274 lines
30 KiB
XML
274 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="847D3B8B0E12F3FEBF8F84CDC991D792">New records of Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Mauritius</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2155BE2BAD5A29057E039181B0FD2EFF">Payet, Rose-My</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4ADE262B67692995EEE52F6781B840CD">CIRAD, UPR Hortsys, Station de Bassin-Plat, 97410, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0664D99782778FD007BCE99018BBD58C">Acarologia</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAA8E9986FD0816B3" bold="true" box="[491,744,982,1006]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus persimilis</emphasis>
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Athias-Henriot
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAA8E99A8FC18114D" ID-CoL="4HP6W" authority="Athias-Henriot, 1957: 347" authorityName="Athias-Henriot" authorityPageNumber="347" authorityYear="1957" box="[491,1016,1016,1040]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAA8E99A8FD07114D" box="[491,743,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus persimilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA98999A8FC18114D" author="Athias-Henriot C." box="[748,1016,1016,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="319 - 352" refId="ref6001" refString="Athias-Henriot C. 1957. Phytoseiidae et Aceosejidae (Acarina, Gamasina) d'Algerie. I. Genres Blattisocius Keegan, Iphiseius Berlese, Amblyseius Berlese, Phytoseius Ribaga, Phytoseiulus Evans. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 48: 319 - 352." type="journal article" year="1957">Athias-Henriot, 1957: 347</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAF6199A9FAF9114D" author="Moraes G. J. de & McMurtry J. A. & Denmark H. A." box="[1028,1305,1016,1040]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" refId="ref7345" refString="Moraes G. J. de, McMurtry J. A., Denmark H. A. 1986. A catalog of the mite family Phytoseiidae. References to taxonomy, synonymy, distribution and habitat. EMBRAPA - DDT, Brasilia, Brazil, 353 pp." type="book" year="1986">
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Moraes
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAF1499A9FB47114D" box="[1137,1191,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">et al.</emphasis>
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, 1986: 109
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;
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Moraes
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAEE999A9FA23114D" box="[1420,1475,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">et al.</emphasis>
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2004: 169;
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA9079E4AFC44116F" author="Chant D. A. & McMurtry J. A." box="[610,932,1050,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="13 - 25" refId="ref6325" refString="Chant D. A., McMurtry J. A. 2006. A review of the subfamily Amblyseiinae Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae): Part VIII. The tribes Macroseiini Chant, Denmark and Baker, Phytoseiulini n. tribe, Afroseiulini n. tribe and Indoseiulini Ehara and Amano. Intern. J. Acarol. 32 (1): 13 - 25. doi: 10.1080 / 01647950608684439" type="journal article" year="2006">Chant & McMurtry, 2006: 20</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA8D59E4AFBEB116F" author="Chant D. A. & McMurtry J. A." box="[944,1035,1050,1074]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" refId="ref6398" refString="Chant D. A., McMurtry J. A. 2007. Illustrated keys and diagnoses for the genera and sub-genera of the Phytoseiidae of the World. Indira Publishing House, West Bloomfield, Michigan, 220 pp." type="book" year="2007">2007: 55</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAF519E4AFA54116F" ID-CoL="4HP6X" authority="Dosse, 1958: 48" authorityName="Dosse" authorityPageNumber="48" authorityYear="1958" box="[1076,1460,1050,1074]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="riegeli">
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAF519E4AFAEC116F" box="[1076,1292,1050,1074]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus riegeli</emphasis>
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(synonymy according to
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA99A9E6DFC4D1108" author="Chant D. A." box="[767,941,1085,1109]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" refId="ref6126" refString="Chant D. A. 1959. Phytoseiid mites. Part I. Bionomics of seven species in south-eastern England. Part II. A taxonomic review of the family Phytoseiidae, with descriptions of 38 new species. Can. Entomol." type="book" year="1959">Chant, 1959: 109</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAA8E9E0FFC04112A" authority=", Hirschmann, 1962: 75" authorityName="Hirschmann" authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1962" box="[491,996,1119,1143]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Typhlodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAA8E9E0FFD11112A" box="[491,753,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Typhlodromus persimilis</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA99B9E0FFC04112A" author="Hirschmann W." box="[766,996,1119,1143]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="5 - 6" refId="ref6749" refString="Hirschmann W. 1962. Gangystematik der Parasitiformes. Acarologie Schriftenreihe fur Vergleichende Milbenkunde, Hirschmann-Verlag, Furth / Bay, 5 (5 - 6), 80 pp. + 32 plates." type="book chapter" year="1962">Hirschmann, 1962: 75</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDAA8E9ED2FBBE11C7" blockId="4.[491,1503,1016,1247]" box="[491,1118,1154,1178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
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<treatmentCitation id="635BBD59FFDFFFBDAA8E9ED2FBBA11C7" author="Wainstein B. A." box="[491,1114,1154,1178]" page="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" year="1962">
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<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAA8E9ED2FBBA11C7" ID-CoL="4HP6W" authority=", Wainstein, 1962: 17" authorityName=", Wainstein" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1962" box="[491,1114,1154,1178]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis" subGenus="Phytoseiulus">
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAA8E9ED2FD9611C7" box="[491,630,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA9E69ED2FCEB11C7" box="[643,779,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA87F9ED2FC6311C7" box="[794,899,1154,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">persimilis</emphasis>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA8F59ED2FBBA11C7" author="Wainstein B. A." box="[912,1114,1154,1178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="5 - 30" refId="ref8373" refString="Wainstein B. A. 1962. Revision du genre Typhlodromus Scheuten, 1857 et systematique de la famille des Phytoseiidae (Berlese 1916) (Acarina: Parasitiformes). Acarologia 4: 5 - 30." type="journal article" year="1962">Wainstein, 1962: 17</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDAA8E9EF4FDB81182" blockId="4.[491,1503,1016,1247]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="C2EABC66FFDFFFBDAA8E9EF4FDB81182" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
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<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAA8E9EF4FC6711E0" ID-CoL="4HP6Z" authority="(Lombardini, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Lombardini" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[491,903,1188,1213]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAA8E9EF4FD5511E1" box="[491,693,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus tardi</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA9D89EF5FC6111E0" author="Lombardini G." box="[701,897,1189,1213]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="163 - 167" refId="ref7139" refString="Lombardini G. 1959. Acari Nuovi. XXXVII. Boll. Ist. Entomol. Agr. 21: 163 - 167." type="journal article" year="1959">Lombardini, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 166 (synonymy according to
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="635BBD59FFDFFFBDAFBA9EF5FDAD1182" author="Kennett C. E. & Caltagirone L. E." page="571" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAFBA9EF5FDAD1182" author="Kennett C. E. & Caltagirone L. E." pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="563 - 577" refId="ref6879" refString="Kennett C. E., Caltagirone L. E. 1968. Biosystematics of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot (Acarina: Phytoseiidae). Acarologia 10 (4): 563 - 577." type="journal article" year="1968">Kennett & Caltagirone, 1968: 571</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769F5CFA7A1079" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" box="[531,1434,1292,1316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
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||
Specimens examined — Cascavelle (
|
||
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,
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, alt.
|
||
<quantity id="250236ADFFDFFFBDAF949F5CFAD41079" box="[1265,1332,1292,1316]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" unit="m" value="135.0">135 m</quantity>
|
||
), 14 ?? +
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AAE0C8C3FFDFFFBFAA8E9F7FFD41170A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="778" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDAA8E9F7FFB8E101A" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" box="[491,1134,1327,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
4 ?? +
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDA9509F7FFD59101A" box="[565,697,1327,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="immature">5 immatures</specimenCount>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDA9849F7FFC39101A" box="[737,985,1327,1351]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lycopersicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA9849F7FFC39101A" box="[737,985,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Solanum lycopersicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<date id="9644BD88FFDFFFBDA8989F7FFB8A101A" box="[1021,1130,1327,1351]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" value="2017-09-28">28-IX-2017</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769F01FDA0108C" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
Previous Records — Widely distributed in Africa,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9AEDDBD8FFDFFFBDAF359F01FB541034" box="[1104,1204,1361,1385]" name="Australia" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Europe, especially Mediterranean countries, South America, and Asia, probably after largely distributed commercial uses in the world, dispersion in the environment in at least some locations and establishment of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769F8BFDB41306" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
Remarks — (tables 2 & 3) — Measurements of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDAF299F8BFB4A10AE" box="[1100,1194,1499,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="adult">14 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
females collected in this work (
|
||
<tableCitation id="AF78AEF3FFDFFFBDA9559FAEFD62134B" box="[560,642,1534,1558]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="5.[515,574,317,338]" captionText="Table 2 Comparison of measurements of adult females ofPhytoseiulus persimilis collected in this study with those in previous studies (localities followed by the number of specimens measured between brackets)." pageId="4" pageNumber="776" tableUuid="B685CBC0FFDEFFBCA9669B6DFD4414DD">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) agree very well with measurements of the literature, especially with those of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAA8E9C70FD111365" author="Ueckermann E. A. & Zannou I. D. & Moraes G. J. de & Oliveira A. R. de & Hanna R. & Yaninek J. S." box="[491,753,1568,1592]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="1 - 20" refId="ref8262" refString="Ueckermann E. A., Zannou I. D., Moraes G. J. de, Oliveira A. R. de, Hanna R., Yaninek J. S. 2007. Phytoseiidd mites of the subfamily Phytoseiinae (Acari: Phytoseiidae) from sub-Saharan Africa. Zootaxa 1658, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Ueckermann
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA91C9C71FD551365" box="[633,693,1568,1592]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
obtained with a great number of specimens (29) from various African countries.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769C36FD2613B8" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
Macrosetae on basitarsus of leg IV are not serrated but macrosetae of genu and tibia are serrated and there is no pre-anal macrosetae on the ventrianal shield. These are key characters of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDA96C9CFCFD6D139E" authorityName=", Wainstein" authorityYear="1962" box="[521,653,1707,1731]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA96C9CFCFD6D139E" box="[521,653,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">P. persimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in comparison to the closely related species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAF159CFBFD2213B8" authority="(Banks) (Okassa et al. 2010)" authorityName="Okassa et al." authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macropilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAF159CFBFA97139E" box="[1136,1399,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus macropilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Banks) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAA979C9DFD5B13B8" author="Okassa M. & Tixier M. - S. & Kreiter S." box="[498,699,1741,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="291 - 303" refId="ref7767" refString="Okassa M., Tixier M. - S., Kreiter S. 2010. Morphological and molecular diagnostic of Phytoseiulus persimilis and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 52: 291 - 303. doi: 10.1007 / s 10493 - 010 - 9364 - x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Okassa
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA9229C9EFD6513B8" box="[583,645,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769CA0FB171277" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
Only few measurements of adult males are available in the literature and consequently measurements of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDA9B49D42FCA21277" box="[721,834,1810,1834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="male">four males</specimenCount>
|
||
found in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9AEDDBD8FFDFFFBDA8CB9D42FBF51277" box="[942,1045,1810,1834]" name="Mauritius" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
are of great interest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769D65FBAA1232" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
Four males and
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDA9A19D65FCD81210" box="[708,824,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="female">14 females</specimenCount>
|
||
in a collected population with a sex ratio of nearly
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDAE059D65FA271210" box="[1376,1479,1845,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="female">4 females</specimenCount>
|
||
to
|
||
<specimenCount id="F4FC50C1FFDFFFBDAA8E9D08FDAC1232" box="[491,588,1879,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
is not exceptional for that species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA8A69D07FBDF1232" author="Laing J. E." box="[963,1087,1879,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="578 - 588" refId="ref7062" refString="Laing J. E. 1968. Life history and life table of Phytoseiulus persimilis. Acarologia 10: 578 - 588." type="journal article" year="1968">Laing 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBDA9769D2AFA2212CE" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" box="[531,1474,1914,1939]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDA9769D2AFCF012CF" authorityName=", Wainstein" authorityYear="1962" box="[531,784,1914,1938]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA9769D2AFCF012CF" box="[531,784,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Phytoseiulus persimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a Mediterranean / subtropical predatory mite that is a
|
||
<typeStatus id="3D4125EAFFDFFFBDAEF19D2BFA2212CE" box="[1428,1474,1915,1939]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">type</typeStatus>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E2459B48FFDFFFBFAA8E9DCDFD41170A" blockId="4.[491,1531,1292,2042]" lastBlockId="6.[491,1537,229,599]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="778" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">
|
||
I species, i.e. a specialist predator of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDA8D19DCDFBE812E9" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1836" box="[948,1032,1949,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" genus="Tetranychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA8D19DCDFBE812E9" box="[948,1032,1949,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">urticae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDFFFBDAE519DCCFA2412E9" box="[1332,1476,1948,1972]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" genus="Tetranychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDAE519DCCFA2412E9" box="[1332,1476,1948,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">Tetranychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAA979DEFFCE0128A" author="McMurtry J. A. & Croft B. A." box="[498,768,1983,2007]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="291 - 321" refId="ref7200" refString="McMurtry J. A., Croft B. A. 1997. Life-styles of phytoseiid mites and their roles in biological control. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 42: 291 - 321. doi: 10.1146 / annurev. ento. 42.1.291" type="journal article" year="1997">McMurtry and Croft 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDA86C9D90FC1C128A" author="McMurtry J. A. & Moraes G. J. de & Sourasso N. F." box="[777,1020,1983,2008]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" pagination="297 - 320" refId="ref7298" refString="McMurtry J. A., Moraes G. J. de, Sourasso N. F. 2013. Revision of the life styles of phytoseiid mites and implications for biological control strategies. Syst. Appl. Acarol. 18: 297 - 320." type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
McMurtry
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDFFFBDA8E99D90FC2A128A" box="[908,970,1983,2007]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="776">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Considerable research has been conducted on this predator–prey interaction (see review by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="866BE6B9FFDFFFBDAF639DB1FAFB12A4" author="Kostiainen T. & Hoy M. A." box="[1030,1307,2017,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="776" refId="ref6959" refString="Kostiainen T., Hoy M. A. 1996. The Phytoseiidae as biological control agents of pest mites and insects. A bibliography. Monograph 17. University of Florida, Agricultural Experiment Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, USA, 355 pp." type="book" year="1996">Kostiainen and Hoy 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and numerous biological control programs have used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDDFFBFA8F19AB6FBFA15A0" authorityName=", Wainstein" authorityYear="1962" box="[916,1050,229,253]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDDFFBFA8F19AB6FBFA15A0" box="[916,1050,229,253]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="778">P. persimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
against
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDDFFBFAF139AB6FB0715A0" authorityName="Koch" authorityYear="1836" box="[1142,1255,230,253]" class="Arachnida" family="Tetranychidae" genus="Tetranychus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="urticae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDDFFBFAF139AB6FB0715A0" box="[1142,1255,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="778">T. urticae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on a wide range of ornamental and vegetable crops.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25FAE0CBFFDDFFBFA8379B58FBAE147D" authorityName=", Wainstein" authorityYear="1962" box="[850,1102,264,288]" class="Arachnida" family="Phytoseiidae" genus="Phytoseiulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="778" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D08E475AFFDDFFBFA8379B58FBAE147D" box="[850,1102,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="778">Phytoseiulus persimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the first greenhouse biological control agents available commercially and it is one of the most successful biological control agents. It can also be used in temperate climates on open-field crops such as strawberries. Optimum conditions are 20-27 °C and relative humidity of 60-90 %. Cooler or warmer temperatures may have a negative effect on reproduction, development and efficiency of this predatory mite. This species is present in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9AEDDBD8FFDDFFBFA88C9BE5FBB01490" box="[1001,1104,437,461]" name="Mauritius" pageId="6" pageNumber="778">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
probably because of its commercial introduction and uses in vegetable and ornamental greenhouses, dispersion of some specimens released and establishment in the environment. This species is actually reared and sold in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9AEDDBD8FFDDFFBFA96C984DFD691769" box="[521,649,540,564]" name="Réunion" pageId="6" pageNumber="778">La Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
and commercialised in Mascareignes since a long time (Quilici, personal communication).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |