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<document id="0510BCE806A2FA7E0B90873BB4E4F3F3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181066" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7e340a0c-b13c-43f7-b8df-e0c7a589094c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181066" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459826386589" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hooge, Matthew D. &amp; Tyler, Seth" docDate="2008" docId="0390C135C5159667A5A4FD44FEF272EA" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01719p040.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1719" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Kuma blacki Hooge &amp; Tyler, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFA9B94DC5189668A533FF91FFB87058" masterDocTitle="Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1698222319859" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="18A46882F852A70DFAA45FE99A434419">Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D90ED6BAE4260D6664CCBA18ED942536">Hooge, Matthew D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="312CF351EC44975891A398A83718ACA6">Tyler, Seth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1014A50325F7FD5919626AD3FE8DA1FC">2008</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0390C135C5159667A5A4FD44FEF272EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231373" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119356800" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231373" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390C135C5159667A5A4FD44FEF272EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0390C135C5159667A5A4FD44FEF272EA" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5159665A5A4FD44FE8C734A" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5159665A5A4FD44FE2D72B7" blockId="13.[151,405,725,786]" box="[151,405,725,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0CEC74FC5159665A5A4FD44FE2D72B7" bold="true" box="[151,405,725,751]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5159665A5A4FD44FE2D72B7" bold="true" box="[151,405,725,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5159665A5A4FD44FE8972B7" box="[151,305,725,751]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="blacki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5159665A5A4FD44FE8972B7" bold="true" box="[151,305,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kuma blacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC5159665A40BFD44FE2D72B7" box="[312,405,725,751]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5159665A5A4FD69FE8C734A" blockId="13.[151,405,725,786]" box="[151,308,760,786]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
(
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5159665A5ACFD69FEB8734A" box="[159,256,760,786]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5159665A43FFD69FE92734A" box="[268,298,760,786]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1970,1994]" captionTargetBox="[264,1323,869,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[264,1323,869,1946]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 12. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; frontal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181078/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4620ABC5159665A5A4F831FD9D7782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" targetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5159665A5A4F831FD9D7782" blockId="13.[151,1436,1952,2010]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5159665A5A4F831FE9C77E0" bold="true" box="[151,292,1952,1976]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5159665A419F830FE0977E0" box="[298,433,1953,1976]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="blacki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5159665A419F830FE0977E0" box="[298,433,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kuma blacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5159665A484F831FDB477E0" bold="true" box="[439,524,1952,1976]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC5159665A484F831FDB477E0" box="[439,524,1952,1976]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5169666A5A4FF06FF60712C" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5A4FF06FDF4708F" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5A4FF06FEF170E9" bold="true" box="[151,329,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5169666A5A4FF06FF6C70E9" box="[151,212,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
Material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5169666A46DFF09FE7770EA" box="[350,463,152,178]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="ED28E8E6C5169666A4E9FF09FD9770EA" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[474,559,152,178]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">USNM</collectionCode>
1096768, one set of 2-µm-thick serial frontal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FF73FDD5717C" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5F5FF73FEC870A4" bold="true" box="[198,368,226,252]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="5482CE81C5169666A5F5FF73FEBC70A4" box="[198,260,226,252]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
Locality
</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F32E30B3C5169666A4B3FF73FE1270A4" box="[384,426,226,252]" name="Iceland" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Isla</collectingCountry>
Bastimentos (
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D16E4C5169666A767FF73FD5270A4" box="[596,746,226,252]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="9.3483">9°20.898 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE0D16E4C5169666A7C4FF73FC2C70A4" box="[759,916,226,252]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" precision="1" value="-82.165985">82°9.959 W</geoCoordinate>
), from subtidal, clean, coarse-grained, wellsorted sand surrounded by
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A4E0FE9BFDDE717B" box="[467,614,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5169666A4E0FE9BFDFD717B" box="[467,581,266,291]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thalassia</taxonomicName>
sp
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FEA3FF60712C" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5F5FEA3FDB37114" bold="true" box="[198,523,306,332]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Other Material Examined</emphasis>
. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; two sets of 2-µm-thick serial sections.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5169666A5F5FE13FBC7719C" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FE13FBC7719C" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5F5FE13FEF371C4" bold="true" box="[198,331,386,412]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Etymology</emphasis>
. Species name honors Prof. Steven D. Black of Reed College, Portland, Oregon, who generously provided lab space and equipment to M.D.H. for the completion of this project.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5169667A5F5FE43FF617122" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FE43FAE5723C" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5F5FE43FEEF71B4" bold="true" box="[198,343,466,492]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Description</emphasis>
. Mature specimens ~720 µm long and ~120 µm wide (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5169666A110FE43FB3F71B4" box="[1059,1159,466,492]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
A, 12A). Anterior end rounded; posterior end blunt. Epidermis without obvious coloration, but digestive syncytium with orange coloration in transmitted light. Epidermis completely ciliated. Few scattered rhabdoids present in body wall. Frontal organ well developed (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5169666A4CDFDDBFDE5723C" box="[510,605,586,612]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
B, 12A). Mouth opening on ventral surface, anterior half of body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FDE3FC257284" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Ovaries paired, ventral; extend from mouth posteriorly to middle of body. Testes paired, lateral to ovary, compact; extend posteriorly from middle of body. Immediately behind ovary, testes fuse to form single mass that extends posteriorly to seminal vesicle (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5169666A7A0FD53FD497284" box="[659,753,706,732]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
A, C, 12A, B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5F5FD7BFC93735C" blockId="14.[151,1436,151,772]" box="[198,811,746,772]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female gonopore, vagina, and seminal bursa absent.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4620ABC5169666A5A4F823FF6277B4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181078/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" targetBox="[264,1323,869,1938]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5169666A5A4F823FF6277B4" blockId="14.[151,1436,1970,2028]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A5A4F823FE907792" bold="true" box="[151,296,1970,1994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5169666A403F823FE017791" box="[304,441,1970,1993]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="blacki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A403F823FE017791" box="[304,441,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Kuma blacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5169666A4F2F823FDAF7792" bold="true" box="[449,535,1970,1994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27E114AC5169666A4F2F823FDAF7792" box="[449,535,1970,1994]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
; frontal histological sections of holotype. A. Whole animal. B, C. Male copulatory organ.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5179667A5F5FF09FF617122" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5179667A627FF09FCCC70EA" box="[788,884,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
B, D, 12B). Gonopore opens to ciliated antrum with muscular wall (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5179667A4A6FF51FE4F7082" box="[405,503,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
D, 12B, C). Antrum wall appears to have a few gland cells that empty into antrum. Proximal end of antrum ringed by a rosette of erythrophilic gland cells that appear granular in living specimens (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5179667A412FE81FEC77172" box="[289,383,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
D, 12C). Elongated seminal vesicle positioned proximally to antrum and gland cells; seminal vesicle wall lined with tissue but not muscle. Sperm within seminal vesicle aligned in parallel (
<figureCitation id="13026CA6C5179667A012FEA9FAC7710A" box="[1313,1407,312,338]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="13.[151,255,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[274,1257,836,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[264,1257,836,1925]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 11. Kuma blacki sp. nov.; photomicrographs of living specimens. A. Whole specimen. B. Anterior end. C. Posterior end. D. Male copulatory organ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181077/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
D, 12C).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32323A8C5179667A5F5FE16FEF272EA" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B867023C5179667A5F5FE16FBFA7242" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5179667A5F5FE16FE8071F9" bold="true" box="[198,312,391,417]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
. Species in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5179667A774FE19FD3571F9" box="[583,653,392,417]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5179667A774FE19FD3571F9" box="[583,653,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kuma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are distinguished from those in
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5179667A120FE19FB0A71F9" box="[1043,1202,392,417]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Haploposthia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5179667A120FE19FB0A71F9" box="[1043,1202,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Haploposthia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having separate rather than combined germinal centers for sperm and eggs.
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5179667A679FE21FC667191" box="[842,990,432,457]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="blacki">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5179667A679FE21FC667191" box="[842,990,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kuma blacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stands apart from the other six known species in the genus in having paired testes that fuse together to form a single mass in the posterior half of the body, and in having an elongated seminal vesicle with sperm aligned in parallel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B867023C5179667A5F5FDB9FEF272EA" blockId="15.[151,1437,152,690]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
The male antrum of
<taxonomicName id="4C390BA0C5179667A48BFDB9FDF77219" box="[440,591,552,577]" class="Acoelomorpha" family="Haploposthiidae" genus="Kuma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Acoela" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Xenacoelomorpha" rank="species" species="blacki">
<emphasis id="B94DAC31C5179667A48BFDB9FDF77219" box="[440,591,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Kuma blacki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently capable of considerable contraction in its length. The live specimens we examined had only a very short antrum—almost nothing more than an indentation in the epidermis. However, in the histological sections of three specimens we examined, the antrum length was approximately 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>