470 lines
48 KiB
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470 lines
48 KiB
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<mods:title id="B8D591778345F531485157F12378BF95">Taxonomic review of the Oriental genus Gandhara Moore with descriptions of four new species (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini)</mods:title>
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Volynkin & Černý
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(
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,
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,
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<figureCitation id="8B892A2BF026FFE8FEECFD8CFE79FD97" box="[356,385,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 39–42" captionStartId="15.[151,264,1939,1963]" captionTargetBox="[181,1407,186,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-25@15.[168,1420,181,1915]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 39–42. Gandhara spp.: female genitalia. The specimens dissected are deposited in MWM/ZSM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10151288" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10151288/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">39</figureCitation>
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)
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=
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<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF24FDC7FEA9FDD5" box="[172,337,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Gandhara serva</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="77234B5FF026FFE8FED7FDC7FDF4FDD5" author="Moore, F." box="[351,524,615,640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" pagination="3 - 37" refId="ref8661" refString="Moore, F. (1878) A revision of certain genera of European and Asiatic Lithosiinae, with characters of new genera and species. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 3 - 37, pls. 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1878. tb 07927. x" type="journal article" year="1878">Moore (1878: 15</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 1: fig. 7)
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=
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<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF24FD29FEA9FD34" box="[172,337,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Gandhara serva</emphasis>
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:
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, fig. 11)
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=
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:
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.
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(
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,
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): male, “
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(Burma) |
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E Putao
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|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FA08FD44FF04FC80" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1998-05-01" valueMax="1998-05-05" valueMin="1998-05-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7748E986F026FFE8FA08FD44FF04FC80" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1998-05-01" valueMax="1998-05-05" valueMin="1998-05-01">1– 5.V.1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
| leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FEB5FCA0FE77FC83" box="[317,399,783,809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Murzin</collectorName>
|
||
& Sinjaev [recte: Sinyaev] | Museum Witt” / “Slide |
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FC69FCA0FBE3FC83" box="[993,1051,783,809]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
Arct. | 2019-1094♁ |
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FA81FCA0FA6BFC83" box="[1289,1427,783,809]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">A. Volynkin</collectorName>
|
||
” (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FF70FC9CFECCFCE7" box="[248,308,819,845]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="130D36AEF026FFE8FF4FFCF8FAD9FB57" blockId="3.[151,1437,747,1674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FF4FFCF8FB22FCDB" box="[199,1242,855,882]" collectingDate="1998-05-01" collectingDateMax="1998-05-05" collectingDateMin="1998-05-01" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="Murzin & A. Volynkin" country="Myanmar" elevation="550" location="Nan Sa Bon village" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="94" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF4FFCF8FEC7FCDB" bold="true" box="[199,319,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<typeStatus id="CC09880CF026FFE8FF4FFCF8FEC7FCDB" box="[199,319,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FEC5FCF8FE1CFCDB" bold="true" box="[333,484,855,881]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FEC5FCF8FE1CFCDB" box="[333,484,855,881]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">MYANMAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FE7CFCF8FD74FCDB" box="[500,652,855,881]" count="94" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="generic">94 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of both sexes, same data as holotype (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FB1EFCF8FB2AFCDB" box="[1174,1234,855,881]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FB6DFCF8FCAFFC3F" collectionCode="V" country="Myanmar" elevation="800" location="Nan Sa Bon" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="78" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FB6DFCF8FA86FCDB" box="[1253,1406,855,881]" count="78" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="generic">78 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of both sexes,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="02BF2F8CF026FFE8FE91FCD4FE38FC3C" box="[281,448,891,918]" location="Putao" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FE91FCD4FE98FC3F" box="[281,352,891,918]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
|
||
E Putao
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, env.
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FE76FCD3FD7DFC3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FE76FCD3FD7DFC3C" box="[510,645,891,918]" country="Myanmar" name="Nan Sa Bon" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Nan Sa Bon</location>
|
||
vill.,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FD4CFCD4FCFFFC3F" box="[708,775,891,917]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="800.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FD4CFCD4FCFFFC3F" box="[708,775,891,917]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="800.0">800m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FC9AFCD4FCAFFC3F" box="[786,855,891,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1998-05-06" valueMax="1998-05-09" valueMin="1998-05-06">
|
||
6–9.
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FCC9FCD4FCAFFC3F" box="[833,855,891,917]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FCDFFCD4FA65FC3F" box="[855,1437,891,918]" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="Murzin & Sinyaev & Nos." country="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
.1998,
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FC28FCD4FC0AFC3F" box="[928,1010,891,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Murzin</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FB9CFCD4FB96FC3F" box="[1044,1134,891,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Sinyaev</collectorName>
|
||
leg., gen. prep.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FAA8FCD3FAA1FC3C" box="[1312,1369,892,918]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Nos.</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FAEBFCD4FA65FC3F" box="[1379,1437,891,917]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1128 (male),
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FE27FC30FE11FC13" box="[431,489,927,953]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1112 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FB0BFC30FB47FC13" box="[1155,1215,927,953]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FB5AFC30FBFCFC77" collectionCode="VI" country="Nepal" elevation="1700" latitude="28.466667" location="Annapurna Himal" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="84.38333" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="7" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FB5AFC30FAD7FC13" bold="true" box="[1234,1327,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FB5AFC30FAD7FC13" box="[1234,1327,927,953]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">NEPAL</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FAB6FC0FFA60FC13" box="[1342,1432,927,954]" count="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FF1FFC6CFEFEFC77" box="[151,262,963,989]" count="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FE98FC6CFE25FC77" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FE98FC6CFE25FC77" box="[272,477,963,989]" country="Nepal" latitude="28.466667" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="84.38333" name="Annapurna Himal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Annapurna Himal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FE60FC6CFDC0FC77" box="[488,568,963,989]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FE60FC6CFDC0FC77" box="[488,568,963,989]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="02BF2F8CF026FFE8FDCCFC6CFD1BFC77" box="[580,739,963,990]" location="Tal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FDCCFC6CFD85FC77" box="[580,637,963,989]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Tal
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FD66FC6CFCB7FC77" box="[750,847,963,989]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="28.466667">28°28’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FCDEFC6CFC4EFC77" box="[854,950,963,989]" degrees="84" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="84.38333">84°23’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FC4AFC6CFBFCFC77" box="[962,1028,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1996-06-08">
|
||
08.
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FC6BFC6CFBFCFC77" box="[995,1028,963,989]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FB8CFC6CFEACFBAB" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="Hreblay & Szaboky & Nos." country="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
.1996,
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FBD8FC6CFB52FC77" box="[1104,1194,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Hreblay</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FB46FC6CFAD6FC77" box="[1230,1326,963,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Szaboky</collectorName>
|
||
leg., gen. prep.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FF5FFC47FEF7FBA8" box="[215,271,1000,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Nos.</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FE92FC48FEACFBAB" box="[282,340,999,1025]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1123 (male),
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FDF8FC48FD52FBAB" box="[624,682,999,1025]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1111 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FAB7FC48FA83FBAB" box="[1343,1403,999,1025]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FA06FC48FBC0FB8F" collectionCode="VI" country="Nepal" elevation="1000" latitude="28.333334" location="Annapurna Himal" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="84.416664" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FA06FC48FF28FB8F" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FF53FBA4FE50FB8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FF53FBA4FE50FB8F" box="[219,424,1035,1061]" country="Nepal" latitude="28.333334" longLatPrecision="1232" longitude="84.416664" name="Annapurna Himal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Annapurna Himal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FE3BFBA4FDFCFB8F" box="[435,516,1035,1061]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1000.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FE3BFBA4FDFCFB8F" box="[435,516,1035,1061]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="02BF2F8CF026FFE8FD98FBA4FCEEFB8F" box="[528,790,1035,1061]" location="Bahundanda" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FD98FBA4FDB1FB8F" box="[528,585,1035,1061]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
S of Bahundanda
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FCAAFBA4FC7BFB8F" box="[802,899,1035,1061]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="28.333334">28°20’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FC02FBA4FC12FB8C" box="[906,1002,1035,1062]" degrees="84" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="84.416664">84°25’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FC7EFBA4FBC0FB8F" box="[1014,1080,1035,1061]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1996-06-06">
|
||
06.
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FB90FBA4FBC0FB8F" box="[1048,1080,1035,1061]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FBB1FBA4FE7BFBE3" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="Hreblay & Szaboky & No." country="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
.1996,
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FB0DFBA4FB27FB8F" box="[1157,1247,1035,1061]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Hreblay</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FA8CFBA4FA9CFB8F" box="[1284,1380,1035,1061]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Szaboky</collectorName>
|
||
leg., gen. prep.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FE98FB9FFEC5FBE0" box="[272,317,1072,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">No.</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FEC1FB80FE7BFBE3" box="[329,387,1071,1097]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1084 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FC33FB80FC0FFBE3" box="[955,1015,1071,1097]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FB83FB80FD75FBC4" collectionCode="VI" country="Nepal" elevation="850" latitude="28.233334" location="Annapurna Himal" longLatPrecision="1233" longitude="84.38333" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FB83FB80FBA2FBE3" box="[1035,1114,1071,1097]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FBEDFB80FACBFBE3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FBEDFB80FACBFBE3" box="[1125,1331,1071,1097]" country="Nepal" latitude="28.233334" longLatPrecision="1233" longitude="84.38333" name="Annapurna Himal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Annapurna Himal</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FAB7FB80FA7AFBE0" box="[1343,1410,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="850.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FAB7FB80FA7AFBE0" box="[1343,1410,1071,1098]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="850.0">850m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="02BF2F8CF026FFE8FA06FB80FE93FBC7" location="Besisahar" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FA06FB80FF43FBC7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Besisahar
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FEFEFBFCFE2FFBC7" box="[374,471,1107,1133]" degrees="28" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="28.233334">28°14’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76865069F026FFE8FE56FBFCFDC6FBC7" box="[478,574,1107,1133]" degrees="84" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" precision="925" value="84.38333">84°23’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FDC2FBFCFD75FBC4" box="[586,653,1107,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1996-06-05">
|
||
05.
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FDE4FBFCFD75FBC4" box="[620,653,1107,1134]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FD04FBFCFB27FBC7" box="[652,1247,1107,1134]" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="Hreblay & Szaboky & No." country="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
.1996,
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FD50FBFCFCCAFBC7" box="[728,818,1107,1133]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Hreblay</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FCDEFBFCFC4EFBC7" box="[854,950,1107,1133]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Szaboky</collectorName>
|
||
leg., gen. prep.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FBE4FBFBFB62FBC4" box="[1132,1178,1108,1134]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">No.</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FB2DFBFCFB27FBC7" box="[1189,1247,1107,1133]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1122 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FD8AFBD8FDC6FB3B" box="[514,574,1143,1169]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FDD8FBD8FF0FFB1C" collectionCode="V" country="India" elevation="700" location="Etalin" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="27" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FDD8FBD8FD5AFB3B" bold="true" box="[592,674,1143,1169]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FDD8FBD8FD5AFB3B" box="[592,674,1143,1169]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">INDIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FD38FBD8FCB0FB3B" box="[688,840,1143,1169]" count="27" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="generic">27 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of both sexes,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FC65FBD8FB3CFB3B" box="[1005,1220,1143,1169]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
, near
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FA8DFBD8FAB3FB3B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FA8DFBD8FAB3FB3B" box="[1285,1355,1143,1169]" country="India" name="Etalin" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" stateProvince="Arunachal Pradesh">Etalin</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FADDFBD8FA60FB3B" box="[1365,1432,1143,1169]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FADDFBD8FA60FB3B" box="[1365,1432,1143,1169]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="700.0">700m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FF1FFB34FF0FFB1C" box="[151,247,1179,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1997-05-12" valueMax="1997-05-15" valueMin="1997-05-12">
|
||
12–15.
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FF69FB34FF0FFB1C" box="[225,247,1179,1206]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.1997, local collector leg., gen. prep. Nos.:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FD69FB34FCE3FB1F" box="[737,795,1179,1205]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1085 (male),
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FBB4FB34FB8EFB1F" box="[1084,1142,1179,1205]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1127 (female) (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FE77FB10FDC3FB73" box="[511,571,1215,1241]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A3DA3CF3F026FFE8FDC4FB10FD50FB57" collectingDate="1999-09-22" collectingDateMax="1999-09-23" collectingDateMin="1999-09-22" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="A. Szabo & Z. Czere & No." country="Thailand" elevation="1700" location="30 km E Pua" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nan" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FDC4FB10FD1BFB73" bold="true" box="[588,739,1215,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FDC4FB10FD1BFB73" box="[588,739,1215,1241]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">THAILAND</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="05B4FD27F026FFE8FD78FB10FCC5FB73" box="[752,829,1215,1241]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FCCFFB10FC17FB70" box="[839,1007,1215,1242]" country="Thailand" name="Nan" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Changwat Nan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="166D6075F026FFE8FC71FB10FB70FB70" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B1B87B8F026FFE8FF1FFE50FD59F920:166D6075F026FFE8FC71FB10FB70FB70" box="[1017,1160,1215,1242]" country="Thailand" name="30 km E Pua" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" stateProvince="Nan">
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FC71FB10FBC7FB73" box="[1017,1087,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E Pua
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="D44A9B4BF026FFE8FB19FB10FB1AFB73" box="[1169,1250,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1700.0">
|
||
<elevation id="989FD19DF026FFE8FB19FB10FB1AFB73" box="[1169,1250,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="670C106EF026FFE8FB64FB10FA60FB73" box="[1260,1432,1215,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1999-09-22" valueMax="1999-09-23" valueMin="1999-09-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="7748E986F026FFE8FB64FB10FA60FB73" box="[1260,1432,1215,1241]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" value="1999-09-22" valueMax="1999-09-23" valueMin="1999-09-22">22–23.IX.1999</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FF1FFB4CFF05FB57" box="[151,253,1251,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">A. Szabó</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FEAAFB4BFE7AFB57" box="[290,386,1251,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Z. Czere</collectorName>
|
||
leg., gen. prep.
|
||
<collectorName id="BE475378F026FFE8FDBEFB4BFD9CFB54" box="[566,612,1252,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">No.</collectorName>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FDE6FB4CFD50FB57" box="[622,680,1251,1277]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
Arct. 2019-1093 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/
|
||
<collectionCode id="75A3AE6BF026FFE8FB51FB4CFAEDFB57" box="[1241,1301,1251,1277]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5BA86525F026FFE8FF4FFAA8FC5EFA53" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="130D36AEF026FFE8FF4FFAA8FC5EFA53" blockId="3.[151,1437,747,1674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF4FFAA8FEC2FA8B" bold="true" box="[199,314,1287,1313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. The forewing length is 13.0–14.0 mm in males and 15.0–16.0 mm in females. The male genital capsules of the four species are very similar but in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4B24D2DF026FFE8FD5DFA83FCC3FAEF" authority="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu, 2023" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu" authorityYear="2023" box="[725,827,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Gandhara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FD5DFA83FCC3FAEF" box="[725,827,1324,1350]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. typica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FCCBFA84FC7BFAEF" bold="true" box="[835,899,1323,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF557C7F026FFE8FCCBFA84FC7BFAEF" box="[835,899,1323,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FC32FA83FBE2FAEF" box="[954,1050,1323,1350]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. clava</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FBA9FA84FB99FAEF" bold="true" box="[1057,1121,1323,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||
, the lobes of the anellus are more heavily serrulate than in the other two congeners. The reliable differences between the species are found in the vesica configuration: in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4B24D2DF026FFE8FE47FADBFDCDFA27" authority="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu, 2023" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu" authorityYear="2023" box="[463,565,1396,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Gandhara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FE47FADBFDCDFA27" box="[463,565,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. typica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FDB4FADCFD84FA27" bold="true" box="[572,636,1395,1421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF557C7F026FFE8FDB4FADCFD84FA27" box="[572,636,1395,1421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, the vesica is the longest in the species-group (ca. twice longer than the phallus tube). Compared to the aforementioned congeners, the female genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4B24D2DF026FFE8FBCEFA37FB56FA1B" authority="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu, 2023" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu" authorityYear="2023" box="[1094,1198,1432,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Gandhara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="typica" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FBCEFA37FB56FA1B" box="[1094,1198,1432,1458]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. typica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FB30FA38FB01FA1B" bold="true" box="[1208,1273,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF557C7F026FFE8FB30FA38FB01FA1B" box="[1208,1273,1431,1457]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
have a longer ductus bursae and a narrower posterior section of the corpus bursae. Additionally, the antrum of the new species is markedly narrower than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4B24D2DF026FFE8FE40FA4FFDD6FA53" authority="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu, 2023" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu" authorityYear="2023" box="[456,558,1504,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Gandhara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emgai" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FE40FA4FFDD6FA53" box="[456,558,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. emgai</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FDBEFA70FD8DFA53" bold="true" box="[566,629,1503,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF557C7F026FFE8FDBEFA70FD8DFA53" box="[566,629,1503,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D4B24D2DF026FFE8FD23FA4FFC98FA53" authority="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu, 2023" authorityName="Volynkin & Černý & Huang & Hu" authorityYear="2023" box="[683,864,1504,1530]" class="Insecta" family="Erebidae" genus="Gandhara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="interrogativa" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FD23FA4FFC98FA53" box="[683,864,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">G. interrogativa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FCEFFA70FC5EFA53" bold="true" box="[871,934,1503,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3AF557C7F026FFE8FCEFFA70FC5EFA53" box="[871,934,1503,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5BA86525F026FFE8FF4FF9ACFA65F9EB" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="130D36AEF026FFE8FF4FF9ACFA65F9EB" blockId="3.[151,1437,747,1674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF4FF9ACFEA1F9B7" bold="true" box="[199,345,1539,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. The species is widespread from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FD4EF9ACFCF1F9B7" box="[710,777,1539,1565]" name="Nepal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Nepal</collectingCountry>
|
||
and North and Northeast
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FBACF9ACFBA6F9B7" box="[1060,1118,1539,1565]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FBE3F9ACFAC3F9B7" box="[1131,1339,1539,1565]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
, north of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FF1FF987FEDFF9EB" box="[151,295,1575,1602]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FEB9F988FDF0F9EB" box="[305,520,1575,1601]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||
) through northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FD51F987FCBEF9E8" box="[729,838,1576,1602]" name="Myanmar" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FCDDF988FC10F9EB" box="[853,1000,1575,1601]" country="Myanmar" name="Kachin" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Kachin State</collectingRegion>
|
||
) to Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6BA5763EF026FFE8FBF7F988FB1BF9EB" box="[1151,1251,1575,1601]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D176F84CF026FFE8FB79F988FA69F9EB" box="[1265,1425,1575,1601]" country="Thailand" name="Nan" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Nan Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5BA86525F026FFE8FF4FF9E4FD59F920" pageId="3" pageNumber="393" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="130D36AEF026FFE8FF4FF9E4FD59F920" blockId="3.[151,1437,747,1674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">
|
||
<emphasis id="21C6EABCF026FFE8FF4FF9E4FEB0F9CF" bold="true" box="[199,328,1611,1637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="393">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The specific epithet refers to the fact that the new species is fixed as the generotype. The name is an adjective in apposition to the generic name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |