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<document id="70C91054314A9F412BE4F6FA51DD83C3" ID-DOI="10.1590/S0031-10492012000500001" ID-ISSN="1807-0205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13174956" IM.bibliography_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1720046322066" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Clarke, Robin O. S." docDate="2012" docId="0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209" docLanguage="en" docName="PapAvZool.52.5.55-79.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 52 (5)" docSource="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0031-10492012000500001&amp;lng=en&amp;tlng=en" docStyle="DocumentStyle:342E0B2A517D47F211C16A9F07059896.3:PapAvZool.2002-2013.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="342E0B2A517D47F211C16A9F07059896" docStyleName="PapAvZool.2002-2013.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Aechmutes subandinus Clarke, 2012, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="F258FF8F1A116A64FF9BFFC6FFA01319" masterDocTitle="Bolivian Rhinotragini V: New Species Of Erythroplatys White, 1855, Rhinotragus Germar, 1824, Ornistomus Thomson, 1864, And Aechmutes Bates, 1867 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="55" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1722622537529" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C6D4E0DEB5598A627C8DBB275A36C817">Bolivian Rhinotragini V: New Species Of Erythroplatys White, 1855, Rhinotragus Germar, 1824, Ornistomus Thomson, 1864, And Aechmutes Bates, 1867 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="606E2A3E93091AD8F6BBE89235DDA2D1">Clarke, Robin O. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6FBD9EB2E35FE23CD98DB8DB6EE20E80">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="06F8090B12E990B4DDF609D958EDCE85">Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D193731EBA524F78E89D478B206FA6CC">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="006431DE60CFC5290469FFEF668DB590">2012-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F918186F43317174C271679EEC3B4500">52</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="07873282A73634D160DF0DA214D05A2F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="246E3AB34B009B0B96A0DD0FE14DC90A" type="DOI">10.1590/S0031-10492012000500001</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E900B06A06CE6E7B2DD48974687F65D8" type="ISSN">1807-0205</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12665741" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12665741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<subSubSection id="CED2656A1A026A77FF51F991FDB71569" box="[202,535,1623,1648]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FF51F991FDB71569" blockId="19.[202,535,1623,1680]" box="[202,535,1623,1648]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<heading id="DD3F818D1A026A77FF51F991FDB71569" bold="true" box="[202,535,1623,1648]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FF51F991FDB71569" bold="true" box="[202,535,1623,1648]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FF51F991FE1F1576" ID-CoL="64V6N" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[202,447,1623,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FF51F991FE1F1576" bold="true" box="[202,447,1623,1647]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">Aechmutes subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8F57881A026A77FE5EF99EFDB71569" box="[453,535,1624,1648]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CED2656A1A026A73FEB4F9BEFF611209" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FEB4F9BEFE131589" blockId="19.[202,535,1623,1680]" box="[303,435,1656,1680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<figureCitation id="1EF32A641A026A77FEB4F9BEFE131589" box="[303,435,1656,1680]" captionStart="FIGURES 5‑7" captionStartId="20.[132,222,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[134,1261,340,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-49@20.[132,1266,334,1789]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 5‑7: 5, Ornistomus simulatrix sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype. 6, Aechmutes boliviensis sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype. 7, Aechmutes subandinus sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13174962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13174962/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FEB4F9BEFE131589" bold="true" box="[303,435,1656,1680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">Figs. 7A, 7B</emphasis>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FFC5F97EFDFB15D6" blockId="19.[94,603,1720,1744]" box="[94,603,1720,1744]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<materialsCitation id="36A03CBC1A026A77FFC5F97EFDFB15D6" box="[94,603,1720,1744]" collectionCode="MNKM" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FFC5F97EFF5115C9" box="[94,241,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<typeStatus id="597388431A026A77FFC5F97EFF1515C9" box="[94,181,1720,1744]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male:
</emphasis>
<quantity id="41309B041A026A77FF63F97EFEC815D6" box="[248,360,1720,1744]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.115" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" unit="mm" value="11.15">11.15 mm</quantity>
. Deposited at
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A026A77FE67F97EFDF715D6" box="[508,599,1720,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">MNKM</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FFC5F93FFC831289" blockId="19.[94,642,1784,1872]" lastBlockId="19.[680,1229,184,1104]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FFC5F93FFE0F1409" box="[94,431,1784,1808]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
Diagnosis:
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FF55F93EFE0F1409" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[206,431,1784,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">Aechmutes subandinus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is readily separated from
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FF02F8DEFED31429" box="[153,371,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FF02F8DEFECF1429" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[153,367,1816,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis">Aechmutes boliviensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
by the single, black fascia occupying midline of pronotum (in
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FE42F8FEFDFA1449" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[473,602,1848,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FE42F8FEFDFA1449" box="[473,602,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. boliviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the pronotum has three black fasciae, one situated at the base of the midline, the other pair laterally placed). Structural differences between the two species are small; but, as described in the text, the slightly wider interocular space, narrow base of the fourth antennomere, and more cylindrical abdomen will separate the two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FD7AFE5EFCCC1009" blockId="19.[680,1229,184,1104]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD7AFE5EFC6212A9" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[737,962,408,432]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD7AFE5EFC6212A9" box="[737,962,408,432]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">Aechmutes subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is separated from
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FB09FE5EFD4312C9" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FB09FE5EFD4312C9" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the following differences of colour distribution: lateral margins of black fascia on pronotum subparallel, the apical margin not much wider than basal margin (in
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FCC6FDDEFC6A1129" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[861,970,536,560]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FCC6FDDEFC6A1129" box="[861,970,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
this fascia is wine glassshaped: narrow at base, and strongly widened towards apex); distance between central and apical black fasciae of elytra greater than width of apical fascia (in
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD33FD5EFCB611A9" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[680,790,664,688]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD33FD5EFCB611A9" box="[680,790,664,688]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the distance between these fasciae is distinctly less than width of apical fascia); and in females of
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD5EFD1EFCF111E9" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[709,849,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD5EFD1EFCF111E9" box="[709,849,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the central black fascia is absent (in
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD33FD3EFCB61009" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[680,790,760,784]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD33FD3EFCB61009" box="[680,790,760,784]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not so).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FD7AFCDEFCF01749" blockId="19.[680,1229,184,1104]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD7AFCDEFC601029" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[737,960,792,816]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD7AFCDEFC601029" box="[737,960,792,816]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">Aechmutes subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is readily separated from
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD33FCFEFC7E1049" authority="Bates, 1867" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1867" box="[680,990,824,848]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lycoides">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD33FCFEFCFE1049" box="[680,862,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">Aechmutes lycoides</emphasis>
Bates, 1867
</taxonomicName>
by the following: midline of pronotum occupied by broad, black fascia (
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FD2AFCBEFCB61089" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1867" box="[689,790,888,912]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lycoides">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD2AFCBEFCB61089" box="[689,790,888,912]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. lycoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has paired fasciae at sides of pronotum); metafemoral clave almost entirely black, including apex (in
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FC9EFC7EFCCB10C9" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1867" box="[773,875,952,976]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lycoides">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FC9EFC7EFCCB10C9" box="[773,875,952,976]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. lycoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the clave is yellow at apex); male abdomen slightly tapering from base to apex (in the only specimen of
