219 lines
21 KiB
XML
219 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7575308" ID-ZooBank="EBD53535-397E-4894-B0A4-9AC3CC38DF3C" approvalRequired="228" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="8" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="89" approvalRequired_for_treatments="131" checkinTime="1674811458118" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lelej, Arkady S. & Williams, Kevin A." docDate="2023" docId="03CF87A93138B515FF17FDFDF0AE319D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5231.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5231 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ephucilla Lelej 1995" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="FFF6FFD13133B51EFF80FF97F345374A" masterDocTitle="Review of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="101" pageNumber="112" updateTime="1674812169880" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Review of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lelej, Arkady S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-7501-0981</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia. lelej @ biosoil. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7501 - 0981</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lelej@biosoil.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-6073-1070</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food & Agriculture, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832, USA. Kevin. Williams @ cdfa. ca. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6073 - 1070</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">illiams@cdfa.ca.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-01-27</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>5231</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>101</mods:start>
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<mods:end>140</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">7575308</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,444,618,681]" box="[151,444,618,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,444,618,645]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" reason="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,444,618,645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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6.
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<taxonomicName authority="Lelej, 1995" authorityName="Lelej" authorityYear="1995" box="[181,444,618,645]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephucilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[181,300,618,645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ephucilla</emphasis>
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Lelej, 1995
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,350,655,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,444,618,681]" box="[151,350,655,681]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[159,288,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–25" captionStartId="12.[152,270,1822,1846]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,230,1799]" captionTargetId="figure-47@12.[151,1436,230,1799]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 17–25. 17–18. Ephucilla naja (Zavattari, 1913), ♁: 17. Lateral habitus, 18. Head, face view; 19–21. E. thalia (Mickel, 1933), ♀, holotype: 19. Dorsal habitus, 20. Lateral habitus, 21. Labels; 22–23. Ephutomma angustata (Skorikov, 1935), ♁: 22. Lateral habitus, 23. Head, face view; 24–25. E. fletcheri (Turner, 1911), ♀: 24. Dorsal habitus, 25. Lateral habitus. (Photographs by K. Williams, 19–21 from Integrated insect types database of Taiwanese species http://twinsecttype.nmns.edu. tw/specimen/?id=NMNS-SDEI-01389)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7575314" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7575314/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Figs 17–21</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[300,342,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 110–115" captionStartId="33.[152,270,1115,1139]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,181,1091]" captionTargetId="figure-17@33.[151,1436,181,1091]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 110–115. Smicromyrmini, ♀, pygidial plate (T6). 110.Andreimyrme rong Williams in Okayasu et al., 2021, holotype; 111. Dentilla curtiventris (André, 1901); 112. Ephucilla thalia (Mickel, 1933); 113. Ephutomma fletcheri (Turner, 1911); 114. Karunaratnea palatupanae Lelej, 2005, paratype; 115. Nemka viduata (Pallas, 1773). (Photographs by K. Williams andA. Lelej (114))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7575342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7575342/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">112</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1436,723,780]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[151,410,723,747]" page="3" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="1995">
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<taxonomicName authority="Lelej, 1995 b: 3" authorityName="Lelej" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,410,723,747]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephucilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[151,250,723,747]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ephucilla</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[256,410,723,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref26750" refString="Lelej, A. S. (1995 b) To the knowledge of East Asian species of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff, 1920 (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) with description of four new genera and eight new species. Far Eastern Entomologist, 13, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1995">Lelej, 1995b: 3</bibRefCitation>
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(key), 10 (description), ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[688,708,724,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Lelej, A. S. & Brothers, D. J." box="[720,990,723,747]" page="21" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S. & Brothers, D. J." box="[720,990,723,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref27054" refString="Lelej, A. S. & Brothers, D. J. (2008) The genus-group names of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) and their type species, with a new genus, new name, new synonymies, new combinations and lectotypifications. Zootaxa, 1889 (1), 1 - 79. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1889.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Lelej & Brothers 2008: 21</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Brothers, D. J. & Lelej, A. S." box="[1001,1270,723,747]" page="95" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation author="Brothers, D. J. & Lelej, A. S." box="[1001,1270,723,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 97" refId="ref25501" refString="Brothers, D. J. & Lelej, A. S. (2017) Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 60, 1 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 60.20091" type="journal article" year="2017">Brothers & Lelej 2017: 95</bibRefCitation>
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, ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[1312,1332,724,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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;
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<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5923563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5923563" author="Williams, K. A. & Lelej, A. S. & Okayasu, J. & Borkent, C. J. & Malee, R. & Thoawan, K. & Thaochan, N." httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DCF504FFE5986FFF392FFA4872C7FE" page="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2019">
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<bibRefCitation author="Williams, K. A. & Lelej, A. S. & Okayasu, J. & Borkent, C. J. & Malee, R. & Thoawan, K. & Thaochan, N." pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 69" refId="ref30512" refString="Williams, K. A., Lelej, A. S., Okayasu, J., Borkent, C. J., Malee, R., Thoawan, K. & Thaochan, N. (2019) The female velvet ants (aka modkhong) of southern Thailand (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae), with a key to the genera of southeast Asia. Zootaxa, 4602 (1), 1 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4602.1.1" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Williams
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<emphasis box="[199,250,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
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2019: 17
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,
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Pagliano, G. & Brothers, D. J. & Cambra, R. & Lelej, A. S. & Lo Cascio, P. & Matteini Palmerini, M. & Scaramozzino, P. L. & Williams, K. A. & Romano, M." box="[391,648,754,778]" page="171" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2020">
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<bibRefCitation author="Pagliano, G. & Brothers, D. J. & Cambra, R. & Lelej, A. S. & Lo Cascio, P. & Matteini Palmerini, M. & Scaramozzino, P. L. & Williams, K. A. & Romano, M." box="[391,648,754,778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="5 - 425" refId="ref28648" refString="Pagliano, G., Brothers, D. J., Cambra, R., Lelej, A. S., Lo Cascio, P., Matteini Palmerini, M., Scaramozzino, P. L., Williams, K. A. & Romano, M. (2020 [" 2018 "]) Checklist of names in Mutillidae (Hymenoptera), with illustrations of selected species. Bollettino del Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torin o, 36 (1 - 2), 5 - 425." type="journal article" year="2020">
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Pagliano
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<emphasis box="[486,537,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
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2020: 171
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Okayasu, J." box="[658,845,754,778]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B86CED3ED179FFA6FF386D6DFA03FED6" page="62" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" year="2020">
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<bibRefCitation author="Okayasu, J." box="[658,845,754,778]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref28283" refString="Okayasu, J. (2020) Velvet ants of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Japan. Zootaxa, 4723 (1), 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4723.1.1" type="journal article" year="2020">Okayasu 2020: 62</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[887,907,754,777]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,903,824,851]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,824,1751]" box="[151,903,824,851]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,299,824,850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<typeStatus box="[151,210,824,850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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||
.
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<taxonomicName authority="Zavattari, 1913" authorityName="Zavattari" authorityYear="1913" box="[313,631,824,850]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naja">
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<emphasis box="[313,453,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Mutilla naja</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Zavattari, E." box="[459,631,824,850]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="19 - 42" refId="ref30605" refString="Zavattari, E. (1913) H. Sauter's Formosa-Ausbeute. Mutillidae (Hym.). Archiv f ¸ r Naturgeschichte, Series A, 79 (3), 19 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7709" type="journal article" year="1913">Zavattari, 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,824,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,314,860,886]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. MALE. Head robust, elevated posterad (rounded posterad in
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<emphasis box="[1061,1139,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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group), frons and vertex longitudinally striate (vertex densely punctate in
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<emphasis box="[710,788,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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group). Mandible tridentate (bidentate in
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<emphasis box="[1268,1346,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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group), deeply excised beneath with large ventral subbasal tooth (dorsal margin basomedially highly crooked in
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<emphasis box="[1358,1436,932,958]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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group). Clypeus convex (concave in
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<emphasis box="[574,652,968,994]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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group) anteriorly with protruding midpart. POD 1.5–2.6 × posterior ocellus diameter. Scape distinctly bicarinate beneath. F1 equal to (in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zavattari" authorityYear="1913" box="[939,989,1005,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naja">
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<emphasis box="[939,989,1005,1030]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">naja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group) or 1.25 × (in
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<emphasis box="[1234,1312,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis box="[1369,1436,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">drupa</emphasis>
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groups) its maximal width. Tegula slightly protruding beyond scuto-scutellar suture. Mesopleuron beneath with distinct, oblique, precoxal ridges. Metacoxa mesally carinate. Wing hyaline or infuscated, stigmatic cell 0.5–0.6 × distance between base of stigmatic cell and origin of
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<emphasis box="[747,778,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">RS</emphasis>
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on vein
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<emphasis box="[875,901,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Sc</emphasis>
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. Metasoma black or with bluish, metallic lustre (in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Zavattari" authorityYear="1913" box="[189,239,1149,1174]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naja">
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<emphasis box="[189,239,1149,1174]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">naja</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<emphasis box="[294,372,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">undata</emphasis>
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groups) or some basal segments red (in
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<emphasis box="[826,893,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">drupa</emphasis>
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group). T1 with distinct dorsum, T2 with lateral felt lines, S2 with strong median basal carina and without any trace of felt lines. T7 usually with longitudinal median impunctate area, widened posterad, S8 simple, without any tubercles or carinae. Genital volsella not widened basally, setae on inner and ventral margin shorter than cuspis length. FEMALE. Genal carina weakly developed; hypostomal tooth absent or angulate to dentiform; clypeus with subapical transverse lamellate carina and basomedial longitudinal tubercle; prementum without dome-like tubercle. Mandible slender. Pronotum without projecting humeral angle; scutellar scale weakly developed. Protarsus without external comb of long spines. T1 without pale setal spots; T2 with apical narrow band of pale setae, slightly widened medially; T3 with wide uniform band of pale setae; T6 lacking distinct flattened pygidium, glabrous, elongate, unsculptured and polished throughout; lateral margins of pygidial plate very weakly carinate apically.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,824,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,507,1508,1534]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Diversity and distribution</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation location="eastern Palaearctic" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Shamal ash Sharqiyah">
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Sixteen
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<collectingRegion box="[609,701,1508,1534]" country="Oman" name="Shamal ash Sharqiyah" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Oriental</collectingRegion>
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species (three also occur in the
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CF87A93138B515FF17FDFDF0AE319D:8EB960643138B515FB9AFA72F7A832B4" box="[1050,1261,1508,1535]" name="eastern Palaearctic" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" stateProvince="Shamal ash Sharqiyah">eastern Palaearctic</location>
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) are recognized in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lelej" authorityYear="1995" box="[183,292,1544,1570]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephucilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[183,292,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Ephucilla</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Three are known from both sexes, nine are known from the male sex only and four are based on females only
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="112" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="11.[151,1437,824,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,308,1616,1642]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. This genus is easily confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lelej, 1995" authorityName="Lelej" authorityYear="1995" box="[734,973,1616,1643]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sinotilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[734,829,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Sinotilla</emphasis>
|
||
Lelej, 1995
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, because the lateral pygidial carinae are easily overlooked. In fact, two of the species were initially placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Lelej 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Lelej" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[913,1155,1652,1679]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sinotilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[913,1008,1652,1678]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Sinotilla</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[1021,1148,1652,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" refId="ref26959" refString="Lelej, A. S. (2005) Catalogue of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of the Oriental Region. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 252 pp." type="book" year="2005">Lelej 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Structurally, females are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lelej, 1993" authorityName="Lelej" authorityYear="1993" box="[265,507,1688,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Indratilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[265,372,1688,1714]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Indratilla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lelej, A. S." box="[379,507,1688,1714]" pageId="11" pageNumber="112" pagination="233 - 236" refId="ref26666" refString="Lelej, A. S. (1993) A new genus of velvet ants from Sri Lanka (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Mutillidae). Spixiana, 16 (3), 233 - 236." type="journal article" year="1993">Lelej, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[575,688,1688,1714]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="11" pageNumber="112">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but that genus always has T1 and T2 each with two apical whitish setal spots. There are no available keys to separate the species of this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |