treatments-xml/data/03/DE/09/03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

183 lines
29 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="EB5F3B6A648210904C6FE7CADF2FA40B" ID-CLB-Dataset="8703" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4825.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5ab5f5c8-481e-4d1a-8643-21e72c367278" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4402145" ID-ZooBank="F230F199-1C94-4E2E-9CE4-5F56212C015F" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609341789210" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schileyko, Arkady A., Vahtera, Varpu &amp; Edgecombe, Gregory D." docDate="2020" docId="03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4825.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4825 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Plutoniumidae Bollman 1893" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFE77155FFF2D70AFF84FFE12D45DC1F" masterDocTitle="An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1698852004925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="22F605E4A44BA274F29ED84B3CDB16D6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="FC6D9E388429AEAC9D2AB3D9F96D480F">
<mods:title id="2DB2F229ECE7AD03991CEA9B05FCE7D4">An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="F7FF3B7D98C0F2DAC0856A2D8453FA17" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2005BD77B20E8F522F596F776D08EDB7">
<mods:roleTerm id="2EF0114A62FB18F74D341DE14061699A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="993EDAB223341CEE4FB9C71E06D22EEC">Schileyko, Arkady A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FB9E4495A0F1009646C195103086406" type="email">schileyko1965@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3E1D51469CA59A46E437BB54FCB6D799" type="personal">
<mods:role id="223AC8BE68D4D58C4E033953F8A45026">
<mods:roleTerm id="75903C97BF2BA0C14915862187BDC7E2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FABA34B3672F787E9B03BFCD94088987">Vahtera, Varpu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1F2D551FFA855F05D0915882B7D77EB5" type="email">varpu.vahtera@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E9172C3D0CDA3D3353B23EB1B89AA4E5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1863342BE7B5CE95CC8421F6B41C8A15">
<mods:roleTerm id="493158F35A739AEBF60B7C62EC0DE69C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A552433C1021B7A282F499F2E133E5ED">Edgecombe, Gregory D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="197F1D80B5F00C2B49B072769CA17419" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9591-8011</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="12688810FE869C2BB2A4CC339ABDF266" type="email">schileyko1965@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7CE0F65A3757EAE24E4DC7E3C9070951">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="23A3BE46B6C5E35D8C8AA9036CDFEABE" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="8C9CB89CE2D2D141C96D678596CA3B40">
<mods:title id="26906FB5F17ADE3947455A4DFADB05AB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="EF9D800CCD19386C38C71416A4579068">
<mods:date id="BBFBFC56B8717E7AB1815EA8FFBAA835">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="EBD75D3A672A4DDE2DFF1A7E2395F84F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="AE52C2DE40EAD8C26851AB3B16145422">2020-08-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="E6E614CB6E58389958D683930A0C6B0E" type="volume">
<mods:number id="69C1DAF720B0CB0D967B558933E13ADB">4825</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="8AE180E23DAF471AC4D3662BE3ABB9D9" type="issue">
<mods:number id="EAF9121F3B09606261BA861E07669DDD">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="046265B37DAABF0F0F5F3AAA1517D98E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="39B51C280274CAD06AF3B524A22F65AB">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="0EBDCA366F3D47D09B5150DB9A97304B">64</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="C3EB2862EC3E0CA6065F71DB1F27983E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C37225FF4F3628A006F8C942908BAF02" type="CLB-Dataset">8703</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2EB74C6032EEA9F610A835F030B69804" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4825.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="61CAF5398EEED3AE6989B2C41280C018" type="GBIF-Dataset">5ab5f5c8-481e-4d1a-8643-21e72c367278</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="71F5756A447EFB5885FA05C1C402545D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="83B483C8DF5176DB1D142DBC3DD15403" type="Zenodo-Dep">4402145</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5394D18E796DFAF74009DE7E2636D49A" type="ZooBank">F230F199-1C94-4E2E-9CE4-5F56212C015F</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4455409" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177020712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4455409" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE4D71CFF13F9202F2FDAC3" box="[151,618,1729,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE4D71CFF13F9202F2FDAC3" blockId="22.[151,618,1729,1756]" box="[151,618,1729,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0800F57FFE4D71CFF13F9202F2FDAC3" bold="true" box="[151,618,1729,1756]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE4D71CFF13F9202F2FDAC3" bold="true" box="[151,618,1729,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Family
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFE4D71CFF73F9202F2FDAC3" authority="Bollman, 1893" authorityName="Bollman" authorityYear="1893" box="[247,618,1729,1756]" class="Chilopoda" family="Plutoniumidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Plutoniumidae Bollman, 1893</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE4D71CFF13F8E729CCDB01" box="[151,1161,1798,1822]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="synonymic_list">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE4D71CFF13F8E729CCDB01" blockId="22.[151,1161,1798,1822]" box="[151,1161,1798,1822]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Synonyms. Theatopidae Verhoeff, 1906;
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFE4D71CFDB2F8E72E11DB01" authority="Verhoeff, 1906" authorityName="Verhoeff" authorityYear="1906" box="[566,852,1798,1822]" class="Chilopoda" family="Plutoniumidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Theatopinae">Theatopinae Verhoeff, 1906</taxonomicName>
; Theatopsidae Verhoeff, 1907.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE4D71DFF13F8AD2F67DE7E" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE4D71DFF13F8AD2844DE22" blockId="22.[151,1437,1868,2039]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE4D71CFF13F8AD2C57DB79" bold="true" box="[151,274,1868,1894]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Eyes absent, light/depigmented spots at their place (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE4D71CFCE5F8AD2EF0DB78" box="[865,949,1868,1895]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
). Labrum with a single median tooth. Slender pretarsus of maxillae 2 (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE4D71CFE50F8912F63DB94" box="[468,550,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
) not pectinate, consisting of two well-distinguishable parts (darker basal and a semi-transparent apical ones), curved and pointed apically. Pretarsus (at least in
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFE4D71CFB92F8752938DBB1" authorityName="Newport" authorityYear="1844" box="[1046,1149,1940,1966]" class="Chilopoda" family="Cryptopidae" genus="Theatops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE4D71CFB92F8752938DBB1" box="[1046,1149,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Theatops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is accompanied by welldeveloped ventral projection (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE4D71CFE60F8592F70DBCC" box="[484,565,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
) which is of the same shape as pretarsus but visibly thinner and shorter (sometimes nearly as long as it; see below); it is never accompanied by accessory spine(s). Anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite with well-developed tooth-plates (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE5D71DFD28FF762E44DCAD" box="[684,769,151,178]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
), forcipular trochantero-prefemur with simple processes of various length. Sternites with a single longitudinal median suture, developed to varying degrees (hardly visible in some
<taxonomicName id="4C77C3B8FFE5D71DFF5EFF3E2C04DCE6" authorityName="Newport" authorityYear="1844" box="[218,321,223,249]" class="Chilopoda" family="Cryptopidae" genus="Theatops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scolopendromorpha" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFF5EFF3E2C04DCE6" box="[218,321,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Theatops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 21 LBS; spiracles (figs 1AB in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFD39FF3E2EE7DCE5" author="Vahtera, V. &amp; Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G." box="[701,930,223,250]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="225 - 248" refId="ref51336" refString="Vahtera, V., Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G. (2012 b) Spiracle structure in scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) and its contribution to phylogenetics. Zoomorphology, 131, 225 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 012 - 0157 - 0" type="journal article" year="2012">
Vahtera
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFC9EFF3E2E09DCE6" box="[794,844,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2012b
</bibRefCitation>
) on LBS 220 or on macrosegments only (if so LBS 7 with or without spiracles). Ultimate LBS considerably elongated with ultimate tergite nearly twice as long the penultimate one. Coxopleuron virtually without process (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE5D71DFCCAFEC62EE6DD5E" box="[846,931,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
), sometimes with a single spine at its place. Tarsus of legs 119 monopartite; legs with two tibial spurs and one tarsal spur. Ultimate legs forcipulate (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE5D71DFAC4FEAA2DF3DD96" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 33, 37</figureCitation>
), swollen, strongly sclerotized, truly “pincer-shaped” (sensu
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFCE9FE8E295ADD96" author="Schileyko, A." box="[877,1055,367,393]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="519 - 530" refId="ref50114" refString="Schileyko, A. (2009) Ectonocryptoides sandrops - a new scolopendromorph centipede from Belize. Soil Organisms, 81 (3), 519 - 530." type="journal article" year="2009">Schileyko 2009</bibRefCitation>
) with all articles much shortened and enlarged, excluding falcate pretarsus which is considerably elongated being at least as long as corresponding tarsus 2 (or much longer; see below). Dorsal and medial surface of both prefemur and femur flat, these articles with or without (
<figureCitation id="134CA4BEFFE5D71DFE9EFE3A2C29DDEA" box="[282,364,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 3339" captionStartId="24.[151,264,1627,1651]" captionTargetBox="[172,1415,293,1582]" captionTargetId="figure-53@24.[151,1436,272,1603]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 3339. Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488; 33 ultimate and penultimate LBS + ultimate legs dorsally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 34 head + LBS 1 dorsally; Theatops erythrocephalus (C. L. Koch, 1847); ZMB 3393 35 apical part of maxilla 2 laterally; Theatops spinicaudus Wood, 1862; Ad. Rc 6489 36 head + forcipular segment ventrally; Theatops posticus (Say, 1821); Sad. Rc 6488 37 LBS 21 + ultimate legs ventrally; Tonkinodentus lestes Schileyko, 1992; Holotype ad. Rc 6358 38 ultimate + penultimate LBS dorsally 39 cephalic plate + LBS 1 dorsally; (cst)—forcipular coxosternite, (cx)—coxopleuron, (ds)—depigmented eye spot, (p2)—non pectinate pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemural process, (pts)—pretarsus, (T1)—tergite 1, (t2)—tarsus 2, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ust)—ultimate sternite, (ut)—ultimate tergite, (vp)—short ventral projection of pretarsus of maxilla 2." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4402161" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4402161/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
) ventral spines.
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFDA7FE3A2EE3DDEA" author="Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Bonato, L." box="[547,934,474,501]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref47498" refString="Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Bonato, L. (2011) Chilopoda-taxonomic overview. Order Scolopendromorpha. In: Minelli, A. (Ed.), Treatise on Zoology-Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Myriapoda. Vol. 1. Brill, Leiden, pp. 392 - 407." type="book" year="2011">Edgecombe &amp; Bonato (2011: 395)</bibRefCitation>
also wrote: “Poison calyx extending into the forcipular coxosternite… Gizzard with stiff anteriorly/directed projections; projections evenly curved, covered by multifurcating scales that spirally encircle the projection, branching into slender, needle-like spines”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE5D71DFF43FDA62F67DE7E" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,546,582,609]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFF43FDA62CF1DE7E" bold="true" box="[199,436,582,609]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Number of subtaxa.</emphasis>
2 genera.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE5D71DFF43FD8B2F71DE9A" box="[199,564,618,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE5D71DFF43FD8B2F71DE9A" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,789]" box="[199,564,618,645]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFF43FD8B2CF2DE9B" bold="true" box="[199,439,618,644]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE5D71DFF43FD6E2821DED2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE5D71DFF43FD6E2821DED2" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFF43FD6E2C5FDEB6" bold="true" box="[199,282,655,681]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Range.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1FB266FFE5D71DFEA6FD6E2F87DED2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023417302" country="United States of America" county="Southern Europe" location="Southern Italian Peninsula" municipality="Southern Iberian Peninsula" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62A9C0B7FFE5D71DFEA6FD6E2C9ADEB6" box="[290,479,655,681]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southern Europe</collectingCounty>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAC2241FFE5D71DFE6AFD6E2E66DEB6" box="[494,803,655,681]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southern Iberian Peninsula</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA8EEE0FFE5D71DFCABFD6E291FDEB6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A:8EA8EEE0FFE5D71DFCABFD6E291FDEB6" box="[815,1114,655,681]" country="United States of America" county="Southern Europe" municipality="Southern Iberian Peninsula" name="Southern Italian Peninsula" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southern Italian Peninsula</location>
, Balkan Peninsula, Sardinia, Sicily); South-West, East and South-East of
<collectingCountry id="F360F8ABFFE5D71DFD03FD522F87DED2" box="[647,706,691,717]" name="United States of America" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">USA</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B1FB266FFE5D71DFD49FD522825DED2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3023417311" box="[717,1376,691,717]" country="China" location="Northern Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
<location id="8EA8EEE0FFE5D71DFD49FD522ED6DED2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE092DFFE4D71DFF13F9202E0BDF0A:8EA8EEE0FFE5D71DFD49FD522ED6DED2" box="[717,915,691,717]" country="China" name="Northern Mexico" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="Sichuan">Northern Mexico</location>
; Central
<collectingCountry id="F360F8ABFFE5D71DFC73FD52297FDED2" box="[1015,1082,691,717]" name="China" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49B376D9FFE5D71DFBCDFD5229EDDED2" box="[1097,1192,691,717]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B376D9FFE5D71DFB37FD522845DED2" box="[1203,1280,691,717]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Hunan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B376D9FFE5D71DFA8FFD522812DED2" box="[1291,1367,691,717]" country="China" name="Gansu" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gansu</collectingRegion>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36DEBB0FFE5D71DFF43FD362E0BDF0A" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC8B83BFFE5D71DFF43FD362E0BDF0A" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFF43FD362C7EDEEE" bold="true" box="[199,315,727,753]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
Treated as a family in
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFDB9FD362E86DEEE" author="Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Bonato, L." box="[573,963,726,753]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref47498" refString="Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Bonato, L. (2011) Chilopoda-taxonomic overview. Order Scolopendromorpha. In: Minelli, A. (Ed.), Treatise on Zoology-Anatomy, Taxonomy, Biology. The Myriapoda. Vol. 1. Brill, Leiden, pp. 392 - 407." type="book" year="2011">Edgecombe &amp; Bonato (2011: 395)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFC4BFD362865DEEE" author="Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Vahtera, V. &amp; Stock, S. R. &amp; Kallonen, A. &amp; Xiao, X. &amp; Rack, A. &amp; Giribet, G." box="[975,1312,727,753]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="768 - 786" refId="ref47554" refString="Edgecombe, G. D., Vahtera, V., Stock, S. R., Kallonen, A., Xiao, X., Rack, A. &amp; Giribet, G. (2012) A scolopocryptopid centipede (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) from Mexican amber: synchrotron microtomography and phylogenetic placement using a combined morphological and molecular data set. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 166, 768 - 786. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2012.00860. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Edgecombe
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFBDEFD3629D6DEEE" box="[1114,1171,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
(2012: 770)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFAAFFD362C6DDF0A" author="Vahtera, V. &amp; Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="4 - 20" refId="ref51271" refString="Vahtera, V., Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G. (2012 a) Evolution of blindness in scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha): insight from an expanded sampling of molecular data. Cladistics, 28, 4 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2011.00361. x" type="journal article" year="2012">
Vahtera
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFA0CFD362DF1DF0A" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
(2012a: 9
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFEB0FD1A2CF0DF0A" author="Vahtera, V. &amp; Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G." box="[308,437,763,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="225 - 248" refId="ref51336" refString="Vahtera, V., Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G. (2012 b) Spiracle structure in scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha) and its contribution to phylogenetics. Zoomorphology, 131, 225 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00435 - 012 - 0157 - 0" type="journal article" year="2012">2012b: 229</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFE44FD1A2F70DF0A" author="Vahtera, V. &amp; Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G." box="[448,565,762,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="578 - 602" refId="ref51397" refString="Vahtera, V., Edgecombe, G. D. &amp; Giribet, G. (2013). Phylogenetics of scolopendromorph centipedes: can denser taxon sampling improve an artificial classification? Invertebrate Systematics, 27 (5), 578 - 602. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IS 13035" type="journal article" year="2013">2013: 580</bibRefCitation>
),
<bibRefCitation id="EFE6C5CAFFE5D71DFDCCFD1A2E0FDF0A" author="Bonato, L. &amp; Orlando, M. &amp; Zapparoli, M. &amp; Fusco, G. &amp; Bortolin, F." box="[584,842,763,789]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref45789" refString="Bonato, L., Orlando, M., Zapparoli, M., Fusco, G. &amp; Bortolin, F. (2017) New insights into Plutonium, one of the largest and least known European centipedes (Chilopoda): distribution, evolution and morphology. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 20, 1 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlw 026" type="journal article" year="2017">
Bonato
<emphasis id="B9036429FFE5D71DFD24FD1A2F9CDF0A" box="[672,729,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
(2017: 2)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>