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A026A77FCC7FC3EFC611709" authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1867" box="[860,961,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lycoides">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FCC7FC3EFC611709" box="[860,961,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">A. lycoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A026A77FB92FC3EFBC21709" box="[1033,1122,1016,1040]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">MZUSP</collectionCode>
collection the abdomen is strongly constricted between urosternites
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A026A77FD44FBFEFD511756" box="[735,753,1080,1103]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">II</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A026A77FCBEFBFEFCE31749" box="[805,835,1080,1104]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">III</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A026A77FD33FBBFFBEC1449" blockId="19.[680,1229,1144,1872]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A026A77FD33FBBFFC2D1789" box="[680,909,1144,1168]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">
Description of
<typeStatus id="597388431A026A77FCACFBBEFC281789" box="[823,904,1144,1168]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
colour opaque; dull; black and yellow. Head yellow, the following black: apex of mandible; palpomeres; vertex with pair of parallel fasciae behind antennal tubercles; rectangular fasciae on each side of neck; and antennae (segments
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A026A77FBA8FB3EFB231616" box="[1075,1155,1272,1295]" pageId="19" pageNumber="74">VIII-XI</collectionCode>
yellow at base). Prothorax yellow, the following black: on pronotum broad fascia, narrowing from apex to base, occupying all of midline; and to each side of prothorax, running from front to hind margin, a broad fascia shared by sides of pronotum and sides of prosternum. Mesothorax black (including scutellum), the following yellow: mesosternal process; and, adjacent to base of latter, at centre of mesosternum, narrow, rectangular fascia. Elytra yellow; on each elytron the following black: long, lobate fascia, running from base of scutellum towards middle of elytron, situated between humero-apical costa and suture; strongly scalloped fascia occupying apical quarter of elytron. Metathorax almost entirely black; only metasternal process yellow. Abdomen black; except centre of urosternite I with yellow quadrate fascia. Legs black, the following yellow: coxae; most of sides and underside of profemora; and apical half of metafemoral peduncle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A056A71FF1FFF7EFEDD1049" blockId="20.[132,681,184,272]" lastBlockId="21.[94,643,184,848]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FF1FFF7EFEE413C9" box="[132,324,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">General pubescence:</emphasis>
dorsad almost glabrous. Sides and basal depression of pronotum with short, dense, recumbent, golden coloured pubescence. Similar (but pale yellow pubescence) on underside; most noticeable on centre of prosternum, base and midline of metasternum, and latero-posterior margins of urosternites I-IV.
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A046A71FFC5FF7EFEE513C9" box="[94,325,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Surface ornamentation:</emphasis>
dorsad almost entirely covered by contiguous, alveolate punctures; smaller and more uniform on head and pronotum; larger, and semi-alveolate (and somewhat asperate) on elytra (except pre-apical yellow fascia with small, non-alveolate punctures). Mentum-submentum with large punctures anteriorly, posteriorly almost impunctate; the surface transversely carinate.
<collectingRegion id="440CF8031A046A71FE0CFE5EFE7D12A9" box="[407,477,408,432]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Centre</collectingRegion>
of prosternum strongly shagreened, with large, well-defined, rectangular patch of dense punctures (the latter small and semi-alveolate). Mesosternum reticulate and densely covered by very small, setiferous punctures; mixed with larger punctures towards sides and on mesepimera. Midline of metasternum densely and finely punctured; followed by smooth area with large, separated punctures; these becoming confluent and alveolate towards sides, and on metepisternum. Abdomen very shining, with reduced reticulation; punctures at centre of urosternite I similar to those of metasternum; small, shallow and sparse at centre of II-V, denser, and somewhat bevelled laterally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="D2B766691A056A70FF1FF8E4FCC31456" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13174962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13174962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13174962/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" startId="20.[132,222,1826,1845]" targetBox="[134,1261,340,1779]" targetPageId="20" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="867736E11A056A70FF1FF8E4FCC31456" blockId="20.[132,1267,1826,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FF1FF8E4FEBE142C" bold="true" box="[132,286,1826,1845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">FIGURES 5‑7: 5,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A056A70FEB8F8E5FE76142C" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[291,470,1826,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Ornistomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simulatrix" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FEB8F8E5FE76142C" box="[291,470,1826,1846]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Ornistomus simulatrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8F57881A056A70FE40F8E5FDBD142F" box="[475,541,1827,1846]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: A male holotype, B female paratype.
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FCCCF8E4FCC8142C" bold="true" box="[855,872,1826,1845]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">6,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A056A70FCF6F8E4FBB6142C" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[877,1046,1826,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boliviensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FCF6F8E4FBB6142C" box="[877,1046,1826,1845]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Aechmutes boliviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8F57881A056A70FB87F8E5FBFE142F" box="[1052,1118,1827,1846]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: A male holotype, B female paratype. 7,
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A056A70FEA3F8FAFE491456" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[312,489,1852,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A056A70FEA3F8FAFE491456" box="[312,489,1852,1871]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Aechmutes subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF8F57881A056A70FE75F8FAFD901456" box="[494,560,1852,1871]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: A male holotype, B female paratype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="867736E11A046A72FFC5FCBEFE7C17A9" blockId="21.[94,643,888,1872]" lastBlockId="22.[132,681,184,1200]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A046A71FFC5FCBEFF1E1096" box="[94,190,888,911]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Structure:</emphasis>
length of forebody and abdomen (5.00 mm) subequal. Head with eyes (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FEE6FC5EFE7E10A9" box="[381,478,920,944]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.45">1.45 mm</quantity>
) distinctly narrower than pronotum. Rostrum moderately wide (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FFFDFC1EFF6710E9" box="[102,199,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
) and long (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FEA5FC1EFE0110E9" box="[318,417,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
); sides parallel; slightly shorter than length of inferior lobes (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FD88FC3EFDD71709" box="[531,631,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
). Labrum wide,
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A046A71FF6CFBDFFEB31729" box="[247,275,1049,1072]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">ca.</emphasis>
twice as wide as long; front margin slightly excavate; sides rounded and explanate; one large setiferous puncture to each side, two groups of 4-5 smaller ones between them. Apex of clypeus slightly narrower than apex of labrum; separated from frons by shallow declivity. Adjacent surface of frons irregular (with depressed and prominent areas). Eyes large and convex; distal margin of inferior lobe lying on gena, proximal margin moderately oblique. Inferior lobes of eyes moderately close; width of one lobe 3.82 times interocular space (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FE59FA9EFD851669" box="[450,549,1368,1392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
); the latter almost planar, prominent at sides, with relatively deep, V-shaped depression (wide enough to accommodate two rows of punctures to either side of narrow frontal suture). Width of one superior lobe of eye about half interocular space (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FE5AFA3EFD851509" box="[449,549,1528,1552]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
). Antennal tubercles with rounded, slightly prominent apices; the distance between them slightly wider than maximum width of scape (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FE05F99EFDA31569" box="[414,515,1624,1648]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
). Antennae short, just reaching apex of urosternite I; basal segments moderately robust, apical ones distinctly less so. Underside of antennal segments I-VI densely setose; antennomeres III-VII incrementally wider;
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FFC5F93EFFD01416" box="[94,112,1784,1807]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
serrate;
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FF49F93EFF4D1416" box="[210,237,1784,1807]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">VI</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FEB0F93EFEEF1416" box="[299,335,1784,1807]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">VII</collectionCode>
moderately strongly serrate;
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FFC5F8DEFF051436" box="[94,165,1816,1839]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">VIII-X</collectionCode>
incrementally narrower and less serrate; XI not serrate, slightly longer than X, with relatively short apical cone. Scape strongly pyriform (viewed laterally), moderately long (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC48FF1EFB9713E9" box="[979,1079,216,240]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
), and densely punctured (these confluent, large and deep). Pedicel short (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FD74FEDEFCF11229" box="[751,849,280,304]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
) with rounded sides. Antennomere
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FD33FEFEFD631256" box="[680,707,312,335]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">III</collectionCode>
cylindrical, short, but slightly longer (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FBF8FEFEFB651249" box="[1123,1221,312,336]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.80 mm</quantity>
) than scape and
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FCC5FE9EFCD91276" box="[862,889,344,367]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">IV</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC14FE9EFC521269" box="[911,1010,344,368]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
);
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FB97FE9EFBBE1276" box="[1036,1054,344,367]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FBAFFE9EFB371269" box="[1076,1175,344,368]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
);
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FB2AFE9EFB6C1276" box="[1201,1228,344,367]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">VI</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FD2BFEBEFCB31289" box="[688,787,376,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.70 mm</quantity>
);
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A046A71FCABFEBEFCF41296" box="[816,852,376,399]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">VII</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FCF7FEBEFC701289" box="[876,976,376,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
); VIII (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FBAAFEBEFB351289" box="[1073,1173,376,400]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
); IX (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FD2BFE5EFCB312A9" box="[688,787,408,432]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
); X (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FCD1FE5EFC0E12A9" box="[842,942,408,432]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
); XI (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC75FE5EFBF212A9" box="[1006,1106,408,432]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
). Prothorax subtrapezoidal; slightly longer than wide (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FBC6FE7EFB6012C9" box="[1117,1216,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.80 mm</quantity>
), widest well behind middle (at this point sides slightly rounded to front margin, straighter and subparallel to basal margin); apical margin (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC67FDDEFBFE1129" box="[1020,1118,536,560]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.20 mm</quantity>
) distinctly narrower than basal margin (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC7EFDFEFBEA1149" box="[997,1098,568,592]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.70 mm</quantity>
). Surface of pronotum weakly convex, slightly irregular, on basal third, with one, rather weak, but large callus to either side of midline; apical and basal constrictions weak; but the latter deep and narrow, and furnished with large fovea towards each side; basal angles square. Prosternum depressed across apical fifth, moderately inclined to prosternal process; base of latter
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A046A71FBE9FCDFFB2E1029" box="[1138,1166,793,816]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">ca.</emphasis>
seven times narrower (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FCC0FCFEFC1D1049" box="[859,957,824,848]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
) than width of procoxal cavity; apex inclined upwards, large, trapezoidal, with weak, slightly raised borders. Procoxal cavities closed at sides and behind; procoxae slightly more prominent than mesocoxae. Mesosternal declivity deep and abrupt. Mesosternal process with broad, raised sides; moderately wide (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FCFBFC3EFC641709" box="[864,964,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.30 mm</quantity>
), about half width of mesocoxal cavity; apex bilobed (the lobes separated by relatively small notch). Mesocoxal cavity narrowly open to mesepimeron; the latter not broad, but distinctly narrowed towards middle. Scutellum small, elongate, subrectangular; narrowly depressed at midline. Elytra hiding meso- and metasterna; for basal half moderately narrowed and subparallel (flattened between humero-apical costae and suture, only moderately steeply inclined to sides); towards apex moderately flared (slightly depressed between humero-apical costae and suture, weakly inclined to sides). Humero-apical costae elevated for middle half, absent from apical fifth. Border of epipleura, narrow, from above visible from mid-humerus to apex. Elytra 3.4 longer than width of humeri (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FC08FA1EFC5716E9" box="[915,1015,1496,1520]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
); spatula-shaped; suture not completely straight (with slight dehiscence from well behind level of humeri to apex); laterally distinctly curved outwards from middle to near apex; maximum width (
<quantity id="41309B041A046A71FCF2F99EFC6B1569" box="[873,971,1624,1648]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.35">3.35 mm</quantity>
) at apical fifth. Humeri slightly rounded, not prominent, nor projecting. Apices of elytra divergent; apical margin oblique (sutural margin the longest); hardly bisinuate; both suture and lateral borders prolonged into short spine. Metathorax with posterior margin distinctly oblique. Metasternum not much broader than prothorax; convex (but most of midline occupied by relatively deep, oval depression); and planar with mesocoxae; metasternal suture almost entire, deep posteriorly, not quite reaching metasternal process. Metepisternum moderately large; subrectangular; weakly tapering towards acuminate apex. Abdomen strongly convex; only slightly tapering from base to apex. Urosternites
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FD92FE9EFD9F1276" box="[521,575,344,367]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">II-IV</collectionCode>
transverse with slightly rounded, subparallel sides.
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FDB8FEBEFD951296" box="[547,565,376,399]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
long (for a male),
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FF57FE5FFF4912A9" box="[204,233,409,432]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">ca.</emphasis>
as long as
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FEC6FE5EFEDA12B6" box="[349,378,408,431]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">IV</collectionCode>
; trapezoidal (but transversely constricted before apex); surface slightly convex (not flattened, nor depressed); apex strongly excavate, each side prolonged into sharp tooth. Abdominal process triangular; almost planar with rest of abdomen; and abruptly acuminate. Legs moderately robust and long; length of front, middle and hind legs in the ratio 1.0:1.4:1.8. Pro- and mesofemora strongly pedunculate-clavate (claves flattened laterally); profemoral peduncle very short; mesofemoral peduncle flattened at sides, relatively long (
