,1611,1637]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fujian</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFB20F9AAFB5BBD5E" box="[1201,1271,1611,1637]" name="China" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">China</collectingCountry>
; 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFA93F9AAFA30BD5E" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1282,1436,1611,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFA93F9AAFA30BD5E" box="[1282,1436,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. stenomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFF54F98EFE9DBDB2" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[197,305,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF54F98EFE9DBDB2" box="[197,305,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from relatively wide range of this area. However, the records of four species, 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFB18F98EFA30BDB2" box="[1161,1436,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFB18F98EFB63BDB2" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1161,1231,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">brevis</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFB4BF98EFA82BDB2" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1242,1326,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">indicus</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFAA6F98EFA30BDB2" baseAuthorityName="Schmutz" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1335,1436,1647,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">obscurus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFF57F972FEE5BD97" baseAuthorityName="Priesner" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[198,329,1683,1708]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitreipennis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF57F972FEE5BD97" box="[198,329,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">vitreipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have some problems which are discussed under each species. In this study, an additional 16 species are newly described from Southeast Asia to 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFD11F956FD7ABDEA" box="[640,726,1719,1745]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. As a result, 54 species are now included in this genus, of which 26 species are currently recorded from Southeast Asia to 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFCB5F93AFCD6BDCE" box="[804,890,1755,1781]" name="Taiwan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. Morphological character states of these species seem to be complicated and diversified. Unfortunately, individual character states among 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFBEDF91EFAF7BC22" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[1148,1371,1791,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFBEDF91EFAA8BC22" box="[1148,1284,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
show continuous changes in most cases, and no species acquired apomorphies important enough to divide the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFD3884FFF06F88BFD4EBCBF" blockId="15.[151,738,1898,1925]" box="[151,738,1898,1925]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFF06F88BFD4EBCBF" bold="true" box="[151,738,1898,1925]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Structural variations among 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFE60F88BFD71BCBF" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[497,733,1898,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFE60F88BFDD3BCBE" bold="true" box="[497,639,1898,1925]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFD38850FF06F852FC2CBA7A" blockId="15.[151,1437,1970,2033]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
1) Head: 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFEBCF852FE71BCF6" baseAuthorityName="Moulton" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[301,477,1971,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFEBCF852FE71BCF6" box="[301,477,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. australiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFD3884FFDB2F852FD26BCF6" box="[547,650,1971,1997]" name="Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Australia</collectingCountry>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFD55F852FCFBBCF6" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[708,855,1971,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFD55F852FCFBBCF6" box="[708,855,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. quadratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have shorter heads (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFD3884FFBFBF852FB65BCF6" box="[1130,1225,1970,1997]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–120" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-87@43.[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 115–120. Ethirothrips quadratus sp. n., female. (115) Head &amp; prothorax; (115a) large ommatidia; (116) mesopresternum; (117) antennal segments III–VIII; (118) fore tarsus; (119) metanotum &amp; pelta; (120) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959367/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
) which are almost as long as broad or only a little longer, though 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFD67F836FC2EBCCA" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[758,898,2007,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiceps">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFD67F836FC2EBCCA" box="[758,898,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. longiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFD3884FFC2BF836FBB2BCCB" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[954,1054,2007,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFD3884FFC2BF836FBB2BCCB" box="[954,1054,2007,2032]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">E. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the head elongate (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFD3884FFAB8F836FAD2BCCA" box="[1321,1406,2007,2033]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–76" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 69–76. Ethirothrips longiceps sp. n. (69) Head, female; (70) mesopresternum, female; (71) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (72) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, male; (73) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (74) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (75) antennal segment III, female; (76) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959347/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs 69</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FF73FF77FEA1BB8A" box="[226,269,150,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">156</figureCitation>
) and about 2.0 times as long as broad or a little longer. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC1FFF76FBACBB8A" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[910,1024,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaya">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC1FFF76FBACBB8A" box="[910,1024,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. malaya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the species described under the synonymous genus 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE52FF5AFDE7BBEE" authorityName="Ananthakrishnan" authorityYear="1969" box="[451,587,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Uredothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE52FF5AFDE7BBEE" box="[451,587,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Uredothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD26FF5AFC80BBEE" box="[695,812,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD26FF5AFC84BBEE" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[695,808,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">E. tibialis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
have the heads elevated dorsally (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB29FF5AFABCBBEE" box="[1208,1296,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 43</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FA8FFF5AFA96BBEE" box="[1310,1338,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">84</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FAF3FF5AFA23BBEE" box="[1378,1423,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–181" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-17@61.[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 176–181. Ethirothrips tibialis. (176) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (177) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (178) tube, female; (179) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (180) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (181) metanotum &amp; pelta, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959401/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">176</figureCitation>
), and this structure is shared with 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDC3FF3EFD53BBC2" box="[594,767,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Aesthesiothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDC3FF3EFD53BBC2" box="[594,767,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Aesthesiothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCA6FF3EFB88BBC2" box="[823,1060,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Celidothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCA6FF3EFC6FBBC2" box="[823,963,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Celidothrips</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB57FF3EFAE9BBC2" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1222,1349,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB57FF3EFAE9BBC2" box="[1222,1349,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. colossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the head weakly protruded forwardly (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDFCFEE2FD6DBA26" box="[621,705,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
), but 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC92FEE2FC25BA26" baseAuthorityName="Ramakrishna" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[771,905,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agasthya">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC92FEE2FC25BA26" box="[771,905,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. agasthya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFCC8850FC41FEE2FBA6BA26" box="[976,1034,259,285]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">India</collectingCountry>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBD2FEE2FB74BA26" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1091,1240,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antennalis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBD2FEE2FB74BA26" box="[1091,1240,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. antennalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFCC8850FA8EFEE2FAF3BA26" box="[1311,1375,259,285]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Japan</collectingCountry>
have somewhat intermediate heads which are scarcely protruded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FEAAFB5EBAEA" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
2) Cephalic seta: Most species have one pair of long setae on the dorsum of head, the postoculars, but some species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE08FE8EFDA5BAB2" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[409,521,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE08FE8EFDA5BAB2" box="[409,521,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD86FE8EFD37BAB3" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[535,667,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ommatus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD86FE8EFD37BAB3" box="[535,667,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. ommatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD38FE8EFC89BAB3" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[681,805,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puiensis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD38FE8EFC89BAB3" box="[681,805,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. puiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCCAFE8EFC73BAB2" authorityYear="1913" baseAuthorityName="Schmutz" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[859,991,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCCAFE8EFC73BAB2" box="[859,991,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have a pair of long postocellar setae in addition to the postoculars (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDACFE72FD32BA96" box="[573,670,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
). The postocellar setae are usually situated behind a pair of posterior ocelli, but they are situated between the posterior ocelli in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCE0FE56FC10BAEA" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[881,956,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thai">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCE0FE56FC10BAEA" box="[881,956,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. thai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC63FE56FBE3BAEB" box="[1010,1103,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangi">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC63FE56FBE3BAEB" box="[1010,1103,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. yangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB15FE56FB49BAEA" box="[1156,1253,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 169–175" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-17@59.[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 169–175. Ethirothrips thai sp. n. (169) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (170) antenna, female; (171) mesopresternum, female; (172) tube, female; (173) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (174) fore tarsus, female; (175) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959397/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 169</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FE3AFD89B9F6" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
3) Ommatidium-like structure: At least certain species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC0BFE3AFB8ABACE" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[922,1062,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiceps">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC0BFE3AFB8ABACE" box="[922,1062,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. longiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBA7FE3AFB11BACF" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1078,1213,475,500]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ommatus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBA7FE3AFB11BACF" box="[1078,1213,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. ommatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB69FE3AFA39BACE" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1272,1429,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB69FE3AFA39BACE" box="[1272,1429,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. stenomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have an ommatidium-like structure on each cheek, but there is a possibility that it is merely difficult to see if it is formed flat-circular and situated laterally and is present in more (or most) species. This structure is shared with some genera among the 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD1AFDA6FC82B95A" box="[651,814,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Macrothripina">Macrothripina</taxonomicName>
, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC0BFDA6FB8AB95A" box="[922,1062,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Celidothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC0BFDA6FB8AB95A" box="[922,1062,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Celidothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBA6FDA6FB78B95A" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" box="[1079,1236,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Peltariothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBA6FDA6FB78B95A" box="[1079,1236,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Peltariothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB74FDA6FA31B95A" box="[1253,1437,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Polytrichothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB74FDA6FA31B95A" box="[1253,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Polytrichothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE85FD8AFE01B9BE" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" box="[276,429,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Tarassothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE85FD8AFE01B9BE" box="[276,429,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tarassothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This structure is mostly situated just behind the compound eyes on each cheek, but it is situated between the base and middle of the cheek in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCF0FD6EFC52B992" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" box="[865,1022,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Peltariothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCF0FD6EFC52B992" box="[865,1022,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Peltariothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBA9FD6EFB5CB992" box="[1080,1264,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Polytrichothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBA9FD6EFB5CB992" box="[1080,1264,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Polytrichothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and even in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FA15FD6EFEEBB9F7" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ommatus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FA15FD6EFEEBB9F7" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. ommatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FEC7FD52FE6AB9F6" box="[342,454,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 104b</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FE7BFD52FDB5B9F6" box="[490,537,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 203–210" captionStartId="68.[151,264,1917,1941]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,181,1893]" captionTargetId="figure-23@68.[163,1423,181,1893]" captionTargetPageId="68" captionText="FIGURES 203–210. Polytrichothrips malayanus sp. n., female. (203) Fore tarsus; (204) ommatidium-like structure; (205) head &amp; prothorax; (206) antenna; (207) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (208) mesonotum to pelta; (209) abdominal segment IX &amp; tube; (210) abdominal tergites III–IV." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959413/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">204</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FD36FDC6BF62" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
4) Antenna: Usually 8-segmented, but 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD11FD36FD54B9CA" baseAuthorityName="Moulton" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[640,760,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fijiensis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD11FD36FD54B9CA" box="[640,760,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. fijiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has unusual 7-segmented antennae with segments VII and VIII completely fused without suture between them. Segment III is mostly longer than segment IV and with relatively short sense-cones, but it is shorter than IV and with extremely long and curved sense-cones in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FF73FCA2FEF8B866" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[226,340,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FF73FCA2FEF8B866" box="[226,340,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE1CFCA2FE56B866" box="[397,506,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubeus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE1CFCA2FE56B866" box="[397,506,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. rubeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDA3FCA2FD39B866" box="[562,661,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–126" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1450,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,181,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-17@45.[163,1423,181,1426]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 121–126. Ethirothrips rubeus from Thailand, female. (121) Head; (122) antennal segments II–VIII; (123) mesopresternum; (124) metanotum &amp; pelta; (125) tube; (126) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959371/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
). This condition of antennal segment III short with long and curved sense-cones is shared with some species placed in some other genera within the 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB04FC86FA94B8BA" box="[1173,1336,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Macrothripina">Macrothripina</taxonomicName>
, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FF73FC6AFE23B89E" box="[226,399,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Aesthesiothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FF73FC6AFE23B89E" box="[226,399,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Aesthesiothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE54FC6AFDF2B89E" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" box="[453,606,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Tarassothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE54FC6AFDF2B89E" box="[453,606,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tarassothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDFAFC6AFD45B89E" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[619,745,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDFAFC6AFD45B89E" box="[619,745,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. colossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has antennal segment III slender and 4.5–5.0 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FEA0FC4EFE29B8F2" box="[305,389,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
), though it is 2.0–3.5 times as long as broad in most species (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FBF1FC4EFB18B8F2" box="[1120,1204,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–55" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[157,1431,181,1462]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 49–55. Ethirothrips dalatae sp. n., female. (4) Head &amp; prothorax; (50) antenna; (51) mesopresternum; (52) metanotum &amp; pelta; (53) fore tarsus; (54) abdominal tergite II; (55) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959339/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 50</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB48FC4EFAA9B8F2" box="[1241,1285,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–114" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[242,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 110–114. Ethirothrips puiensis sp. n., female. (110) Head &amp; prothorax; (111) antennal segments III–VIII; (112) tube; (113) metanotum &amp; pelta; (114) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959365/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">111</figureCitation>
). However, it is somewhat intermediate in some species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCB8FC32FC19B8D6" baseAuthorityName="Ananthakrishnan &amp; Jagadish" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[809,949,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCB8FC32FC19B8D6" box="[809,949,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. longisetis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC7EFC32FB18B8D6" box="[1007,1204,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
E. (?) 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBA9FC32FB18B8D6" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1080,1204,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">stenomelas</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
from Mindanao (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FF73FC16FE99BF2A" box="[226,309,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–83" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-126@33.[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 77–83. Ethirothrips longisetis, female. (77) Outer portion of fore femur; (78) head &amp; prothorax; (79) metanotum &amp; pelta; (80) antennal segments III and IV; (81) tube; (82) mesopresternum; (83) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959351/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 80</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FEC8FC17FE2BBF2A" box="[345,391,1014,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–155" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-188@53.[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 149–155. Ethirothrips (?) stenomelas from Mindanao. (149) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (150) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (151) mesopresternum, female; (152) fore tarsus, female; (153) fore tarsus, male; (154) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (155) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959389/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">150</figureCitation>
). The segment VIII is mostly short, conical and scarcely constricted basally, but it is long and pedicellate in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FEEEFBFAFE51BF0E" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[383,509,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FEEEFBFAFE51BF0E" box="[383,509,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. colossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDABFBFAFD07BF0E" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[570,683,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaya">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDABFBFAFD07BF0E" box="[570,683,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. malaya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FD2BFBFAFCA3BF0E" box="[698,783,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 37</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FCA2FBFBFCFEBF0E" box="[819,850,1050,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">85</figureCitation>
). However, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC48FBFAFBEEBF0E" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[985,1090,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC48FBFAFBEEBF0E" box="[985,1090,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. oculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBE9FBFAFB44BF0F" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1144,1256,1051,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBE9FBFAFB44BF0F" box="[1144,1256,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have somewhat intermediate ones (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FE26FBDEFDA0BF62" box="[439,524,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–103" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-72@38.[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 96–103. Ethirothrips oculus sp. n. (96) Head, female; (97) postero-lateral portion of eye, female, arrow indicates large ommatidia; (98) mesopresternum, female; (99) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (100) fore tarsus, female; (101) fore tarsus, male; (102) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (103) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959359/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 99</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDBEFBDFFDF1BF62" box="[559,605,1086,1113]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-111@49.[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Ethirothrips setosus sp. n. (133) Fore femur, male; (134) head &amp; prothorax, female; (135) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (136) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (137) tube, female; (138) fore tarsus, female; (139) fore tarsus, male; (140) mesopresternum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">135</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FB83FECABE36" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
5) Sense-cone formula: Usually two and four sense-cones on antennal segments III and IV, respectively. However, a few species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDC1FB66FD76BF9A" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[592,730,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiceps">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDC1FB66FD76BF9A" box="[592,730,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. longiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC81FB66FC07BF9A" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[784,939,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC81FB66FC07BF9A" box="[784,939,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. stenomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have segment IV with a small dorsal one in addition to the four usual sense-cones, and a similar sense-cone formula is also found in 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB51FB4AFAC1BFFE" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1920" box="[1216,1389,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Diaphorothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB51FB4AFAC1BFFE" box="[1216,1389,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diaphorothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FF73FB2EFE7FBFD2" box="[226,467,1231,1257]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FF73FB2EFED7BFD2" box="[226,379,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tarassothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE75FB2EFD7FBFD2" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" box="[484,723,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Tarassothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akritus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE75FB2EFD7FBFD2" box="[484,723,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tarassothrips akritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three small dorsal sense-cones, but 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB07FB2EFAA4BFD2" authorityName="Okajima" authorityYear="1990" box="[1174,1288,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Tarassothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB07FB2EFAA4BFD2" box="[1174,1288,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">T. grandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has no small dorsal one).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FAF6FAE3BEFA" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
6) Maxillary stylet: Although most species have V-shaped maxillary stylets which scarcely reach the postocular setae or not, some species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDCAFADAFD43BE6F" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[603,751,1339,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conopygus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDCAFADAFD43BE6F" box="[603,751,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. conopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD6AFADAFC72BE6F" box="[763,990,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD6AFADAFCC1BE6E" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[763,877,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaya">E. malaya</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCE7FADAFC72BE6F" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[886,990,1339,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saigon">E. saigon</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FB9EFADAFBD6BE6E" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[1039,1146,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FB9EFADAFBD6BE6E" box="[1039,1146,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have the stylets relatively close and parallel (or subparallel) stylets that reach the compound eyes (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FBC7FABEFB00BE42" box="[1110,1196,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 43</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB46FABEFB5BBE42" box="[1239,1271,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">84</figureCitation>
). However, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FA15FABEFEEDBEA6" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FA15FABEFEEDBEA6" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. colossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FEE7FA62FE5CBEA7" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[374,496,1411,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puiensis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FEE7FA62FE5CBEA7" box="[374,496,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. puiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have similar subparallel stylets, but they are not so long (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB00FA62FB42BEA6" box="[1169,1262,1411,1437]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–114" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[242,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 110–114. Ethirothrips puiensis sp. n., female. (110) Head &amp; prothorax; (111) antennal segments III–VIII; (112) tube; (113) metanotum &amp; pelta; (114) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959365/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
) and somewhat intermediate. Particularly, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD9AFA46FDC1BEFB" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[523,621,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FD9AFA46FDC1BEFB" box="[523,621,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has stylets which are long and close together medially (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB71FA46FAEEBEFA" box="[1248,1346,1446,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06FA2AFB50BD4E" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
7) Pelta: Most species have the pelta trilobed (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FD6BFA2AFCFDBEDE" box="[762,849,1482,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–55" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[157,1431,181,1462]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 49–55. Ethirothrips dalatae sp. n., female. (4) Head &amp; prothorax; (50) antenna; (51) mesopresternum; (52) metanotum &amp; pelta; (53) fore tarsus; (54) abdominal tergite II; (55) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959339/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 52</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FCCFFA2AFCD6BEDE" box="[862,890,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–83" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-126@33.[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 77–83. Ethirothrips longisetis, female. (77) Outer portion of fore femur; (78) head &amp; prothorax; (79) metanotum &amp; pelta; (80) antennal segments III and IV; (81) tube; (82) mesopresternum; (83) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959351/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">79</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FC30FA2AFC12BEDE" box="[929,958,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–95" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-131@36.[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 90–95. Ethirothrips obscurus, female. (90) Head &amp; prothorax; (91) mesopresternum; (92) antennal segments II– VIII; (93) fore tarsus; (94) metanotum &amp; pelta; (95) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959357/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">94</figureCitation>
) or broadly triangular (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FB61FA2AFAEBBEDE" box="[1264,1351,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 38</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FAC5FA2AFAD2BEDE" box="[1364,1406,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–103" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-72@38.[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 96–103. Ethirothrips oculus sp. n. (96) Head, female; (97) postero-lateral portion of eye, female, arrow indicates large ommatidia; (98) mesopresternum, female; (99) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (100) fore tarsus, female; (101) fore tarsus, male; (102) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (103) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959359/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">102</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FF73FA0EFEA2BD32" box="[226,270,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–120" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-87@43.[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 115–120. Ethirothrips quadratus sp. n., female. (115) Head &amp; prothorax; (115a) large ommatidia; (116) mesopresternum; (117) antennal segments III–VIII; (118) fore tarsus; (119) metanotum &amp; pelta; (120) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959367/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">119</figureCitation>
), but some species have the pelta of intermediate shape (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FC2BFA0EFBA2BD32" box="[954,1038,1518,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 62–68" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 62–68. Ethirothrips kasetsarti sp. n. (62) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (63) antenna, female; (64) mesopresternum, female; (65) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (66) tube, female; (67) fore tarsus, female; (68) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959345/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 65</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FBA5FA0EFBCEBD32" box="[1076,1122,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">107</figureCitation>
). Interestingly, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FA80FA0EFA30BD32" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1297,1436,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiceps">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FA80FA0EFA30BD32" box="[1297,1436,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. longiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an almost triangular pelta (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDADF9F2FD22BD16" box="[572,654,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–76" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 69–76. Ethirothrips longiceps sp. n. (69) Head, female; (70) mesopresternum, female; (71) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (72) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, male; (73) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (74) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (75) antennal segment III, female; (76) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959347/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
) with the lateral corners recurved which is somewhat similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FF6EF9D6FDAABD6A" box="[255,518,1591,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FF6EF9D6FE00BD6A" box="[255,428,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diaphorothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FDACF9D6FD3ABD6B" box="[573,662,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FDACF9D6FD3ABD6B" box="[573,662,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the pelta irregularly triangular (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FBB0F9D6FBD3BD6A" box="[1057,1151,1590,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 159</figureCitation>
) and very similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FE91F9BAFDA0BD4E" box="[256,524,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Aesthesiothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FE91F9BAFE01BD4E" box="[256,429,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Aesthesiothrips</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
These may suggest that 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FC8EF9BAFC0BBD4E" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[799,935,1627,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FC8EF9BAFC0BBD4E" box="[799,935,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is related to these two genera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF06F99EFE7FBC76" blockId="16.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
8) Tube: Most species have the tube almost as long as head or a little shorter, but some species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FA15F99EFE9FBD86" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FA15F99EFE9FBD86" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FEFDF942FE7DBD86" box="[364,465,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubeus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FEFDF942FE7DBD86" box="[364,465,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E rubeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the tube much longer than head (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FC24F942FBC1BD86" box="[949,1133,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 223–234" captionStartId="70.[151,264,1551,1575]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,309,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-95@70.[159,1428,309,1528]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 223–234. Ethirothrips species, female. (223) E. longiceps sp. n.; (224) E. longisetis; (225) E. malaya sp. n.; (226) E. obscurus; (227) E. oculus sp. n.; (228) E. ommatus sp. n.; (229) E. puiensis sp. n.; (230) E. quadratus sp. n.; (231) E. rubeus, paratype; (232) E. rubeus from Thailand; (233) E. saigon sp. n.; (234) E. setosus sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959419/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 231 &amp; 232</figureCitation>
). Some species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FA15F942FE9FBDDB" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FA15F942FE9FBDDB" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FEFBF926FDAABDDA" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[362,518,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FEFBF926FDAABDDA" box="[362,518,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. stenomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have rather slender tube (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FCC9F926FC16BDDA" box="[856,954,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-111@49.[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Ethirothrips setosus sp. n. (133) Fore femur, male; (134) head &amp; prothorax, female; (135) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (136) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (137) tube, female; (138) fore tarsus, female; (139) fore tarsus, male; (140) mesopresternum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959379/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs 137</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FC4EF926FBA0BDDA" box="[991,1036,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 141–147" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[218,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[215,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 141–147. Ethirothrips stenomelas. (141) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (142) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (143) tube, female; (144) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (145) mesopresternum, female; (146) fore tarsus, female; (147) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959381/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">143</figureCitation>
), though 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FBE7F926FAA2BDDB" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1142,1294,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conopygus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FBE7F926FAA2BDDB" box="[1142,1294,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. conopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the tube somewhat heavy, short and conical (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDECF90AFD7EBC3E" box="[637,722,1771,1797]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
). Particularly, 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FCE7F90AFC76BC3F" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[886,986,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FCE7F90AFC76BC3F" box="[886,986,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">E. tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the slender tube parallel-sided with distinct constriction at apex (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCC8850FDB7F8EEFD25BC12" box="[550,649,1806,1833]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 158</figureCitation>
). Terminal setae usually shorter than tube, but rarely almost as long as tube or a little longer.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8850FF56F89AFE1DBC82" blockId="16.[151,1437,1915,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">This genus, therefore, appears to be extremely difficult to define, and it is here tentatively defined in somewhat broader sense as follows.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFCC8851FF56F822FD9ABA96" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCC8851FF56F822FD9ABA96" blockId="16.[151,1437,1915,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,151,429]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCC8850FF56F822FE95BCE7" box="[199,313,1987,2012]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Medium to large sized species of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCC8850FD54F822FCC5BCE6" box="[709,873,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Macrothripina">Macrothripina</taxonomicName>
. Head variable in length, 1.0–2.0 times as long as broad; cheeks often each with an ommatidium-like structure, but sometimes difficult to observe. A pair of postocular setae well developed; ocellar setae usually minute, but postocellars often elongate. Antennae 8-segmented, rarely 7-segmented; segment III usually longer than IV, rarely shorter than IV; segment III with two, segment IV with four sense-cones (rarely with additional small one). Mouth cone short and rounded; maxillary stylets variable, usually V-shaped, often closer together, sub-parallel or rarely close together medially. Prothoracic notopleural sutures complete. Fore femora unarmed in both sexes; fore tibiae often with an inner apical tubercle or tooth; fore tarsal tooth usually present in both sexes. Metanotal median setae short. Pelta trilobed or broadly triangular. Tube variable, short or long, often somewhat heavy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFCD8851FF06FE1EFCC5B923" box="[151,873,510,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="key">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FE1EFCC5B923" blockId="17.[151,873,510,573]" box="[151,873,510,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FF06FE1EFCC5B923" bold="true" box="[151,873,510,537]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Key to 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FF60FE1FFE4EB923" ID-CoL="62RHH" authority="Karny, 1925" box="[241,482,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FF60FE1FFE29B922" bold="true" box="[241,389,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ethirothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from Southeast Asia to 
<collectingCountry id="19D97672FFCD8851FC9CFE1FFCC5B923" box="[781,873,510,536]" name="Taiwan" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFCD8851FF06FDC2FC9CB906" box="[151,816,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FDC2FC9CB906" blockId="17.[151,873,510,573]" box="[151,816,547,573]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
(*: 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FF2CFDC2FE81B906" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[189,301,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FF2CFDC2FE81B906" box="[189,301,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E. indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FEF5FDC2FDAAB907" baseAuthorityName="Priesner" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[356,518,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitreipennis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FEF5FDC2FDAAB907" box="[356,518,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">E. vitreipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are based on descriptions)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29D46569FFCD8852FF06FD89FA30BE2B" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="key">
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FD89FA30B9A1" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">1. Antennal segment IV with a small dorsal sense-cone in addition to regular four sense-cones; head longer than 1.8 times as long as broad............................................................................................. 2</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FD43FA30B98D" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,673,695]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Not above combination of features........................................................................ 4</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FD5FFA30B9CB" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
2. Fore tibia with an inner apical tubercle in both sexes (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD77FD5FFCC5B9E8" box="[742,873,702,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–76" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 69–76. Ethirothrips longiceps sp. n. (69) Head, female; (70) mesopresternum, female; (71) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (72) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, male; (73) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (74) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (75) antennal segment III, female; (76) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959347/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 71 &amp; 72</figureCitation>
); pelta triangular, without distinct lateral wings, somewhat similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FE16FD3AFDB7B9CB" ID-CoL="62PBY" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1920" box="[391,539,731,752]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Diaphorothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FE16FD3AFDB7B9CB" box="[391,539,731,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diaphorothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDB8FD3AFDDDB9CB" box="[553,625,731,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–76" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 69–76. Ethirothrips longiceps sp. n. (69) Head, female; (70) mesopresternum, female; (71) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (72) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, male; (73) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (74) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (75) antennal segment III, female; (76) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959347/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
); tube distinctly constricted at apex (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC43FD3AFBB4B9CA" box="[978,1048,731,753]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–76" captionStartId="31.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetId="figure-17@31.[228,1360,181,1603]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 69–76. Ethirothrips longiceps sp. n. (69) Head, female; (70) mesopresternum, female; (71) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (72) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, male; (73) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (74) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (75) antennal segment III, female; (76) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959347/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
).................. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA92FD3BFA30B9CB" bold="true" box="[1283,1436,730,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA92FD3BFACCB9CB" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1283,1376,730,752]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longiceps" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA92FD3BFACCB9CB" bold="true" box="[1283,1376,730,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">longiceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FD3AFA30B9CB" box="[1382,1436,731,752]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FD19FA30B836" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,760,782]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Fore tibia without inner apical tubercle; pelta with distinct lateral wings: tube scarcely constricted at apex............... 3</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FCF4FA31B858" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
3. Antennal segment III more than 3.5 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FCBFFCF5FC2FB811" box="[814,899,788,810]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–155" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-188@53.[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 149–155. Ethirothrips (?) stenomelas from Mindanao. (149) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (150) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (151) mesopresternum, female; (152) fore tarsus, female; (153) fore tarsus, male; (154) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (155) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 150</figureCitation>
); postocular setae situated behind inner margin of eyes (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FF78FCD0FE91B87D" box="[233,317,817,839]" captionStart="FIGURE 148" captionStartId="52.[151,250,1110,1134]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,321,1071]" captionTargetId="figure-78@52.[254,1333,309,1087]" captionTargetPageId="52" captionText="FIGURE 148. Ethirothrips stenomelas and E. (?) stenomelas from Mindanao, variation of body size and antennal segment III in females." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959385/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
); fore wing with more than 55 duplicated cilia; tube more than 4.2 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FB32FCD0FB59B87C" box="[1187,1269,817,839]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–155" captionStartId="53.[151,264,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-188@53.[158,1430,525,1907]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="FIGURES 149–155. Ethirothrips (?) stenomelas from Mindanao. (149) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (150) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (151) mesopresternum, female; (152) fore tarsus, female; (153) fore tarsus, male; (154) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (155) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
)........................................................................... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FC49FCAFFBCBB85F" bold="true" box="[984,1127,846,868]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
(?) 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FC6BFCAFFBCBB85F" ID-CoL="3BLBM" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1018,1127,846,868]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">stenomelas</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(from Mindanao and 
<collectingRegion id="A30AF800FFCD8851FAABFCAFFA3AB858" box="[1338,1430,846,867]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">East Java</collectingRegion>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FC8AFA30B8A6" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Antennal segment III less than 2.8 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC9BFC8AFCF1B8BB" box="[778,861,875,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 141–147" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[218,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[215,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 141–147. Ethirothrips stenomelas. (141) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (142) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (143) tube, female; (144) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (145) mesopresternum, female; (146) fore tarsus, female; (147) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 142</figureCitation>
); postocular setae wider apart (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FB15FC8AFB7BB8BB" box="[1156,1239,875,897]" captionStart="FIGURES 141–147" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[218,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[215,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 141–147. Ethirothrips stenomelas. (141) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (142) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (143) tube, female; (144) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (145) mesopresternum, female; (146) fore tarsus, female; (147) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 141</figureCitation>
); fore wing with less than 45 duplicated cilia; tube less than 4.0 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FCCFFC69FC1CB8A6" box="[862,944,904,926]" captionStart="FIGURES 141–147" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox="[218,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-17@51.[215,1371,181,1744]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="FIGURES 141–147. Ethirothrips stenomelas. (141) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (142) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (143) tube, female; (144) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (145) mesopresternum, female; (146) fore tarsus, female; (147) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959381/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 143</figureCitation>
).............................. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FABEFC66FA30B8A6" ID-CoL="3BLBM" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1327,1436,903,925]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenomelas">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FABEFC66FA30B8A6" bold="true" box="[1327,1436,903,925]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">stenomelas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FC44FA30B881" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,932,954]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">4. Head longer than 1.8 times as long as broad................................................................ 5</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FC23FA30B8ED" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,961,983]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Head shorter than 1.6 times as long as broad................................................................ 8</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FC3FFA30BF71" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
5. Head swollen dorsally (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FE59FC3FFDBDB8C8" box="[456,529,990,1012]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
); maxillary stylets deeply retracted to eyes; antennal segments short, segment III shorter than 3.0 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FE72FC1AFD86BF2A" box="[483,554,1019,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 85</figureCitation>
); anterior margin of pronotum rather straight, not emarginate (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FBEBFC1AFB6DBF2B" box="[1146,1217,1019,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
); metanotum distinctly sculptured with concentric reticulation (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDCEFBF9FD0ABF16" box="[607,678,1048,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
); tube short and heavy (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC1BFBF9FC7CBF16" box="[906,976,1048,1070]" captionStart="FIGURES 84–89" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[169,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetId="figure-84@35.[168,1420,309,1553]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 84–89. Ethirothrips malaya sp. n., female. (84) Head &amp; prothorax; (85) antennal segments III–VIII; (86) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (87) metanotum &amp; pelta; (88) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus; (89) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959353/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 89</figureCitation>
), about 2.1 times as long as broad, much shorter than head.................................................................................. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA89FBD5FA30BF71" bold="true" box="[1304,1436,1076,1098]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA89FBD5FACCBF71" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1304,1376,1076,1098]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malaya" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA89FBD5FACCBF71" bold="true" box="[1304,1376,1076,1098]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">malaya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FBD4FA30BF71" box="[1382,1436,1077,1098]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FBB3FA30BF5C" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1105,1127]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Not as above......................................................................................... 6</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FB8FFA30BF9B" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
6. Head projected shortly in front of eyes (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDF6FB8FFD1CBFBF" box="[615,688,1134,1156]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
); antennal segment III unusually long, much longer than 4.0 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FEB7FB6AFEC2BF9B" box="[294,366,1163,1185]" captionStart="FIGURES 36–42" captionStartId="21.[151,264,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,159,1741]" captionTargetId="figure-17@21.[199,1388,159,1742]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="FIGURES 36–42. Ethirothrips colossus sp. n. (36) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (37) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (38) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (39) mesopresternum, female; (40) tube, female; (41) fore tarsus, female; (42) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959331" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959331/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
); maxillary stylets closer than postocular setae, sub-parallel, but not reaching eyes........... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA9CFB6BFA30BF9B" bold="true" box="[1293,1436,1162,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA9CFB6BFACCBF9B" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1293,1376,1162,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colossus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA9CFB6BFACCBF9B" bold="true" box="[1293,1376,1162,1184]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">colossus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FB6AFA30BF9B" box="[1382,1436,1163,1184]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FB49FA30BFE1" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Head not projected in front of eyes; antennal segment III shorter than 4.0 times as long as broad; maxillary stylets not above. ................................................................................................... 7</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FB03FA30BE0B" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
7. Maxillary stylets short and wide apart, retracted to middle of head (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FCF3FB00FC1ABFCD" box="[866,950,1249,1271]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-111@49.[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Ethirothrips setosus sp. n. (133) Fore femur, male; (134) head &amp; prothorax, female; (135) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (136) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (137) tube, female; (138) fore tarsus, female; (139) fore tarsus, male; (140) mesopresternum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 134</figureCitation>
); head shorter than 2.0 times as long as broad; tube tapering, scarcely constricted apically (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDC4FB1FFD04BE28" box="[597,680,1278,1300]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-111@49.[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Ethirothrips setosus sp. n. (133) Fore femur, male; (134) head &amp; prothorax, female; (135) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (136) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (137) tube, female; (138) fore tarsus, female; (139) fore tarsus, male; (140) mesopresternum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
); pelta broadly triangular (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC35FB1FFC5BBE2F" box="[932,1015,1278,1300]" captionStart="FIGURES 133–140" captionStartId="49.[151,264,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-111@49.[158,1429,381,1923]" captionTargetPageId="49" captionText="FIGURES 133–140. Ethirothrips setosus sp. n. (133) Fore femur, male; (134) head &amp; prothorax, female; (135) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (136) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (137) tube, female; (138) fore tarsus, female; (139) fore tarsus, male; (140) mesopresternum, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959379/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 136</figureCitation>
), somewhat similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA9EFB1FFE86BE0A" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA9EFB1FFA30BE28" box="[1295,1436,1278,1299]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Machatothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, antero-median angle obtuse............................................................ 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA88FAFAFA30BE0B" bold="true" box="[1305,1436,1307,1328]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA88FAFAFACCBE0B" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1305,1376,1307,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="setosus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA88FAFAFACCBE0B" bold="true" box="[1305,1376,1307,1328]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">setosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FAFAFA30BE0B" box="[1382,1436,1307,1328]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FAD9FA30BEBD" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Maxillary stylets long and close together medially, retracted to eyes (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC15FAD9FC75BE76" box="[900,985,1335,1358]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 156</figureCitation>
); head longer than 2.0 times as long as broad; tube sub-parallel, distinctly constricted apically (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD20FAB5FCA8BE51" box="[689,772,1364,1386]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 157</figureCitation>
); pelta triangular, somewhat similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FB29FAB5FA35BE51" box="[1208,1433,1364,1386]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FB29FAB5FAE0BE52" box="[1208,1356,1364,1385]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Aesthesiothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, antero-median angle acute (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FE7DFA90FD92BEBC" box="[492,574,1393,1415]" captionStart="FIGURES 156–161" captionStartId="55.[151,264,1770,1794]" captionTargetBox="[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-17@55.[156,1432,181,1746]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 156–161. Ethirothrips tenuis sp. n., female. (156) Head &amp; prothorax; (157) antennal segments III–VIII; (158) tube; (159) metanotum &amp; pelta; (160) prosternum &amp; mesopresternum; (161) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959391/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 159</figureCitation>
)............................................................. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAB5FA90FA30BEBD" bold="true" box="[1316,1436,1393,1414]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FAB5FA90FACCBEBD" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1316,1376,1393,1414]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAB5FA90FACCBEBD" bold="true" box="[1316,1376,1393,1414]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">tenuis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FA90FA30BEBD" box="[1382,1436,1393,1414]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FA6FFA30BE98" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1422,1444]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
8. Maxillary stylets sub-parallel (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDB9FA6FFDC3BE98" box="[552,623,1422,1444]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 43</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD1FFA6FFD1EBE98" box="[654,690,1422,1443]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–114" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[242,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 110–114. Ethirothrips puiensis sp. n., female. (110) Head &amp; prothorax; (111) antennal segments III–VIII; (112) tube; (113) metanotum &amp; pelta; (114) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959365/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">110</figureCitation>
)............................................................ 9
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FA4AFA30BEFB" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1451,1473]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Maxillary stylets V-shaped (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD81FA4AFDFBBEFB" box="[528,599,1451,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 49–55" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[157,1431,181,1462]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 49–55. Ethirothrips dalatae sp. n., female. (4) Head &amp; prothorax; (50) antenna; (51) mesopresternum; (52) metanotum &amp; pelta; (53) fore tarsus; (54) abdominal tergite II; (55) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959339/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Figs 49</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDE7FA4AFD23BEFA" box="[630,655,1451,1473]" captionStart="FIGURES 62–68" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 62–68. Ethirothrips kasetsarti sp. n. (62) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (63) antenna, female; (64) mesopresternum, female; (65) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (66) tube, female; (67) fore tarsus, female; (68) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959345/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">62</figureCitation>
).............................................................. 12
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FA29FA30BEE6" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1479,1502]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
9. Tube longer than head; postocellar setae elongate (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD58FA29FCB0BEE6" box="[713,796,1480,1502]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–114" captionStartId="41.[151,264,1702,1726]" captionTargetBox="[243,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-17@41.[242,1345,181,1678]" captionTargetPageId="41" captionText="FIGURES 110–114. Ethirothrips puiensis sp. n., female. (110) Head &amp; prothorax; (111) antennal segments III–VIII; (112) tube; (113) metanotum &amp; pelta; (114) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959365/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 110</figureCitation>
), usually longer than 1/2 length of postoculars.... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA9EFA26FA30BEE6" bold="true" box="[1295,1436,1479,1501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA9EFA26FACCBEE7" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1295,1376,1479,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA9EFA26FACCBEE7" bold="true" box="[1295,1376,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">puiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7FA29FA30BEE6" box="[1382,1436,1480,1501]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06FA04FA30BEC1" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1508,1530]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Tube shorter than head; postocellar setae minute, usually shorter than a diameter of posterior ocellus.................. 10</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F9E0FA30BD08" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
10. Cheeks distinctly constricted from behind the middle to base (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FCA7F9E0FC25BD2D" box="[822,905,1537,1559]" captionStart="FIGURES 127–132" captionStartId="47.[151,264,1779,1803]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,181,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[159,1428,181,1755]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 127–132. Ethirothrips saigon sp. n., female. (127) Head; (128) antenna; (129) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (130) fore tarsus; (131) metanotum &amp; pelta; (132) abdominal segment IX &amp; tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959375" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959375/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 127</figureCitation>
); pronotal am setae developed, more than 50μm............................................................................................... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA8EF9FFFA30BD08" bold="true" box="[1311,1436,1566,1587]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FA8EF9FFFACCBD08" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1311,1376,1566,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saigon" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FA8EF9FFFACCBD08" bold="true" box="[1311,1376,1566,1587]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">saigon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7F9FFFA30BD08" box="[1382,1436,1566,1587]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F9DAFA30BD56" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Cheeks almost straight, sub-parallel or weakly evenly narrowed to base (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC2DF9DAFBAFBD6B" box="[956,1027,1595,1617]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
); pronotal am setae short, 30μm or shorter .................................................................................................. 11
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F994FA30BD9D" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
11. Tube short and conical, about 0.6 times as long as head, about 1.6 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FBD5F995FB20BDB1" box="[1092,1164,1652,1674]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
); fore tibia with a forwardly directed small inner apical tubercle (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FDD1F970FD24BD9C" box="[576,648,1681,1703]" captionStart="FIGURES 43–48" captionStartId="23.[151,264,1680,1704]" captionTargetBox="[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetId="figure-101@23.[177,1410,345,1657]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURES 43–48. Ethirothrips conopygus sp. n., female. (43) Head &amp; prothorax; (44) antennal segments III–VIII; (45) ferna &amp; mesopresternum; (46) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, arrow indicates forwardly directed tubercle; (47) metanotum &amp; pelta; (48) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959335/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
); S2 setae on abdominal segment IX slightly longer than tube.. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FB66F970FA30BD9D" bold="true" box="[1271,1436,1681,1702]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FB66F970FACCBD9D" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1271,1376,1681,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conopygus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FB66F970FACCBD9D" bold="true" box="[1271,1376,1681,1702]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">conopygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCD8851FAF7F970FA30BD9D" box="[1382,1436,1681,1702]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F94FFA31BDDB" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Tube more than 0.75 times as long as head, more than 2.1 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FC64F94FFBE5BDF8" box="[1013,1097,1710,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–181" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-17@61.[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 176–181. Ethirothrips tibialis. (176) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (177) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (178) tube, female; (179) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (180) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (181) metanotum &amp; pelta, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959401/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 178</figureCitation>
); fore tibia with a laterally directed small inner sub-apical tubercle (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD87F92AFDC6BDDB" box="[534,618,1739,1761]" captionStart="FIGURES 176–181" captionStartId="61.[151,264,1672,1696]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-17@61.[160,1427,181,1649]" captionTargetPageId="61" captionText="FIGURES 176–181. Ethirothrips tibialis. (176) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (177) antennal segments III–VIII, female; (178) tube, female; (179) fore tibia &amp; fore tarsus, female; (180) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (181) metanotum &amp; pelta, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959401/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 179</figureCitation>
); S2 setae on abdominal segment IX shorter than tube................... 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FACBF92BFA31BDDB" ID-CoL="3BLBP" baseAuthorityName="Okajima" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[1370,1437,1738,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FACBF92BFA31BDDB" bold="true" box="[1370,1437,1738,1760]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F909FA30BC21" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
12. Antennal segment III shorter than segment IV (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD37F909FD56BDC6" box="[678,762,1768,1790]" captionStart="FIGURES 121–126" captionStartId="45.[151,264,1450,1474]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,181,1426]" captionTargetId="figure-17@45.[163,1423,181,1426]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 121–126. Ethirothrips rubeus from Thailand, female. (121) Head; (122) antennal segments II–VIII; (123) mesopresternum; (124) metanotum &amp; pelta; (125) tube; (126) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959371" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959371/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 122</figureCitation>
); sense-cones unusually long and curved, longer than 2/3 length of the segment............................................................................................ 13
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F8C3FA30BC0D" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" box="[151,1436,1825,1847]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">- Antennal segment III longer than segment IV; sense-cones shorter............................................. 14</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F8DFFA30BC4B" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
13. Head about 1.1 times as long as broad; postocellar setae usually longer than diameter of an ocellus, 35–65μm; fore wing with 32–40 duplicated cilia............................................................................ 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAD9F8BBFA30BC4B" bold="true" box="[1352,1436,1882,1904]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FAD9F8BBFA3CBC4B" ID-CoL="3BLBB" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1352,1424,1882,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAD9F8BBFA3CBC4B" bold="true" box="[1352,1424,1882,1904]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">indicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F899FA30BC91" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
- Head longer than 1.2 times as long as broad; postocellar setae minute, usually shorter than a diameter of ocellus; fore wing with 15–26 duplicated cilia............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FAC9F875FA30BC91" box="[1368,1436,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubeus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAC9F875FA30BC91" bold="true" box="[1368,1436,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">rubeus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCD8851FF06F850FA31BCDF" blockId="17.[151,1437,616,2020]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
14. Metanotum with a pair of CPS (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCD8851FD8EF850FDC5BCFD" box="[543,617,1969,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–35" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,310,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-90@19.[249,1338,309,1785]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 32–35. Ethirothrips brevis, female. (32) Head &amp; prothorax; (33) antenna; (34) metanotum &amp; pelta; (35) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959329/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
); antennal segment III yellow, weakly shaded with brown distally, segment IV pale brown; fore tibia yellow to yellowish brown, distinctly paler than fore femur.................................. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCD8851FAF3F82FFA31BCDF" ID-CoL="6GT59" baseAuthorityName="Bagnall" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[1378,1437,1998,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCD8851FAF3F82FFA31BCDF" bold="true" box="[1378,1437,1998,2020]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">brevis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FF79FA30BB96" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Metanotum without CPS; colour of antennal segments III–IV and fore tibia variable............................... 15</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FF55FA30BBF1" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,180,202]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
15. Postocellar setae situated between posterior ocelli (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FD7DFF55FC91BBF1" box="[748,829,180,202]" captionStart="FIGURES 169–175" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-17@59.[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 169–175. Ethirothrips thai sp. n. (169) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (170) antenna, female; (171) mesopresternum, female; (172) tube, female; (173) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (174) fore tarsus, female; (175) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959397/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 169</figureCitation>
)............................................... 16
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FF33FA30BBDD" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,209,231]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Postocellar setae situated behind posterior ocelli (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FD4FFF30FC83BBDD" box="[734,815,209,231]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 104</figureCitation>
)................................................. 17
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FF0FFA31BA1B" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
16. Basal 1/2 of antennal segment V yellow (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FDE5FF0FFD65BA38" box="[628,713,238,260]" captionStart="FIGURES 182–189" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-123@62.[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 182–189. Ethirothrips species.E. virgulae, female 182–185: (182) Head; (183) antenna; (184) tube; (185) metanotum &amp; pelta. E. yangi, paratype male 186–189 (these images are provided by Dr. C. L. Wang): (186) Head; (187) antennae; (188) pelta; (189) abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 187</figureCitation>
); fore tarsal tooth very small in female, but developed in male; fore wings distinctly shaded with brown; lateral wings of pelta narrowly fused to median lobe (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FB96FEEAFBF5BA1B" box="[1031,1113,267,289]" captionStart="FIGURES 182–189" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-123@62.[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 182–189. Ethirothrips species.E. virgulae, female 182–185: (182) Head; (183) antenna; (184) tube; (185) metanotum &amp; pelta. E. yangi, paratype male 186–189 (these images are provided by Dr. C. L. Wang): (186) Head; (187) antennae; (188) pelta; (189) abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 188</figureCitation>
)...................... 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FAF7FEEAFA31BA1B" box="[1382,1437,267,288]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yangi">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FAF7FEEAFA31BA1B" bold="true" box="[1382,1437,267,288]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">yangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FEC9FA30BA62" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Antennal segment V brown, often slightly paler on basal 1/2; fore tarsal tooth well-developed in both sexes; fore wings scarcely shaded with brown; lateral wings of pelta widely fused to median lobe (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FC03FEA5FC48BA62" box="[914,996,324,346]" captionStart="FIGURES 169–175" captionStartId="59.[151,264,1595,1619]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetId="figure-17@59.[155,1432,181,1571]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURES 169–175. Ethirothrips thai sp. n. (169) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (170) antenna, female; (171) mesopresternum, female; (172) tube, female; (173) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (174) fore tarsus, female; (175) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959397/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 173</figureCitation>
)............................ 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FAABFEA5FA30BA62" bold="true" box="[1338,1436,324,346]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FAABFEA5FACDBA61" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1338,1377,324,346]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FAABFEA5FACDBA61" bold="true" box="[1338,1377,324,346]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">thai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FEA5FA30BA62" box="[1382,1436,324,345]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FE80FA30BA4D" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,353,375]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">17. Postocular setae rather close together, situated behind inner margin of eyes...................................... 18</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FE9FFA30BAA8" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,382,404]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Postocular setae wider apart, situated behind eyes........................................................... 19</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FE7AFA30BAD1" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
18. Head (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FEB0FE7AFECABA8B" box="[289,358,411,433]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–83" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-126@33.[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 77–83. Ethirothrips longisetis, female. (77) Outer portion of fore femur; (78) head &amp; prothorax; (79) metanotum &amp; pelta; (80) antennal segments III and IV; (81) tube; (82) mesopresternum; (83) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959351/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
) more than 1.50 times as long as broad; postocular setae usually longer than 210μm in female, longer than 170μm in male; cheek with some stout setae; fore femora with a series of long and slender setae in addition to a regular dorso-external seta (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FE85FE35FEF0BAD2" box="[276,348,468,490]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–83" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-126@33.[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 77–83. Ethirothrips longisetis, female. (77) Outer portion of fore femur; (78) head &amp; prothorax; (79) metanotum &amp; pelta; (80) antennal segments III and IV; (81) tube; (82) mesopresternum; (83) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959351/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
); tube rather slender, more than 3.3 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FC08FE35FC72BAD2" box="[921,990,468,490]" captionStart="FIGURES 77–83" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1885,1909]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-126@33.[154,1433,453,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 77–83. Ethirothrips longisetis, female. (77) Outer portion of fore femur; (78) head &amp; prothorax; (79) metanotum &amp; pelta; (80) antennal segments III and IV; (81) tube; (82) mesopresternum; (83) fore tarsus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959351/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
)............................ 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FAAEFE35FA30BAD1" ID-CoL="3BLBF" baseAuthorityName="Ananthakrishnan &amp; Jagadish" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1343,1436,468,490]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longisetis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FAAEFE35FA30BAD1" bold="true" box="[1343,1436,468,490]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">longisetis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FE13FA30B97B" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Head less than 1.45 times as long as broad; postocular setae shorter than 200μm in female, shorter than 160μm in male; cheeks without stout setae; fore femora without long and slender setae in addition to a regular dorso-external seta; tube less than 3.0 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FE55FDCAFDBCB97B" box="[452,528,555,577]" captionStart="FIGURES 182–189" captionStartId="62.[151,264,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetId="figure-123@62.[167,1419,417,1847]" captionTargetPageId="62" captionText="FIGURES 182–189. Ethirothrips species.E. virgulae, female 182–185: (182) Head; (183) antenna; (184) tube; (185) metanotum &amp; pelta. E. yangi, paratype male 186–189 (these images are provided by Dr. C. L. Wang): (186) Head; (187) antennae; (188) pelta; (189) abdomen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959403/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig 184</figureCitation>
).................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FADAFDCBFA30B97B" ID-CoL="3BLBS" baseAuthorityName="Chen" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1355,1436,554,576]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgulae">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FADAFDCBFA30B97B" bold="true" box="[1355,1436,554,576]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">virgulae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FDA9FA30B966" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,583,605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
19. Pelta broadly triangular, similar to those of 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FD12FDA6FCF0B966" box="[643,860,583,605]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FD12FDA6FCBCB967" box="[643,784,583,604]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Machatothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FC18FDA6FC70B966" box="[905,988,583,605]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 107</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FC6AFDA9FBB3B966" box="[1019,1055,584,605]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–120" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-87@43.[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 115–120. Ethirothrips quadratus sp. n., female. (115) Head &amp; prothorax; (115a) large ommatidia; (116) mesopresternum; (117) antennal segments III–VIII; (118) fore tarsus; (119) metanotum &amp; pelta; (120) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959367/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">119</figureCitation>
)............................. 20
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FD84FA30B9AD" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Pelta trilobed, lateral wings narrowly or broadly fused to median lobe, at least lateral wings distinct from median lobe (cf. 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FAE2FD85FF56B9AC" captionStart="FIGURES 49–55" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,181,1462]" captionTargetId="figure-17@25.[157,1431,181,1462]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 49–55. Ethirothrips dalatae sp. n., female. (4) Head &amp; prothorax; (50) antenna; (51) mesopresternum; (52) metanotum &amp; pelta; (53) fore tarsus; (54) abdominal tergite II; (55) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959339/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Figs 52</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FE88FD60FE9EB9AD" box="[281,306,641,662]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–95" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-131@36.[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 90–95. Ethirothrips obscurus, female. (90) Head &amp; prothorax; (91) mesopresternum; (92) antennal segments II– VIII; (93) fore tarsus; (94) metanotum &amp; pelta; (95) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959357/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">94</figureCitation>
)........................................................................................... 22
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FD7FFA30B988" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,669,692]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
20. Head short, about 1.1 times as long as broad (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FD09FD7FFD45B98F" box="[664,745,670,692]" captionStart="FIGURES 115–120" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-87@43.[196,1392,309,1801]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 115–120. Ethirothrips quadratus sp. n., female. (115) Head &amp; prothorax; (115a) large ommatidia; (116) mesopresternum; (117) antennal segments III–VIII; (118) fore tarsus; (119) metanotum &amp; pelta; (120) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959367/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 115</figureCitation>
)........................................... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB6DFD7CFA30B988" bold="true" box="[1276,1436,669,691]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FB6DFD7CFACCB988" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1276,1376,669,691]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadratus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB6DFD7CFACCB988" bold="true" box="[1276,1376,669,691]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">quadratus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FD7FFA30B988" box="[1382,1436,670,691]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FD5AFA30B9EB" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,699,721]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Head elongate, more than 1.4 times as long as broad........................................................ 21</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FD39FA30B832" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
21. Fore tarsal tooth absent in female (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FDB4FD36FDDBB9D6" box="[549,631,727,749]" captionStart="FIGURES 96–103" captionStartId="38.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetId="figure-72@38.[215,1371,273,1611]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 96–103. Ethirothrips oculus sp. n. (96) Head, female; (97) postero-lateral portion of eye, female, arrow indicates large ommatidia; (98) mesopresternum, female; (99) antennal segments II–VIII, female; (100) fore tarsus, female; (101) fore tarsus, male; (102) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (103) tube, female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959359/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
); cheeks without ommatidium-like structure on at least behind the middle; postocellar setae minute, shorter than diameter of a posterior ocellus............................................. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA8EFD15FA30B832" bold="true" box="[1311,1436,756,778]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FA8EFD15FACCB831" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1311,1376,756,778]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oculus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA8EFD15FACCB831" bold="true" box="[1311,1376,756,778]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">oculus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FD15FA30B832" box="[1382,1436,756,777]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FCF3FA30B878" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Fore tarsal tooth present in female (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FDD0FCF0FD3AB81D" box="[577,662,785,807]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
); cheeks each with a small ommatidium-like structure at basal 1/3 (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FABEFCF0FA3DB81C" box="[1327,1425,785,807]" captionStart="FIGURES 104–109" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetId="figure-23@40.[161,1426,181,1656]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 104–109. Ethirothrips ommatus sp. n., female. (104) Head &amp; prothorax; (104a) large ommatidia; (104b) ommatidium-like structure; (105) antennal segments II–VIII; (106) tube; (107) metanotum &amp; pelta; (108) fore tarsus; (109) ferna and mesopresternum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959361/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 104b</figureCitation>
); postocellar setae elongate, but variable in length, usually longer than 2/3 of postoculars................... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA94FCCFFA30B878" bold="true" box="[1285,1436,814,835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FA94FCCFFACCB878" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1285,1376,814,835]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ommatus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA94FCCFFACCB878" bold="true" box="[1285,1376,814,835]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">ommatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FCCFFA30B878" box="[1382,1436,814,835]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FCAAFA30B846" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
22. Postocellar setae elongate (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FE75FCAAFD87B85B" box="[484,555,843,865]" captionStart="FIGURES 90–95" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-131@36.[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 90–95. Ethirothrips obscurus, female. (90) Head &amp; prothorax; (91) mesopresternum; (92) antennal segments II– VIII; (93) fore tarsus; (94) metanotum &amp; pelta; (95) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959357/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
), much longer than diameter of a posterior ocellus; antennal segments III and IV yellow (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FAE4FCAAFF51B846" captionStart="FIGURES 90–95" captionStartId="36.[151,264,1973,1997]" captionTargetBox="[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetId="figure-131@36.[160,1427,378,1949]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURES 90–95. Ethirothrips obscurus, female. (90) Head &amp; prothorax; (91) mesopresternum; (92) antennal segments II– VIII; (93) fore tarsus; (94) metanotum &amp; pelta; (95) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959357/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 92</figureCitation>
); fore wings clear............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FAD2FC86FA30B846" ID-CoL="3BLBL" baseAuthorityName="Schmutz" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1347,1436,871,893]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurus">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FAD2FC86FA30B846" bold="true" box="[1347,1436,871,893]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FC64FA30B8A2" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,900,922]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Not above combination of features....................................................................... 23</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FC40FA30B88D" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,929,951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
23. Terminal setae almost as long as tube, or a little longer............................................ 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB6DFC40FA30B88D" bold="true" box="[1276,1436,929,951]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB6DFC40FAFBB88C" bold="true" box="[1276,1367,929,951]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">terminali</emphasis>
s sp. n.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FC5FFA30B8E8" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,958,980]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Terminal setae much shorter than tube.................................................................... 24</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FC3AFA30B8CB" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,986,1009]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
24. Pronotal aa setae longer than am; S1 setae on abdominal tergite IX shorter than tube...................... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA89FC3BFA30B8CB" bold="true" box="[1304,1436,986,1008]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FA89FC3BFACCB8CB" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1304,1376,986,1008]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalatae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA89FC3BFACCB8CB" bold="true" box="[1304,1376,986,1008]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">dalatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FC3AFA30B8CB" box="[1382,1436,987,1008]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FC19FA30BF11" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Pronotal am and aa setae short and subequal in length; S1 setae on abdominal tergite IX almost as long as tube, or a little longer............................................................................................. 25</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FBD0FA30BF7D" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" box="[151,1436,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
25. Antennal segments III and IV largely yellow (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FD0AFBD0FD4FBF7C" box="[667,739,1073,1095]" captionStart="FIGURES 62–68" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1634,1658]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-17@29.[157,1429,181,1610]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 62–68. Ethirothrips kasetsarti sp. n. (62) Head &amp; prothorax, female; (63) antenna, female; (64) mesopresternum, female; (65) metanotum &amp; pelta, female; (66) tube, female; (67) fore tarsus, female; (68) fore tarsus, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959345/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
); fore tibiae yellowish, much paler than fore femora... 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA93FBD0FA30BF7D" bold="true" box="[1282,1436,1073,1095]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FA93FBD0FACDBF7C" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1282,1377,1073,1095]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kasetsarti" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA93FBD0FACDBF7C" bold="true" box="[1282,1377,1073,1095]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">kasetsarti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FBD0FA30BF7D" box="[1382,1436,1073,1094]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FBAFFA30BFBA" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">- Antennal segments III and IV largely brown, but basal 1/3 of segment III often paler; fore tibia yellowish brown to brown... .................................................................................................. 26</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FB66FA30BFED" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
26. Head shorter than 1.3 times as long as broad; antennal segment III shorter than 2.5 times as long as broad; anterior margin of pelta pointed medially at an acute angle (
<figureCitation id="F9F52A67FFCE8852FDFDFB45FD18BF81" box="[620,692,1188,1210]" captionStart="FIGURES 56–61" captionStartId="27.[151,264,1547,1571]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1523]" captionTargetId="figure-17@27.[161,1426,181,1523]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 56–61. Ethirothrips duricaudus sp. n., female. (56) Head &amp; prothorax; (57) antennal segments II–VIII; (58) mesopresternum; (59) metanotum &amp; pelta; (60) fore tarsus; (61) tube." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7959341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7959341/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
); fore wings shaded with brown, usually with 9–12 duplicated cilia.............................................................................................. 
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB61FB20FA30BFED" bold="true" box="[1264,1436,1217,1239]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FB61FB20FACCBFEC" authority="Okajima &amp; Masumoto, 2023" authorityName="Okajima &amp; Masumoto" authorityYear="2023" box="[1264,1376,1217,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duricaudus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FB61FB20FACCBFEC" bold="true" box="[1264,1376,1217,1239]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">duricaudus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4889578BFFCE8852FAF7FB20FA30BFED" box="[1382,1436,1217,1238]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="617136E2FFCE8852FF06FB3FFA30BE2B" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,1297]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
- Head about 1.5 times as long as broad, or longer; antennal segment III about 3.0 times as long as broad; anterior margin of pelta pointed medially at an obtuse angle; fore wings almost clear, with 15–19 duplicated cilia.................. 
<taxonomicName id="A6CE4D61FFCE8852FA8DFB1AFA3CBE2B" ID-CoL="3BLBT" baseAuthorityName="Priesner" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[1308,1424,1275,1296]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Ethirothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitreipennis">
<emphasis id="53BAEAF0FFCE8852FA8DFB1AFA3CBE2B" bold="true" box="[1308,1424,1275,1296]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">vitreipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>