229 lines
28 KiB
XML
229 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="C3A255CD6298EABBBF9C2F0067FFD5D3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274299" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2c96ce04-c14f-4f7b-8714-885b380e97b1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274299" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459859419132" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Michelsen, Verner" docDate="2008" docId="03CF87D6FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACAA7F835" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01781p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1781" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pegomya terminalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FFF6FFAEFFE8FFD3FFB4FFE8CF36FFE1" masterDocTitle="The Palaearctic species of the Pegomya terminalis species group (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698225911498" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="08890213C6280AC62E6945A1D4357003">The Palaearctic species of the Pegomya terminalis species group (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C71C7D76CE127D973002294B82EE23DB">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03CF87D6FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACAA7F835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6234209" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119367989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6234209" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87D6FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACAA7F835" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CF87D6FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACAA7F835" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C37C654BFFE9FFD2FF23FDCACD3AFB85" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD936C0FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACD59FDDD" blockId="1.[151,623,546,572]" box="[151,623,546,572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D09181ACFFE9FFD2FF23FDCACD59FDDD" bold="true" box="[151,623,546,572]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FF23FDCACD59FDDD" bold="true" box="[151,623,546,572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FF7BFDCACE89FDDD" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[207,447,546,572]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FF7BFDCACE89FDDD" bold="true" box="[207,447,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pegomya terminalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BD936C0FFE9FFD2FF23FD82CD3AFB85" blockId="1.[151,1437,618,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FF23FD82CE67FD65" author="Griffiths" box="[151,337,618,644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths (1983)</bibRefCitation>
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defined a
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FE79FD82CD8EFD62" box="[461,696,618,643]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FE79FD82CD8EFD62" box="[461,696,618,643]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pegomya terminalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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superspecies in which he identified 5 Nearctic and 1 Holarctic species. The monophyly of this species group was strongly supported by a peculiar elongation of the distal part of the phallus (e.g.,
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<figureCitation id="135D2A45FFE9FFD2FE0BFD52CD21FD35" box="[447,535,698,724]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 21" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[205,1394,319,1909]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,278,1961]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 21. Pegomya terminalis, male. 16, 17. Sternite V, ventral and lateral views. 18, 19. Hypopygium, caudal and lateral views. 20. Pre- and postgonites, lateral view. 21. Phallus and phallapodeme in lateral view, ejaculatory apodeme in oblique ventral view. Same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274304/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
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). However, the
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FD62FD52CCF5FD32" box="[726,963,698,723]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FD62FD52CCF5FD32" box="[726,963,698,723]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pegomya terminalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group as defined in the present paper even includes a species,
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FDB7FD0ACC2BFD1D" authority="Ackland" authorityName="Ackland" box="[515,797,738,764]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FDB7FD0ACD99FD1A" box="[515,687,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. granadensis</emphasis>
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Ackland
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</taxonomicName>
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, without the elongation of the distal phallus (
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<figureCitation id="135D2A45FFE9FFD2FA82FD0ACABBFD1D" box="[1334,1421,738,764]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[152,1363,208,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,208,1988]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Pegomya granadensis, male. 8, 9. Sternite V, ventral and lateral views. 10, 11. Hypopygium, caudal and lateral views. 12. Pre- and postgonites, lateral view. 13. Phallus, lateral view. Same scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274302/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
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). The argument for grouping
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FE69FCE2CDBFFCC2" box="[477,649,778,803]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FE69FCE2CDBFFCC2" box="[477,649,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. granadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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together with
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FC81FCE2CCFFFCC2" box="[821,969,778,803]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FC81FCE2CCFFFCC2" box="[821,969,778,803]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and allied species is the obvious agreement in a number of apomorphic traits in the female abdomen and oviscapt (see
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<figureCitation id="135D2A45FFE9FFD2FBDBFCDACBC9FCAD" box="[1135,1279,818,844]" captionStart="FIGURES 14, 15" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1435,1459]" captionTargetBox="[186,1379,338,1434]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,314,1449]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 14, 15. Pegomya granadensis, female. 14. Oviscapt, flat mounted. 15. Distal part of same." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274303/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Figs. 14, 15</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation id="135D2A45FFE9FFD2FA8AFCDACAB9FCAD" box="[1342,1423,818,844]" captionStart="FIGURES 22, 23" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1903,1927]" captionTargetBox="[185,1391,783,1823]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[156,1430,749,1878]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 22, 23. Pegomya terminalis, female. 22. Oviscapt, flat mounted. 23. Distal part of same." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274305/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">22, 23</figureCitation>
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): length of tergite V tends to exceed combined length of tergites III and IV; fully extended oviscapt with very long “intersegmental” membranes and 1.5–2.0x as long as remaining abdomen, portion distal to segment VI increasingly depressed; segment VI short, but abundantly setose at hind margins of weakly sclerotized tergite and sternite; segments VII and VIII very long, with numerous fine to very reduced setulae at hind margins; epiproct more or less reduced, with 0–3 apical setulae; hypoproct small, with scattered setulae and no cuticular pubescence; cerci depressed, only bearing short setulae and sensilla, towards apex forming a cutting edge (less evident in
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FEFBFBA3CECDFB85" box="[335,507,1099,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FEFBFBA3CECDFB85" box="[335,507,1099,1124]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. granadensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37C654BFFE9FFD2FF72FB9ACB31F865" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD936C0FFE9FFD2FF72FB9ACBA6FA2D" blockId="1.[151,1437,618,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FF48FB9BCEDEFB6D" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[252,488,1139,1164]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FF48FB9BCEDEFB6D" box="[252,488,1139,1164]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pegomya terminalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group is presently known by five species endemic to the Nearctic (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FAD4FB9ACE24FB55" author="Griffiths" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths 1983</bibRefCitation>
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):
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FE92FB73CEBBFB55" box="[294,397,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. g l a b r a</emphasis>
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(Stein, 1920),
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FD8BFB73CD83FB55" box="[575,693,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. d i s t i c h a</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FD74FB72CC46FB55" author="Griffiths" box="[704,880,1178,1204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FCC8FB73CBE2FB55" ID-CoL="92VQY" authority="Griffiths, 1983" authorityName="Griffiths" authorityYear="1983" box="[892,1236,1178,1204]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flaviventris">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FCC8FB73CB2BFB55" box="[892,1053,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. flaviventris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FB90FB72CBE2FB55" author="Griffiths" box="[1060,1236,1178,1204]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FB54FB73CE22FB3D" ID-CoL="92VQL" authority="Griffiths, 1983" authorityName="Griffiths" authorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aldrichi">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB54FB73CA6CFB55" box="[1248,1370,1179,1204]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. aldrichi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FAD5FB72CE22FB3D" author="Griffiths" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FEF8FB2BCD47FB3D" ID-CoL="92VQR" authority="Huckett, 1939" authorityName="Huckett" authorityYear="1939" box="[332,625,1218,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cedrica">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FEF8FB2BCEF7FB3D" box="[332,449,1219,1244]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. cedrica</emphasis>
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Huckett, 1939
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</taxonomicName>
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. A further species recorded from
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<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FC4DFB2ACB67FB3D" box="[1017,1105,1218,1244]" name="Canada" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Canada</collectingCountry>
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as ‘
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FB35FB2BCAA1FB3D" ID-CoL="92VS2" authority="Rondani" authorityName="Rondani" box="[1153,1431,1218,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB35FB2BCA22FB3D" box="[1153,1300,1219,1244]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
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(Rondani)
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</taxonomicName>
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’ by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FF09FB02CE44FAE5" author="Griffiths" box="[189,370,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1983) Anthomyiidae [part]. In: Griffiths, G. C. D. (Ed.), Flies of the Nearctic Region, 8 (2), 2, 161 - 288. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart." type="journal article" year="1983">Griffiths (1983</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FE34FB02CE8AFAE5" author="Griffiths" box="[384,444,1258,1284]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Griffiths, G. C. D. (1997) Anthomyiid flies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) of the Yukon. In: Danks, H. V. & Downes, J. A. (Eds.), Insects of the Yukon. Biological Survey of Canada (Terrestrial Arthropods), Ottawa, pp. 687 - 722." type="book chapter" year="1997">1997</bibRefCitation>
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) appears to be new. From the West Palaearctic subregion are presently known five species, of which four are largely Mediterranean:
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FCB5FAFBCB5DFACD" ID-CoL="92VS2" authority="Rondani, 1866" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1866" box="[769,1131,1298,1324]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
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<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FCB5FAFBCCACFACD" box="[769,922,1299,1324]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FC1AFAFACB55FACD" author="Rondani" box="[942,1123,1298,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Rondani, C. (1866) Anthomyinae Italicae, collectae distinctae et in ordinem dispositae. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali, 9, 68 - 217." type="journal article" year="1866">Rondani, 1866</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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ranging from
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<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FA97FAFACA50FACD" box="[1315,1382,1298,1324]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Spain</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FF23FAD2CE37FAB5" box="[151,257,1338,1364]" name="Morocco" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Morocco</collectingCountry>
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to
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<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FE9BFAD2CE80FAB5" box="[303,438,1338,1364]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FE71FAD3CC05FAB5" ID-CoL="769X7" authority="Ackland, 1977" authorityName="Ackland" authorityYear="1977" box="[453,819,1338,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FE71FAD3CD40FAB5" box="[453,630,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. granadensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FD36FAD2CC05FAB5" author="Ackland" box="[642,819,1338,1364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Ackland, D. M. (1977) Some Anthomyiidae from Southern Spain, with descriptions of two new species (Insecta, Diptera). Steenstrupia, 4, 195 - 209." type="journal article" year="1977">Ackland, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FC37FAD2CCF0FAB5" box="[899,966,1338,1364]" name="Spain" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FBB3FAD2CB42FAB5" box="[1031,1140,1338,1364]" name="Morocco" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Morocco</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB30FAD3CBD3FAB5" box="[1156,1253,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. s k u l e i</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB41FAD2CA61FAB5" bold="true" box="[1269,1367,1338,1364]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FF23FA8ACFDBFA9D" box="[151,237,1378,1404]" name="Greece" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and an undescribed species known by a single female from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FC64FA8ACB15FA9D" box="[976,1059,1378,1404]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
(aff.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FBDCFA8BCA20FA9D" ID-CoL="769X7" box="[1128,1302,1379,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="granadensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FBDCFA8BCA20FA9D" box="[1128,1302,1379,1404]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. granadensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The fifth species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FF48FA63CEA0FA45" ID-CoL="75Y97" box="[252,406,1419,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabroides" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FF48FA63CEA0FA45" box="[252,406,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. glabroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22157A9FFE9FFD2FE14FA62CEC9FA45" box="[416,511,1418,1444]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FE14FA62CEC9FA45" bold="true" box="[416,511,1418,1444]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, has a northern and montane distribution in Europe. Finally, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FAB2FA63CAADFA45" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[1286,1435,1419,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FAB2FA63CAADFA45" box="[1286,1435,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group is represented by an undescribed species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3717650FFE9FFD2FD56FA5ACC4FFA2D" box="[738,889,1458,1484]" name="South Africa" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(D.M. Ackland
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB8EFA5BCBB6FA2D" box="[1082,1152,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">in litt.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936C0FFE9FFD2FF71FA32CB31F865" blockId="1.[151,1437,618,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Very little is known about the biology of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FD51FA33CCE4FA15" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[741,978,1499,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FD51FA33CCE4FA15" box="[741,978,1499,1524]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Pegomya terminalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group except for the brief but significant note by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF74B31FFE9FFD2FECCF9EACD60F9FD" author="Huckett" box="[376,598,1538,1564]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" refString="Huckett, H. C. (1941) A revision of the North American species belonging to the genus Pegomyia (Diptera: Muscidae). Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, 10, 131 pp., 9 pls." type="book" year="1941">Huckett (1941: 61)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that two females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FCF1F9EBCC86F9FD" ID-CoL="92VR6" box="[837,944,1539,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="glabra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FCF1F9EBCC86F9FD" box="[837,944,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. glabra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Washington state had emerged from horsetail (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FEB9F9C3CEBFF9A5" box="[269,393,1579,1604]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FEB9F9C3CEBFF9A5" box="[269,393,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Equisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.). On that background it may be inferred that all members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FB18F9C3CA09F9A5" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[1196,1343,1579,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB18F9C3CA09F9A5" box="[1196,1343,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group have larvae that feed in stems of horsetails. The unusual association with horsetails is supported by the peculiar structure of the oviscapt having sharp-edged cerci in combination with the smooth and slender eggs. Both suggest that the females are capable of inserting their eggs through the tough, siliceous tissues of their host plants. It remains to be discovered whether the larvae live inside the aerial stems or the underground rhizomes. The distribution of the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FD1AF91BCC75F8ED" ID-CoL="92VS2" box="[686,835,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Anthomyiidae" genus="Pegomya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terminalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FD1AF91BCC75F8ED" box="[686,835,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">P. terminalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group in the West Palaearctic subregion is either northern and montane or Mediterranean, which suggests that only a few of the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FA94F8F3CAAAF8D5" box="[1312,1436,1819,1844]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FA94F8F3CAAAF8D5" box="[1312,1436,1819,1844]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Equisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in the subregion are exploited as host plants, such as the southern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FBF8F8ABCA2CF8BD" box="[1100,1306,1859,1884]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ramosissimum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FBF8F8ABCA2CF8BD" box="[1100,1306,1859,1884]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">E. ramosissimum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(branched horsetail) and the boreal and montane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FDECF883CDC8F865" box="[600,766,1899,1924]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variegatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FDECF883CDC8F865" box="[600,766,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">E. variegatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(variegated horsetail).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37C654BFFE9FFD2FF71F87ACAA7F835" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD936C0FFE9FFD2FF71F87ACAA7F835" blockId="1.[151,1437,618,2004]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Few phytophagous insects are specialized feeders on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FC88F87BCC8EF84D" box="[828,952,1939,1964]" class="Equisetopsida" family="Equisetaceae" genus="Equisetum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Equisetales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FC88F87BCC8EF84D" box="[828,952,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Equisetum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, notably the larvae of some sawflies and weevils. Among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FEEAF852CE8FF835" box="[350,441,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such association is known only for three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C664D43FFE9FFD2FB94F853CABBF835" authority="Mik" authorityName="Mik" box="[1056,1421,1978,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Agromyzidae" genus="Liriomyza" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B912EAD2FFE9FFD2FB94F853CBA1F835" box="[1056,1175,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Liriomyza</emphasis>
|
||
Mik (Agromyzidae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |