196 lines
22 KiB
XML
196 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="79EC2B9E9F31440FA00505E46A48CD71">
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<mods:title id="1474B0687972F3251FCCD79911192326">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C3D1A059302675BE86E0916AB8809D70">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6877C7BF441C0CDC812B963C3E321204">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BD3F5FC7806ADD52CCBBDF316BB2FB60">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="46C05BDB49077A201A5ACE4976FCF05A">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="8C7F71BBF3654D5B9186A2C3786999BC" type="pubDate">2017-11-30</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="83F739A194CCD1C5F496A39B94E0DF07">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="DAC181349C8AF00C5A23F4891E6C8F5C">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="35C8ED2379A1498FA3238C754C076620">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FF8B204108871E700AB5F89E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6706824" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196221265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6706824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FF8B204108871E700AB5F89E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FF8B204108871E700AB5F89E" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204208871E700DDDF581" box="[1456,1514,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204208871E700DDDF581" blockId="37.[1454,2534,2604,2730]" box="[1456,1514,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8B204208871E700DDDF581" box="[1456,1514,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FF8B204208871E700DDDF581" box="[1456,1514,2604,2650]" captionStart="Plate 12: Cricetidae" captionStartId="36.[123,153,3215,3240]" captionTargetBox="[12,2745,14,3647]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="77. Balkan Snow Vole (Dinaromys bogdanouvt), 78. Northern Mole Vole (Ellobius talpinus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708401/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">81.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204208CC1E700FAAF581" box="[1531,1949,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204208CC1E700FAAF581" blockId="37.[1454,2534,2604,2730]" box="[1531,1949,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8B204208CC1E700FAAF581" box="[1531,1949,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B204208CC1E700FAAF581" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1531,1949,2604,2650]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Southern Mole Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B20420AD61E700155F581" box="[2017,2402,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B20420AD61E700155F581" blockId="37.[1454,2534,2604,2730]" box="[2017,2402,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8B20420AD61E700155F581" box="[2017,2402,2604,2650]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8B20420AD61E700155F581" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[2017,2402,2604,2650]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B20420AD61E700155F581" box="[2017,2402,2604,2650]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Ellobius fuscocapillus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204208871E30002DF573" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204208871E3001D3F55A" blockId="37.[1454,2534,2604,2730]" box="[1456,2532,2668,2689]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8B204208871E3001D3F55A" box="[1456,2532,2668,2689]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B204208871E300DCCF55A" bold="true" box="[1456,1531,2668,2689]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B20420B331E300F16F55A" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1540,1825,2668,2689]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Campagnol du Baloutchistan</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B20420A001E300FA5F55A" bold="true" box="[1847,1938,2668,2689]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B20420AAC1E3000BAF55A" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1947,2189,2668,2689]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Stdlicher Mull-Lemming</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B204205951E3000C9F55A" bold="true" box="[2210,2302,2668,2689]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B204204341E3001D3F55A" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[2307,2532,2668,2689]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Topillo topo meridional</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204208981ECF002DF573" blockId="37.[1454,2534,2604,2730]" box="[1455,2074,2707,2728]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FF8B204208981ECF002DF573" box="[1455,2074,2707,2728]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B204208981ECF0E91F573" bold="true" box="[1455,1702,2707,2728]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B20420B991ECF0F57F573" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1710,1888,2707,2728]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Afghan Mole Vole</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFF8B20420A591ECF002DF573" ID-CoL="7TH6D" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1902,2074,2707,2728]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Quetta Mole Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204205241E860065F49E" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204205241E860065F49E" blockId="37.[2067,2661,2778,3201]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B204205241E860099F52C" bold="true" box="[2067,2222,2778,2807]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8B204205FE1E86006FF4C4" ID-CoL="7TH6D" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1843" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Georychus fuscocapillus Blyth, 1843</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FF8B204205461F5A0065F49E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814400" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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Quetta,
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<collectingRegion id="499D12E7FF8B204205DB1F5A01B9F4C4" box="[2284,2446,2822,2847]" country="Pakistan" name="Balochistan" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Baluchistan</collectingRegion>
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Region,
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FF8B204207171F5A007AF49E" name="Pakistan" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204205241F0D0119F44E" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204205241F0D0119F44E" blockId="37.[2067,2661,2778,3201]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8B204205241F0D0112F4B5" authorityName="Blyth" authorityYear="1843" box="[2067,2341,2897,2926]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscocapillus">Ellobius fuscocapillus</taxonomicName>
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is in the subgenus Af ganomys. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B204205241FD201EEF3D0" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF268C8DFF8B204205241FD201EEF3D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760453" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760453" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760453/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" startId="37.[2067,2239,2958,3004]" targetBox="[1452,2043,2784,3197]" targetPageId="37">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B204205241FD201EEF3D0" blockId="37.[2067,2661,2778,3201]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B204205241FD200F4F467" bold="true" box="[2067,2243,2958,3004]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Distribution.</emphasis>
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NE & SE Iran, W, S & E Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, and very marginally in W Pakistan (Balochistan).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8B20410524184D0945FD83" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8B20410524184D0945FD83" blockId="37.[2067,2661,2778,3201]" lastBlockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8B20420524184D013CF3E9" bold="true" box="[2067,2315,3089,3122]" pageId="37" pageNumber="314">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 98-141 mm (males) and 100-145 mm (females), tail 9:-1-19 mm (males) and 9-20 mm (females); weight 34-61 g (males) and 37-101 g (females). Females are slightly larger. The Southern Mole Vole is very similar to the Transcaucasian Mole Vole (FE.
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8B204204D518F20263F314" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1897" box="[2530,2644,3246,3279]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lutescens">lutescens</taxonomicName>
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), but on average,it is larger and lighter. It is the largest species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8B204204741885019EF32D" box="[2371,2473,3289,3318]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ellobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ellobius</taxonomicName>
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. Vestigial ear is 2-3 mm high. Fur is short, soft, and velvety, light yellowish brown to bufty gray on back and light gray on sides and belly. Some individuals are rustier, and others are pale yellow. Behind nasal pad and on forehead, pelage is shorter and decidedly darker, contrasting back and bright buff cheeks. This area is dark brown to blackish brown, lighter in winter and darker in summer. Subadults are lighter. Tail is brown, darker dorsally, and densely covered with hairs. Skull shows modifications for fossorial life. Zygomatic arches are widely expanded, sagittal and lambda crests are present in adult individuals, and incisive foramen is very short. Interparietal bone is missing. Mandible is powerful, with prominent alveolar process. Incisors are white, long, and markedly fossorial. They are exposed in front of the mouth even when lips are closed. Molars are rooted, with simple pattern of broadly confluent dentalfields and without cement in reentrant loops.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D5916020C4BFCC7" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D5916020C4BFCC7" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D59160208EAFDA4" bold="true" box="[110,221,606,639]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open habitats with at least some grassy vegetation, frequently shaded with
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410D5916D50981FD7D" box="[110,438,649,678]" class="Gnetopsida" family="Ephedraceae" genus="Ephedra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ephedrales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ephedra (Ephedraceae)</taxonomicName>
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shrubs and junipers (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410E3B16D50BE5FD7D" box="[780,978,649,678]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cupressaceae</taxonomicName>
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), at elevations of 300-2600 m. The Southern Mole Vole can tolerate gravelly or stony substrate but avoids flooded areas, steep rocky slopes, and moving sands. Valley bottoms and borders of cultivation with deep soil (loess or gravelly-clay) for digging are preferred.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D59177A0BFFFC3A" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D59177A0BFFFC3A" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D59177A0943FC98" bold="true" box="[110,372,806,835]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Southern Mole Vole digs tunnels to obtain plants for feeding. In Balochistan, diet largely consists of pulpy tubers of foxtail lilies (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF882041090417160C87FCB0" box="[1075,1200,842,875]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Eremurus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Eremurus</taxonomicName>
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persicus,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410D591729097EFC49" box="[110,329,885,914]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asphodelaceae</taxonomicName>
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), garlic (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410CE517290A1AFC49" box="[466,557,885,914]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" genus="Allium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Allium</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410F7517290B15FC49" box="[578,802,885,914]" class="Liliopsida" family="Amaryllidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Amaryllidaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and tulip (7
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410ED817290C0BFC49" authorityName="Schreibers" authorityYear="1793" box="[1007,1084,885,914]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" genus="Tulipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tulipa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF882041096517290CE2FC49" box="[1106,1237,885,914]" class="Liliopsida" family="Liliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Liliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but rhizomes of grasses are important in Turkmenistan. Food is cached, and stores are 25-30 g. Feeding on the ground’s surface is very exceptional.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D5817BB0943FB83" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D5817BB0943FB83" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D5817BB08C2FBD3" bold="true" box="[111,245,999,1032]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
In Turkmenistan, reproduction peaks in April-May. Females have 2-3 embryos, although counts up to five have been reported. Litters born in captivity had 1-4 young (mean 2-6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D5A10020B87F983" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D5A10020B87F983" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D5A1002096FFBA4" bold="true" box="[109,344,1118,1151]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Southern Mole Vole is primarily crepuscular and nocturnal. It is fossorial, spending most ofits time underground. During digging, it braces hindlegs against the wall of the tunnel and pushes forward with its blunt muzzle. Proodont incisors act as a drill to loosen soil that is pushed back beneath belly by forefeet. Soil excavated from burrows is pressed to the ground’s surface in mounds. Peak digging activity is April-May. In hard soil, the Southern Mole Vole can dig deep enough to conceal its body in 15-19 minutes. Velvety fur minimizes friction in narrow corridors and enables backward movements with equal effectiveness as forward movements. Tunnels are 4.4-6 cm in diameter. Main tunnels are 15-25 cm deep, and branching feeding tunnels are short and shallow (6-10 cm deep). Nests are constructed at greater depths (35-115 cm), frequently in wet soil. Caches are 20-50 cm deep. Southern Mole Voles regulate temperature and humidity in burrows by plugging and unplugging entrances—activities that occur any time, including during the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FF8820410E4A126B0B9BF983" box="[893,940,1591,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D5812020AFBF97C" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D5812020AFBF97C" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D5812020B09F9A4" bold="true" box="[111,830,1630,1663]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Families of Southern Mole Voles occupy 25-80 m? that are 70-1500 m apart.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4712ED0B49F92D" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4712ED0B49F92D" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D4712ED09E5F915" bold="true" box="[112,466,1713,1742]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Area of occurrence of the Southern Mole Vole is ¢.500,000 km?.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFF8820410D4713580AB5F89E" pageId="38" pageNumber="315" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FF8820410D4713580AB5F89E" blockId="38.[109,1319,290,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FF8820410D471358093EF8C6" bold="true" box="[112,265,1796,1821]" pageId="38" pageNumber="315">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Gharkheloo & Kivang (2003), Marinina (2005a), Niethammer (1970), Roberts (1997), Shenbrot & Krasnov (2005), Yakimenko & Marochkina (2016).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |