treatments-xml/data/03/AB/87/03AB87A8FFC7FFAA3E92C845FDF5F862.xml

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<mods:title id="1B63FF148B43DF2BEE785D4121E2DB64">The genus Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae) in Vietnam and Northeastern Laos with descriptions of ten new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A2A03E6C05387217456622F536AB560">Pham, Nhi Thi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3CF4ABD10A46EF569D413EDCC9CCAA1F">Long, Khuat Dang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DFDE81A250128FD09FBDA0FCAB148AC5">Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science &amp; Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F7A00A9443A42CEE360764712FAE9592">Dzuong, Nguyen Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="BB0EF850978033558C5A3202B75AC856">Mai, Pham Quynh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F2905EFB04461250BEEFEC2AC30EE95">Institute of Ecology &amp; Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science &amp; Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam &amp; Graduate University of Science &amp; Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science &amp; Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BF94DC83E64F5449FB17E201343AEC10">Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DC5EDCDC13EF37C3F08C443E4C3ABE55">Museum of Natural History “ La Specola ”, Entomology, University of Florence, via Romana, 17, 50125 Florence, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C024D3DFFC7FFA83E92C845FDD4FBF8" authority="Long &amp; Turrisi" authorityName="Pham &amp; Long &amp; Dzuong &amp; Mai &amp; Turrisi" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,608,1086,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Aulacidae" genus="Pristaulacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83E92C845FE23FBF9" bold="true" box="[151,407,1086,1113]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Pristaulacus diffusus</emphasis>
Long &amp; Turrisi
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, 
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<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC7FFA83E92C818FEAAFBDD" box="[151,286,1123,1149]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="13.[151,250,870,894]" captionStartId-1="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox-0="[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetBox-1="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@13.[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetId-1="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId-0="13" captionTargetPageId-1="14" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Habitus, dorsal, B Right hind trochanter, inner side, arrow indicates apical groove, C Right hind coxa, inner side, arrow indicates subapical groove (ovipositor guide)." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Figures 7–8</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC7FFA83F2FC818FEF2FBDD" box="[298,326,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1088,1112]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,181,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-29@34.[154,1434,181,1064]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Distribution map of Pristaulacus species in Laos and Vietnam." pageId="12" pageNumber="225">23</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83E92C8D0FE85FB65" box="[151,305,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Type material</emphasis>
. 
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, labelled “Aulac. 
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” (
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), CH Vietnam: 
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD9ACC4FFC7FFA83AC6C8D0FA94FB65" box="[1219,1312,1195,1221]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Sa Thay</collectingMunicipality>
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NP, forest, 
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<collectionCode id="ED13AE7BFFC7FFA83C2BC8B4FDEDFB49" box="[558,601,1231,1257]" country="Russia" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">MT</collectionCode>
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, 
<date id="FFBC107EFFC7FFA83C60C8B5FD7FFB49" box="[613,715,1230,1257]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" value="2015-02-02">2.ii.2015</date>
, HT Phuong. 
<materialsCitation id="3B6A3CE3FFC7FFA83D6CC8B4FF76FA91" collectionCode="IEBR, MT" country="Vietnam" elevation="1591" latitude="21.317278" location="Thuan Chau" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.58725" municipality="Sa Thay" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Son La" typeStatus="paratype">
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, 
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, “Aulac. 
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” (
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), same data as holotype; “Aulac. 
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” (
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), NW 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC7FFA83C35C888FD27FAAD" box="[560,659,1267,1293]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
: 
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, 
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, forest, 
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<collectionCode id="ED13AE7BFFC7FFA83E92C96CFF76FA91" box="[151,194,1303,1329]" country="Russia" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">MT</collectionCode>
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(
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)
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: 
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, labelled “ 
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, 
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BD9ACC4FFC7FFA83A70C96CFB45FA91" box="[1141,1265,1303,1329]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Ban Saleui</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EDD6065FFC7FFA83AFEC96CFA81FA91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87A8FFC7FFAA3E92C845FDF5F862:8EDD6065FFC7FFA83AFEC96CFA81FA91" box="[1275,1333,1303,1329]" country="Laos" latitude="20.225" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="103.990555" municipality="Ban Saleui" name="Phou" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" stateProvince="Houaphan">Phou</location>
Pan-Mt., 
<geoCoordinate id="EE365079FFC7FFA83E92C940FE91FAF5" box="[151,293,1339,1365]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" precision="15" seconds="30" value="20.225">20°13’30’’N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE365079FFC7FFA83F2EC941FE70FAF5" box="[299,452,1338,1365]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" precision="15" seconds="26" value="103.990555">103°59’26’’E</geoCoordinate>
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC7FFA83FCEC941FDDCFAF5" box="[459,616,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1625.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1350.0">
<elevation id="002FD18DFFC7FFA83FCEC941FDDCFAF5" box="[459,616,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" unit="m" value="1625.0" valueMax="1900.0" valueMin="1350.0">1350–1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFBC107EFFC7FFA83C76C941FD51FAF5" box="[627,741,1338,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" value="2011-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EFF8E996FFC7FFA83C76C941FD51FAF5" box="[627,741,1338,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" value="2011-05-18">18.5.2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg. 
<collectorName id="26F75368FFC7FFA83D24C940FC08FAF5" box="[801,956,1339,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">C. Holzschuh</collectorName>
+locals” (
<collectionCode id="ED13AE7BFFC7FFA83A23C940FBC8FAF5" box="[1062,1148,1339,1365]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pp0t-48s3" name="Oberösterreichisches Landesmuseum" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" type="Museum">OLML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC7FFA83EC2C924FF61FA61" blockId="12.[151,1437,1194,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83EC2C924FE8BFAD9" box="[199,319,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Etymology</emphasis>
. From Latin 
<taxonomicName id="4C024D3DFFC7FFA83FDDC924FDF5FAD9" authorityName="Pham &amp; Long &amp; Dzuong &amp; Mai &amp; Turrisi" authorityYear="2024" box="[472,577,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Aulacidae" genus="Pristaulacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusus">“diffusus</taxonomicName>
” meaning “spread out, extended, dispersed”, because this species is widely distributed throughout 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC7FFA83F92C9F8FE4DFA3D" box="[407,505,1411,1437]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, i.e. from Northwestern to Central Highlands 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC7FFA83DF2C9F8FBEDFA3D" box="[1015,1113,1411,1437]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
, and extends to Northeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC7FFA83E92C9DCFF65FA61" box="[151,209,1447,1473]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Laos</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC7FFA83EC2C9B0FEECF939" blockId="12.[151,1437,1194,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83EC2C9B0FE8DFA44" box="[199,313,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Head from above 1.1 × wider than long; occipital carina lamelliform, complete, 0.6 × diameter of an ocellus median occipital margin roundly (evenly), slightly concave (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC7FFA83D98C994FC4CF9A9" box="[925,1016,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); pronotum, in lateral view, with one projecting tooth-like process; scutellum almost smooth with 3 transverse striae; fore wing membrane hyaline, veins of fore wing brown with large dark substigmal spot, extending near vein 2-Ma; hind femur 0.7 × length of hind tibia; tarsal claws with four tooth-like processes; petiole slender, widened apically, 3.1 × its apical width; ovipositor 1.1 × fore wing length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC7FFA83EC2CAD8FE17F941" blockId="12.[151,1437,1194,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83EC2CAD8FEE7F91C" box="[199,339,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Description.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54B9881CFFC7FFA83F65CAD8FE72F91D" box="[352,454,1699,1725]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<specimenCount id="9D04FD37FFC7FFA83FD4CAD8FE50F91D" box="[465,484,1699,1725]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
), body length: 8.0 mm; antenna length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC7FFA83DA4CAD8FC4DF91D" box="[929,1017,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC7FFA83ACDCAD8FA94F91D" box="[1224,1312,1699,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="6.7">6.7 mm</quantity>
; ovipositor length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC7FFA83EE9CABCFEF6F941" box="[236,322,1735,1761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="225" unit="mm" value="7.1">7.1 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC7FFA83F54CABCFE21F941" box="[337,405,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,870,894]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Habitus, dorsal, B Right hind trochanter, inner side, arrow indicates apical groove, C Right hind coxa, inner side, arrow indicates subapical groove (ovipositor guide)." pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC7FFA83EC2CA90FA2EF835" blockId="12.[151,1437,1194,1941]" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC7FFA83EC2CA90FEAFF8A5" box="[199,283,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Colour.</emphasis>
Head black; setae whitish; palpi blackish brown; mandible brown basally, brown apically; scape brown yellowish ventrally; pedicel and flagellomeres dark brown; mesosoma black; fore legs yellow, except fore coxa brownish yellow; middle legs yellow, except middle coxa, trochanter and third-fifth tarsus brownish yellow; hind legs dark brown; fore wing hyaline, veins of fore wing brown with large dark spot below stigma, extending near vein 2-Ma (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC7FFA83EE6CB00FE85F835" box="[227,305,1915,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="12" pageNumber="225">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
); metasoma dark brown, except tergite 2 yellow basally; ovipositor sheath brown; ovipositor yellow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7D6636FFC6FFA93E92CF1DFAF8FC02" pageId="13" pageNumber="226" startId="13.[151,250,870,894]" targetBox="[340,1247,181,846]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC6FFA93E92CF1DFAF8FC02" blockId="13.[151,1436,870,930]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93E92CF1DFEA6FCDE" bold="true" box="[151,274,870,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C024D3DFFC6FFA93F1DCF1DFD22FCDE" authority="Long &amp; Turrisi" authorityName="Pham &amp; Long &amp; Dzuong &amp; Mai &amp; Turrisi" authorityYear="2024" box="[280,662,870,894]" class="Insecta" family="Aulacidae" genus="Pristaulacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93F1DCF1DFE41FCDE" bold="true" box="[280,501,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Pristaulacus diffusus</emphasis>
Long &amp; Turrisi
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24557D7FFC6FFA93C9ACF1DFD44FCDD" box="[671,752,870,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93C9ACF1DFD5EFCDE" bold="true" box="[671,746,870,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, female. 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93DB7CF1DFC70FCDE" bold="true" box="[946,964,870,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">A</emphasis>
Habitus, dorsal, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93A6ACF1DFB34FCDE" bold="true" box="[1135,1152,870,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">B</emphasis>
Right hind trochanter, inner side, arrow indicates apical groove, C Right hind coxa, inner side, arrow indicates subapical groove (ovipositor guide).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC6FFA93EC2CF8FFB60FB62" blockId="13.[151,1437,1012,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93EC2CF8FFEBFFBAE" box="[199,267,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Head.</emphasis>
From above 1.1 × wider than long dorsally; scape 1.6 × length pedicel; first flagellomere 1.9 × as long as scape, and 0.6 × length of second flagellomere; occipital carina lamelliform, complete, weakly concave medially, 0.6 × diameter of an ocellus; POL: OOL = 15: 13 (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93CD7C847FC9FFBF6" box="[722,811,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
); frons and malar space with long pubescence (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93B32C847FA3AFBF6" box="[1335,1422,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
); malar space punctate, with long pubescence, 0.4 × eye length; clypeus densely punctate, 3.3 × as wide as high; frons with fine dense punctures; temple roundly narrowed posteriorly, 0.9 × eye length dorsally; vertex and temple setose, with scattered fine punctures (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93FECC8D3FDF6FB62" box="[489,578,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
); distance between punctures 2.0–2.5 × puncture diameter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC6FFA93EC2C8B6FE5EF9D2" blockId="13.[151,1437,1012,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="4C024D3DFFC6FFA93EC2C8B6FE8BFB46" box="[199,319,1229,1254]" class="Arachnida" family="Sclerosomatidae" genus="Mesosoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Opiliones" pageId="13" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93EC2C8B6FE8BFB46" box="[199,319,1229,1254]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Mesosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Propleuron areolate-rugulose, pubescence long and dense, latero-ventral margin with one tooth-like process (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93EFFC88BFEFBFAAA" box="[250,335,1264,1290]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
); mesoprescutum in lateral view slightly protruding anteriorly over pronotum, with short V-shaped groove antero-medially (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93FA2C96FFE48FA8E" box="[423,508,1300,1326]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
),lateral lobes transverse-carinate; scutellum coriaceous, with 2–3 transverse carinae; axillae areolate-rugose; metapostnotum deep, finely crenulate (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93D75C943FC7AFAF2" box="[880,974,1336,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8H</figureCitation>
); metapleuron and propodeum areolate-rugose, with short whitish pubescence; posterior-ventral margin of propodeum with dense whitish pubescence. Fore wing with veins 2-Rs curved medially; vein 2-Ma almost straight; r: 3-Rs = 11: 15; discal cell slightly narrowed anteriorly; vein 2-Rs+M long (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93FF5C9DFFD8AFA1E" box="[496,574,1444,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
), 2-Rs+M: 2-Ma: 3-Ma: 3-Mb = 4: 22: 6: 10 (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93A68C9DFFB0FFA1E" box="[1133,1211,1444,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8I</figureCitation>
); hind coxa slender, subapical groove (ovipositor guide) wide and deep, with sparse setae (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93DB9C9B3FBA3FA42" box="[956,1047,1480,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,870,894]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Habitus, dorsal, B Right hind trochanter, inner side, arrow indicates apical groove, C Right hind coxa, inner side, arrow indicates subapical groove (ovipositor guide)." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
); apical trochanteral groove wide; trochantellus distinct (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93F8BC997FE50F9A6" box="[398,484,1516,1542]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,870,894]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[340,1247,181,846]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Habitus, dorsal, B Right hind trochanter, inner side, arrow indicates apical groove, C Right hind coxa, inner side, arrow indicates subapical groove (ovipositor guide)." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
); hind femur 0.7 × length of hind tibia; inner spur: outer spur = 11: 10; hind basitarsus 1.1 × length of tarsomeres 2–5 combined; hind basitarsus 3.1 × length of second tarsomere; second tarsomere 1.5 × length of third; third tarsomere 2.0 × length of fourth; fourth tarsomere 0.4 × length of fifth; tarsal claw with five tooth-like processes (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93F83CA23FE69F9D2" box="[390,477,1624,1650]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC6FFA93EC2CA06FAC1F97E" blockId="13.[151,1437,1012,1759]" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC6FFA93EC2CA06FE88F936" box="[199,316,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Metasoma</emphasis>
. Pyriform (lateral view) (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC6FFA93C64CA07FD0FF936" box="[609,699,1660,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetId="figure-29@14.[340,1247,181,1398]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 8. Pristaulacus diffusus Long &amp; Turrisi, sp. nov., holotype, female. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, F Pronotum, lateral, G Metasoma, lateral, H Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing." pageId="13" pageNumber="226">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
), weakly compressed laterally; petiole slender, widened apically, 3.1 × its apical width; petiole shiny, smooth; tergite 2 mostly polished and shiny, with a few fine superficial rugae medially; remaining tergites with fine dense punctures and short dense setae; ovipositor 1.1 × fore wing length.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7D6636FFC5FFAA3E92C9F6FC9AFA4E" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" startId="14.[151,250,1421,1445]" targetBox="[340,1247,181,1398]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3E92C9F6FC9AFA4E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1421,1518]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3E92C9F6FEA7FA05" bold="true" box="[151,275,1421,1445]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C024D3DFFC5FFAA3F1CC9F6FD2CFA06" authority="Long &amp; Turrisi" authorityName="Pham &amp; Long &amp; Dzuong &amp; Mai &amp; Turrisi" authorityYear="2024" box="[281,664,1421,1446]" class="Insecta" family="Aulacidae" genus="Pristaulacus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffusus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3F1CC9F6FE42FA05" bold="true" box="[281,502,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Pristaulacus diffusus</emphasis>
Long &amp; Turrisi
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3CA7C9F5FD46FA06" bold="true" box="[674,754,1422,1446]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24557D7FFC5FFAA3CA7C9F5FD46FA06" box="[674,754,1422,1446]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, female. 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3DB3C9F6FC73FA05" bold="true" box="[950,967,1421,1445]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">A</emphasis>
Head, dorsal, arrow indicates occipital carina, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3E92C9C9FF1CFA6A" bold="true" box="[151,168,1458,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">B</emphasis>
Head, frontal, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3F3AC9CAFEE5FA69" bold="true" box="[319,337,1457,1481]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">C</emphasis>
Head, lateral, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3FE0C9C9FE43FA6A" bold="true" box="[485,503,1458,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">D</emphasis>
Mesonotum, dorsal, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3CC9C9C9FD69FA6A" bold="true" box="[716,733,1458,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">E</emphasis>
Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3DD8C9C9FC58FA6A" bold="true" box="[989,1004,1458,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">F</emphasis>
Pronotum, lateral, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3AABC9CAFB76FA69" bold="true" box="[1198,1218,1457,1481]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">G</emphasis>
Metasoma, lateral, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3B8CC9C9FA29FA6A" bold="true" box="[1417,1437,1458,1482]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">H</emphasis>
Propodeum, lateral, arrow indicates metapostnotum, 
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3CAAC9ADFD0DFA4E" bold="true" box="[687,697,1494,1518]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">I</emphasis>
Fore wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3EC2CA3BFE31F9FA" blockId="14.[151,1437,1600,1986]" box="[199,389,1600,1626]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3EC2CA3BFEBCF9FA" box="[199,264,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3EC2CA1EFDA8F94A" blockId="14.[151,1437,1600,1986]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3EC2CA1EFE9BF9DE" box="[199,303,1637,1662]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Variation</emphasis>
. Examined 
<specimenCount id="9D04FD37FFC5FFAA3FB0CA1FFE6EF9DE" box="[437,474,1636,1662]" count="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
. The 
<typeStatus id="54B9881CFFC5FFAA3C12CA1FFDC3F9DE" box="[535,631,1636,1662]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
is significantly smaller than 
<typeStatus id="54B9881CFFC5FFAA3DBDCA1FFBA9F9DE" box="[952,1053,1636,1662]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, but otherwise share almost all the diagnostic features: colour, colour pattern and structure. Body length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC5FFAA3DAACAF3FBBDF902" box="[943,1033,1672,1698]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
; antenna length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC5FFAA3ACCCAF3FA97F902" box="[1225,1315,1672,1699]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
; fore wing length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC5FFAA3EE9CAD7FEF1F966" box="[236,325,1708,1734]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6 mm</quantity>
; ovipositor length: 
<quantity id="4CFA9B5BFFC5FFAA3C1BCAD7FDC3F966" box="[542,631,1708,1734]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="14" pageNumber="227" unit="mm" value="4.9">4.9 mm</quantity>
. In the fore wing, there is a very narrow, obsolescent irregular brownish interstitial spot between B and D1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3EC2CA8EFB7AF8F6" blockId="14.[151,1437,1600,1986]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3EC2CA8EFE05F8AE" box="[199,433,1780,1806]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
The new species is not obviously related to any known Oriental species, and it is distinguished due to the combination of the small size, around 8.0 mm; shape of the head, width/length of head 1.1; gena length equal to dorsal eye length; setae on head and mesosoma moderately long and dense.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3EC2CB1BFE16F8DA" blockId="14.[151,1437,1600,1986]" box="[199,418,1888,1914]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3EC2CB1BFEAAF8DA" box="[199,286,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Biology</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBD36BEFFC5FFAA3EC2CBFFFDF5F862" blockId="14.[151,1437,1600,1986]" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="B976EAACFFC5FFAA3EC2CBFFFEE4F83E" box="[199,336,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Distribution</emphasis>
. Northwestern 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC5FFAA3C07CBFFFDD5F83E" box="[514,609,1924,1950]" name="Vietnam" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C6F85CFFC5FFAA3C77CBFFFC82F83E" box="[626,822,1924,1950]" country="Vietnam" name="Son La" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Son La province</collectingRegion>
); Central 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC5FFAA3DA2CBFFFBB2F83E" box="[935,1030,1924,1950]" name="Vietnam" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C6F85CFFC5FFAA3A12CBFFFB42F83E" box="[1047,1270,1924,1950]" country="Vietnam" name="Kon Tum" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Kon Tum province</collectingRegion>
); Northeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F315762EFFC5FFAA3E92CBD3FF79F862" box="[151,205,1960,1986]" name="Laos" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Laos</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49C6F85CFFC5FFAA3ED9CBD3FE7EF862" box="[220,458,1960,1986]" country="Laos" name="Houaphan" pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Houaphanh province</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13392A3BFFC5FFAA3FE4CBD3FD81F862" box="[481,565,1960,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1088,1112]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,181,1064]" captionTargetId="figure-29@34.[154,1434,181,1064]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 23. Distribution map of Pristaulacus species in Laos and Vietnam." pageId="14" pageNumber="227">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>