197 lines
22 KiB
XML
197 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="9FB98A058BE72B6FEC5791C66DB8D071">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FE9D54CD665AF70965A1EDD02F7DC81C">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="670124ABC769FBA1E42C6A08FF96BAE7">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="87D3BBD57E66303D8B78581BF5410A7E">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="8AC9742428ADA5A8C4C0E32394CD1F32">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="8D42D67D696E208AA1E12D47C593E1C0">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="77908CE96D0CBEC4E8286CEB7150910B">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FFEB20220D8A10FE0B5EF467" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6725265" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196220909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6725265" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FFEB20220D8A10FE0B5EF467" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FFEB20220D8A10FE0B5EF467" lastPageNumber="346" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8A10FE093BFB0B" box="[189,268,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8A10FE093BFB0B" blockId="69.[185,1190,1186,1310]" box="[189,268,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEB20220D8A10FE093BFB0B" box="[189,268,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FFEB20220D8A10FE093BFB0B" box="[189,268,1186,1232]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="64.[116,146,3216,3241]" captionTargetBox="[13,2749,15,3648]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="On following pages: 149. Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsyivanicus); 150. Long-tailed Vole (Microtus longicaudus); 151. Creeping Vole (Microtus oregoni); 152. Major's Pine Vole (Microtus majori); 153. Common Pine Vole (Microtus subterraneus); 154. Caucasian Pine Vole (Microtus daghestanicus); 155. Alpine Pine Vole (Microtus multiplex); 156. Liechtenstein’s Pine Vole (Microtus liechtensteini); 157. Tatra Pine Vole (Microtus tatricus): 158. Mediterranean Pine Vole (Microtus duodecimcostatus); 159. Lusitanian Pine Vole (Microtus lusitanicus); 160. Pyrenean Pine Vole (Microtus gerbil); 161. Savi's Pine Vole (Microtus savii): 162. Calabria Pine Vole (Microtus brachycercus); 163. Sicilian Pine Vole (Microtus nebrodensis); 164. Thomas's Pine Vole (Microtus thomasi); 165. Balkan Pine Vole (Microtus felteni); 166. Schelkovnikov's Pine Vole (Microtus schelkovnikovi): 167. Harting's Vole (Microtus hartingi); 168. Levant Vole (Microtus guentheri); 169. Dogramaci’s Vole (Microtus dogramacii); 170. Cyrenaica Vole (Microtus mustersi); 171. Social Vole (Microtus socialis): 172. Anatolian Vole (Microtus anatolicus): 173. Iranian Vole (Microtus iran); 174. Kopet Dag Pine Vole (Microtus paradoxus); 175. Common Vole (Microtus arvalis); 176. Altai Vole (Microtus obscurus); 177. East European Vole (Microtus mystacinus); 178. Kerman Vole (Microtus kermanensis); 179. Transcaspian Vole (Microtus transcaspicus); 180. Tian Shan Vole (Microtus ilaeus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708419/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">160.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220C2A10FE0A84FB0B" box="[285,691,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220C2A10FE0A84FB0B" blockId="69.[185,1190,1186,1310]" box="[285,691,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEB20220C2A10FE0A84FB0B" box="[285,691,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEB20220C2A10FE0A84FB0B" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[285,691,1186,1232]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">Pyrenean Pine Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220FCD10FE0BC9FB0B" box="[762,1022,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220FCD10FE0BC9FB0B" blockId="69.[185,1190,1186,1310]" box="[762,1022,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEB20220FCD10FE0BC9FB0B" box="[762,1022,1186,1232]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220FCD10FE0BC9FB0B" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[762,1022,1186,1232]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220FCD10FE0BC9FB0B" box="[762,1022,1186,1232]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Microtus gerbii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8E10BE0A04FAC5" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8E10BE0C91FB2C" blockId="69.[185,1190,1186,1310]" box="[185,1190,1250,1271]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEB20220D8E10BE0C91FB2C" box="[185,1190,1250,1271]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8E10BE0932FB2C" bold="true" box="[185,261,1250,1271]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEB20220C3910BE09D5FB2C" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[270,482,1250,1271]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">Campagnol de Gerbe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220CC010BE0A66FB2C" bold="true" box="[503,593,1250,1271]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEB20220F6C10BE0B6FFB2C" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[603,856,1250,1271]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">Pyrenaen-Kleinwihimaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220E5A10BE0BFFFB2C" bold="true" box="[877,968,1250,1271]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEB20220EF910BE0C91FB2C" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[974,1190,1250,1271]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">Topillo de los Pirineos</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8E11550A04FAC5" blockId="69.[185,1190,1186,1310]" box="[185,563,1289,1310]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEB20220D8E11550A04FAC5" box="[185,563,1289,1310]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8E11550987FAC5" bold="true" box="[185,432,1289,1310]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEB20220C8E11550A04FAC5" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[441,563,1289,1310]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii">Gerbe's Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220E29110C0D71FA4F" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220E29110C0D71FA4F" blockId="69.[793,1390,1360,1783]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220E29110C0B8DFAB6" bold="true" box="[798,954,1360,1389]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220EFC110C0BA0FA4F" authority="Gerbe, 1879" authorityName="Gerbe" authorityYear="1879" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gerbii" subGenus="Microtus">Arvicola (Microtus) gerbii Gerbe, 1879</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FFEB20220E9011270D71FA4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814890" box="[935,1350,1403,1428]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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Dreneuf, lower
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FFEB202209B311270CE6FA4F" box="[1156,1233,1403,1428]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Loire</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FFEB202209D711270D75FA4F" box="[1248,1346,1403,1428]" name="France" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">France</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220E2911C30D71F8C5" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220E2911C30D71F8C5" blockId="69.[793,1390,1360,1783]" lastBlockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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Widely used species name gerbe: is an unjustified emendation of the original gerbii.
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220E1711B60BB8F9D0" box="[800,911,1514,1547]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Microtus</taxonomicName>
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gerbii is in subgenus 7Terricola and
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220E1612490BCCF9E9" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[801,1019,1557,1586]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
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species group. Earlier it was known as
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220ED1121C0CABF982" baseAuthorityName="de Sélys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[998,1180,1600,1625]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyrenaicus">M. pyrenaicus</taxonomicName>
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, which is a nomen dubium (dubious name) meaning that taxonomic identity of a nominal species-group taxon cannot be determined with certainty. It was classified in genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220D8E12A1092DF8C5" box="[185,282,1789,1822]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Pitymys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pitymys</taxonomicName>
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. Four subspecies are occasionally recognized but are ill-defined. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8E13790B51F8B6" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFFEB20220D8E13790B51F8B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760659" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760659/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" startId="69.[185,357,1829,1862]" targetBox="[183,775,1364,1779]" targetPageId="69">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8E13790B51F8B6" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8E1379095EF89D" bold="true" box="[185,361,1829,1862]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Distribution.</emphasis>
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France (roughly W of Massif Central and S of Loire River), Andorra, and N & NE Spain (from E Cantabria to E Pyrenees).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F132F0D5DF75A" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F132F0D5DF75A" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F132F0986F84F" bold="true" box="[184,433,1907,1940]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 92-108 mm,tail 22-36-6 mm; weight 17-32 g. The Pyrenean Pine Vole is moderately sized, with short tail. Females have two pairs of inguinal nipples. Pelage on back is buffy brown to dark brown and gray on belly. Skull is more robust than in other species in group
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220FFC13B50B91F7D1" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[715,934,2025,2058]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
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. Supraorbital ridges are relatively prominent but remain separated in interorbital region. Alveolar process is hardly notable on outer side of mandibular ramus. Upper incisors are only slightly proodont. Molars do not differ markedly from those in the Lusitanian Pine Vole (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB202209AB1C3C0D6AF75A" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1180,1373,2144,2177]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lusitanicus">M. lusitanicus</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F1CDB0B32F69E" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F1CDB0B32F69E" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F1CDB0910F773" bold="true" box="[184,295,2183,2216]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Forest edge, clearings, and meadows with deep soil and dense vegetation at elevations of 800-2035 m. The Pyrenean Pine Vole occurs in areas with an annual isotherm of 15-16°C and precipitation above 1000 mm/year. It has been recorded in dense vegetation along montane brooks and in stone walls encircling fields. It avoids steep slopes and skeletal soil (35% rocky).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F1D100C5FF638" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F1D100C5FF638" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F1D1009F6F6B6" bold="true" box="[184,449,2380,2413]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Pyrenean Pine Vole mainly eats leaves and stems of dicotyledonous plants. Bulbs of fume wort (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220FFB1D2F0B71F64F" box="[716,838,2419,2452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Corydalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Corydalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
solida,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220E841D2F0C40F64F" box="[947,1143,2419,2452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Papaveraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), autumn crocus (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220DF31DC3097CF667" box="[196,331,2463,2492]" class="Liliopsida" family="Colchicaceae" genus="Colchicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Colchicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
montanum,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220CC21DC30A83F667" box="[501,692,2463,2492]" class="Liliopsida" family="Colchicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Colchicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and pignut (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220EB31DC30C1EF667" box="[900,1065,2463,2492]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" genus="Conopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Conopodium</taxonomicName>
|
||
majus,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB202209A61DC30D25F667" box="[1169,1298,2463,2492]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Apiales" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Apiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found in caches. Mean weight of cached parts of geophytes was 1 g.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F1DB50D52F5E9" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F1DB50D52F5E9" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F1DB5090BF5D1" bold="true" box="[184,316,2537,2570]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeding of the Pyrenean Pine Vole occurs throughout the year but is most intensive in April-November. Females were recorded with 1-4 embryos (most often 2-3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D811E64099EF57C" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D811E64099EF57C" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D811E640997F582" bold="true" box="[182,416,2616,2649]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Pyrenean Pine Vole is less fossorial than the Mediterranean Pine Vole (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEB20220DF21E3F09E7F55B" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[197,464,2659,2688]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">M. duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or the Lusitanian Pine Vole. It is also less proficient at swimming, but it does climb.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F1EF20B43F4C5" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F1EF20B43F4C5" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F1EF20B45F514" bold="true" box="[184,882,2734,2767]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Pyrenean Pine Voles occur in social groups of 5-16 individuals. Level of aggressiveness is low in interactions involving individuals from the same and different social groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8F1F780BBAF4B6" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8F1F780BBAF4B6" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8F1F780A20F49E" bold="true" box="[184,535,2852,2885]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (as M. gerbei) Overall distribution is slightly over 200,000 km?.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEB20220D8E1F200B5EF467" pageId="69" pageNumber="346" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEB20220D8E1F200B5EF467" blockId="69.[182,1390,1789,3004]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEB20220D8E1F200966F44E" bold="true" box="[185,337,2940,2965]" pageId="69" pageNumber="346">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Borghi & Giannoni (1997), Borghi et al. (1994), Giannoni, Borghi & Laconi (1999, 2001), Gosélbez & Luque-Larena (2002), Krapp (1982d), Louarn & Quéré (2003).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |