425 lines
55 KiB
XML
425 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="27070DA529F316475887E69D1BC84130" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5300910" ID-ISSN="0374-1036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300910" ID-ZooBank="DFE32AFF-D5DA-4837-A921-8CCBE944AA13F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630098196728" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Ssymank, Axel & Mengual, Ximo" docDate="2014" docId="03C18317FFBC736A0EDCFB3570139A05" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2014.54.2.759-772.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF.10:ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="E9BE312A6EDF9B84FC5211AAA80D80BF" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2005-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Paragus caligneus Ssymank & Mengual 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="767" masterDocId="FFF8FB6FFFBF73620F19FFAE74759E57" masterDocTitle="Paragus caligneus sp. nov., a new Afrotropical species of flower fly (Diptera: Syrphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="772" masterPageNumber="759" pageNumber="762" updateTime="1699144561971" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods id="193053CA8CEA203C6DF1AA368D0865C2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="31D2D84E29F2CA0EE2FD284D8855CDDE">
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<mods:title id="2317F0A7D2BA3018846C85E181CEBFA6">Paragus caligneus sp. nov., a new Afrotropical species of flower fly (Diptera: Syrphidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9E9796B0D63851EB3CF6FD3234C828DB" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="763C1C12D333E126021BD776FA4E459F">
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<mods:roleTerm id="87A3C5095D18D15E6FE7178A3E1CB202">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="03A53E5888CB379FF3D1037EA7558C13">Ssymank, Axel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8AC7D85BD03C8865821BD5233764905D">Falkenweg 6, 53343 Wachtberg, Germany; e-mail: ssymanka @ t-online. de</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2699EF85FCE38B111461FBF9B6C8A712" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C11F6AC44AB205EA038703AC44759D4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="040C120E7B2420D49050F2332D1E9E5E">Mengual, Ximo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="04D1EFD6C9E285028AF0E9A27EE657B2">Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz-Institut für Biodiversität der Tiere, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113 Bonn, Germany; e-mail: x. mengual @ zfmk. de</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FAD4B31FCB5636319C1212132EF95CF3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="45E2B5F1530C5C5C48E3FB8FA673AFDE">
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<mods:title id="65C38B2CC99DD1AD365AC27F97043B64">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1CAE185D22300D40D11683D5D074B4CF">
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<mods:date id="3F49148C76A2BACA538F423BB2936ABC">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="8CD6EF306325FB387AB92433388DFC6C" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="EDE5C8AEBA6184CD717C4B6B866284CF">2014-12-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="7C437C5ABB9F0B66B3CF093C9E730988" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="1996D3C3346E437F3D770220686ED78C">54</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="C18C713ED0CBD2CDF3FF6C4860023B52" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="D394FDFD9DBB4972FE6E37B0D7250ECA">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="4779AE316BD1CF31A8BC985FB4D9EB8C" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="1F593BF65025882084261DA7FEB06BE4">759</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="70CF1011FBA3D4BAB0D33B89488BC9CA">772</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="0E5A6DBC01CA7953A068EDAC5B4A56D3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="313F1D06712869572C7FE5780065BCAF" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5300910</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="837D3D8751436AC98F2B8741E5B1B1CF" type="ISSN">0374-1036</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9096A16AB2B306EEA6E7D4A4F9C1D231" type="Zenodo-Dep">5300910</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F3394F0EFF9E4523F2AC446E76A4987A" type="ZooBank">DFE32AFF-D5DA-4837-A921-8CCBE944AA13F</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03C18317FFBC736A0EDCFB3570139A05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C18317FFBC736A0EDCFB3570139A05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18317FFBC736A0EDCFB3570139A05" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="767" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<subSubSection id="C372618AFFBC73610EDCFB3576989AE5" box="[453,749,1178,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBC73610EDCFB3576989AE5" blockId="3.[453,749,1178,1202]" box="[453,749,1178,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<heading id="D09F856DFFBC73610EDCFB3576989AE5" bold="true" box="[453,749,1178,1202]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610EDCFB3576989AE5" bold="true" box="[453,749,1178,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBC73610EDCFB3576E49AE5" ID-CoL="9HJR3" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[453,657,1178,1202]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610EDCFB3576E49AE5" bold="true" box="[453,657,1178,1202]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFBC73610D81FB3576989AE5" box="[664,749,1179,1202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C372618AFFBC73610D1EFB1776DF9A9B" box="[519,682,1209,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBC73610D1EFB1776DF9A9B" blockId="3.[519,682,1209,1228]" box="[519,682,1209,1228]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFBC73610D14FB1776109A9B" box="[525,613,1209,1228]" captionStart-0="Figs 1–9" captionStart-1="Figs 10–17. 10–13" captionStartId-0="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionStartId-1="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox-0="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetBox-1="[172,1032,230,1446]" captionTargetId-0="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@5.[158,1044,222,1452]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." captionText-1="Figs 10–17. 10–13 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov.; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Figs 1–13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13532E84FFBC73610D77FB1776D19A9B" box="[622,676,1209,1228]" captionStart="Figs 18–22. 18–20" captionStartId="7.[112,149,1126,1145]" captionTargetBox="[180,1019,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[178,1024,219,1109]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 18–22. 18–20 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov., male genitalia. 18 – ventral view; 19 – dorsal view; 20 – lateral view. Fig. 21. Paragus caligneus sp. nov., posterior margin of sternum 4. 22 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842, surstylus in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300916/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">18–21</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFBC73610F68FB4D70379B36" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBC73610F68FB4D706A9AA1" blockId="3.[113,1090,1250,1377]" box="[113,1055,1250,1272]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610F68FB4D749F9AA1" bold="true" box="[113,234,1251,1270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFBC73610F68FB4D74EB9AA1" box="[113,158,1251,1270]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="F37F7291FFBC73610FF6FB4D755F9AA1" box="[239,298,1251,1270]" name="Gabon" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Gabon</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49ACFCE3FFBC73610E2AFB4D75CD9AA1" box="[307,440,1251,1270]" country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Ivindo" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Ogooué-Ivindo</collectingRegion>
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, Ivindo National Park, Makokou,
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<quantity id="4C909FE4FFBC73610DC3FB4D77659AA1" box="[730,784,1251,1270]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" unit="m" value="518.0">518 m</quantity>
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a.s.l., 00°30މ44ފN, 12°46މ12ފE.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBC73610F68FB5070379B36" blockId="3.[113,1090,1250,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610F68FB5074869B46" bold="true" box="[113,243,1278,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Type material.</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B00385CFFBC73610FEFFB5075AE9B11" collectingDate="2012-09-16" collectingDateMax="2012-09-19" collectingDateMin="2012-09-16" collectionCode="ZFMK" collectorName="Ralph Peters" country="Gabon" elevation="518" latitude="0.51222223" location="Makokou" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="12.7699995" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFBC73610FEFFB50753D9B58" box="[246,328,1278,1297]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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: J, “
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C54C6FFBC73610E6DFB5075AF9B46" box="[372,474,1278,1297]" degrees="00" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" precision="15" seconds="44" value="0.51222223">00°30’44”N</geoCoordinate>
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||
//
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C54C6FFBC73610EF7FB5076279B46" box="[494,594,1278,1297]" degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" precision="15" seconds="12" value="12.7699995">12°46’12”E</geoCoordinate>
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//
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||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7291FFBC73610D7FFB5076C19B46" box="[614,692,1278,1297]" name="Gabon" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">GABON</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="49ACFCE3FFBC73610DA3FB50774F9B46" box="[698,826,1278,1297]" country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Ivindo" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Ogooué-Ivindo</collectingRegion>
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||
// Ivindo NP,
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<location id="8EB764DAFFBC73610CB3FB50778E9B46" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C18317FFBC736A0EDCFB3570139A05:8EB764DAFFBC73610CB3FB50778E9B46" box="[938,1019,1278,1297]" country="Gabon" latitude="0.51222223" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="12.7699995" name="Makokou" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo">Makokou</location>
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(
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||
<quantity id="4C909FE4FFBC73610B1CFB50704E9B46" box="[1029,1083,1278,1297]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" unit="m" value="518.0">
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<elevation id="0045D532FFBC73610B1CFB50704E9B46" box="[1029,1083,1278,1297]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.18" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" unit="m" value="518.0">518 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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) //
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||
<date id="FFD614C1FFBC73610F98FAB675759B7C" box="[129,256,1304,1323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" value="2012-09-16" valueMax="2012-09-19" valueMin="2012-09-16">
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<collectingDate id="EF92ED29FFBC73610F98FAB675759B7C" box="[129,256,1304,1323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" value="2012-09-16" valueMax="2012-09-19" valueMin="2012-09-16">16-19.IX.2012</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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,Am Ivindo // nahe Station (Malaisetrap 4) // leg.
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<collectorName id="269D57D7FFBC73610D85FAB6777D9B7C" box="[668,776,1304,1323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Ralph Peters</collectorName>
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||
” “
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||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFBC73610C04FAB677FA9B7C" box="[797,911,1304,1323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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||
//
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<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBC73610CBBFAB675569B11" authority="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610CBBFAB675569B11" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Paragus caligneus Ssymank & Mengual</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
[red label]” [
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<collectionCode id="ED79AAC4FFBC73610E8DFA9D75A39B11" box="[404,470,1331,1350]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="Museum">ZFMK</collectionCode>
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||
]
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFBC73610EFAFA9D76479B13" box="[483,562,1331,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
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||
:
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||
<specimenCount id="9D6EF988FFBC73610D27FA9E76399B10" box="[574,588,1328,1351]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
, “Central African Republic //
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||
<quantity id="4C909FE4FFBC73610C57FA9D77F19B11" box="[846,900,1331,1350]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" unit="km" value="95.0">95 km</quantity>
|
||
SW Sibut //
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C54C6FFBC73610CE8FA9D70489B11" box="[1009,1085,1331,1350]" degrees="05" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" precision="925" value="5.2">05°12’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5C54C6FFBC73610F68FAE074CC9B36" box="[113,185,1358,1377]" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" precision="925" value="18.416666">18°25’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
// J. Halada //
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||
<date id="FFD614C1FFBC73610E28FAE075FE9B36" box="[305,395,1358,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" value="2009-05-24">24.V.2009</date>
|
||
”, “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFBC73610EBDFAE0767A9B36" box="[420,527,1358,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
//
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBC73610D3DFAE077029B36" authority="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[548,887,1358,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610D3DFAE077029B36" box="[548,887,1358,1377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Paragus caligneus Ssymank & Mengual</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[yellow label] [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED79AAC4FFBC73610CE5FAE0704C9B36" box="[1020,1081,1358,1377]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">CZUP</collectionCode>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFBC73640F68FAD775799844" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="765" pageId="3" pageNumber="762" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBC73640F68FAD777C59FC4" blockId="3.[113,1089,1399,1584]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="765" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
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||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610F68FAD7754E9BC7" bold="true" box="[113,315,1400,1424]" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610FE4FAD675419BC7" bold="true" box="[253,308,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Male</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBC73610E26FAD7750D9BC7" box="[319,376,1401,1424]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFBC73610E9DFAD775B69BC7" box="[388,451,1401,1424]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="762">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
í3, 6, 10í13). Eye with two vertical vittae of white pile among short dark pile. Eye contiguity ca. 1/3 of length of vertical triangle.A patch of enlarged ommatidia in front of vertical triangle on both sides of eye contiguity. Angle of eye approximation ca. 90°. Vertical triangle polished black with a small whitish pollinosity anterior to anterior ocellus, otherwise short black pilose. Occiput with whitish pile on ventral 1/2, darker above with only black pile on dorsal 1/3. Face yellow with short yellow pile (max. ca. 1/2 length of scape), without medial black vitta, but weak facial knob translucent yellow and therefore darker than sides of face. Peristome and gena black, clypeus subquadrate and brownish black. Antennae long, basoflagellomere ca. 2.5 times as long as wide, ventrally in the basal corner slightly brownish-red; arista brown, inserted at 1/3 of length of basoflagellomere, slightly surpassing tip of basoflagellomere (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640D09FEF276289F24" box="[528,605,348,371]" captionStart="Figs 10–17. 10–13" captionStartId="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[172,1032,230,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[158,1044,222,1452]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–17. 10–13 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov.; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
); total length of arista slightly shorter than length of basoflagellomere; lunula yellow. Proboscis with large whitish labellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF176289FFBB73660F8EFA4C750E987D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" startId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" targetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBB73660F8EFA4C750E987D" blockId="4.[151,1128,1506,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">
|
||
Figs 1–9.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBB73660FF5FA4C75F99BA2" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[236,396,1506,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBB73660FF5FA4C75F99BA2" box="[236,396,1506,1525]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="763">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFBB73660E8BFA4C75A09BA2" box="[402,469,1506,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="763" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF176289FFBA73670F68FA63704B9841" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="764" startId="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" targetBox="[172,1032,230,1446]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFBA73670F68FA63704B9841" blockId="5.[113,1089,1485,1558]" pageId="5" pageNumber="764">
|
||
Figs 10–17. 10–13 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBA73670E3FFA6375B09BB7" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[294,453,1485,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBA73670E3FFA6375B09BB7" box="[294,453,1485,1504]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="764">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFBA73670ED3FA6376659BB7" box="[458,528,1485,1504]" pageId="5" pageNumber="764" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFBA73670DB5FA4677939BAC" authority="Macquart, 1842" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[684,998,1512,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="764" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFBA73670DB5FA46772C9BAC" box="[684,857,1512,1531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="764">Paragus borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart, 1842
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFE32703D9C04" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFE3275779FE4" box="[181,258,412,435]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E0BFE3275D99FE4" box="[274,428,412,435]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Figs 1, 3, 4, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Scutum polished black, no pollinose maculae present, coarsely granulate with very short black pile. Long yellow to orange pile laterally before the suture and stiff yellow slightly thickened pile on postalar callus. Pleuron black, long yellow pile on anepisternum, long white pile on dorsal part of katepisternum. Scutellum also polished black and coarsely granulate with short black pile, ca 1/10 of the scutellum-length. Scutellum subrectangular, ca. 3 times as wide as long, hind margin also granulate as dorsal surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFDF2701D9CE4" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFDF274999C24" box="[181,236,604,627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Wing</emphasis>
|
||
. Hyaline and almost completely bare of microtrichia, at most with a few scattered microtrichia.Alula oval, ca. 2.5 times longer than wide, with sparse microtrichia along border, central and basal part bare. Spurious vein not reaching distal cross vein. Pterostigma whitish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFD1277BA9D04" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFD1274929C84" box="[181,231,700,723]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
. Femora black with narrow sharply delimited yellow apex (knee). Pile on the backside and ventrally mostly yellow. Front and middle tibia apically ca. 2/3 black, proximal 1/3 yellow. Metatibia apically 3/4 black, thickened and laterally compressed, dorsally with dense long black pile, ventrally short black pile, apical ventral part with yellow-reddish pile. Basal three tarsomeres brownish-black dorsally, apical two tarsomeres dark yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFCF2754A9A04" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFCF2756F9D24" box="[181,282,860,883]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E33FCF275DE9D24" box="[298,427,860,883]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Figs 3, 4, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). First ¿ve terga fused laterally; terga 3–5 bluish black polished with very coarse granulation (granula). Terga 2 and 3 with two subquadrate large ivory maculae (greenish in fresh material), well separated from each other and from the side margin. Granulation in the ivory maculae with black dots. Tergum 4 completely bluish black with narrow almost indiscernible lateral depression. Granula on the surface of terga and on lateral margin with short apical black pile. Sternum 1 brownish, sterna 2–3 white, sternum 4 brown with distal margin bearing a bifurcate medial extension with long pile (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640C92FBB277AF9A64" box="[907,986,1052,1075]" captionStart="Figs 18–22. 18–20" captionStartId="7.[112,149,1126,1145]" captionTargetBox="[180,1019,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[178,1024,219,1109]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 18–22. 18–20 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov., male genitalia. 18 – ventral view; 19 – dorsal view; 20 – lateral view. Fig. 21. Paragus caligneus sp. nov., posterior margin of sternum 4. 22 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842, surstylus in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300916/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sterna with long white pile.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFBF276719AE4" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFBF275279A24" box="[181,338,1116,1139]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E78FBF275A89A24" box="[353,477,1116,1139]" captionStart="Figs 18–22. 18–20" captionStartId="7.[112,149,1126,1145]" captionTargetBox="[180,1019,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[178,1024,219,1109]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 18–22. 18–20 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov., male genitalia. 18 – ventral view; 19 – dorsal view; 20 – lateral view. Fig. 21. Paragus caligneus sp. nov., posterior margin of sternum 4. 22 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842, surstylus in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300916/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Figs 18–20</figureCitation>
|
||
). Epandrium in the narrower middle part is only half as long as cercus in dorsal view; surstylus large, almost as high as epandrium, straight with a short apical tooth or hook bent inwards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFB1570129B84" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFB15757D9A84" bold="true" box="[181,264,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E0DFB1275069A84" box="[276,371,1212,1235]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Figs 4–7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E65FB1275CA9A84" box="[380,447,1212,1235]" captionStart="Figs 10–17. 10–13" captionStartId="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[172,1032,230,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[158,1044,222,1452]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–17. 10–13 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov.; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">11, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Similar to male except for normal sexual dimorphism and: Face yellow with a narrow medial black vitta about 1/5 width of face, reaching up to the base of the antennae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640E34FB52750B9B44" box="[301,382,1276,1299]" captionStart="Figs 10–17. 10–13" captionStartId="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[172,1032,230,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[158,1044,222,1452]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–17. 10–13 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov.; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons ca. 1/6 to 1/7 head width at level of posterior ocelli, polished black without pollinose maculae, subparallel margins in upper half of frons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640CACFAB270759B64" box="[949,1024,1308,1331]" captionStart="Figs 10–17. 10–13" captionStartId="5.[113,150,1485,1504]" captionTargetBox="[172,1032,230,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-13@5.[158,1044,222,1452]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 10–17. 10–13 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov.; 10 – male head, dorsal view; 11 – female head, dorsal view; 12 – female head, frontal view; 13 – male antenna, lateral view. 14–17 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842; 14 – male head, dorsal view; 15 – female head, dorsal view; 16 – female head, frontal view; 17 – male antenna, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300914" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300914/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
) and then broadening towards antennal sockets in lower half. Whitish maculae on abdomen smaller than in male and more rounded (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB973640ED9FAF276779B24" box="[448,514,1372,1395]" captionStart="Figs 1–9" captionStartId="4.[151,188,1506,1525]" captionTargetBox="[198,1088,219,1485]" captionTargetId="figure-10@4.[189,1088,219,1486]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 1–9. Paragus caligneus sp. nov. 1–3 – holotype male; 1 – lateral view; 2 – frontal view; 3 – dorsal view. 4–7 – paratype female; 4 – dorsal view; 5 – lateral view; 6 – frontal view; 7 – posterior view. 8 – holotype male, labels. 9 – paratype female, label." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300912/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Metatibia of normal shape (not compressed or enlarged as in the male), but with the same fringe of long dark pile dorsally. Occiput with white pile reaching further up than in male, but in dorsal part with some black flattened pile among the whitish ones. Arista slightly shorter than in male, not surpassing the tip of the basoflagellomere.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB973640FACFA7575799844" blockId="6.[151,1128,220,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFA75757E9BA4" bold="true" box="[181,267,1499,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB973640FACFA7575719BA4" bold="true" box="[181,260,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="765">Length</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body:
|
||
<quantity id="4C909FE4FFB973640E43FA7275DE9BA4" box="[346,427,1500,1523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB973640EA3FA7276689BA4" box="[442,541,1500,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="4C909FE4FFB973640D36FA7276F59BA4" box="[559,640,1500,1523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" unit="mm" value="6.7">6.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB973640D96FA7276849BA4" box="[655,753,1500,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
); wing
|
||
<quantity id="4C909FE4FFB973640C59FA7277E49BA4" box="[832,913,1500,1523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB973640CB9FA7270769BA4" box="[928,1027,1500,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
), 5.0 mm (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB973640F86FA5275749844" box="[159,257,1532,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="765" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF176289FFB873650F69FBC875349AF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300916" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5300916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300916/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" startId="7.[112,149,1126,1145]" targetBox="[180,1019,222,1106]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB873650F69FBC875349AF9" blockId="7.[112,1089,1126,1198]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">
|
||
Figs 18–22. 18–20 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650E30FBC875BC9A2E" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[297,457,1126,1145]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650E30FBC875BC9A2E" box="[297,457,1126,1145]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFB873650ED6FBC876619A2E" box="[463,532,1126,1145]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, male genitalia. 18 – ventral view; 19 – dorsal view; 20 – lateral view. Fig. 21.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650FF0FB2E75F29AC4" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[233,391,1152,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650FF0FB2E75F29AC4" box="[233,391,1152,1171]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFB873650E95FB2E75A59AC4" box="[396,464,1152,1171]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, posterior margin of sternum 4. 22 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650C1DFB2E704B9AC4" authority="Macquart, 1842" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[772,1086,1152,1171]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650C1DFB2E77C49AC4" box="[772,945,1152,1171]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Paragus borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
Macquart, 1842
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, surstylus in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFB8736A0F68FB7077209F24" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="767" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB8736A0F68FB7077209F24" blockId="7.[113,1090,1246,1589]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1127,220,565]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="767" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650F68FB7075199AA2" bold="true" box="[113,364,1246,1269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650E6BFB70764C9AA2" authority="Ssymank & Mengual, 2014" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[370,569,1246,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650E6BFB70764C9AA2" box="[370,569,1246,1269]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22F5368FFB873650D59FB7076E79AA2" box="[576,658,1246,1269]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be clearly recognized from all other known Afrotropical species by the large, whitish to green abdominal maculae with black dots. It can be easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650EFAFAB076009B62" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[483,629,1310,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650EFAFAB076009B62" box="[483,629,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the only other known species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650CCEFAB074E89B02" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650CCEFAB074ED9B02" authorityName="Vujiu & Radenkoviu" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="769" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Afroparagus">Afroparagus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by a series of morphological characters summarized in the diagnostic
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6EA07BAFFB873650C9DFA9077A19B02" box="[900,980,1342,1365]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="9.[113,160,399,418]" captionText="Table 2. Differential morphological characters to distinguish the species of Afroparagus." pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
. The most evident differences are: the coloration of tergum 3, the coloration of the legs (femora largely black with narrow yellow apex in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650EFAFAD076119BC2" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[483,612,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650EFAFAD076119BC2" box="[483,612,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650DACFAD0773C9BC2" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[693,841,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650DACFAD0773C9BC2" box="[693,841,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has femora with much broader yellow apical parts; protibia 2/3 brown apically, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650C10FA3077EE9BE2" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[777,923,1438,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650C10FA3077EE9BE2" box="[777,923,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has completely yellow protibia); the dense, long brown-black pile dorsally on the metatibia (white pile in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650F68FA7075719BA2" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[113,260,1502,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650F68FA7075719BA2" box="[113,260,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and very short pile in general on scutum, scutellum and face in comparison with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650FBEFA50754D9842" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[167,312,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650FBEFA50754D9842" box="[167,312,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB873650E6DFA5075A49842" box="[372,465,1534,1557]" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB873650D34FA5076869842" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[557,755,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="766" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB873650D34FA5076869842" box="[557,755,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="766">Paragus caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a bifurcate extension in the middle of the posterior margin of sternum 4, and male genitalia of both species are completely different (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94FF0FFB7736A0E37FF72767D9EA4" author="STUCKENBERG B. R." box="[302,520,220,243]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" pagination="97 - 139" refId="ref6464" refString="STUCKENBERG B. R. 1954 a: Studies on Paragus, with description of new species (Diptera, Syrphidae). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 49: 97 - 139." type="journal article" year="1954">STUCKENBERG 1954a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Figs 41–43). The female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0C5FFF7277BD9EA4" authorityName="Ssymank & Mengual" authorityYear="2014" box="[838,968,220,243]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caligneus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0C5FFF7277BD9EA4" box="[838,968,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">P. caligneus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not have pollinose maculae on the frons, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0D2AFF5276B39F44" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[563,710,252,275]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0D2AFF5276B39F44" box="[563,710,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females have white pollinose maculae at the eye margin. Females of both species have a medial black facial vitta connected to a usually black oral margin. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0D05FE9276DB9F04" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1842" box="[540,686,316,339]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borbonicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0D05FE9276DB9F04" box="[540,686,316,339]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">P. borbonicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the face completely yellow, but the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB7736A0F8EFEF274819F24" box="[151,244,348,371]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
male of the new species has yellow face and black gena.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFB7736A0F8EFED2773F9FE4" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFED2773F9FE4" blockId="8.[151,1127,220,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0F8EFED2756D9FC4" bold="true" box="[151,280,380,403]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The speci¿c epithet is derived from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0C04FED277159FC4" box="[797,864,380,403]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">caligo</emphasis>
|
||
, meaning dark, gloomy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF94FF0FFB7736A0F86FE3275149FE4" author="BROWN R. W." box="[159,353,412,435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" refId="ref5574" refString="BROWN R. W. 1956: Composition of scienti? c words, a manual of methods and a lexicon of materials for the practice of logotechnics. Published by the author, Baltimore, 882 pp." type="book" year="1956">BROWN 1956: 148</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Species epithet to be treated as an adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFB7736A0F8EFE12761A9C44" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFE12761A9C44" blockId="8.[151,1127,220,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0F8EFE1274869F84" bold="true" box="[151,243,444,467]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Larvae unknown, presumably zoophagous, probably on aphids as most other larvae of known species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0EFAFE7276489FA4" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[483,573,476,499]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0EFAFE7276489FA4" box="[483,573,476,499]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Paragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB7736A0D52FE7276DB9FA4" box="[587,686,476,499]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
collected in a Malaise trap alongside the Ivindo river; no other information available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFB7736A0F8EFDB270129C64" box="[151,1127,537,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFDB270129C64" blockId="8.[151,1127,220,565]" box="[151,1127,537,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0F8EFDB275519C64" bold="true" box="[151,292,540,563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7291FFB7736A0EFBFDB276529C64" box="[482,551,540,563]" name="Gabon" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
(holotypeJ) and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37F7291FFB7736A0DC5FDB277AE9C64" box="[732,987,540,563]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D38CA3FFB7736A0CFFFDB270359C64" box="[998,1088,540,563]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D6EF988FFB7736A0B5BFDB770269C62" box="[1090,1107,537,565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C372618AFFB7736A0EDDFDCD70139A05" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0EDDFDCD77FE9CCC" blockId="8.[371,907,610,667]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0EDDFDCD774C9C2B" bold="true" box="[452,825,610,637]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
Key to subgenera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0DCDFDCC774C9C2B" ID-CoL="63JTG" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[724,825,610,636]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0DCDFDCC774C9C2B" bold="true" box="[724,825,610,636]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Paragus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(modi¿ed and simpli¿ed from VUJIû et al. 2008)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<key id="FFF96530FFB7736A0F8EFD1570139A05" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyStep id="309C2AA4FFB7736A0F8EFD1570139CA5" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFD1570139C85" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" box="[151,1126,699,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFD1570139C85" box="[151,1126,699,723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">1. Eye with vertical alternate vittae (bands) of pile reflecting light differently. ................. 2</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFD7570139CA5" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" box="[151,1126,730,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFD7570139CA5" box="[151,1126,730,754]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
– Eye uniformly pilose. ........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0DDEFD7470139CA5" authority="Stuckenberg, 1954" authorityName="Stuckenberg" authorityYear="1954" box="[711,1126,730,754]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Pandasyopthalmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0DDEFD7477ED9CA5" bold="true" box="[711,920,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Pandasyopthalmus</emphasis>
|
||
Stuckenberg, 1954
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="309C2AA4FFB7736A0F8EFD5570139DE5" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFD5570139D05" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFD5570139D05" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
2. Scutellum with conspicuous teeth (minimum about double length of diameter) on posterior margin; in dorsolateral view eyes with two dark and three more distinct, white, dorso-ventral vittae of pile. ........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0D8EFC9570139D05" authority="Vujiu & Radenkoviu, 2008" authorityName="Vujiu & Radenkoviu" authorityYear="2008" box="[663,1126,825,851]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Serratoparagus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0D8EFC9577349D04" bold="true" box="[663,833,827,851]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Serratoparagus</emphasis>
|
||
Vujiü & Radenkoviü, 2008
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFCF570139DE5" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFCF570139DE5" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">– Scutellum without conspicuous teeth on posterior margin (either smooth or granulate with granula of about same length or height as diameter); in dorsolateral view eyes with two white dorso-ventral vittae of pile among dark pile. ................................................ 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="309C2AA4FFB7736A0F8EFC1570139A05" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFC1570139A45" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFC1570139A45" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
3 Tergites 1–5 completely fused, at least laterally. Male genitalia: epandrium in narrower part 1/2 to 2/3 the length of the cercus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13532E84FFB7736A0D78FC7576C59DA5" box="[609,688,987,1010]" captionStart="Figs 18–22. 18–20" captionStartId="7.[112,149,1126,1145]" captionTargetBox="[180,1019,222,1106]" captionTargetId="figure-177@7.[178,1024,219,1109]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 18–22. 18–20 – Paragus caligneus sp. nov., male genitalia. 18 – ventral view; 19 – dorsal view; 20 – lateral view. Fig. 21. Paragus caligneus sp. nov., posterior margin of sternum 4. 22 – Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842, surstylus in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5300916" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5300916/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). Afrotropical species. ............................ ..........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0DAFFC5470139A45" authority="Vujiu & Radenkoviu, 2008" authorityName="Vujiu & Radenkoviu" authorityYear="2008" box="[694,1126,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="759" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Afroparagus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0DAFFC5477349A45" bold="true" box="[694,833,1018,1042]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Afroparagus</emphasis>
|
||
Vujiü & Radenkoviü, 2008
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD73201FFB7736A0F8EFBB570139A05" blockId="8.[151,1127,699,1106]" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
<keyLead id="30999134FFB7736A0F8EFBB570139A05" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">
|
||
– Only tergites 1–2 completely fused. Male genitalia: epandrium in narrower part twice as long as cercus. Mainly Holarctic species. .................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C684982FFB7736A0C7FFB9570139A05" ID-CoL="63JTG" authority="Latreille, 1804" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1804" box="[870,1126,1083,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Paragus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="767" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91CEE13FFB7736A0C7FFB9577B79A05" bold="true" box="[870,962,1083,1106]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="767">Paragus</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille, 1804
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</key>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |