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<document id="0A799E2604B9C05B09AF3A6A27CB09EC" ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2021.40.8" ID-ISSN="2336-9744" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13233031" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:102DFA47-5952-437B-A41E-F1D2D82A1B80" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722914442486" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Spitsyn, Vitaly M., Bolotov, Ivan N., Kondakov, Alexander V., Klass, Anna L., Mizin, Ivan A., Tomilova, Alena A., Zubrii, Natalia A. &amp; Gofarov, Mikhail Y." docDate="2021" docId="367257143836FF9201BCF9C9FE00FBA2" docLanguage="en" docName="EcolMontenegrina.40.93-117.pdf" docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 40" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2021.40.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE.2:EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE" docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Lemmus lemmus subsp. chernovi Spitsyn, Bolotov &amp; Kondakov 2021, ssp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="108" masterDocId="CA4B2F6C383AFF9D012BFFFCFFF1FC58" masterDocTitle="A new Norwegian Lemming subspecies from Novaya Zemlya, Arctic Russia" masterLastPageNumber="117" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1722918341454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="62F93F971DC7C3BD5FCE1470BEB822CD">A new Norwegian Lemming subspecies from Novaya Zemlya, Arctic Russia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D5D311B0317B63AF3656E6162FF0960">Spitsyn, Vitaly M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3E5EB26DB404136FF2B6035DFB2E2F92">Mizin, Ivan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AA8820FB9B14A6CD708B1AEC0AA02A94">Tomilova, Alena A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="48A6A9DFF39B52D3D8AEE28163F508DC">Zubrii, Natalia A.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813836FF9101BCF9C9FCA5FA17" authority="Spitsyn, Bolotov &amp; Kondakov" authorityName="Spitsyn, Bolotov &amp; Kondakov" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,852,1589,1615]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="chernovi">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103836FF9101BCF9C9FE26FA17" bold="true" box="[151,471,1589,1615]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">Lemmus lemmus chernovi</emphasis>
Spitsyn, Bolotov &amp; Kondakov
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<figureCitation id="26E0FA873836FF9101BCF9AAFF09FA29" box="[151,248,1622,1649]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[151,226,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[307,1268,684,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-226@13.[297,1289,674,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal view of lemming specimens: (A) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005], and (B) Norwegian Lemming (L. lemmus lemmus) [RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233048/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873836FF91002FF9AAFEE3FA29" box="[260,274,1622,1649]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="14.[151,226,1804,1828]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,189,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[193,1395,189,1785]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 7. Comparison of crania, molar rows, and lower jaws of Novaya Zemlya (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005] and Norwegian (L. l. lemmus) lemmings [specimen RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. (A, B, C) Crania of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, and (C) lateral view. (D, E, F) Crania of Norwegian Lemming: (D) dorsal view, (E) ventral view, and (F) lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (G, H) Molar rows of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (G) maxillary, and (H) mandibular. (I, J) Molar rows of Norwegian Lemming: (I) maxillary, and (J) mandibular. Scale bar = 1 mm. (K, L) Lower jaw of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (K) outer lateral view, and (L) inner lateral view. (M, N) Lower jaw of Norwegian Lemming: (M) outer lateral view, and (N) inner lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233052/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">7</figureCitation>
A-C, 7G-H, 7K-L, 
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<paragraph id="BE64E6023836FF9101BCF984FD61FACB" blockId="12.[151,965,1589,1683]" box="[151,656,1656,1683]" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">Common name: Novaya Zemlya Lemming</paragraph>
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005: type locality: 
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, wet saxifrage- roseroot communities, 
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leg.
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, Novaya Zemlya, Southern Island: type locality, 
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, 
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(RMBH Lem001 – Lem004, Lem006, Lem007, Lem011, Lem019, Lem022, Lem023, Lem027), Spitsyn leg.; near Malye Karmakuly Polar Station, 
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, altitude 
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, dry lichen- moss rocky tundra, 
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, 
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(RMBH Lem028), Spitsyn leg.; near Malye Karmakuly Polar Station, 
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, altitude 
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, dry lichen- moss rocky tundra, 
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<specimenCount id="A8DD2D8B3836FF9105B3F85BFADFFB9A" box="[1176,1326,1959,1986]" count="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(RMBH Lem008, Lem009), Spitsyn leg.; near Malye Karmakuly Polar Station, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53836FF9102F5F835FB90FBBC" box="[990,1121,1993,2020]" degrees="72.4058" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" precision="5" value="72.4058">72.4058°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53836FF910546F835FB1CFBBC" box="[1133,1261,1993,2020]" degrees="52.8285" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" precision="5" value="52.8285">52.8285°E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude 
<quantity id="79234BE73836FF910472F835FA66FBBC" box="[1369,1431,1993,2020]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
, dry tundra with 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813836FF910040F810FDCFF45E" box="[363,574,2027,2054]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octopetala">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103836FF910040F810FDCFF45E" box="[363,574,2027,2054]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">Dryas octopetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813836FF9103ADF817FC9BF45E" box="[646,874,2027,2054]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpinus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103836FF9103ADF817FC9BF45E" box="[646,874,2027,2054]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="105">Astragalus alpinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<date id="CA65C0C23836FF9102AAF817FBF8F45E" box="[897,1033,2027,2054]" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" value="2015-07-27">27.vii.2015</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="A8DD2D8B3836FF910536F817FB44F45E" box="[1053,1205,2027,2054]" count="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="105" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
(RMBH Lem020, Lem021), Spitsyn leg.; near Malye Karmakuly Polar Station, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF9002B8FF3FFBE6FC86" box="[915,1047,195,222]" degrees="72.3797" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5" value="72.3797">72.3797°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF900503FF3FFB59FC86" box="[1064,1192,195,222]" degrees="52.7525" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5" value="52.7525">52.7525°E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude 
<quantity id="79234BE73837FF900436FF3FFA91FC86" box="[1309,1376,195,222]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
, wet moss-sedge-willow tundra, 
<date id="CA65C0C23837FF9000C2FF19FD6FFD58" box="[489,670,229,256]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" value="2015-07-28" valueMax="2015-07-31" valueMin="2015-07-28">28–31.vii.2015</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="A8DD2D8B3837FF90039AFF19FCB6FD58" box="[689,839,229,256]" count="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" type="generic">4 specimens</specimenCount>
(RMBH Lem017, Lem018, Lem024, Lem025), Spitsyn leg.; near Malye Karmakuly Polar Station, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF900219FEFBFC44FD7A" box="[818,949,263,290]" degrees="72.3739" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5" value="72.3739">72.3739°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF9002E1FEFBFBBBFD7A" box="[970,1098,263,290]" degrees="52.7167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5" value="52.7167">52.7167°E</geoCoordinate>
, altitude 
<quantity id="79234BE73837FF9005E3FEFBFAFEFD7A" box="[1224,1295,263,290]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</quantity>
, stinkweed (
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813837FF90018AFED5FEADFD1B" box="[161,348,296,323]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Artemiidae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anostraca" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tilesii">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90018AFED5FEADFD1B" box="[161,348,296,323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Artemisia tilesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) assemblages, 
<date id="CA65C0C23837FF90033BFED4FD60FD1B" box="[528,657,296,323]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" value="2015-08-05">5.viii.2015</date>
, 
<specimenCount id="A8DD2D8B3837FF9003B5FED4FCD2FD1B" box="[670,803,296,323]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(RMBH Lem031), Spitsyn leg.; Bezymyannaya Bay, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF9001BCFEB6FF1FFD3D" box="[151,238,330,357]" degrees="72.8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5555" value="72.8">72.8°N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="DBEF80C53837FF9001D1FEB6FEBCFD3D" box="[250,333,330,357]" degrees="52.5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" precision="5555" value="52.5">52.5°E</geoCoordinate>
, 2017, 
<specimenCount id="A8DD2D8B3837FF900088FEB6FDD9FD3D" box="[419,552,330,357]" count="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
(RMBH Lem029), local collector leg.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023837FF9001DDFE90FAE3FD92" blockId="13.[151,1436,195,661]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">
Molecular diagnosis: The novel subspecies differs from 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813837FF9002A7FE91FB40FDDF" authorityName="FJ" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[908,1201,364,391]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" subSpecies="lemmus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF9002A7FE91FB40FDDF" box="[908,1201,364,391]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Lemmus lemmus lemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by fixed nucleotide substitutions in the mitochondrial 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90031BFE72FD90FDF1" box="[560,609,398,425]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">cytb</emphasis>
(12A, 36C, 189T, 441T, 573A, 726G, 765T) and 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF900595FE72FB01FDF0" box="[1214,1264,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">COI</emphasis>
(198C, 200A, 302T, 542A, 602C), and the nuclear 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90036CFE4CFD72FD92" box="[583,643,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">GHR</emphasis>
(860C) and 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90023DFE53FCAFFD92" box="[790,862,431,458]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">RAG1</emphasis>
(599T) gene fragments (
<tableCitation id="F359D3B93837FF9005AAFE53FB19FD92" box="[1153,1256,431,458]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="6.[151,216,1477,1501]" captionText="Table 4. Genetic divergences (mean uncorrected p-distances, %) between Lemmus taxa (L. lemmus and L. amurensis species complexes) based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytb (below diagonal) and COI (above diagonal) genes." pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Tables 4</tableCitation>
-5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023837FF9001DDFE2DFA90FECD" blockId="13.[151,1436,195,661]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">
Differential diagnosis: The Novaya Zemlya Lemming differs from the nominate subspecies by having a cryptic coloration of dorsal surface that is dark gray with yellow and reddish hairs in adults (
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873837FF900446FE0FFF4DFE68" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[151,226,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[307,1268,684,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-226@13.[297,1289,674,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal view of lemming specimens: (A) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005], and (B) Norwegian Lemming (L. lemmus lemmus) [RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233048/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) to reddish in juveniles, with an unclear longitudinal black stripe in anterior part from neck to nose (vs bright yellow coloration with black anterior part of the trunk and large black spots on head). The new subspecies is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813837FF9003AAFDA5FCA3FE2B" authorityName="FJ" baseAuthorityName="Kerr" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[641,850,600,627]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sibiricus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF9003AAFDA5FCA3FE2B" box="[641,850,600,627]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Lemmus sibiricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but adult specimens from Novaya Zemlya could be distinguished from it by dorsal coloration with yellow and reddish hairs (vs brown and reddish hairs).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAA4B68A3837FF9001BCF857FD6DF458" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233048" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13233048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233048/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" startId="13.[151,226,1963,1987]" targetBox="[307,1268,684,1945]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE64E6023837FF9001BCF857FD6DF458" blockId="13.[151,1437,1963,2048]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF9001BCF857FEF1FB9B" bold="true" box="[151,256,1963,1987]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of lemming specimens: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF900385F857FD30FB9B" bold="true" box="[686,705,1963,1987]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">A</emphasis>
) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813837FF900523F850FAD5FB9B" authorityName="Spitsyn &amp; Bolotov &amp; Kondakov &amp; Klass &amp; Mizin &amp; Tomilova &amp; Zubrii &amp; Gofarov" authorityYear="2021" box="[1032,1316,1963,1987]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="chernovi">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF900523F850FAD5FB9B" box="[1032,1316,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">Lemmus lemmus chernovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF900404F857FA65FB9B" bold="true" box="[1327,1428,1963,1987]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="979C876B3837FF900404F857FA65FB9B" box="[1327,1428,1963,1987]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) [holotype RMBH Lem005], and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90033AF836FDD2FBBA" bold="true" box="[529,547,1994,2018]" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">B</emphasis>
) Norwegian Lemming (
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813837FF90021EF836FBF2FBB9" authorityName="FJ" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[821,1027,1993,2017]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="13" pageNumber="106" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" subSpecies="lemmus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103837FF90021EF836FBF2FBB9" box="[821,1027,1993,2017]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="106">L. lemmus lemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) [RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EAA4B68A3834FF9301BCF8F0FCE9FBA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233052" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13233052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233052/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="107" startId="14.[151,226,1804,1828]" targetBox="[193,1395,189,1785]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="BE64E6023834FF9301BCF8F0FCE9FBA2" blockId="14.[151,1437,1803,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9301BCF8F0FF0FFB7C" bold="true" box="[151,254,1804,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Comparison of crania, molar rows, and lower jaws of Novaya Zemlya (
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813834FF93053AF8F0FAD9FB7B" authorityName="Spitsyn &amp; Bolotov &amp; Kondakov &amp; Klass &amp; Mizin &amp; Tomilova &amp; Zubrii &amp; Gofarov" authorityYear="2021" box="[1041,1320,1803,1827]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="14" pageNumber="107" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="chernovi">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93053AF8F0FAD9FB7B" box="[1041,1320,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">Lemmus lemmus chernovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93041AF8F0FA62FB7C" bold="true" box="[1329,1427,1804,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="979C876B3834FF93041AF8F0FA62FB7C" box="[1329,1427,1804,1828]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
) [holotype RMBH Lem005] and Norwegian (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930355F8D7FCF5FB1A" box="[638,772,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">
L. 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813834FF9303B7F8D6FCF5FB1A" box="[668,772,1834,1858]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="14" pageNumber="115" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemmus">l. lemmus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) lemmings [specimen RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9304A8F8D6FA67FB1A" bold="true" box="[1411,1430,1834,1858]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9301BCF8B5FF58FB39" bold="true" box="[151,169,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93019CF8B5FF3BFB39" bold="true" box="[183,202,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
) Crania of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930352F8B5FD7DFB39" bold="true" box="[633,652,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
) dorsal view, (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93021AF8B5FCB2FB39" bold="true" box="[817,835,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">B</emphasis>
) ventral view, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930536F8B5FBC1FB39" bold="true" box="[1053,1072,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">C</emphasis>
) lateral view. (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9305FEF8B5FB19FB39" bold="true" box="[1237,1256,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9305DCF8B5FAF8FB39" bold="true" box="[1271,1289,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93043DF8B5FAD7FB39" bold="true" box="[1302,1318,1865,1889]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
) Crania of Norwegian Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9300BFF894FE56FBD8" bold="true" box="[404,423,1896,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">D</emphasis>
) dorsal view, (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930360F894FDACFBD8" bold="true" box="[587,605,1896,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">E</emphasis>
) ventral view, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930213F894FCB9FBD8" bold="true" box="[824,840,1896,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">F</emphasis>
) lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930590F894FB3EFBD8" bold="true" box="[1211,1231,1896,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">G</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9305F6F894FB03FBD8" bold="true" box="[1245,1266,1896,1920]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">H</emphasis>
) Molar rows of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9300F5F87AFE03FBC6" bold="true" box="[478,498,1926,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">G</emphasis>
) maxillary, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9303E9F87AFD26FBC6" bold="true" box="[706,727,1926,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">H</emphasis>
) mandibular. (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9302AEF87AFC7EFBC6" bold="true" box="[901,911,1926,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">I</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93028FF87AFC40FBC6" bold="true" box="[932,945,1926,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">J</emphasis>
) Molar rows of Norwegian Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9304A2F87AFA62FBC6" bold="true" box="[1417,1427,1926,1950]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">I</emphasis>
) maxillary, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93006DF859FEA2FBE5" bold="true" box="[326,339,1957,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">J</emphasis>
) mandibular. Scale bar = 1 mm. (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9303FAF859FD17FBE5" bold="true" box="[721,742,1957,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">K</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9303DDF859FCF9FBE5" bold="true" box="[758,776,1957,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">L</emphasis>
) Lower jaw of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF9305D9F859FAF6FBE5" bold="true" box="[1266,1287,1957,1981]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">K</emphasis>
) outer lateral view, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF93003EF838FED6FB84" bold="true" box="[277,295,1988,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">L</emphasis>
) inner lateral view. 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930320F838FDAAFB84" bold="true" box="[523,603,1988,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">(M, N)</emphasis>
Lower jaw of Norwegian Lemming: (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930523F838FBD0FB84" bold="true" box="[1032,1057,1988,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">M</emphasis>
) outer lateral view, and (
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103834FF930414F838FAA3FB84" bold="true" box="[1343,1362,1988,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="107">N</emphasis>
) inner lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF9201BCFF3FFE6AFE80" blockId="15.[151,1437,195,728]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
Description: 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF92001BFF3FFE2DFC86" box="[304,476,195,222]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<typeStatus id="616058A03835FF92001BFF3FFE6AFC86" box="[304,411,195,222]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF9200C7FF3FFDBEFC86" box="[492,591,195,222]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[151,226,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[307,1268,684,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-226@13.[297,1289,674,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal view of lemming specimens: (A) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005], and (B) Norwegian Lemming (L. lemmus lemmus) [RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233048/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Figs 6A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF920370FF3FFD98FC86" box="[603,617,195,222]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="14.[151,226,1804,1828]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,189,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-18@14.[193,1395,189,1785]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 7. Comparison of crania, molar rows, and lower jaws of Novaya Zemlya (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005] and Norwegian (L. l. lemmus) lemmings [specimen RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. (A, B, C) Crania of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (A) dorsal view, (B) ventral view, and (C) lateral view. (D, E, F) Crania of Norwegian Lemming: (D) dorsal view, (E) ventral view, and (F) lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (G, H) Molar rows of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (G) maxillary, and (H) mandibular. (I, J) Molar rows of Norwegian Lemming: (I) maxillary, and (J) mandibular. Scale bar = 1 mm. (K, L) Lower jaw of Novaya Zemlya Lemming: (K) outer lateral view, and (L) inner lateral view. (M, N) Lower jaw of Norwegian Lemming: (M) outer lateral view, and (N) inner lateral view. Scale bar = 5 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233052/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7</figureCitation>
A-C, 7G-H, 7K-L, 
<tableCitation id="F359D3B93835FF920267FF3FFC57FC86" box="[844,934,195,222]" captionStart="Table 7" captionStartId="15.[151,216,769,793]" captionText="Table 7. Body and cranial measurements (mm) of Novaya Zemlya and Norwegian lemmings." pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Table 7</tableCitation>
). Body weight 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF920576FF3FFB62FC86" box="[1117,1171,195,222]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="g" value="74.0">74 g</quantity>
; body length 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF920418FF3FFA66FC86" box="[1331,1431,195,222]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
, tail 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF9201EFFF19FEEAFD58" box="[196,283,229,256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
. Length of hind foot 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF920338FF19FD98FD58" box="[531,617,229,256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
. Length of upper molar row 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF920290FF19FBE9FD58" box="[955,1048,229,256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="8.5">8.5 mm</quantity>
, lower molar row 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF9205DBFF19FABCFD58" box="[1264,1357,229,256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="8.3">8.3 mm</quantity>
. Color of dorsal surface grayish yellow, with an unclear longitudinal black stripe in anterior part from neck to nose. Cheeks dark gray, nose brownish gray. Ventral surface light-colored, creamy-yellow. Tail creamy. Vibrissae up to 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF9201C9FEB6FEC6FD3D" box="[226,311,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
long, black with yellow apex. Rostrum shorter than 2/3 greatest skull length; nasals do not proceed beyond the frontal edge of the incisors, rear edge rounded; gnathic process not pronounced; premaxilla rounded. Lacrimals with small ledge on the back side. Zygomatic arches parallel, jugal bone broad. Zygomatic plate broad, with slightly concave frontal margin. Zygomatic notch shallow. Nasolacrimal foramen with irregular shape, broad. Interorbital region narrow. Braincase region broad, almost square, with concavities behind the zygomatic arches. Lambdoidal ridge well developed. Postglenoid foramen elongated. Diastema long, concave; incisive foramina long and narrow. Mesopterygoid fossa broad, biconcave; parapterygoid fossa large; auditory bulla large, drop-shaped. Lower jaw large, angular process, condylar process и coronoid process large, well developed. Maxillary incisors yellowish-orange. 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9205C7FDA4FEE8FECD" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Morphological variability.</emphasis>
Mean body length of the type specimens (±s.e.m.) 110.9± 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF9202F9FD86FBCAFECD" box="[978,1083,634,661]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.96" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="19.6">19.6 mm</quantity>
(min- max = 
<quantity id="79234BE73835FF9205F1FD86FA96FECD" box="[1242,1383,634,661]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" unit="mm" value="122.5" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="85.0">85-160 mm</quantity>
; 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF92045FFD87FA72FECC" box="[1396,1411,635,660]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">n</emphasis>
= 21). Color of dorsal surface grayish yellow in adults to reddish in juveniles, with an unclear longitudinal black stripe (
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF920004FD41FE7FFE80" box="[303,398,701,728]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="13.[151,226,1963,1987]" captionTargetBox="[307,1268,684,1945]" captionTargetId="figure-226@13.[297,1289,674,1945]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal view of lemming specimens: (A) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) [holotype RMBH Lem005], and (B) Norwegian Lemming (L. lemmus lemmus) [RMBH Lem040, Kola Peninsula]. Scale bar = 10 mm. (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233048/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAA4B68A3835FF9201BCFCFDFB70FF40" box="[151,1153,768,793]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" startId="15.[151,216,769,793]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF9201BCFCFDFB70FF40" blockId="15.[151,1153,768,793]" box="[151,1153,768,793]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9201BCFCFDFF03FF41" bold="true" box="[151,242,769,793]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Table 7.</emphasis>
Body and cranial measurements (mm) of Novaya Zemlya and Norwegian lemmings.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF92005BFCD2FEEEFA18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<table id="CCDB14A23835006201BCFCD2FA68FA18" box="[151,1433,814,1600]" gridcols="10" gridrows="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFCD2FA68FF1A" box="[151,1433,814,834]" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="433A8D3C38350062005BFCD2FC42FF1A" box="[368,947,814,834]" colspan="5" colspanRight="4" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813835FF92005BFCD2FDA9FF19" authorityName="Spitsyn &amp; Bolotov &amp; Kondakov &amp; Klass &amp; Mizin &amp; Tomilova &amp; Zubrii &amp; Gofarov" authorityYear="2021" box="[368,600,814,833]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="chernovi">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF92005BFCD2FDA9FF19" bold="true" box="[368,600,814,833]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Lemmus lemmus chernovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="979C876B3835FF920375FCD3FD5BFF1A" box="[606,682,815,834]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" rank="subSpecies">ssp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920384FCD2FC42FF19" bold="true" box="[687,947,814,833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">(Novaya Zemlya, type series,</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FCD2FA68FF1A" box="[986,1433,814,834]" colspan="4" colspanRight="3" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9202F1FCD3FA68FF1A" bold="true" box="[986,1433,815,834]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813835FF9202F1FCD3FB4AFF1A" authorityName="FJ" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[986,1211,815,834]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="lemmus" subSpecies="lemmus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9202F1FCD3FB4AFF1A" bold="true" box="[986,1211,815,834]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Lemmus lemmus lemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kola Peninsula, adults,
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFCB7FA68FFCF" box="[151,1433,843,919]" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFCB7FEB9FFCF" box="[151,328,843,919]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920196FCA5FED6FF34" bold="true" box="[189,295,857,876]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Parameters</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFCB7FE39FFCF" box="[368,456,843,919]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF92005EFC9BFE32FFCF" bold="true" box="[373,456,871,919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Holotype Lem005</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFCB7FD3EFFCF" box="[501,719,843,919]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF92037FFCB7FD4CFFCF" bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
adults, 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9203BCFCB7FD57FF06" bold="true" box="[663,678,843,862]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">N</emphasis>
= 4) Paratype Paratype Lem028 Lem019
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFCB7FCCBFFCF" box="[743,826,843,919]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9203CCFC9BFCC7FFCF" bold="true" box="[743,826,871,919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Paratype Lem029</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFCB7FC42FFCF" box="[869,947,843,919]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920243FC9BFC55FFCF" bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Mean ± s.e.m.</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FCB7FBD8FFCF" box="[986,1065,843,919]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9202CBFC89FBD8FFD0" bold="true" box="[992,1065,885,904]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Lem036</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFCB7FAEBFFCF" box="[1111,1306,843,919]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9205B5FCB7FAEBFFD0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">N = 3) Lem035 Lem038</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FCB7FA68FFCF" box="[1352,1433,843,919]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920460FC9BFA76FFCF" bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Mean ± s.e.m.</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFC5FFA68FFEF" box="[151,1433,931,951]" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFC5FFEB9FFEF" box="[151,328,931,951]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Body length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFC5FFE39FFEF" box="[368,456,931,951]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">130</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFC5FFDC3FFEF" box="[501,562,931,951]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">125</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFC5FFD3EFFEF" box="[645,719,931,951]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">145</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFC5FFCCBFFEF" box="[743,826,931,951]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">125</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFC5FFC42FFEF" box="[869,947,931,951]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">131±5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FC5FFBD8FFEF" box="[986,1065,931,951]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">100</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFC5FFB7EFFEF" box="[1111,1167,931,951]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">110</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FC5FFAEBFFEF" box="[1250,1306,931,951]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">110</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FC5FFA68FFEF" box="[1352,1433,931,951]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">107±3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFC43FA68FF8B" box="[151,1433,959,979]" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFC43FEB9FF8B" box="[151,328,959,979]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Tail length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFC43FE39FF8B" box="[368,456,959,979]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">13</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFC43FDC3FF8B" box="[501,562,959,979]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">12</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFC43FD3EFF8B" box="[645,719,959,979]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFC43FCCBFF8B" box="[743,826,959,979]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">13</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFC43FC42FF8B" box="[869,947,959,979]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">13.3±0.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FC43FBD8FF8B" box="[986,1065,959,979]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFC43FB7EFF8B" box="[1111,1167,959,979]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">12</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FC43FAEBFF8B" box="[1250,1306,959,979]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">12</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FC43FA68FF8B" box="[1352,1433,959,979]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.7±0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFC20FA68FFA8" box="[151,1433,988,1008]" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFC20FEB9FFA8" box="[151,328,988,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Hind foot length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFC20FE39FFA8" box="[368,456,988,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFC20FDC3FFA8" box="[501,562,988,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFC20FD3EFFA8" box="[645,719,988,1008]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">16</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFC20FCCBFFA8" box="[743,826,988,1008]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFC20FC42FFA8" box="[869,947,988,1008]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15.0±0.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FC20FBD8FFA8" box="[986,1065,988,1008]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFC20FB7EFFA8" box="[1111,1167,988,1008]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">16</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FC20FAEBFFA8" box="[1250,1306,988,1008]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FC20FA68FFA8" box="[1352,1433,988,1008]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15.0±0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFC04FA68F854" box="[151,1433,1016,1036]" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFC04FEB9F854" box="[151,328,1016,1036]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Greatest skull length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFC04FE39F854" box="[368,456,1016,1036]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">31.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFC04FDC3F854" box="[501,562,1016,1036]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">31.7</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFC04FD3EF854" box="[645,719,1016,1036]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">32.7</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFC04FCCBF854" box="[743,826,1016,1036]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">30.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFC04FC42F854" box="[869,947,1016,1036]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">31.6±0.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FC04FBD8F854" box="[986,1065,1016,1036]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">25.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFC04FB7EF854" box="[1111,1167,1016,1036]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">27.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FC04FAEBF854" box="[1250,1306,1016,1036]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">27.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FC04FA68F854" box="[1352,1433,1016,1036]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">26.5±0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFBE8FA68F870" box="[151,1433,1044,1064]" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFBE8FEB9F870" box="[151,328,1044,1064]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Interorbital breadth</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFBE8FE39F870" box="[368,456,1044,1064]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFBE8FDC3F870" box="[501,562,1044,1064]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFBE8FD3EF870" box="[645,719,1044,1064]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">N/A</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFBE8FCCBF870" box="[743,826,1044,1064]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFBE8FC42F870" box="[869,947,1044,1064]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.1±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FBE8FBD8F870" box="[986,1065,1044,1064]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFBE8FB7EF870" box="[1111,1167,1044,1064]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FBE8FAEBF870" box="[1250,1306,1044,1064]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FBE8FA68F870" box="[1352,1433,1044,1064]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.1±0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFBCCFA68F81C" box="[151,1433,1072,1092]" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFBCCFEB9F81C" box="[151,328,1072,1092]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Zygomatic breadth</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFBCCFE39F81C" box="[368,456,1072,1092]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">21.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFBCCFDC3F81C" box="[501,562,1072,1092]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">21.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFBCCFD3EF81C" box="[645,719,1072,1092]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">23.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFBCCFCCBF81C" box="[743,826,1072,1092]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">21.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFBCCFC42F81C" box="[869,947,1072,1092]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">22.0±0.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FBCCFBD8F81C" box="[986,1065,1072,1092]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">18.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFBCCFB7EF81C" box="[1111,1167,1072,1092]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">19.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FBCCFAEBF81C" box="[1250,1306,1072,1092]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">18.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FBCCFA68F81C" box="[1352,1433,1072,1092]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">18.7±0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFBB0FA68F838" box="[151,1433,1100,1120]" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFBB0FEB9F838" box="[151,328,1100,1120]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Length of rostrum</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFBB0FE39F838" box="[368,456,1100,1120]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.7</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFBB0FDC3F838" box="[501,562,1100,1120]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.7</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFBB0FD3EF838" box="[645,719,1100,1120]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFBB0FCCBF838" box="[743,826,1100,1120]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFBB0FC42F838" box="[869,947,1100,1120]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.8±0.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FBB0FBD8F838" box="[986,1065,1100,1120]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">N/A</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFBB0FB7EF838" box="[1111,1167,1100,1120]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FBB0FAEBF838" box="[1250,1306,1100,1120]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FBB0FA68F838" box="[1352,1433,1100,1120]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.1±0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB95FA68F825" box="[151,1433,1129,1149]" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB95FEB9F825" box="[151,328,1129,1149]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Breadth of rostrum</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFB95FE39F825" box="[368,456,1129,1149]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFB95FDC3F825" box="[501,562,1129,1149]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFB95FD3EF825" box="[645,719,1129,1149]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFB95FCCBF825" box="[743,826,1129,1149]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFB95FC42F825" box="[869,947,1129,1149]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.6±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FB95FBD8F825" box="[986,1065,1129,1149]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFB95FB7EF825" box="[1111,1167,1129,1149]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FB95FAEBF825" box="[1250,1306,1129,1149]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FB95FA68F825" box="[1352,1433,1129,1149]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.5±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB79FA68F8C1" box="[151,1433,1157,1177]" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB79FEB9F8C1" box="[151,328,1157,1177]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Breadth of braincase</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFB79FE39F8C1" box="[368,456,1157,1177]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">16.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFB79FDC3F8C1" box="[501,562,1157,1177]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFB79FD3EF8C1" box="[645,719,1157,1177]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">16.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFB79FCCBF8C1" box="[743,826,1157,1177]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFB79FC42F8C1" box="[869,947,1157,1177]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">15.6±0.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FB79FBD8F8C1" box="[986,1065,1157,1177]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFB79FB7EF8C1" box="[1111,1167,1157,1177]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FB79FAEBF8C1" box="[1250,1306,1157,1177]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FB79FA68F8C1" box="[1352,1433,1157,1177]" gridcol="9" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">14.1±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB5DFA68F8ED" box="[151,1433,1185,1205]" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB5DFEB9F8ED" box="[151,328,1185,1205]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Height of braincase</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFB5DFE39F8ED" box="[368,456,1185,1205]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">10.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFB5DFDC3F8ED" box="[501,562,1185,1205]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">10.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFB5DFD3EF8ED" box="[645,719,1185,1205]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFB5DFCCBF8ED" box="[743,826,1185,1205]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">10.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFB5DFC42F8ED" box="[869,947,1185,1205]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">10.6±0.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FB5DFBD8F8ED" box="[986,1065,1185,1205]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFB5DFB7EF8ED" box="[1111,1167,1185,1205]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FB5DFAEBF8ED" box="[1250,1306,1185,1205]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FB5DFA68F8ED" box="[1352,1433,1185,1205]" gridcol="9" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.4±0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB41FA68F889" box="[151,1433,1213,1233]" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB41FEB9F889" box="[151,328,1213,1233]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Length of diastema</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFB41FE39F889" box="[368,456,1213,1233]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFB41FDC3F889" box="[501,562,1213,1233]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFB41FD3EF889" box="[645,719,1213,1233]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFB41FCCBF889" box="[743,826,1213,1233]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">10.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFB41FC42F889" box="[869,947,1213,1233]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">11.1±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FB41FBD8F889" box="[986,1065,1213,1233]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFB41FB7EF889" box="[1111,1167,1213,1233]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FB41FAEBF889" box="[1250,1306,1213,1233]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FB41FA68F889" box="[1352,1433,1213,1233]" gridcol="9" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.4±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB25FA68F8B5" box="[151,1433,1241,1261]" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB25FEB9F8B5" box="[151,328,1241,1261]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Length of incisive</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFB25FE39F8B5" box="[368,456,1241,1261]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFB25FDC3F8B5" box="[501,562,1241,1261]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFB25FD3EF8B5" box="[645,719,1241,1261]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFB25FCCBF8B5" box="[743,826,1241,1261]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFB25FC42F8B5" box="[869,947,1241,1261]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.4±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FB25FBD8F8B5" box="[986,1065,1241,1261]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFB25FB7EF8B5" box="[1111,1167,1241,1261]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FB25FAEBF8B5" box="[1250,1306,1241,1261]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">6.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FB25FA68F8B5" box="[1352,1433,1241,1261]" gridcol="9" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">5.8±0.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFB09FA68F951" box="[151,1433,1269,1289]" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFB09FA68F951" box="[151,1433,1269,1289]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">foramina</th>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFAEEFA68F97E" box="[151,1433,1298,1318]" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFAEEFEB9F97E" box="[151,328,1298,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Breadth of incisive</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFAEEFE39F97E" box="[368,456,1298,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFAEEFDC3F97E" box="[501,562,1298,1318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFAEEFD3EF97E" box="[645,719,1298,1318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFAEEFCCBF97E" box="[743,826,1298,1318]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFAEEFC42F97E" box="[869,947,1298,1318]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.4±0.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FAEEFBD8F97E" box="[986,1065,1298,1318]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFAEEFB7EF97E" box="[1111,1167,1298,1318]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FAEEFAEBF97E" box="[1250,1306,1298,1318]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FAEEFA68F97E" box="[1352,1433,1298,1318]" gridcol="9" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">1.1±0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFAD2FA68F91A" box="[151,1433,1326,1346]" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFAD2FA68F91A" box="[151,1433,1326,1346]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">foramina</th>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFAB6FA68F906" box="[151,1433,1354,1374]" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFAB6FEB9F906" box="[151,328,1354,1374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Palatal length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFAB6FE39F906" box="[368,456,1354,1374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFAB6FDC3F906" box="[501,562,1354,1374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFAB6FD3EF906" box="[645,719,1354,1374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFAB6FCCBF906" box="[743,826,1354,1374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFAB6FC42F906" box="[869,947,1354,1374]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.8±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FAB6FBD8F906" box="[986,1065,1354,1374]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFAB6FB7EF906" box="[1111,1167,1354,1374]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FAB6FAEBF906" box="[1250,1306,1354,1374]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FAB6FA68F906" box="[1352,1433,1354,1374]" gridcol="9" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.7±0.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA9AFA68F922" box="[151,1433,1382,1402]" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA9AFEB9F922" box="[151,328,1382,1402]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Postpalatal length</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFA9AFE39F922" box="[368,456,1382,1402]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFA9AFDC3F922" box="[501,562,1382,1402]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFA9AFD3EF922" box="[645,719,1382,1402]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.7</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFA9AFCCBF922" box="[743,826,1382,1402]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.8</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFA9AFC42F922" box="[869,947,1382,1402]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.2±0.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FA9AFBD8F922" box="[986,1065,1382,1402]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFA9AFB7EF922" box="[1111,1167,1382,1402]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FA9AFAEBF922" box="[1250,1306,1382,1402]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FA9AFA68F922" box="[1352,1433,1382,1402]" gridcol="9" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.6±0.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA7FFA68F9CF" box="[151,1433,1411,1431]" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA7FFEB9F9CF" box="[151,328,1411,1431]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Breadth of</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFA7FFE39F9CF" box="[368,456,1411,1431]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">3.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFA7FFDC3F9CF" box="[501,562,1411,1431]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFA7FFD3EF9CF" box="[645,719,1411,1431]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFA7FFCCBF9CF" box="[743,826,1411,1431]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFA7FFC42F9CF" box="[869,947,1411,1431]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.3±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FA7FFBD8F9CF" box="[986,1065,1411,1431]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFA7FFB7EF9CF" box="[1111,1167,1411,1431]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FA7FFAEBF9CF" box="[1250,1306,1411,1431]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FA7FFA68F9CF" box="[1352,1433,1411,1431]" gridcol="9" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">4.2±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA63FA68F9EB" box="[151,1433,1439,1459]" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA63FA68F9EB" box="[151,1433,1439,1459]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">mesopterygoid fossa</th>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA47FA68F997" box="[151,1433,1467,1487]" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA47FEB9F997" box="[151,328,1467,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Length of bulla</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFA47FE39F997" box="[368,456,1467,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFA47FDC3F997" box="[501,562,1467,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFA47FD3EF997" box="[645,719,1467,1487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFA47FCCBF997" box="[743,826,1467,1487]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFA47FC42F997" box="[869,947,1467,1487]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">9.3±0.4</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FA47FBD8F997" box="[986,1065,1467,1487]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFA47FB7EF997" box="[1111,1167,1467,1487]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FA47FAEBF997" box="[1250,1306,1467,1487]" gridcol="8" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FA47FA68F997" box="[1352,1433,1467,1487]" gridcol="9" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.9±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA2BFA68F9B3" box="[151,1433,1495,1515]" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA2BFEB9F9B3" box="[151,328,1495,1515]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Crown length of</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BFA2BFE39F9B3" box="[368,456,1495,1515]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEFA2BFDC3F9B3" box="[501,562,1495,1515]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.6</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEFA2BFD3EF9B3" box="[645,719,1495,1515]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCFA2BFCCBF9B3" box="[743,826,1495,1515]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EFA2BFC42F9B3" box="[869,947,1495,1515]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.6±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1FA2BFBD8F9B3" box="[986,1065,1495,1515]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CFA2BFB7EF9B3" box="[1111,1167,1495,1515]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9FA2BFAEBF9B3" box="[1250,1306,1495,1515]" gridcol="8" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.2</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463FA2BFA68F9B3" box="[1352,1433,1495,1515]" gridcol="9" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.2±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCFA08FA68FA50" box="[151,1433,1524,1544]" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCFA08FA68FA50" box="[151,1433,1524,1544]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">maxillary molar row</th>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCF9ECFA68FA7C" box="[151,1433,1552,1572]" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCF9ECFEB9FA7C" box="[151,328,1552,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Crown length of</th>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062005BF9ECFE39FA7C" box="[368,456,1552,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.3</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006200DEF9ECFDC3FA7C" box="[501,562,1552,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203AEF9ECFD3EFA7C" box="[645,719,1552,1572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.5</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006203CCF9ECFCCBFA7C" box="[743,826,1552,1572]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.9</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062024EF9ECFC42FA7C" box="[869,947,1552,1572]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">8.2±0.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006202F1F9ECFBD8FA7C" box="[986,1065,1552,1572]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C38350062057CF9ECFB7EFA7C" box="[1111,1167,1552,1572]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.0</td>
<td id="433A8D3C3835006205C9F9ECFAEBFA7C" box="[1250,1306,1552,1572]" gridcol="8" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.1</td>
<td id="433A8D3C383500620463F9ECFA68FA7C" box="[1352,1433,1552,1572]" gridcol="9" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">7.0±0.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="00EBE4403835006201BCF9D0FA68FA18" box="[151,1433,1580,1600]" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
<th id="433A8D3C3835006201BCF9D0FA68FA18" box="[151,1433,1580,1600]" colspan="10" colspanRight="9" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">mandibular row</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF9201DDF972FEF0FAB5" blockId="15.[151,1437,1678,2042]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Etymology: This subspecies is named in memory of the late Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Yury I. Chernov (1934-2012), a prominent Russian zoologist, biogeographer, and Arctic explorer.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF9201DDF90FFD0BFB0A" blockId="15.[151,1437,1678,2042]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
Distribution and habitat: This subspecies is endemic to the Southern Island of Novaya Zemlya, while its reliable records from the Northern Island of this archipelago are unknown (
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF920562F8E9FB59FB68" box="[1097,1192,1813,1840]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="7.[151,226,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,201,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-12@7.[151,1435,189,1788]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 1. Ranges and habitats of the true lemmings (Lemmus). (A) Distribution map of Lemmus taxa. Ranges were digitized based on published data and our records (Table 1). Red circles indicate sampling localities of Novaya Zemlya Lemming (L. lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.): 1 – Malye Karmakuly Polar Station (type locality), 2 – Bezymyannaya Bay (Table 1). The topographic base of the map was created with Natural Earth Free Vector and Raster Map Data (www.naturalearthdata.com). The map was created using ESRI ArcGIS 10 software (www.esri.com/arcgis). (B, C, D) Habitats of Lemmus taxa: (B) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (type locality, Novaya Zemlya), (C) Norwegian Lemming (Kola Peninsula), and (D) Siberian Lemming (Taimyr Peninsula). (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn [B, C] and Natalia A. Zubrii [D])" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233034/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). It inhabits a broad range of meadow-like (
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF920083F8CBFDF3FB0A" box="[424,514,1847,1874]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="7.[151,226,1807,1831]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,201,1785]" captionTargetId="figure-12@7.[151,1435,189,1788]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 1. Ranges and habitats of the true lemmings (Lemmus). (A) Distribution map of Lemmus taxa. Ranges were digitized based on published data and our records (Table 1). Red circles indicate sampling localities of Novaya Zemlya Lemming (L. lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.): 1 – Malye Karmakuly Polar Station (type locality), 2 – Bezymyannaya Bay (Table 1). The topographic base of the map was created with Natural Earth Free Vector and Raster Map Data (www.naturalearthdata.com). The map was created using ESRI ArcGIS 10 software (www.esri.com/arcgis). (B, C, D) Habitats of Lemmus taxa: (B) Novaya Zemlya Lemming (type locality, Novaya Zemlya), (C) Norwegian Lemming (Kola Peninsula), and (D) Siberian Lemming (Taimyr Peninsula). (Photos: Vitaly M. Spitsyn [B, C] and Natalia A. Zubrii [D])" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233034/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
) and tundra habitats.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE64E6023835FF9201DDF8A5FE00FBA2" blockId="15.[151,1437,1678,2042]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">
Comments: The species delimitation modeling (
<figureCitation id="26E0FA873835FF92027EF8A5FC54FB2C" box="[853,933,1881,1908]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="8.[151,226,1539,1563]" captionTargetBox="[190,1394,201,1506]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[178,1409,189,1521]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum likelihood (IQ-TREE) phylogeny of Lemmus taxa based on the cytb gene haplotypes. The Novaya Zemlya Lemming (Lemmus lemmus chernovi ssp. nov.) is colored red. The numbers near nodes are ultrafast bootstrap support values/Bayesian posterior probabilities. The red asterisks indicate the putative species-level clades supported by bPTP and sPTP species-delimitation models. The scale bar indicates the branch length. Outgroup taxa (Dicrostonyx torquatus, D. hudsonius, Synaptomys cooperi, and Myopus schisticolor) are not shown." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13233038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13233038/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) suggests that 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813835FF920545F8A6FACAFB2C" box="[1134,1339,1881,1908]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lemmus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920545F8A6FACAFB2C" box="[1134,1339,1881,1908]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Lemmus lemmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="79DB9D813835FF9204AEF8A6FF0DFBCD" authorityName="FJ" baseAuthorityName="Kerr" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Lemmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sibiricus">
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF9204AEF8A6FF0DFBCD" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">L. sibiricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may belong to one polymorphic species, although molecular distances between these taxa correspond to an interspecific difference (
<tableCitation id="F359D3B93835FF9203A9F860FD18FBEF" box="[642,745,1948,1975]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="6.[151,216,1477,1501]" captionText="Table 4. Genetic divergences (mean uncorrected p-distances, %) between Lemmus taxa (L. lemmus and L. amurensis species complexes) based on sequences of the mitochondrial cytb (below diagonal) and COI (above diagonal) genes." pageId="15" pageNumber="108">Tables 4</tableCitation>
-5) supporting the modern concept of two young allopatric species (
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Lagerholm 
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2014
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, 
<bibRefCitation id="DA4A9BF33835FF92030EF842FD92FB81" author="Lagerholm, V. K. &amp; Noren, K. &amp; Ehrich, D. &amp; Ims, R. A. &amp; Killengreen, S. T. &amp; Abramson, N. I. &amp; Niemimaa, J. &amp; Angerbjorn, A. &amp; Henttonen, H. &amp; Dalen, L." box="[549,611,1982,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref13305" refString="Lagerholm, V. K., Noren, K., Ehrich, D., Ims, R. A., Killengreen, S. T., Abramson, N. I., Niemimaa, J., Angerbjorn, A., Henttonen, H. &amp; Dalen, L. (2017) Run to the hills: gene flow among mountain areas leads to low genetic differentiation in the Norwegian lemming. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 121 (1), 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / biolinnean / blw 020" type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="DA4A9BF33835FF92035FF842FC4FFB81" author="Abramson, N. I. &amp; Petrova, T. V." box="[628,958,1982,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" pagination="465 - 477" refId="ref11115" refString="Abramson, N. I. &amp; Petrova, T. V. (2018) Genetic analysis of type material of the Amur lemming resolves nomenclature issues and creates challenges for the taxonomy of true lemmings (Lemmus, Rodentia: Cricetidae) in the eastern Palearctic. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 182 (2), 465 - 477. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlx 044" type="journal article" year="2018">Abramson &amp; Petrova 2018</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="DA4A9BF33835FF9202E5F842FB1CFB81" author="Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M." box="[974,1261,1982,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="108" refId="ref15210" refString="Wilson, D. E. &amp; Reeder, D. M. (Eds.) (2005) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, 2142 pp." type="book" year="2005">Wilson &amp; Reeder 2005</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="DA4A9BF33835FF9205D6F842FF27FBA2" author="Wilson, D. E. &amp; Lacher, T. E. &amp; Mittermeier, R. A." pageId="15" pageNumber="108" refId="ref15159" refString="Wilson, D. E., Lacher, T. E. &amp; Mittermeier, R. A. (Eds.) (2017) Handbook of the Mammals of the World (Vol. 7. Rodents II). Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 1008 pp." type="book" year="2017">
Wilson 
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; Abramson 
<emphasis id="8CAF3A103835FF920048F81DFE6FFBA2" box="[355,414,2015,2042]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="108">et al.</emphasis>
2018).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>