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FEEDFD1FFE3211E9" box="[374,402,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">ca.</emphasis>
half length of clave). Metafemora relatively short (
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FEE4FD3EFE421009" box="[383,482,760,784]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.80 mm</quantity>
); weakly pedunculate-clavate; clave longer than peduncle, almost cylindrical, apices prolonged into short spines (lateral one longer); with spine, reaching apical third of urosternite
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FF22FCBEFF741096" box="[185,212,888,911]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">IV</collectionCode>
. Protibia thickly clothed with short, rigid, yellowish pubescence mesally; apex obliquely excised laterally. Metatibia distinctly shorter (
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FD92FC7EFDCB10C9" box="[521,619,952,976]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.20 mm</quantity>
) than metafemora; cylindrical; bisinuate; hardly widening to apex; clothed with moderately sparse, short setae, but otherwise unspecialised. Pro- and mesotarsi rather robust (the tarsomeres subequal in length, short and wide). Metatarsomere I cylindrical; slightly shorter than length of
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FE82FBBEFE8B1796" box="[281,299,1144,1167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">II</collectionCode>
+
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FEA2FBBEFEF41796" box="[313,340,1144,1167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">III</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FEFBFBBEFE641789" box="[352,452,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
);
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FE4EFBBEFE471796" box="[469,487,1144,1167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">II</collectionCode>
(
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FE6FFBBEFDF51789" box="[500,597,1144,1168]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
) weakly trapeziform,
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FE92FB5EFE8417B6" box="[265,292,1176,1199]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">III</collectionCode>
moderately bifid.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FF1FFB1FFED616A9" blockId="22.[132,681,1240,1456]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FF1FFB1FFE9F17E9" box="[132,319,1240,1264]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Variation in males:</emphasis>
the single male
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FE79FB1EFD9A17E9" box="[482,570,1240,1264]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
shows one significant difference of colour distribution: the central black fascia on each elytron is slightly broader at base; and extended to epipleuron by the addition of a narrow longitudinal patch (the latter partially separated from the proximal part of the fascia by a deep indentation anteriorly).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FF1FFA1FFEB415C9" blockId="22.[132,680,1496,1744]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FF1FFA1FFEF916E9" box="[132,345,1496,1520]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Description of female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="1EF32A641A076A72FEF1FA1EFE1A16E9" box="[362,442,1496,1520]" captionStart="FIGURES 5‑7" captionStartId="20.[132,222,1826,1845]" captionTargetBox="[134,1261,340,1779]" captionTargetId="figure-49@20.[132,1266,334,1789]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 5‑7: 5, Ornistomus simulatrix sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype. 6, Aechmutes boliviensis sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype. 7, Aechmutes subandinus sp. nov.: A male holotype, B female paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13174962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13174962/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
): in both female
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FDEFFA1EFF191509" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
colour distribution is little different from the male; except for the following: in
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FD9EF9DEFDDB1529" box="[517,635,1560,1584]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
the central, black fascia on the pronotum is deeply bifid apically; in both female
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FE1EF99EFE451569" box="[389,485,1624,1648]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
the elytra of both females are entirely yellow as far as the apical, black fascia; and in one the anterior margin of the latter is not scalloped.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FF1FF93EFB7211D6" blockId="22.[132,681,1784,1872]" lastBlockId="22.[718,1267,184,720]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FF1FF93EFF441416" box="[132,228,1784,1807]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Structure:</emphasis>
most structural differences limited to sexually dimorphic ones usual in species of this tribe. Rostrum longer (
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FEA5F8FEFE001449" box="[318,416,1848,1872]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.60 mm</quantity>
) than length of inferior lobes (
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FC8EFF7EFCD913C9" box="[789,889,184,208]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.50 mm</quantity>
). Eyes smaller, but equally convex; width of one inferior lobe 1.5 times interocular space (
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FD4EFF3EFC9A1209" box="[725,826,248,272]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.40 mm</quantity>
). Frontal suture represented by two fine, contiguous striae; and closely and confusedly punctured throughout. Antennae slightly more robust than male, but of equal length. Prothorax quadrate, more trapezoidal (
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FC0BFEBFFC0E1289" box="[912,942,377,400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">i.e.</emphasis>
sides straighter) than in male, with maximum width close to base of pronotum. Underside appears to be very similar to that of males, but abdomen wider, and sides of urosternites straighter. Urosternite
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FCCBFE3EFCC21116" box="[848,866,504,527]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
constricted well before apex, apical margin slightly sinuate, and each side extended to form small, blunt tooth. Abdominal process less acuminate at apex, and planar with rest of abdomen. Legs slightly shorter than in male (but almost same ratio); apex of metafemora just passing base of urosternite
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FD55FD7EFD4B11D6" box="[718,747,696,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">IV</collectionCode>
; and basal metatarsomere 0.92 length of
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FB0AFD7EFB0411D6" box="[1169,1188,696,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">II</collectionCode>
+
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FB29FD7EFB6E11D6" box="[1202,1230,696,719]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">III</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FD55FD3FFC491069" blockId="22.[718,1266,760,880]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD55FD3FFCF81009" box="[718,856,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Measurements</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FCF5FD3FFC351009" box="[878,917,761,784]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">mm</emphasis>
):
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FC2AFD3EFBA11009" box="[945,1025,760,784]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
/
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FB91FD3EFBC61009" box="[1034,1126,760,784]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
: total length 11.15/12.25; length of pronotum 1.85/1.80; width of pronotum 1.80/1.80; length of elytra 7.60/7.70; width at humeri 2.25/2.30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FD55FC5FFC9E1729" blockId="22.[718,1267,920,1072]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD55FC5FFCFA10A9" box="[718,858,920,944]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="36A03CBC1A076A72FCFBFC5EFC9E1729" collectingDate="2008-01-03" collectionCode="MNKM" collectorName="Clarke &amp; Zamalloa" country="Bolivia" elevation="1070" location="Caraparicito" municipality="Estancia Caraparicito" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Santa Cruz" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FCFBFC5EFC6110A9" box="[864,961,920,944]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male,
<collectingCountry id="FEDF76711A076A72FB9EFC5EFBD110A9" box="[1029,1137,920,944]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">BOLIVIA</collectingCountry>
,
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FBE1FC5EFB5210B6" box="[1146,1266,920,943]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<collectingRegion id="440CF8031A076A72FBE1FC5EFB4E10B6" box="[1146,1262,920,943]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6613AC9B1A076A72FD55FC7EFC6810C9" box="[718,968,952,976]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
Estancia
<location id="8317603A1A076A72FCDEFC7EFC6810C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209:8317603A1A076A72FCDEFC7EFC6810C9" box="[837,968,952,976]" country="Bolivia" municipality="Estancia Caraparicito" name="Caraparicito" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" stateProvince="Santa Cruz">Caraparicito</location>
</collectingMunicipality>
, 19°48’76”S/63°39’67”W,
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FD55FC1EFC8110F6" box="[718,801,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1070.0">
<elevation id="0DE5D1D21A076A72FD55FC1EFC8110F6" box="[718,801,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1070.0">1070 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<locationDeviation id="97C52FC31A076A72FCABFC1EFBB310E9" box="[816,1043,984,1008]" location="Caraparicito" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FCABFC1EFCC610E9" box="[816,870,984,1008]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
W Caraparicito
</locationDeviation>
, on/flying to flowers of
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FD77FC3EFCD31709" box="[748,883,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD77FC3EFC901716" box="[748,816,1016,1039]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Croton</emphasis>
sp. A
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="F27610211A076A72FC1BFC3EFC491709" box="[896,1001,1016,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" value="2008-01-03">
<collectingDate id="E232E9C91A076A72FC1BFC3EFC491709" box="[896,1001,1016,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" value="2008-01-03">03.I.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2B3D53371A076A72FC6CFC3EFB9B1709" box="[1015,1083,1016,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Clarke</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="2B3D53371A076A72FBF8FC3EFB631709" box="[1123,1219,1016,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Zamalloa</collectorName>
col. (
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FD4DFBDEFC931729" box="[726,819,1048,1072]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">MNKM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FD55FB9FFB8A17A9" blockId="22.[718,1266,1112,1200]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<materialsCitation id="36A03CBC1A076A72FD55FB9FFB8517A9" collectingDate="1984-12" collectionCode="MZUSP, RCSZ" collectorName="E. Muyupampa &amp; L. E. Pena" elevation="1600" location="Incahuasi" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Chuquisaca" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD55FB9FFC131769" box="[718,947,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FD55FB9FFC8A1769" box="[718,810,1113,1136]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingRegion id="440CF8031A076A72FCA3FB9EFC0F1769" box="[824,943,1112,1136]" country="Bolivia" name="Chuquisaca" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Chuquisaca</collectingRegion>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="8317603A1A076A72FC20FB9EFB801769" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0E6187F71A026A73FF51F991FF611209:8317603A1A076A72FC20FB9EFB801769" box="[955,1056,1112,1136]" name="Incahuasi" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" stateProvince="Chuquisaca">Incahuasi</location>
,
<quantity id="41309B041A076A72FBB7FB9EFBDF1776" box="[1068,1151,1112,1136]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1600.0">
<elevation id="0DE5D1D21A076A72FBB7FB9EFBDF1776" box="[1068,1151,1112,1136]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1600.0">1600 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectorName id="2B3D53371A076A72FB17FB9EFCB61796" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">E. Muyupampa</collectorName>
,
<date id="F27610211A076A72FCBAFBBEFC231789" box="[801,899,1144,1168]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" value="1984-12">
<collectingDate id="E232E9C91A076A72FCBAFBBEFC231789" box="[801,899,1144,1168]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" value="1984-12">XII.1984</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2B3D53371A076A72FC16FBBEFC491796" box="[909,1001,1144,1167]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">L.E.Peña</collectorName>
col.,
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FBB9FBBEFBC71789" box="[1058,1127,1144,1168]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FB00FBBEFB521789" box="[1179,1266,1144,1168]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FD4EFB5EFC9317A9" box="[725,819,1176,1200]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">MZUSP</collectionCode>
), and
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FCE9FB5EFC6917A9" box="[882,969,1176,1200]" count="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FC43FB5EFBBF17A9" box="[984,1055,1176,1200]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">RCSZ</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FD55FB1FFB841529" blockId="22.[718,1267,1240,1872]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD55FB1FFC9A17E9" box="[718,826,1241,1264]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Discussion:</emphasis>
Comparison between
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FBB0FB1EFB3817E9" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[1067,1176,1240,1264]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FBB0FB1EFB3817E9" box="[1067,1176,1240,1264]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the other species of the genus had to be made using a photograph of the
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FC0AFADEFC4B1629" box="[913,1003,1304,1328]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
available on the internet. Unfortunately, Gounelle was not sure which sex his specimen represented, he thought it might be a female, and the photograph of it does not provide the information to clarify its sex. However, comparison with males and females of the two Bolivian species indicate it to be a female, because the eyes do appear to be slightly further apart than males, and the antennae more crassate as in other females.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A076A72FC9CF9FEFB6B1449" blockId="22.[718,1267,1240,1872]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
In the
<collectionCode id="E0D9AE241A076A72FCD5F9FEFC071549" box="[846,935,1592,1616]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">MZUSP</collectionCode>
collection there are
<specimenCount id="90CEFD681A076A72FBE7F9FEFCA41576" count="3" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
from southern
<collectingCountry id="FEDF76711A076A72FC3BF99EFC4A1569" box="[928,1002,1624,1648]" name="Bolivia" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
, identified by Dr. Martins as
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD72F9BEFCFD1589" box="[745,861,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FD72F9BEFCF71589" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[745,855,1656,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">A. armatus</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
these have been treated as
<typeStatus id="597388431A076A72FBEDF9BEFB761589" box="[1142,1238,1656,1680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FD55F95EFCFA15A9" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[718,858,1688,1712]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FD55F95EFCFA15A9" box="[718,858,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">A. subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as shown above. Apart from the distinct differences of colour distribution set out in the diagnosis, the radical difference between the two ecosystems from which they come (
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FC6CF93EFBC51409" authorityName="Gounelle" authorityYear="1911" box="[1015,1125,1784,1808]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FC6CF93EFBC51409" box="[1015,1125,1784,1808]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">A. armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Amazonian forest,
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A076A72FCDCF8DEFC731429" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[839,979,1816,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A076A72FCDCF8DEFC731429" box="[839,979,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">A. subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Chaco Forest) present cogent arguments for recognising the two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="867736E11A066A73FFC5FF7EFF611209" blockId="23.[94,642,184,272]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A066A73FFC5FF7EFF6A13C9" box="[94,202,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Etymology:</emphasis>
in this case
<taxonomicName id="41C84D621A066A73FEF7FF7EFE5813C9" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="2012" box="[364,504,184,208]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Aechmutes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subandinus">
<emphasis id="B4BCEAF31A066A73FEF7FF7EFE5813C9" box="[364,504,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">A. subandinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
implies the lower section of the Andes, where the specimens were collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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