183 lines
24 KiB
XML
183 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="1B7D77EA0A1A8FF65B43C4A87575481D">Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical genus Pseudagris de Saussure (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E36AB87B463A0397B1FC71DF879FE7C1">Selis, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2DAD82B83B97DFE54DE2F4AA7B820478">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="396DFBFC7285C0E6CC1BECE7E6DFC1AF">2023</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA120BE7FC702F5DFBDE" box="[151,816,1014,1041]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BE7FC702F5DFBDE" blockId="12.[151,816,1014,1077]" box="[151,816,1014,1041]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<heading id="D0BF7215FF97DA120BE7FC702F5DFBDE" bold="true" box="[151,816,1014,1041]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C48BEFAFF97DA120BE7FC702F5DFBDE" authority="(Giordani Soika, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[151,816,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="holomelas" subSpecies="rubripes">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BE7FC702F5DFBDE" bold="true" box="[151,816,1014,1041]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BE7FC702E61FBDF" bold="true" box="[151,524,1014,1041]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Pseudagris holomelas rubripes</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF97DA12096CFC702F45FBDE" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[540,808,1014,1040]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref19330" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117 - 214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA120BE7FB9D2C94FBFB" box="[151,249,1051,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BE7FB9D2C94FBFB" blockId="12.[151,816,1014,1077]" box="[151,249,1051,1077]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1373D9FCFF97DA120BEFFB9D2C9CFBFB" box="[159,241,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. a, female lectotype of Synagris aterrima Maidl, 1914, habitus and labels. b, female holotype of Pseudagris holomelas rubripes (Giordani Soika, 1987), habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130476/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA120BE7FBD92976FBB9" box="[151,1307,1119,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BE7FBD92976FBB9" blockId="12.[151,1307,1119,1143]" box="[151,1307,1119,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB58E257FF97DA120BE7FBD92976FBB9" box="[151,1307,1119,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE9E368FF97DA120BE7FBD92EBFFBB9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[151,722,1119,1143]" page="139" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" year="1987">
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<taxonomicName id="4C48BEFAFF97DA120BE7FBD92EBFFBB9" authority="Giordani Soika 1987: 139" authorityName="Giordani Soika" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,722,1119,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="junodianus" subSpecies="rubripes">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BE7FBD92DAEFBB9" box="[151,451,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Synagris junodianus rubripes</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B20CF24FF97DA120AB9FBD92EBFFBB9" box="[457,722,1119,1143]" collectionCode="MSNVE" country="Senegal" location="Foresta di Tobor" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF97DA120AB9FBD92EBFFBB9" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[457,722,1119,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref19330" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117 - 214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika 1987: 139</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D4E0EF0FF97DA1209ACFBD92E87FBB9" box="[732,746,1119,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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—“
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120864FBD92F09FBB9" box="[788,868,1119,1143]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<collectingCountry id="F35F85E9FF97DA120864FBD92F09FBB9" box="[788,868,1119,1143]" name="Senegal" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Senegal</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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: Casamance,
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<location id="8E9793A2FF97DA120882FBE628F6FBB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E1746FFF97DA100BE7FC702F68FD03:8E9793A2FF97DA120882FBE628F6FBB9" box="[1010,1179,1119,1143]" country="Senegal" name="Foresta di Tobor" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Foresta di Tobor</location>
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” (MSNVE).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA120BE7FB232890FAC9" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BE7FB232890FAC9" blockId="12.[151,1437,1189,1972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BE7FB232D7FFB71" bold="true" box="[151,274,1189,1215]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Differentiated from the typical form by having the following parts red: apical third of median part of clypeus, scape, mandible except apical margin, irregular markings on gena, fore legs entirely, mid femur, mid tibia except dorsal line, apical tarsomere of mid leg, inner face of hind femur, apex of hind tibia (
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<figureCitation id="1373D9FCFF97DA120FECFB6B289DFAC9" box="[1180,1264,1261,1287]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. a, female lectotype of Synagris aterrima Maidl, 1914, habitus and labels. b, female holotype of Pseudagris holomelas rubripes (Giordani Soika, 1987), habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130476/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA120BB7FA972F51FABD" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BB7FA972F51FABD" blockId="12.[151,1437,1189,1972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BB7FA972E53FAE5" bold="true" box="[199,574,1297,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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Material examined.
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<typeStatus id="54F37BDBFF97DA120AC8FA972E57FAE5" box="[440,570,1297,1323]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCount id="9D4E0EF0FF97DA120935FA942E37FAE2" box="[581,602,1298,1324]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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, labeled “Forêt classée / de Tobor /
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<date id="FFF6E3B9FF97DA12089FFA9728F3FAE2" box="[1007,1182,1297,1324]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" value="1966-11-15" valueMax="1966-11-16" valueMin="1966-11-15">15–16-XI-1966</date>
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// Mission IFAN / en / Basse-Casamance //
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<typeStatus id="54F37BDBFF97DA120A0FFAB32E48FA81" box="[383,549,1333,1359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">HOLOTYPUS</typeStatus>
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/
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<taxonomicName id="4C48BEFAFF97DA12094CFAB32EF3FA81" box="[572,670,1333,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Synagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Synagris</taxonomicName>
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/ junodiana / rubripes [red label] //
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<taxonomicName id="4C48BEFAFF97DA120F5FFAB329E0FA81" baseAuthorityName="Giordani Soika" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1071,1421,1333,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="holomelas" subSpecies="rubripes">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120F5FFAB329E0FA81" box="[1071,1421,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Pseudagris holomelas rubripes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF97DA120BEFFADF2DFFFABD" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[159,402,1369,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref19330" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117 - 214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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||
) / Det. Marco
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF97DA120946FADF2EC3FABD" author="Selis, M. & Carpenter, J. M." box="[566,686,1369,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" pagination="487 - 512" refId="ref19718" refString="Selis, M. & Carpenter, J. M. (2022) Cladistic analysis and reclassification of Synagris Latreille (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae). Zootaxa, 5159 (4), 487 - 512. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5159.4.2" type="journal article" year="2022">Selis 2022</bibRefCitation>
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||
” (
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<collectionCode id="ED595DBCFF97DA1209B7FADF2F5DFABD" box="[711,816,1369,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">MSNVE</collectionCode>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF97DA100BB7FAFB2DE8FE1F" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BB7FAFB2F83FA56" blockId="12.[151,1437,1189,1972]" box="[199,1006,1405,1432]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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<emphasis id="B93C196BFF97DA120BB7FAFB2D34FA59" bold="true" box="[199,345,1405,1431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Description.</emphasis>
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Female. Body length
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||
<quantity id="4CB0689CFF97DA120921FAFB2ED5FA56" box="[593,696,1405,1432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="mm" value="18.5">18.5 mm</quantity>
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||
; fore wing length
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||
<quantity id="4CB0689CFF97DA1208F3FAFB2F87FA56" box="[899,1002,1405,1432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.93" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="mm" value="19.3">19.3 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF97DA120BB7FA272F1FF87A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1189,1972]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
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Head as wide as long in frontal view. Clypeus in frontal view as long as wide, apical margin truncated and 0.2× as wide as width of clypeus; two carinae running from apical angles up to basal third, sharp apically and reduced to rounded folds dorsally, area between carinae weakly depressed; clypeus in lateral view convex basally, then flattened to apex. Distance from posterior ocellus to occipital carina 2.8× as long as the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; cephalic foveae located in an indistinct transverse oval area, barely depressed. Gena as wide as eye at bottom of ocular sinus; occipital carina entire, shortly lamellate on gena, weak on vertex. F1 2.5× as long as wide; F2–F9 weakly longer than wide. Mesosoma 1.4× as long as wide. Pronotal carina complete, sharp but very low. Mesoscutum as long as wide between tegulae, weakly convex in lateral view. Scutellum weakly convex, with a low median ridge anteriorly. Metanotum nearly vertical, evenly convex from base to apex. Epicnemial carina reaching transverse furrow but weak. Dorsal faces of propodeum weakly convex anteriorly and depressed near lateral angles of propodeum, distinct but not sharply separated from posterior face; lateral faces shallowly depressed; inferior carina developed in a lamella, regular and sharp ventrally and becoming dull and denticulate dorsally, continuing in dull lateral carina. T
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||
<quantity id="4CB0689CFF97DA120AD1F8D72DA7F8A5" box="[417,458,1873,1899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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||
dorsal view 1.9× as wide as long; T
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||
<quantity id="4CB0689CFF97DA12081CF8D72FF4F8A5" box="[876,921,1873,1899]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
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dorsal view as wide as long; S2 with a large deep depression that almost covers the median third of the surface, margined laterally by low rounded elevations, in lateral view strongly convex basally, then evenly convex to apex.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF96DA100BB7F9EE2811FF1B" blockId="13.[151,1437,1640,2027]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="13" pageNumber="214">Clypeus with deep oblique punctures in basal third and dense smaller punctures on lateral areas, area between carinae microreticulate with scattered shallow punctures. Frons with dense oblique flat-bottomed punctures, interspaces irregular and very thin; vertex and gena with deeper punctures, disappearing posteriorly and around cephalic foveae. Pronotum, mesoscutum and scutellum with deep and dense punctures, interspaces shorter than diameter of punctures and dull, some punctures in contact with each other. Metanotum more coarsely punctured, interspaces reduced to thin carinae. Mesepisternum with dense flat-bottomed punctures, arranged in irregular oblique series, punctures disappearing posteroventrally. Metaepisternum smooth, with some shallow punctures on dorsal margin. Tegula with dense barely visible fine punctures and some larger shallow punctures on posterior lobe. Dorsal faces of propodeum coarsely punctured, interspaces reduced to narrow reticulation; posterior face weakly shining, with irregular transverse striae; lateral faces impunctate, dull. T1–T4 dull with dense deep punctures, interspaces shorter or slightly larger than diameter of punctures; T5–T6 dull and impunctate. S2–S6 densely micropunctate, S2 shiny and following tergites becoming progressively more matt, punctures large and deep on S2 and becoming denser on following tergites, interspaces on S2 as long as several diameters of punctures.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FF592FDCFED3" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Head and mesosoma covered with short dense black pubescence, longer black hairs on frons and mesepisternum. Metasoma velvety due to extremely short and dense black pubescence.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FEA12D9BFE63" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Deep black; following parts bright red: apical half of area margined by carinae on clypeus, mandible except apical margin, not defined line behind eye on gena, underside of antenna, ventral spot on fore coxa, whole fore leg from base of femur to tarsus, mid leg except tarsus and dorsal line on tibia, inner side of hind leg. Wings strongly fuscous with bluish reflections.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FE312DE8FE1F" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,389,439,465]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Male. Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35296F2FF95DA100BB7FE5C2F68FD03" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FE5C2F5EFE3B" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,819,474,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93C196BFF95DA100BB7FE5C2D0CFE3A" bold="true" box="[199,353,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35F85E9FF95DA100A17FE5D2DADFE3B" box="[359,448,475,501]" name="Senegal" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF95DA100ABFFE5D2ED6FE3B" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[463,699,475,501]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref19330" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117 - 214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1373D9FCFF95DA1009A2FE5D2F4BFE3B" box="[722,806,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1899,1923]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1048,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-70@26.[151,1436,1048,1875]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 14. Distributional map of Pseudagris species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130494/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FE792DD7FD4B" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93C196BFF95DA100BB7FE792D7CFDD7" bold="true" box="[199,273,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Notes.</emphasis>
|
||
This subspecies differs from the typical form by the characters listed in the diagnosis. Though the females of the two forms do not show morphological differences, intermediate color forms could not be found. Due to the morphological homogeneity of the females in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C48BEFAFF95DA1008FAFDC12865FDAF" box="[906,1032,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Pseudagris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93C196BFF95DA1008FAFDC12865FDAF" box="[906,1032,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Pseudagris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this subspecies is maintained until the discovery of the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF7C579FF95DA100BB7FD092F68FD03" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF95DA100BB7FD092DA0FD67" author="Giordani Soika, A." box="[199,461,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" pagination="117 - 214" refId="ref19330" refString="Giordani Soika, A. (1987) Nuovo contributo alla conoscenza degli Eumenidi afrotropicali (Hymenoptera). Bollettino del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Venezia, 36, 117 - 214." type="journal article" year="1987">Giordani Soika (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported IFAN (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35F85E9FF95DA1009E5FD092E9CFD67" box="[661,753,655,681]" name="Senegal" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
) as type depository, but the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F37BDBFF95DA100F38FD0928C7FD67" box="[1096,1194,655,681]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is actually found in MSNVE, as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD9B888FF95DA100ADDFD352EFBFD03" author="Dal Pos, D. & Carpenter J. M. & Uliana, M." box="[429,662,691,717]" pageId="14" pageNumber="215" pagination="1 - 111" refId="ref19177" refString="Dal Pos, D., Carpenter J. M. & Uliana, M. (2022) The Giordani Soika collection of Eumeninae at the Natural History Museum of Venice Giancarlo Ligabue: catalogue of species and type specimens (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Zootaxa, 5137 (1), 1 - 111. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5137.1.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Dal Pos
|
||
<emphasis id="B93C196BFF95DA10097CFD352E29FD03" box="[524,580,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2022)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1373D9FCFF95DA1009D5FD352E95FD03" box="[677,760,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1497,1521]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-15@13.[151,1436,181,1474]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. a, female lectotype of Synagris aterrima Maidl, 1914, habitus and labels. b, female holotype of Pseudagris holomelas rubripes (Giordani Soika, 1987), habitus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8130476" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8130476/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="215">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |