333 lines
35 KiB
XML
333 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="D73423FEBCDA2552BF8CCCEC54274598" ID-CLB-Dataset="28070" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4504.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e77b7f6-1f66-419f-ac40-0af683c6a574" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2606555" ID-ZooBank="0B5C532E-0601-44F3-83AB-9EC141C6718A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553584935681" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shults, Phillip & Borkent, Art" docDate="2018" docId="03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4504.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4504 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Culicoides" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="466" masterDocId="FFDE115DFFED6E09FFFBFFAA5404F272" masterDocTitle="Pupae of the Nearctic species of Culicoides Latreille subgenus Monoculicoides Khalaf (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="472" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="465" updateTime="1698712799667" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="5C60B6603B4064C74DD8D406785E0747" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3F475B6EB71A4FD960564571BE84AB33">
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<mods:title id="59D953C8396D4F75E0379224FB66108F">Pupae of the Nearctic species of Culicoides Latreille subgenus Monoculicoides Khalaf (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="4520AA7BA22C6FD1D7F056D154D224B2" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C6955017F0403715F5E0C4FD70A8A55D">Shults, Phillip</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9881F20B5C2C5B5A5635FD683F48273F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="06D7ED3148F2F90722F147C13DA24D9D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6B28F3F1B33779384427D54CEB87C8D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F8CEFEACE6434C9E1F79F21BB7EF41E0">Borkent, Art</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BC90B96E681A2599DB3E8DE1ADCB23D6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="486B86AEC99CF81D174F4EB7AF276A88">
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<mods:title id="28DBAD87FB3D2652507C3ED7C0C9892D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="61033BB714F2C9BEFE4C2153396B5E68">
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<mods:date id="854FC3EA38F883B09DE1CC1CCD93F103">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="FEAD425F4D2B0A9631A1EBA7C775D0F2" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="D05784EAD9880F05C47EF7F47C1FF618">2018-10-26</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="D2B22CAE052C58ACC63F3D331D64F190" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5CFE52EDBC9DC862EB22F58AA4DB7FC2">4504</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="22A8E49AE94BA0C2785BDFC5059441D2" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="FC85DA81E787730BCE34B4E52B53E546">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="13CF8E106A837A330060C90054D13E52">451</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="39967D1F84D46EA00AACE8C2ED345F71">472</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="1DBDBD7D7E25AE2DF37F440944501041">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="41D0DE9B28527F1DE140641B4D392C62" type="CLB-Dataset">28070</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="BF7F0AA505D203313EA65ABE98C41123" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4504.4.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4A60F8B87047B6BF7B7E65564C74AC6F" type="GBIF-Dataset">0e77b7f6-1f66-419f-ac40-0af683c6a574</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D3D73BBEE44CBA97D676DFF26AB1F986" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1E98201D570DCCAAA9D67A94DE84DC83" type="Zenodo-Dep">2606555</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5955062" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154495148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5955062" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="466" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<subSubSection id="C3548BB8FFE36E07FF6CFC5D55D5F660" box="[151,465,1015,1042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE36E07FF6CFC5D55D5F660" blockId="14.[151,465,1015,1075]" box="[151,465,1015,1042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<heading id="D0B96F5FFFE36E07FF6CFC5D55D5F660" bold="true" box="[151,465,1015,1042]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FF6CFC5D55D5F660" bold="true" box="[151,465,1015,1042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FF6CFC5D5569F663" bold="true" box="[151,365,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE36E07FF6CFC5D5512F663" ID-CoL="9G2GV" baseAuthorityName="Borkent" baseAuthorityYear="2014" box="[151,278,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Culicoides</taxonomicName>
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stigma
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</emphasis>
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Meigen
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3548BB8FFE36E07FF6CFBB054FBF641" box="[151,255,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE36E07FF6CFBB054FBF641" blockId="14.[151,465,1015,1075]" box="[151,255,1050,1075]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1375C4B6FFE36E07FF64FBB054F3F641" box="[159,247,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female, dorsal apotomes, in anterior view. (A) Culicoides stigma. (B) C. grandensis. (C) Female mouthparts, in anterior view of C. occidentalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606563/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3548BB8FFE36E07FF6CFBC85703F6ED" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE36E07FF6CFBC85703F6ED" blockId="14.[151,1437,1122,1867]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FF6CFBC85515F609" bold="true" box="[151,273,1122,1147]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The only species of
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FE0CFBC9560EF608" box="[503,522,1123,1146]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">C</emphasis>
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. (
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<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE36E07FDDBFBC956D7F609" box="[544,723,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monoculicoides">
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FDDBFBC956D7F609" box="[544,723,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Monoculicoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) with short respiratory organ (±
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<quantity id="4CB675D6FFE36E07FBC5FBC850A5F608" box="[1086,1185,1122,1147]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" unit="mm" value="0.26">0.26 mm</quantity>
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in length) (
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<figureCitation id="1375C4B6FFE36E07FAD9FBC85161F609" box="[1314,1381,1122,1147]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1228,1250]" captionTargetBox="[364,1199,194,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[350,1242,183,1219]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Box plots of measurements of the length of respiratory organs by species. Species ordered by ascending values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606573/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
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) and short uniform spicules on the dorsal apotome (
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<figureCitation id="1375C4B6FFE36E07FD5BFB2C56FEF6ED" box="[672,762,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female, dorsal apotomes, in anterior view. (A) Culicoides stigma. (B) C. grandensis. (C) Female mouthparts, in anterior view of C. occidentalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606563/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3548BB8FFE36E06FF3CFB005008F54C" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="466" pageId="14" pageNumber="465" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE36E07FF3CFB00514DF539" blockId="14.[151,1437,1122,1867]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FF3CFB0055A0F6B1" bold="true" box="[199,420,1194,1219]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Description. Male.</emphasis>
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Total length = 2.05–2.60 (2.39, 0.137 SD, n=17) mm. Light brown coloration throughout.
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FF6CFB6454E4F695" bold="true" box="[151,224,1230,1255]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Head:</emphasis>
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Dorsal apotome (DA) roughly 90% covered in short, uniform spicules (
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<figureCitation id="1375C4B6FFE36E07FBDBFB645078F695" box="[1056,1148,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1814,1836]" captionTargetBox="[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[249,1338,218,1785]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Female, dorsal apotomes, in anterior view. (A) Culicoides stigma. (B) C. grandensis. (C) Female mouthparts, in anterior view of C. occidentalis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606563/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
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), DA length = 0.28–0.32 (0.299, 0.014 SD, n=17) mm; DA width = 0.17–0.19 (0.179, 0.004 SD, n=17) mm; DAW/DAL= 0.58–0.64 (0.601, 0.024 SD, n=17).
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FEA5FABC55C4F75D" bold="true" box="[350,448,1302,1327]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Thorax:</emphasis>
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Cephalothorax length = 1.00–1.13 (1.08, 0.057 SD, n =17) mm. Respiratory organ (RO) slender, 1–2 subbasal pores, RO length = 0.21–0.26 (0.23, 0.016 SD, n=17) mm; RO width = 0.03 0–0.035 (0.03, 0.001 SD, n=17) mm; ROW/ROL = 0.11–0.15 (0.13, 0.01 SD, n=17).
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<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE36E07FC57FAF4502FF705" bold="true" box="[940,1067,1374,1399]" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">Abdomen:</emphasis>
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Tergite 1 with long D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FACFFAF5515CF705" box="[1332,1368,1375,1399]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">3–I</date>
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, short D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FF40FA2954E5F7E9" box="[187,225,1411,1435]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2–I</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FEE8FA29553CF7E8" box="[275,312,1411,1434]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">7–I</date>
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anterior, short D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FDEAFA295632F7E9" box="[529,566,1411,1435]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">4–I</date>
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, and long, thin D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FCEEFA29573EF7E9" box="[789,826,1411,1435]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">9–I</date>
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separated medially by campaniform D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FAF4FA295137F7E9" box="[1295,1331,1411,1435]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">8–I</date>
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on short tubercle posteriorly, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FE5CFA0D55C8F7CD" box="[423,460,1447,1471]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2–I</date>
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, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FE07FA0D5624F7CD" box="[508,544,1447,1471]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">3–I</date>
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short separated medially by long, thin L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FBE9FA0D5030F7CD" box="[1042,1076,1447,1471]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1–I</date>
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on lateral margin. Chaetotaxy, shagreen of tergite 2 similar to tergite 4, without elongate tubercles, minute L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FBEFFA615047F791" box="[1044,1091,1483,1507]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2–II</date>
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, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FB94FA615099F791" box="[1135,1181,1483,1507]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">4–II</date>
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separated medially by long, thin L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FED2FA455553F475" box="[297,343,1519,1543]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">3–II</date>
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on anterolateral margin. Chaetotaxy, shagreen of segment 3 similar to that of segment 4. Tergite 4 with short D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FEC8F9B9556FF459" box="[307,363,1555,1579]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2–IV</date>
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on short tubercle, thin D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FD6EF9B956CAF459" box="[661,718,1555,1579]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">3–IV</date>
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on elongate, pointed tubercle, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FBB6F9B85081F459" box="[1101,1157,1554,1579]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">5–IV</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FB48F9B950E8F459" box="[1203,1260,1555,1579]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">4–IV</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FAE1F9B95156F458" box="[1306,1362,1555,1578]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">7–IV</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FA79F9B954B0F43C" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">8– IV</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FF19F99D551FF43D" box="[226,283,1591,1615]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">9–IV</date>
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in transverse row, arranged medially to laterally, minute D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FC3AF99C57FEF43D" box="[961,1018,1590,1615]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">5–IV</date>
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on slightly formed tubercle, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FA98F99D5198F43D" box="[1379,1436,1591,1615]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">4–IV</date>
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on small tubercle, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FE6BF9F155CCF400" box="[400,456,1627,1650]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">7–IV</date>
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on small rounded tubercle, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FCCAF9F1576DF401" box="[817,873,1627,1651]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">8–IV</date>
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, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FC62F9F157D6F401" box="[921,978,1627,1651]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">9–IV</date>
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each long on pointed tubercle, D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FA9FF9F15199F401" box="[1380,1437,1627,1651]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">8–IV</date>
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seta thicker than D–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FE87F9D555B1F4E5" box="[380,437,1663,1687]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">9–IV</date>
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; lateral tubercles with short, blunt apices, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FC4EF9D557E8F4E5" box="[949,1004,1663,1687]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">1–IV</date>
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thick seta on small bifurcate tubercle, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FF4DF90954EBF4C9" box="[182,239,1699,1723]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">2–IV</date>
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, L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FEE1F9095557F4C9" box="[282,339,1699,1723]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">4–IV</date>
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thick setae, each on elongate, bifurcate tubercle, separated by thin L–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FB93F90950A4F4C9" box="[1128,1184,1699,1723]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">3–IV</date>
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on elongate, bifurcate tubercle; sternite 4 with minute V–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FDDFF96C5658F4AD" box="[548,604,1734,1759]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">5–IV</date>
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on small rounded tubercle, V–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FC47F96C57F1F4AD" box="[956,1013,1734,1759]" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">6–IV</date>
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thin on pointed tubercle, small V–
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<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE36E07FA7AF96D54B1F570" bridgedPair="-" pageId="14" pageNumber="465">7– IV</date>
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on pointed tubercle, ventral setae in transverse row, shagreen along anterior margins, lateral shagreen reduced or absent. Segments 5–7 with similar chaetotaxy, shagreen to that of segment 4. Segment 8 chaetotaxy with seven sensilla, without lateral shagreen. Segment 9 with anterior shagreen, anterior margin not strongly modified.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3188BBFFE26E06FF6CFB665186F690" box="[151,1410,1228,1250]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606573/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" startId="15.[151,250,1228,1250]" targetBox="[364,1199,194,1215]" targetPageId="15">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE26E06FF6CFB665186F690" blockId="15.[151,1410,1228,1250]" box="[151,1410,1228,1250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FF6CFB665509F693" bold="true" box="[151,269,1228,1250]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">FIGURE 9</emphasis>
|
||
. Box plots of measurements of the length of respiratory organs by species. Species ordered by ascending values.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE26E06FF3CFAA354E5F7A4" blockId="15.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FF3CFAA35521F750" bold="true" box="[199,293,1289,1314]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Similar to male other than sexual differences on segment 9 and the following: total length = 1.94–2.86 (2.04, 0.248 SD, n=15) mm, DA–1–H apex extending past ventral margin of DA, DA length = 0.23–0.3 (0.267, 0.018 SD, n=15) mm, DA width = 0.17–0.215 (0.197, 0.016 SD, n=15) mm, DAW/DAL = 0.65–0.79 (0.737, 0.035 SD, n=15), Cephalothorax length = 1.00–1.15 (1.07, 0.059 SD, n=15) mm, RO length = 0.21–0.26 (0.237, 0.015 SD, n=15) mm, RO width = 0.03–0.035 (0.031, 0.003 SD, n=15) mm, ROW/ROL = 0.11–0.15 (0.133, 0.019 SD, n=15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE26E06FF3CFA4B54EFF4F8" blockId="15.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FF3CFA4B55D1F788" bold="true" box="[199,469,1505,1530]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Taxonomic discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is one of the smaller members of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FBF8FA485012F78B" box="[1027,1046,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE26E06FBCBFA4B50E7F78B" box="[1072,1251,1505,1529]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monoculicoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FBCBFA4B50E7F78B" box="[1072,1251,1505,1529]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Monoculicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE26E06FA79FA48550AF46F" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonorensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FA79FA48550AF46F" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. sonorensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE26E06FEBFF9AC55E4F46F" box="[324,480,1541,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FEBFF9AC55E4F46F" box="[324,480,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. grandensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but has a proportionally smaller respiratory organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1375C4B6FFE26E06FBD0F9AF506AF46C" box="[1067,1134,1541,1566]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1228,1250]" captionTargetBox="[364,1199,194,1215]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[350,1242,183,1219]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 9. Box plots of measurements of the length of respiratory organs by species. Species ordered by ascending values." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2606573/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
) in comparison to its body size. The total range of the ratio of respiratory organ length to cephalothorax length of all other
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FA79F9805191F433" box="[1410,1429,1578,1601]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4EA3B0FFE26E06FF5BF9E75557F417" box="[160,339,1613,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="471" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Monoculicoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FF5BF9E75557F417" box="[160,339,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Monoculicoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) examined was 0.27–0.31 (n=54), whereas in
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FC7FF9E457F2F417" box="[900,1014,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">C. stigma</emphasis>
|
||
, it is significantly lower 0.19–0.22 (n=32).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE26E06FF3CF93F5008F54C" blockId="15.[151,1437,1289,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
This species is Holarctic. However, in North America it is currently known only from central
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFE26E06FAF7F93F5160F4DC" box="[1292,1380,1685,1710]" country="Canada" name="Alberta" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Alberta</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The pupa of this species was originally described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFA5C2FFE26E06FD2AF91357E9F4A0" author="Kettle, D. S. & Lawson, J. W. H." box="[721,1005,1721,1746]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" pagination="421 - 467" refId="ref13517" refString="Kettle, D. S. & Lawson, J. W. H. (1952) The early stages of British biting midges Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and allied genera. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 43, 421 - 467, pls. 14 - 19." type="journal article" year="1952">Kettle & Lawson (1952)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and redescribed in two other studies (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFA5C2FFE26E06FF65F977555EF484" author="Dzhafarov, S. M." box="[158,346,1757,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" refId="ref12683" refString="Dzhafarov, S. M. (1964) Blood-sucking midges (Diptera, Heleidae) of the Transcaucasus. Akademija Nauk Azerbaidzanskoi SSR, Instituta Zoologicheskiy, Sankt-Peterburg, 414 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1964">Dzhafarov 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDFA5C2FFE26E06FE93F9745605F484" author="Spataru, P." box="[360,513,1758,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" pagination="189 - 198" refId="ref14217" refString="Spataru, P. (1971) Variabilitatea unor Trasaturi Caracteristice la Larvele si Pupele de Culicoides stigma (Meigen) (Ceratopogonidae, Diptera). Comunicari si Referate ale Muzeul de Stiintele Naturii Ploiesti, 1971, 189 - 198." type="journal article" year="1971">Spătaru 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and our study did not find any contradictions with these studies. Although this species is reported as Holarctic, our description of the pupa is based solely on Palearctic material. It is possible that there are morphological differences between populations from the two regions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3548BB8FFE26E19FF3CF8E35600F2A7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="467" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF1D833FFE26E19FF3CF8E35600F2A7" blockId="15.[151,1437,1289,2034]" lastBlockId="16.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="467" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93A0421FFE26E06FF3CF8E355B2F510" bold="true" box="[199,438,1865,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Material examined:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFE26E06FE3BF8E05763F5F4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137962" collectingDate="1989-07-17" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" location="Curonian Spit National Park" municipality="Rybachii village" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="19" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="12" stateProvince="Kaliningrad">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FE3BF8E0562FF510" box="[448,555,1865,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="male">12 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FDC1F8E056ADF510" box="[570,681,1865,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFE26E06FD47F8E056F4F510" box="[700,752,1866,1890]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFE26E06FCFDF8E35757F510" box="[774,851,1865,1890]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFE26E06FC99F8E3505EF510" box="[866,1114,1865,1890]" country="Russia" name="Kaliningrad" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Kaliningrad Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B954249FFE26E06FB93F8E35121F510" box="[1128,1317,1865,1890]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Rybachii village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E918EE8FFE26E06FACFF8E35577F5F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7:8E918EE8FFE26E06FACFF8E35577F5F4" country="Russia" municipality="Rybachii village" name="Curonian Spit National Park" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" stateProvince="Kaliningrad">Curonian Spit National Park</location>
|
||
[at the Baltic Sea coast], 16–
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB4071BFFE26E06FD1EF8C75763F5F4" box="[741,871,1901,1926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1989-07-17">
|
||
<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE26E06FD1EF8C75763F5F4" box="[741,871,1901,1926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1989-07-17">17.07.1989</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, Glukhova.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFE26E06FC06F8C4575BF5D8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137969" collectingDate="1979-07-27" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" location="Luga district" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Leningrad">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FC06F8C45061F5F4" box="[1021,1125,1901,1926]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFE26E06FB80F8C450ABF5F4" box="[1147,1199,1902,1926]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFE26E06FB32F8C75112F5F4" box="[1225,1302,1901,1926]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFE26E06FAD2F8C754FAF5D8" country="Russia" name="Leningrad" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Leningrad Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E918EE8FFE26E06FEF4F83855A3F5D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7:8E918EE8FFE26E06FEF4F83855A3F5D8" box="[271,423,1937,1962]" country="Russia" name="Luga district" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" stateProvince="Leningrad">Luga district</location>
|
||
, forest ditch with water,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB4071BFFE26E06FD25F838575BF5D8" box="[734,863,1938,1962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1979-07-27">
|
||
<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE26E06FD25F838575BF5D8" box="[734,863,1938,1962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1979-07-27">27.07.1979</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, Brodskaya.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFE26E06FC05F8385776F5BC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137959" collectingDate="1979-08-13" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" location="Luga town" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Leningrad">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FC05F8385061F5D8" box="[1022,1125,1937,1962]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFE26E06FB87F83850B4F5D8" box="[1148,1200,1938,1962]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFE26E06FB31F83B5113F5D8" box="[1226,1303,1937,1962]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFE26E06FAD2F83B54FAF5BC" country="Russia" name="Leningrad" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Leningrad Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, environs of
|
||
<location id="8E918EE8FFE26E06FE62F81C561CF5BF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7:8E918EE8FFE26E06FE62F81C561CF5BF" box="[409,536,1974,1998]" country="Russia" name="Luga town" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" stateProvince="Leningrad">Luga town</location>
|
||
, ditch with moss,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB4071BFFE26E06FD0AF81C5776F5BC" box="[753,882,1974,1998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1979-08-13">
|
||
<date id="FFF0FEF3FFE26E06FD0AF81C5776F5BC" box="[753,882,1974,1998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" value="1979-08-13">13.08.1979</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, Brodskaya.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFE26E06FBF1F81C57BCF580" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137960" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" county="Luga district" location="Brodskaya" municipality="river Obla" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Leningrad">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FBF1F81C506BF5BC" box="[1034,1135,1973,1998]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFE26E06FB79F81C50B2F5BC" box="[1154,1206,1974,1998]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFE26E06FB36F81F511EF5BC" box="[1229,1306,1973,1998]" name="Russia" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFE26E06FAD2F81F54FAF580" country="Russia" name="Leningrad" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Leningrad Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCounty id="6290A0BFFFE26E06FEF3F870559EF580" box="[264,410,2009,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">Luga district</collectingCounty>
|
||
, floodplain of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B954249FFE26E06FDC5F87356B7F580" box="[574,691,2009,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466">river Obla</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, 24.08.197,
|
||
<location id="8E918EE8FFE26E06FCC6F87357BCF580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7:8E918EE8FFE26E06FCC6F87357BCF580" box="[829,952,2009,2034]" country="Russia" county="Luga district" municipality="river Obla" name="Brodskaya" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" stateProvince="Leningrad">Brodskaya</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFE26E19FC39F870559FF2C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137971" collectingDate="1979-08-12" collectingDateMax="1979-08-14" collectingDateMin="1979-08-12" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="467" location="Luga district" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Leningrad">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FC39F8705018F580" box="[962,1052,2009,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFE26E06FBDCF8705097F580" box="[1063,1171,2009,2034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFE26E06FB58F87050D3F580" box="[1187,1239,2010,2034]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<location id="8E918EE8FFE26E06FB11F8705178F580" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E76925FFE36E19FF6CFC5D5600F2A7:8E918EE8FFE26E06FB11F8705178F580" box="[1258,1404,2009,2034]" country="Russia" name="Luga district" pageId="15" pageNumber="466" stateProvince="Leningrad">Luga district</location>
|
||
, in ditch,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB4071BFFFD6E19FF27FF32559FF2C2" box="[220,411,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1979-08-12" valueMax="1979-08-14" valueMin="1979-08-12">
|
||
<date id="FFF0FEF3FFFD6E19FF27FF32559FF2C2" box="[220,411,152,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1979-08-12" valueMax="1979-08-14" valueMin="1979-08-12">12–14.VIII.1979</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFFD6E19FE5DFF325035F2C2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137964" box="[422,1073,151,176]" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" location="Republic of Karelia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kareliya">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFFD6E19FE5DFF3255F0F2C2" box="[422,500,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFFD6E19FE05FF32565BF2C2" box="[510,607,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFFD6E19FD95FF3256A6F2C2" box="[622,674,152,176]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFFD6E19FD4EFF3D5706F2C2" box="[693,770,151,176]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFFD6E19FCF6FF3D57EFF2C2" box="[781,1003,151,176]" country="Russia" name="Kareliya" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Republic of Karelia</collectingRegion>
|
||
, 1966
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B26D26EFFFD6E19FBC7FF325604F2A7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028137968" collectingDate="1954-07-02" collectingDateMax="1954-07-04" collectingDateMin="1954-07-02" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Russia" location="Republic of Karelia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Kareliya">
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFFD6E19FBC7FF32508EF2C2" box="[1084,1162,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4813BAFFFD6E19FB6FFF3250F1F2C2" box="[1172,1269,151,176]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5F40F6FFFD6E19FAFFFF32513CF2C2" box="[1284,1336,152,176]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35998A3FFFD6E19FAB0FF3D519CF2C2" box="[1355,1432,151,176]" name="Russia" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498A16D1FFFD6E19FF6CFF165572F2A7" box="[151,374,188,213]" country="Russia" name="Kareliya" pageId="16" pageNumber="467">Republic of Karelia</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB4071BFFFD6E19FE79FF165604F2A7" box="[386,512,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1954-07-02" valueMax="1954-07-04" valueMin="1954-07-02">
|
||
<date id="FFF0FEF3FFFD6E19FE79FF165604F2A7" box="[386,512,188,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="467" value="1954-07-02" valueMax="1954-07-04" valueMin="1954-07-02">2–4.VII.54</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |